Methods and equipment for detecting dam leakage

Abstract

This invention provides a method and equipment for detecting dam seepage. The method includes: setting a power supply electrode at the seepage point downstream of the dam and a receiving electrode in a reservoir upstream of the dam; supplying power to the power supply electrode to form a path between them; setting multiple sampling points on the dam and collecting two magnetic field intensities at different vertical heights at each sampling point; establishing a three-dimensional sampling data space based on the locations of all sampling points and the two collected magnetic field intensities; performing interpolation inversion within the sampling data space using a three-dimensional data interpolation method; selecting a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane as the final result plane within the sampling data space and obtaining a magnetic field distribution plane map of the result plane; and determining the seepage path in the dam based on the magnetic field distribution plane map. This eliminates calculation errors caused by dam topographic defects and improves data accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geophysical testing technology, and in particular to a method and equipment for detecting dam leakage. Background Technology

[0002] The quality and safe operation of dike projects are crucial to the safety of people's lives and property on both sides of the strait. my country has a wide variety of dikes, a large number of them, a broad geographical distribution, and involves complex technologies. Moreover, most dikes are old and commonly suffer from safety hazards such as seepage. However, the causes of dike seepage are diverse, making accurate detection of potential seepage hazards extremely difficult. Currently, to detect potential seepage hazards in dikes, tracer methods, electrical resistivity methods, and magnetoresistivity detection are generally used as the main methods, combined with other methods such as seismic methods and elastic wave CT methods for comprehensive detection to achieve better application results.

[0003] Among them, the magnetoresistivity detection method is a new type of leakage detection technology. It is characterized by being non-destructive, fast, and providing three-dimensional visualization results, and is widely used in dam leakage detection.

[0004] However, in the existing magnetoresistivity method acquisition mode, when there are uneven surfaces on the dam, the magnetic field strength recorded during actual sampling may not be completely on the same horizontal plane, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of the planar rapid positioning processing results and an increase in the planar positioning error of the seepage channel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and equipment for detecting dam seepage, which solves the defects of existing technology in detecting dam seepage, such as the planar positioning error caused by terrain in the rapid planar processing based on the magnetoresistivity method, and achieves the technical effect of improving detection accuracy.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting dam leakage is provided, comprising:

[0007] The power supply electrode is placed at the seepage point downstream of the dam, and the receiving electrode is placed in the reservoir upstream of the dam. Power is supplied to the power supply electrode to form a path between the power supply electrode and the receiving electrode.

[0008] Multiple sampling points were set up on the dam, and two magnetic field strengths at different vertical heights were collected at each sampling point.

[0009] Based on the location of all the sampling points and the two magnetic field intensities at different vertical heights, a three-dimensional sampling data space is established, and a three-dimensional data interpolation method is adopted to perform interpolation inversion in the sampling data space.

[0010] Within the sampling data space, a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane is selected as the final result plane, and the magnetic field distribution plane diagram of the result plane is obtained.

[0011] The seepage path in the dam is determined based on the magnetic field distribution plan.

[0012] According to the present invention, a method for detecting dam leakage is provided, wherein setting multiple sampling points on the dam includes: uniformly setting multiple sampling points at equal intervals in a first direction and a second direction on a horizontal plane, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0013] According to the present invention, a method for detecting dam leakage, wherein selecting a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane as the final result plane within the sampling data space includes: selecting a horizontal slice with the lowest vertical position in the sampling data space as the final result plane.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a device for detecting dam leakage is provided, comprising: a receiving electrode, a power supply electrode, a power supply, and a data acquisition device;

[0015] The power supply electrode is installed at the seepage point downstream of the dam, and the receiving electrode is installed in the reservoir upstream of the dam. The power supply can power the power supply electrode. The data acquisition device is used to detect the magnetic field strength on the dam. The data acquisition device includes: a positioning mechanism, a first magnetic sensor, a second magnetic sensor, and a control mechanism. The positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, and the second magnetic sensor are all signal-connected to the control mechanism.

[0016] The positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, and the second magnetic sensor are fixedly connected to each other and arranged on the same axis. Moreover, the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are set in the same way to sense the magnetic field.

[0017] According to the present invention, a device for detecting dam leakage is provided, wherein the distance between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor is at least 1m.

