A micro atomizing nozzle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion engines, and proposes a micro-atomizing nozzle, including a nozzle, the nozzle having a spray chamber, the spray chamber having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, a core shaft, the core shaft is slidably and rotatably arranged in the spray chamber, the two ends of which are a blocking end and a top end, respectively, and the core shaft divides the spray chamber into a front chamber and a rear chamber, the blocking end is located in the front chamber, the top end is located in the rear chamber, the fuel inlet is connected to the rear chamber, the fuel outlet is connected to the front chamber, a spring member is arranged in the rear chamber, one end of the spring member acts on the inner wall of the rear chamber, and the other end acts on the top end to provide a force for the blocking end to block the fuel outlet, and a connecting channel, one end of the connecting channel is connected to the front chamber, and the other end is connected to the rear chamber. Through the above technical scheme, the technical problem that it is difficult to realize instant start and stop of the centrifugal atomizing nozzle in the related technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustion engines, and in particular to a micro atomizing nozzle. Background Art

[0002] The micro-atomizing nozzle is the core component of the combustion chamber of an aircraft engine. The fuel can only burn stably after being fully atomized. Atomizing nozzles are usually divided into pressure-type atomizing nozzles, pneumatic atomizing nozzles, rotary atomizing nozzles, evaporator tube atomizing nozzles, and combined atomizing nozzles. Among them, the rotary atomizing nozzle mainly relies on the atomizing device to atomize the oil, including the oil-swinging plate atomizing nozzle and the rotary cup atomizing nozzle; the pressure-type atomizing nozzle is divided into a direct-injection atomizing nozzle, a centrifugal atomizing nozzle, and a reflux atomizing nozzle. For the centrifugal atomizing nozzle, it is divided into a single-oil-circuit atomizing nozzle and a double-oil-circuit atomizing nozzle. In the prior art, for the centrifugal atomizing nozzle, although the amount of fuel atomization and the degree of atomization can be changed by changing the oil supply pressure, it is difficult to achieve instant start and stop of the atomizing nozzle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a micro atomizing nozzle, which solves the technical problem that the centrifugal atomizing nozzle in the related art is difficult to realize instant start and stop of the atomizing nozzle.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a micro atomizing nozzle, comprising

[0005] The nozzle has a spray chamber, and the spray chamber has a fuel inlet and a fuel spray outlet.

[0006] A core shaft is slidably and rotatably arranged in the spray chamber, and has a blocking end and a top end respectively at two ends, and the core shaft divides the spray chamber into a front chamber and a rear chamber, the blocking end is located in the front chamber, the top end is located in the rear chamber, the fuel inlet is communicated with the rear chamber, and the fuel spray outlet is communicated with the front chamber,

[0007] A spring member is disposed in the rear cavity, one end of the spring member acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity, and the other end acts on the top end to provide a force for the blocking end to block the fuel ejection port.

[0008] A connecting channel, one end of which is connected to the front cavity, and the other end of which is connected to the rear cavity.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the connecting channel is arranged on the core shaft and is spiral-shaped. The end face of the top end has a liquid diversion groove. The liquid diversion groove is inclined relative to the radial direction of the core shaft, and one end leads to the front cavity, and the other end is connected to the connecting channel; wherein, there are several liquid diversion grooves and they are all staggered with the fuel nozzle.

[0010] As a further technical solution, an annular channel is provided between the core shaft and the inner wall of the spray chamber.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the core shaft also has a diameter-enlarged section, and the end faces at both ends of the diameter-enlarged section are respectively a front acting surface and a rear acting surface. The front acting surface is located in the front cavity and is acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the front cavity, and the rear acting surface is located in the rear cavity and is acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the rear cavity.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the sizes of the front acting surface and the rear acting surface are such that when the hydraulic pressures of the front chamber and the rear chamber are equal, the axial component of the hydraulic force of the front chamber applied to the front acting surface is greater than the axial component of the hydraulic force of the rear chamber applied to the rear acting surface.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the blocking end has an annular groove.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the side wall of the annular groove away from the fuel injection port is a conical annular cone surface, and the annular cone surface has a plurality of spiral protrusions arranged along the circumference.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the one-way valve further includes a one-way valve, one end of which is connected to the front cavity, and the other end of which is connected to the rear cavity, and the direction of the one-way valve is such that the liquid flows from the front cavity to the rear cavity when the pressure is sufficiently large; wherein the one-way valve is arranged in the wall of the nozzle.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the nozzle further comprises an oxygen channel, and the oxygen channel is communicated with the front cavity.