[0018] According to the present invention, a dam leakage detection device is provided, wherein a telescopic rod is provided between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor, and the telescopic rod is configured to adjust the distance between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor.

[0019] According to the present invention, a dam leakage detection device is provided, wherein the control mechanism is fixedly disposed between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor.

[0020] According to the present invention, a dam leakage detection device is provided, wherein the distance between the first magnetic sensor and the control mechanism is 30cm to 100cm, and the distance between the second magnetic sensor and the control mechanism is 30cm to 100cm.

[0021] According to the present invention, a dam leakage detection device is provided in which the positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, the control mechanism and the second magnetic sensor are fixedly mounted on the same support rod.

[0022] According to the present invention, a dam leakage detection device is provided, wherein the positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, the control mechanism and the second magnetic sensor are connected via a non-metallic material.

[0023] The present invention provides a method and equipment for detecting dam seepage, which can obtain more sampling data without reducing sampling efficiency and actual sampling workload. Moreover, by using double-layer data sampling, a small three-dimensional data volume can be obtained. Then, by interpolating the magnetic field data in this three-dimensional data volume and performing horizontal slice analysis at different vertical heights, a magnetic field distribution planar map parallel to the horizontal plane can be obtained. Compared with existing processing methods, this can effectively eliminate calculation errors caused by dam topographic defects and improve data accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetoresistivity detection signal acquisition device used in the existing technology of magnetoresistivity detection method;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of processing magnetic field strength using a planar fast processing method in the existing technology;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting dam leakage according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the power supply electrode and the receiving electrode in a method for detecting dam leakage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of processing magnetic field strength in a method for detecting dam leakage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a current channel model generating a magnetic field according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of sampling points in a method for detecting dam leakage according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition device in a dam leakage detection equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1. RTK positioning mechanism; 2. Controller; 3. Magnetic sensor; 11. Power supply electrode; 12. Receiving electrode; 13. Dam; 14. Leakage point; 21. First magnetic sensor; 22. Second magnetic sensor; 23. Positioning mechanism; 24. Control mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0036] In related technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, the magnetoresistivity detection signal acquisition device used in the magnetoresistivity detection method mainly includes: an RTK positioning mechanism 1, a controller 2, and a magnetic sensor 3. The RTK positioning mechanism 1 positions the acquisition device during the magnetic field strength detection process. The magnetic sensor 3 detects the magnetic field strength. The controller 2 records the location of the acquisition device and the corresponding magnetic field strength to facilitate subsequent analysis of seepage locations in the dam. After the controller 2 collects the sampling data from all sampling points, it can be processed using either three-dimensional comprehensive inversion processing or planar rapid processing to analyze the seepage locations in the dam.

[0037] However, when performing three-dimensional comprehensive inversion processing on the sampled data, the specific location of the current channel below the detection area can be calculated based on the specific location of each sampling point and the magnetic field strength. Furthermore, the processed data can display the specific location of the leakage channel in three-dimensional space, including both planar and vertical positions. However, this inversion calculation process is time-consuming, generally requiring more than 7 days to obtain the results, and is only suitable for applications with high positioning requirements and less time constraints.

[0038] When performing rapid planar processing on sampled data, the magnetic field strength can be directly interpolated based on the location of each sampling point to generate a two-dimensional planar result map. While this method can quickly infer the approximate planar location of the leakage channel, it cannot determine the vertical depth of the leakage channel. This method is mainly suitable for scenarios where the depth of the leakage channel is known, or where the requirements are not stringent and time is limited.

[0039] In other words, in the aforementioned rapid planar processing, the final data result can only show the magnetic field strength of a single plane (generally the magnetic field strength of the dam surface). If the magnetic field strengths collected by the acquisition device are all on the same horizontal plane, the final data result can accurately reflect the actual current channel path, and this detection result has a direct guiding role in the rapid elimination of leakage hazards. However, when the magnetic field strengths collected by the acquisition device are not on the same horizontal plane, since the magnetic field strength generated by the current decreases with increasing distance, the magnetic field strength collected below the horizontal plane will be used as the magnetic field strength of that horizontal plane in the calculation, resulting in an overestimation of the data. Similarly, the magnetic field strength collected above the horizontal plane will also be used as the magnetic field strength of that horizontal plane in the calculation, resulting in an underestimation of the data. In two-dimensional interpolation inversion algorithms, such as the Kriging interpolation inversion algorithm, since the estimated value is most heavily weighted by the values ​​of surrounding known points, sampling points with increased errors will inevitably have a significant impact on the estimated values ​​around that point in the data result, and may even cause the current channel path reflected by the data result to shift, directly reducing the guiding effect of the data result on the rapid elimination of leakage hazards.

[0040] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, the current source in the dam is perpendicular to the plane of the paper, and a magnetic field exists around the current source. The acquisition device collects magnetic fields at points A, B, and C on the same detection line. The vertical height of point C is lower than that of points A and B. In the interpolation and inversion process, the horizontal plane where points A and B are located is used as the reference plane. At this time, the magnetic field strength collected at point C will be used as the magnetic field strength of point C' in the interpolation calculation. However, points C and C' have the same coordinates in the horizontal plane, but point C' is higher than point C in the vertical direction. In reality, the magnetic field strength of point C' will be significantly lower than that of point C. Therefore, the estimated values ​​around point C' will inevitably be too large during the interpolation and inversion. In the interpolation inversion data results, the magnetic field strength directly above the current source should be at its maximum value. Assuming the actual current source is located at point P, but because the magnetic field strength at point C' is greater than the actual magnetic field strength, the current source's position will be shifted towards point C' when determining its location, resulting in the final determined current source location being at point P'. This ultimately causes a horizontal error in determining the main leakage path, directly affecting the effectiveness of subsequent hazard handling.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method and device for detecting dam seepage are provided. This method, when detecting dam seepage, collects two magnetic field intensities at different vertical heights at the same sampling point. Based on the magnetic field intensities collected from multiple sampling points, a three-dimensional magnetic field distribution map is established. Using a three-dimensional data interpolation algorithm, this map is interpolated and inverted. Then, a result plane parallel to the horizontal plane is selected from this magnetic field distribution map, and the magnetic field distribution on this result plane is obtained to determine the current path within the dam, thereby identifying the main seepage path of the dam. The following is combined with… Figures 3 to 8 The method and equipment for detecting dam leakage in this embodiment are further described.

[0042] It is understood that the detection method in this embodiment belongs to the magnetoresistivity detection method. Based on the conductivity of groundwater flow, a current of a predetermined frequency is introduced into the reservoir and the seepage point of the water flow upstream and downstream of the dam. Since the current will generate a magnetic field around it during the flow, the magnetic field distribution of the dam can be obtained by means of magnetic field induction technology, and then the distribution characteristics of the current signal in the dam can be obtained. Then, based on the obtained distribution characteristics of the current signal, a model is built to obtain the specific location of the seepage in the dam.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method for detecting dam leakage in this embodiment includes:

[0044] S1: The power supply electrode is set at the seepage point downstream of the dam, and the receiving electrode is set in the reservoir upstream of the dam. Power is supplied to the power supply electrode to form a path between the power supply electrode and the receiving electrode.

[0045] S2: Set up multiple sampling points on the dam, and collect two magnetic field strengths at different vertical heights at each sampling point;

[0046] S3: Based on the location of all the sampling points and the two magnetic field strengths at different vertical heights, a three-dimensional sampling data space is established, and a three-dimensional data interpolation method is adopted to perform interpolation inversion in the sampling data space;

[0047] S4: Within the sampling data space, select a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane as the final result plane, and obtain the magnetic field distribution plane diagram of the result plane;

[0048] S5: Determine the seepage path in the dam based on the magnetic field distribution plan.

[0049] In practice, such as Figure 4 As shown, when a seepage point 14 is detected downstream of the dam 13, a power supply electrode 11 can be set at the seepage point 14, and a receiving electrode 12 can be set in the reservoir upstream of the dam 13. The power supply electrode 11 and the receiving electrode 12 are connected to the same power source, and a circuit is formed between the power supply electrode 11 and the receiving electrode 12 under the conductive effect of the water flow.