[0017] As a further technical solution, a thrust bearing is also included, and the thrust bearing is arranged between the spring member and the top end.

[0018] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The core shaft is slidably arranged on the nozzle, and the core shaft blocks the fuel outlet of the nozzle cavity under the elastic force of the spring member. The core shaft divides the nozzle cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and the front cavity and the rear cavity can be connected through a connecting channel. When the micro-atomizing nozzle needs to spray fuel for combustion, liquid fuel with a certain pressure is fed into the fuel inlet, and the liquid fuel will first enter the rear cavity, and then enter the front cavity through the connecting channel so that the front cavity and the rear cavity are filled with combustion liquid in a short time. When the combustion liquid is full, the liquid pressure in the front cavity and the rear cavity is equal. The blocking end and the top end of the core shaft are respectively located in the front cavity and the rear cavity. The core shaft is slidably arranged vertically, so the blocking end and the top end are respectively subjected to liquid pressure in two directions. By designing the size difference between the sealing end and the liquid action surface of the top end, it can be ensured that the axial downward liquid pressure on the sealing end is greater than the sum of the axial upward liquid pressure on the top end and the elastic force of the spring member acting on the top end, ultimately achieving the downward movement of the core shaft to open the fuel spray port, thereby achieving the purpose of instant start and stop of fuel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: nozzle (1), spray chamber (101), front chamber (1011), rear chamber (1012), fuel inlet (102), fuel spray outlet (103), core shaft (2), blocking end (201), top end (202), liquid diversion groove (203), diameter increasing section (204), front action surface (2041), rear action surface (2042), annular groove (205), annular cone surface (206), spiral protrusion (207), spring member (3), connecting channel (4), annular channel (5), one-way valve (6). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment proposes a micro atomizing nozzle 1, comprising

[0030] The nozzle 1 has a nozzle cavity 101, and the nozzle cavity 101 has a fuel inlet 102 and a fuel outlet 103.

[0031] The core shaft 2 is slidably and rotatably arranged in the spray chamber 101, and the two ends are respectively a blocking end 201 and a top end 202, and the core shaft 2 divides the spray chamber 101 into a front chamber 1011 and a rear chamber 1012, the blocking end 201 is located in the front chamber 1011, the top end 202 is located in the rear chamber 1012, the fuel inlet 102 is connected with the rear chamber 1012, and the fuel spray outlet 103 is connected with the front chamber 1011.

[0032] The spring member 3 is arranged in the rear cavity 1012, one end of the spring member 3 acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity 1012, and the other end acts on the top end 202, providing a force for the blocking end 201 to block the fuel injection port 103.

[0033] Connecting channel 4, one end of connecting channel 4 is connected to the front cavity 1011, and the other end is connected to the rear cavity 1012.

[0034] In this embodiment, considering that the fuel atomizing nozzle in the prior art usually cannot achieve instant start and stop when in use, and there is a problem of starting and stopping, in order to solve this problem, the core shaft 2 is specially designed to be slidably arranged on the nozzle 1, and the core shaft 2 blocks the fuel spray port 103 of the spray cavity 101 under the elastic force of the spring member 3. The core shaft 2 divides the spray cavity 101 of the nozzle 1 into a front cavity 1011 and a rear cavity 1012, and the front cavity 1011 and the rear cavity 1012 can be connected through the connecting channel 4. When the micro-atomizing nozzle is required to spray fuel for combustion, liquid fuel with a certain pressure is delivered to the fuel inlet 102. The liquid fuel will first enter the rear chamber 1012, and then enter the front chamber 1011 through the connecting channel 4, so that the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012 are filled with combustion liquid in a short time. When the combustion liquid is full, the liquid pressures in the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012 are equal. The sealing end 201 and the top end 202 of the core shaft 2 are respectively located in the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012. The core shaft 2 is arranged to slide vertically, so the sealing end 201 and the top end are respectively subjected to liquid pressures in two directions. By designing the difference in size between the surfaces acted upon by the liquid at the blocking end 201 and the top end 202, it can be ensured that the axially downward liquid pressure on the blocking end 201 is greater than the sum of the axially upward liquid pressure on the top end 202 and the elastic force of the spring member 3 acting on the top end 202, thereby ultimately achieving the downward movement of the core shaft 2 to open the fuel outlet 103, thereby achieving the purpose of instantaneous start and stop of the fuel.