[0050] In this detection method, once current is detected in the seepage channel within the dam, multiple sampling points can be set up on the dam to collect magnetic field strength. For example, multiple sampling points can be set up above the suspected seepage area, each with different horizontal coordinates. Then, two magnetic field strengths at different vertical heights are collected at each sampling point. In other words, each sampling point collects magnetic field strengths corresponding to two different vertical height values ​​corresponding to the same horizontal coordinate. A three-dimensional sampling data space can then be established based on the horizontal coordinates of all sampling points and the magnetic field strengths at the two different vertical height values. For example, if the vertical height difference between the two magnetic field strengths collected at all sampling points is equal, then two equally spaced magnetic field sampling grids can be established above the suspected seepage area.

[0051] Then, a three-dimensional data interpolation method is used to obtain a three-dimensional magnetic field distribution map in the spatial region between the two magnetic field sampling grid maps through interpolation inversion. Next, a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane is selected in this three-dimensional space as the final result plane, and a magnetic field distribution planar map of this result plane is obtained. At this time, the magnetic field distribution planar map is parallel to the horizontal plane, which can accurately display the magnetic field distribution generated by the current in the leakage channel, thereby enabling the staff to more accurately determine the location of the leakage channel.

[0052] For example, Figure 5 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a sampling line in the sampling area. This sampling line includes four sampling points: a, b, c, and d. Points a, b, c, and d are equidistant in the horizontal direction. However, due to the uneven surface of the embankment, points c and d show varying degrees of subsidence. In the actual sampling process, the actual sampling locations at point a are points A and A”, at point b are points B and B”, at point c are points C and C”, and at point d are points D and D”. Therefore, points A and A”, B and B”, C and C”, and D and D” represent four sets of sampling points with the same horizontal coordinates but different vertical heights. Then, through interpolation, multiple interpolation points with different vertical height values ​​are formed between points A and A”, B and B”, C and C”, and D and D”. Different interpolation points correspond to different magnetic field strengths, which can be calculated from the measured points at both ends.

[0053] Finally, interpolation points with the same vertical height value are found at points a, b, c, and d, and a magnetic field distribution plane map is established using the coordinates of the interpolation point in the horizontal plane and the magnetic field strength.

[0054] Of course, it can also be understood as finding a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane between the sampling plane where ABCD is located and the sampling plane where A”B”C”D” is located, then obtaining the magnetic field distribution of the horizontal slice, and using this as the result of the rapid planar positioning process.

[0055] It is understood that in this embodiment, an infinitely long current path model is used when analyzing the magnetic field strength, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the current flows along a predetermined path. During the detection process, the horizontal component X1 of the magnetic field directly above the current path is the largest, and the vertical component Z1 is the smallest. The horizontal component X2 of the magnetic field away from the current path is relatively small, and the vertical component Z2 is relatively large. Therefore, the spatial position of the current channel can be determined by the changes in the horizontal and vertical components of the magnetic field, thus identifying the location of the leakage channel. Furthermore, when the magnetic field strength is constant, the horizontal and vertical components are generally inversely correlated; analyzing either component is sufficient to determine the planar position of the current channel. Some existing magnetic sensors can sense magnetic field strength in three directions. Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal component of the magnetic field sensed by the magnetic sensor is the joint component of the X-axis and Y-axis directions, while the vertical component refers to the component in the Z-axis direction.

[0056] For example, the formula for the magnetic field strength around a current-carrying cable can be expressed as: B = u0I / 2πR. Where R represents the distance from the center of the cable to the detection point; I represents the current; and u0 is a constant 4 x 10⁻⁷ Tm / A.

[0057] Furthermore, in order to make the distribution of sampling points more uniform and improve the detection accuracy, in this embodiment, in S2, multiple sampling points are set on the dam, including: multiple sampling points are evenly set at equal intervals in a first direction and a second direction on the horizontal plane, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, sampling points can be arranged in an equally spaced grid within the detection area enclosed by dashed lines. The distance between adjacent sampling points can be adjusted according to the size of the detection area, the detection depth, and the detection accuracy. For example, the distance between sampling points can be 2m, 5m, or 10m.

[0059] Meanwhile, in the magnetoresistivity detection method, the acquisition device usually needs to be placed directly above the suspected leakage area. In order to improve the detection accuracy and avoid missed sampling, the detection area of ​​the magnetic field strength acquired by the acquisition device should be more than 2 to 3 times the size of the suspected leakage area.

[0060] During the magnetic field acquisition process, the closer to the seepage channel, the more accurate the magnetic field strength detection; that is, the lower the sampling position in the vertical direction, the higher the accuracy. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, in step S4, within the sampling data space, a horizontal slice parallel to the horizontal plane is selected as the final result plane. This includes selecting the lowest vertically positioned horizontal slice in the sampling data space as the final result plane. This allows for the acquisition of the magnetic field distribution at the lowest horizontal plane, thus enabling a more accurate determination of the location of the seepage channel in the dam.

[0061] As described above, this embodiment also provides a dam leakage detection device, which can be used to implement the dam leakage detection method described in this embodiment. The detection device includes: a receiving electrode, a power supply electrode, a power supply, and a data acquisition device. The power supply electrode is installed at the leakage point downstream of the dam, the receiving electrode is installed in the reservoir upstream of the dam, the power supply provides power to the power supply electrode, and the data acquisition device is used to detect the magnetic field strength on the dam.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the data acquisition device includes: a positioning mechanism 23, a first magnetic sensor 21, a second magnetic sensor 22, and a control mechanism 24. The positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21, and the second magnetic sensor 22 are all signal-connected to the control mechanism 24.

[0063] The positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21, and the second magnetic sensor 22 are fixedly connected to each other and set on the same axis. Moreover, the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 are set in the same way to sense the magnetic field.

[0064] It is understood that the positioning mechanism 23 can record the coordinates of the acquisition device in the horizontal plane and its height in the vertical direction during the sampling process. For example, the positioning mechanism 23 can be a high-precision RTK device, which can record its own coordinates in the horizontal plane and its vertical height, and the measurement error of the RTK device should be less than 2cm to avoid causing large errors in data processing.

[0065] The first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 can both sense the magnetic field strength in different directions. The positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21, and the second magnetic sensor 22 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism 24. The control mechanism 24 can acquire and record the positioning data of the positioning mechanism 23, as well as the magnetic field data sensed by the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22.

[0066] Moreover, in this embodiment, the positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21, and the second magnetic sensor 22 are arranged on the same axis.

[0067] Therefore, in the process of detecting dam leakage, the acquisition device can be set up vertically at the sampling point, and the axis of the positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. At this time, the positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 are on the same vertical line and have the same horizontal coordinates.

[0068] Subsequently, the positioning mechanism 23 records its current horizontal coordinates and vertical height. Simultaneously, the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 sense the magnetic field strength at their respective current positions. Then, the vertical height difference between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 and the positioning mechanism 23 is obtained, thereby enabling the control mechanism 24 to obtain the current horizontal coordinates, vertical height, and corresponding magnetic field strength of the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22.

[0069] Subsequently, the control mechanism 24 can calculate the magnetic field strength at different vertical heights between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 under the horizontal coordinates of the current sampling point through interpolation. This allows the magnetic field strength of each sampling point on the reference plane to be obtained when determining the main seepage path of the dam, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0070] It is understood that the RTK device can record its horizontal coordinates and vertical height. During the acquisition process, the RTK device has the same horizontal coordinates as the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22. The vertical heights of the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 can be obtained by subtracting the vertical heights of the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 from the vertical height of the RTK device, thereby accurately obtaining the horizontal coordinates and vertical heights of the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22.

[0071] Furthermore, in order to improve detection accuracy, the distance between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 is at least 1m.

[0072] In order to cover the vertical height difference of the collection area as much as possible, the distance between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, a telescopic rod is provided between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22, and the telescopic rod is configured to adjust the distance between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22.

[0073] For example, the telescopic rod may include an inner rod and an outer rod. One end of the inner rod is fixedly connected to a first magnetic sensor 21, and the other end is movably inserted into the outer rod. The end of the outer rod away from the inner rod is fixedly connected to a second magnetic sensor 22. By adjusting the relative distance between the inner rod and the outer rod, the distance between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22 can be adjusted. Optionally, the inner rod and the outer rod may be fixed together by bolts.

[0074] In optional embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the control mechanism 24 is located between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22.

[0075] Furthermore, the circuit in the control mechanism 24 may affect the distribution of the magnetic field during operation. In order to reduce the impact of the control mechanism 24 on the detection accuracy of the magnetic field of the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22, in this embodiment, the distance between the first magnetic sensor 21 and the control mechanism 24 is 30cm to 100cm, and at the same time, the distance between the second magnetic sensor 22 and the control mechanism 24 is 30cm to 100cm.