[0035] Specifically, no matter it is the blocking end 201 or the top end 202, except that the hydraulic pressure on the vertical radial surface cannot generate a component force in the axial direction, the forces on other surfaces in contact with the fuel liquid will generate a component force along the axial direction of the core shaft 2. The sum of the generated component forces is determined by the projected area of ​​the surface in contact with the fuel liquid on the vertical axial surface. In short, by designing the projected area of ​​the blocking end 201 on the vertical axial surface to be larger than the projected area of ​​the top end 202 on the vertical axial surface, it is possible to achieve a greater liquid pressure on the blocking end 201, so that under the action of the liquid pressure, the blocking end 201 opens the fuel outlet 103, cleverly realizing the blocking of the fuel outlet 103 under the action of the spring member 3 when no liquid fuel is delivered, and the instantaneous opening under the action of the fuel liquid pressure when fuel is delivered, and the core shaft 2 and the liquid fuel are both located on the same side of the fuel outlet 103, which can just enable the fuel outlet 103 to spray liquid fuel, making up for the shortcoming of the one-way valve in the prior art that can be opened and closed instantly but cannot realize fuel spraying.

[0036] Furthermore, the connecting channel 4 is arranged on the core shaft 2 and is spiral-shaped. The end face of the top end 202 has a liquid diverter groove 203. The liquid diverter groove 203 is inclined relative to the radial direction of the core shaft 2, and one end leads to the front cavity 1011, and the other end is connected to the connecting channel 4; wherein, there are several liquid diverter grooves 203 and they are all staggered with the fuel nozzle 103.

[0037] In this embodiment, in order to achieve a more uniform fuel spray from the fuel nozzle 103, the connecting channel 4 is designed to be inside the core shaft 2 and to be spiral. When the liquid fuel flows through the connecting channel 4, the liquid fuel will rotate in a spiral. Under the action of the liquid fuel flow, the core shaft 2 will be driven to rotate at a high speed, thereby releasing the rotational pressure generated by the fuel nozzle 103, and finally realizing a rotary high-pressure columnar spray, thereby cleverly achieving rotary spray.

[0038] In this embodiment, in order to achieve more stable compression of the spring member 3 when the core shaft 2 rotates and keep the fuel outlet 103 stably opened, a liquid diverter groove 203 is provided on the end face of the top 202 to feed the liquid fuel delivered by the connecting channel 4. Because the liquid diverter groove 203 is tilted relative to the radial direction of the core shaft 2, when the liquid fuel flows through the diverter groove, it can produce a downward spinning effect relative to the spring member 3, thereby more stably compressing the spring member 3 and ensuring that the fuel outlet 103 can be further stably opened. Among them, there are several liquid diverter grooves 203, which can be two or three, and they need to be tilted to achieve the purpose of further rotating the core shaft 2 and pressing the spring down after rotation; the liquid diverter grooves 203 are staggered with the fuel outlet 103 to ensure that the fuel outlet 103 is not affected when it is blocked. Among them, the spring member 3 can be selected from suitable compression springs.

[0039] Furthermore, the core shaft 2 also has a diameter-enlarged section 204, and the end faces at both ends of the diameter-enlarged section 204 are respectively a front action surface 2041 and a rear action surface 2042. The front action surface 2041 is located in the front cavity 1011 and is acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the front cavity 1011, and the rear action surface 2042 is located in the rear cavity 1012 and is acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the rear cavity 1012.

[0040] Furthermore, the sizes of the front active surface 2041 and the rear active surface 2042 are such that when the hydraulic pressures of the front cavity 1011 and the rear cavity 1012 are equal, the axial component of the hydraulic force of the front cavity 1011 acting on the front active surface 2041 is greater than the axial component of the hydraulic force of the rear cavity 1012 acting on the rear active surface 2042.