[0076] In this embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, the positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21, the control mechanism 24, and the second magnetic sensor 22 are sequentially fixed on the same support rod. This allows workers to hold the support rod while sampling.

[0077] To improve the detection accuracy of the first magnetic sensor 21 and the second magnetic sensor 22, the positioning mechanism 23, the first magnetic sensor 21, the control mechanism 24, and the second magnetic sensor 22 are connected via a non-metallic material. This avoids the influence of metallic materials on the distribution of the magnetic field.

[0078] Therefore, the dam leakage detection method in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0079] The method in this embodiment can obtain more sampling data without reducing sampling efficiency and actual sampling workload. Moreover, by using double-layer data sampling, a small three-dimensional data volume can be obtained. Then, by interpolating the magnetic field data in this three-dimensional data volume and performing horizontal slice analysis at different vertical heights, a magnetic field distribution planar map parallel to the horizontal plane can be obtained. Compared with existing processing methods, this method can effectively eliminate calculation errors caused by dam topographic defects and improve data accuracy.

[0080] Meanwhile, based on this detection method, multiple magnetic field distribution plane maps parallel to the horizontal plane at different vertical heights can be generated. Through continuous comparative analysis, the quality of the sampling data can be further improved, and the rationality of the detection results can be enhanced.

[0081] In addition, when facing detection areas with large vertical height differences, the areas can be divided according to vertical height. For example, if the vertical height difference between the top of the dam and the dam slope is large, the areas can be divided and processed by projection stitching, which can effectively reduce the impact of terrain on the accuracy of detection results.

[0082] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of detecting seepage of a dam, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Providing a power supply electrode at a leakage point downstream of the dam and a receiving electrode in a reservoir upstream of the dam, supplying power to the power supply electrode to form a path between the power supply electrode and the receiving electrode; Equally spacing a plurality of sampling points in a first direction and a second direction on a horizontal plane, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and collecting two magnetic field strengths at different vertical heights at each sampling point; Based on the positions of all the sampling points and the collected two magnetic field strengths at different vertical heights, establishing a three-dimensional sampling data space, and performing interpolation inversion in the sampling data space by using a three-dimensional data interpolation method; Selecting a horizontal slice with the lowest position in a vertical direction as a final result plane in the sampling data space, and obtaining a magnetic field distribution planar map of the result plane to eliminate magnetic field planar positioning errors caused by the undulating terrain of the dam; Determining a leakage path in the dam according to the magnetic field distribution planar map.

2. A dam leakage detecting apparatus that executes the dam leakage detecting method according to claim 1, characterized by The method comprises the following steps: A receiving electrode, a power supply electrode, a power supply, and a collection device; The power supply electrode is arranged at a leakage point downstream of the dam, the receiving electrode is arranged in a reservoir upstream of the dam, the power supply can supply power to the power supply electrode, and the collection device is used to detect the magnetic field strength on the dam, and the collection device comprises a positioning mechanism, a first magnetic sensor, a second magnetic sensor, and a control mechanism, and the positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, and the second magnetic sensor are all signal-connected with the control mechanism, wherein The positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, and the second magnetic sensor are fixedly connected with each other and arranged on the same axis, and the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are arranged in the same way to sense the magnetic field.

3. The apparatus for detecting leakage of a dam according to claim 2, characterized by, The distance between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor is at least 1 m.

4. The apparatus for detecting leakage of a dam according to claim 2, wherein A telescopic rod is arranged between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor, and the telescopic rod is configured to adjust the distance between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor.

5. The apparatus for detecting leakage of embankments according to claim 2, wherein The control mechanism is fixedly arranged between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor.

6. The apparatus for detecting leaks in an embankment of claim 2, wherein, The distance between the first magnetic sensor and the control mechanism is 30 cm to 100 cm, and the distance between the second magnetic sensor and the control mechanism is 30 cm to 100 cm.

7. The apparatus for detecting leaks in an embankment of claim 2, wherein, The positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, the control mechanism, and the second magnetic sensor are fixedly arranged on the same support rod.

8. The apparatus for detecting leaks in a dam of claim 7, wherein, The positioning mechanism, the first magnetic sensor, the control mechanism, and the second magnetic sensor are connected via a non-metallic material.

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