[0041] In this embodiment, in order to meet the aforementioned requirement that the projection area of ​​the blocking end 201 on the vertical axial plane is larger than the projection area of ​​the top end 202 on the vertical axial plane, the core shaft 2 is designed to have a diameter-enlarged section 204, thereby having a front active surface 2041 and a rear active surface 2042, and the front active surface 2041 and the rear active surface 2042 are respectively located in the front cavity 1011 and the rear cavity 1012; after the projection area of ​​the front active surface 2041 on the vertical axial plane is larger than the projection area of ​​the rear active surface 2042 on the vertical axial plane, it can be satisfied that the projection area of ​​the blocking end 201 on the vertical axial plane is larger than the projection area of ​​the top end 202 on the vertical axial plane, that is, the resultant force on the core shaft 2 is directed downward, thereby realizing the opening of the fuel outlet 103 under the action of liquid fuel pressure.

[0042] Furthermore, a thrust bearing is included, and the thrust bearing is arranged between the spring member 3 and the top end 202 .

[0043] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the core shaft 2 rotates more stably and reduce friction loss, a thrust bearing is arranged between the spring member 3 and the top end 202, which greatly improves the rotation effect of the core shaft 2, so that even if a slower liquid fuel flows through the spiral connecting channel 4, the rotation effect of the core shaft 2 can be well achieved.

[0044] Furthermore, the blocking end 201 has an annular groove 205 .

[0045] Furthermore, the side wall of the annular groove 205 away from the fuel injection port 103 is a conical annular cone surface 206 , and the annular cone surface 206 has a plurality of spiral protrusions 207 arranged along the circumference.

[0046] In this embodiment, an annular groove 205 is also designed on the sealing end 201, and the side wall of the annular groove 205 away from the fuel nozzle 103 is a conical annular cone surface 206. When the several spiral protrusions 207 of the annular cone surface 206 rotate, they can generate a downward thrust when the core shaft 2 rotates, further improving the stability of the core shaft 2 moving downward to open the fuel nozzle 103.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the structure for realizing the movement of the core shaft 2 to open the fuel nozzle 103 is designed with multiple parts, including the size difference between the front acting surface 2041 and the rear acting surface 2042, including the liquid diversion groove 203, and including the spiral protrusion 207. The functions of these three parts of the structure cooperate with each other. When one part of the structure acts to realize a small downward movement of the core shaft 2 to open the fuel nozzle 103, the functions of other parts of the structure will increase, and therefore have a positively correlated coordination effect.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes a one-way valve 6, one end of the one-way valve 6 is connected to the front cavity 1011, and the other end is connected to the rear cavity 1012, and the direction of the one-way valve 6 is that the liquid flows from the front cavity 1011 to the oral cavity when the pressure is large enough; wherein the one-way valve 6 is arranged in the wall of the nozzle 1.

[0049] In the present embodiment, considering that the liquid in the front chamber 1011 sprays the fuel in the form of mist toward the fuel outlet 103, if the pressure in the front chamber 1011 is too high, and the pressure in the rear chamber changes at this time, the downward movement of the core shaft 2 will eventually fluctuate, which will cause the opening of the fuel outlet 103 to fluctuate, thereby causing the problem of excessive liquid fuel being sprayed out. For this reason, a one-way valve 6 is provided between the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012, which can open in time to send out the pressure when the front chamber 1011 is subjected to excessively large fluctuating pressure, thereby avoiding the occurrence of excessive pressure fluctuations.

[0050] Furthermore, the nozzle 1 also has an oxygen channel, which is connected to the front chamber 1011.

[0051] In this embodiment, the oxygen channel of the nozzle 1 can, on the one hand, supply oxygen to the front cavity 1011 when needed, and on the other hand, blow the air outlet of the oxygen channel toward the core shaft 2, so that the core shaft 2 can move under the blowing of oxygen, open the fuel outlet 103, and play an auxiliary starting role in the fuel injection.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment proposes a micro atomizing nozzle 1, comprising

[0054] The nozzle 1 has a nozzle cavity 101, and the nozzle cavity 101 has a fuel inlet 102 and a fuel outlet 103.

[0055] The core shaft 2 is slidably and rotatably arranged in the spray chamber 101, and the two ends are respectively a blocking end 201 and a top end 202, and the core shaft 2 divides the spray chamber 101 into a front chamber 1011 and a rear chamber 1012, the blocking end 201 is located in the front chamber 1011, the top end 202 is located in the rear chamber 1012, the fuel inlet 102 is connected with the rear chamber 1012, and the fuel spray outlet 103 is connected with the front chamber 1011.

[0056] The spring member 3 is arranged in the rear cavity 1012, one end of the spring member 3 acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity 1012, and the other end acts on the top end 202, providing a force for the blocking end 201 to block the fuel injection port 103.

[0057] Connecting channel 4, one end of connecting channel 4 is connected to the front cavity 1011, and the other end is connected to the rear cavity 1012.

[0058] Furthermore, the connecting channel 4 is arranged on the core shaft 2 and is spiral-shaped. The end face of the top end 202 has a liquid diverter groove 203. The liquid diverter groove 203 is inclined relative to the radial direction of the core shaft 2, and one end leads to the front cavity 1011, and the other end is connected to the connecting channel 4; wherein, there are several liquid diverter grooves 203 and they are all staggered with the fuel nozzle 103.

[0059] Furthermore, an annular channel 5 is provided between the core shaft 2 and the inner wall of the spray chamber 101 .

[0060] In this embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that an annular channel 5 is further provided between the core shaft 2 and the inner wall of the spray chamber 101. The design of the annular channel 5 does not affect the rotation of the core shaft 2 through the liquid fuel in the connecting channel 4 and the liquid diversion groove 203, and can also reflux a part of the liquid fuel to make the rotation of the core shaft 2 more stable and realize the internal circulation of the liquid fuel, which has the advantage of more stable combustion.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro atomizing nozzle (1), characterized in that: The invention comprises a nozzle (1), wherein the nozzle (1) has a nozzle cavity (101), wherein the nozzle cavity (101) has a fuel inlet (102) and a fuel nozzle (103), and a core shaft (2). The core shaft (2) is slidably and rotatably arranged in the nozzle cavity (101), and the two ends are a blocking end (201) and a top end (202), and the core shaft (2) divides the nozzle cavity (101) into a front cavity (1011) and a rear cavity (1012). The blocking end (201) is located at the front cavity (1011). ), the top end (202) is located in the rear cavity (1012), the fuel inlet (102) is connected to the rear cavity (1012), the fuel outlet (103) is connected to the front cavity (1011), a spring member (3), the spring member (3) is arranged in the rear cavity (1012), one end of the spring member (3) acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity (1012), and the other end acts on the top end (202) to provide a force for the blocking end (201) to block the fuel outlet (103), a connecting channel (4), one end of the connecting channel (4) is connected to the front cavity (1011), and the other end is connected to the rear cavity (1012); The connecting channel (4) is arranged on the core shaft (2) and is spiral-shaped. The end surface of the top end (202) has a liquid diversion groove (203). The liquid diversion groove (203) is arranged to be inclined relative to the radial direction of the core shaft (2), and one end of the liquid diversion groove leads to the front cavity (1011), and the other end is connected to the connecting channel (4); wherein the liquid diversion grooves (203) are multiple and are all staggered with the fuel injection port (103).

2. A micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular channel (5) is also provided between the core shaft (2) and the inner wall of the spray chamber (101).

3. The micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core shaft (2) further comprises a diameter increasing section (204), the end faces at both ends of the diameter increasing section (204) being respectively a front action surface (2041) and a rear action surface (2042), the front action surface (2041) being located in the front cavity (1011) and being acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the front cavity (1011), and the rear action surface (2042) being located in the rear cavity (1012) and being acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the rear cavity (1012).

4. A micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sizes of the front action surface (2041) and the rear action surface (2042) are such that when the hydraulic pressures of the front chamber (1011) and the rear chamber (1012) are equal, the axial component of the hydraulic force of the front chamber (1011) acting on the front action surface (2041) is greater than the axial component of the hydraulic force of the rear chamber (1012) acting on the rear action surface (2042).

5. A micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blocking end (201) has an annular groove (205).

6. A micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side wall of the annular groove (205) away from the fuel injection port (103) is a conical annular cone surface (206), and the annular cone surface (206) has a spiral protrusion (207). There are a plurality of spiral protrusions (207) arranged along a circumference.

7. The micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (1) further comprises a one-way valve (6), one end of the one-way valve (6) being connected to the front chamber (1011), and the other end of the one-way valve (6) being connected to the rear chamber (1012), and the direction of the one-way valve (6) is such that when the pressure is sufficiently large, the liquid flows from the front chamber (1011) to the rear chamber (1012); wherein the one-way valve (6) is arranged in the wall of the nozzle (1).

8. The micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (1) also has an oxygen channel, and the oxygen channel is connected to the front chamber (1011).

9. The micro atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a thrust bearing, which is arranged between the spring member (3) and the top end (202).

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