A method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains, comprising: (1) subjecting tobacco leaves of a test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) and a control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 under the same ecological conditions to a dark box test, a baking test and a post-baking test, respectively, to obtain a weighted baking ease score and a weighted baking resistance score of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) compared with the control variety in the dark box test, the baking test and the post-baking test; (2) evaluating the baking characteristics of tobacco leaves at various parts; (3) evaluating the baking characteristics of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line); (4) optimizing the baking process of the control flue-cured tobacco variety based on the comparison of the baking characteristics of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) and the control flue-cured tobacco variety to form a matching baking process for the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line); the present invention can make the yellowing and water loss of tobacco leaves more coordinated during the baking process, the material conversion more complete, and the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves more coordinated after baking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf baking. Background Art

[0002] For the flue-cured tobacco production areas in southwest my country, flue-cured tobacco is one of the most important economic crops in Guizhou Province. Due to the complex ecological and environmental conditions in the mountains, the cultivation of flue-cured tobacco in Guizhou is relatively scattered, and each farmer may grow different varieties (genotypes) of flue-cured tobacco on their scattered land. Some flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) have good baking ease and baking resistance, some flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) have poor baking ease and baking resistance, some flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) have average baking ease and baking resistance, some flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) have good baking ease and medium or deviation baking resistance, and some flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) have medium or deviation baking ease and good baking resistance, etc., which seriously restricts the consistency of the baking characteristics of different flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines). From the current situation, the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) is mainly through dark box tests, the activity of tobacco polyphenol oxidase (PPO) during baking, and the changes in the moisture and chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves during baking, which lacks operability, systematization, scientificity and pertinence. In addition, from the perspective of flue-cured tobacco production across the country, the main flue-cured tobacco varieties (such as Yunyan 87) grown in various flue-cured tobacco production areas are mainly based on conventional three-stage curing and empirical curing, while self-bred and special flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) lack the flexibility, systematization and pertinence of tobacco leaf curing. The curing processes of different varieties (lines) of tobacco leaves in different flue-cured tobacco planting areas in Guizhou are even more diverse. If conventional three-stage curing processes and empirical curing are used, the curing processes of experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) are difficult to match their aging physiology and the inherent needs of material transformation, which can easily cause a certain degree of tobacco leaf curing losses. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the above, the present invention provides a method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, comprising:

[0005] (1) Obtaining test scores

[0006] The tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) and the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 under the same ecological conditions were subjected to dark box test, mid-baking test and post-baking test respectively, and the weighted easy-baking score and weighted baking resistance score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) compared with the control varieties in the dark box test, mid-baking test and post-baking test were determined;

[0007] (2) Evaluation of the curing characteristics of tobacco leaves at different parts

[0008] The flue-curing ease score of each part of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety (line) = the weighted flue-curing ease score of the dark box test + the weighted flue-curing ease score of the flue-curing test + the weighted flue-curing ease score of the flue-curing test;

[0009] The baking resistance score of each part of the tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) = the weighted baking resistance score of the dark box test + the weighted baking resistance score of the post-baking test.

[0010] (3) Evaluation of the curing characteristics of experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines)

[0011] The curing ease of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety (line) = weight A*lower leaf curing ease score+weight B*middle leaf curing ease score+weight C*upper leaf curing ease score;

[0012] The curing resistance of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety (line) = weight A*curing resistance score of the lower leaves + weight B*curing resistance score of the middle leaves + weight C*curing resistance score of the upper leaves.

[0013] (4) Determine the curing process of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines)

[0014] Optimize the curing process by comparing the curing characteristics of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) with those of the control flue-cured tobacco varieties;

[0015] Among them, the baking ease and baking resistance of the control tobacco varieties in the dark box test were assigned 30 points and 40 points respectively, the baking ease of the control tobacco varieties in the baking test was assigned 30 points, and the baking ease and baking resistance of the control tobacco varieties in the post-baking test were assigned 40 points and 60 points respectively. The weight A is 10%, the weight B is 50%, and the weight C is 40%.

[0016] Preferably, in step (1), 3-5 normal tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 and the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) with relatively consistent position, maturity, leaf size, and appearance color are taken, and their ease of curing and curing resistance are judged by dark box test. The weighted average of the time required for the control and test variety (line) tobacco leaves to turn 90% yellow, and the weighted average of the time required from the beginning of browning to 50% browning are calculated;

[0017] The flue-curing ease score of the flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) in the dark box test = 90% yellowing time of the control variety / 90% yellowing time of the test variety (line) × 30;

[0018] The baking resistance score of tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) in the dark box test = the time for the test variety (line) to turn brown to 50% / the time for the control variety to turn brown to 50% × 40.

[0019] Preferably, in step (1), 10-20 normal tobacco leaves of relatively consistent position, maturity, leaf size, and appearance color of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 and the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) are taken, and the baking process operation is performed according to the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking ease of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is judged by the baking test. According to the yellowing area and proportion of the leaves, the yellowing degree (percentage) of 10-20 tobacco leaves at the end of the stable temperature of 38°C during the baking process of the control and test varieties (lines) is counted;

[0020] The score of the ease of curing of the tobacco leaves of the experimental tobacco varieties (lines) during curing = the weighted average value of the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves of the experimental varieties (lines) at the end of the constant temperature of 38°C / the weighted average value of the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves of the control varieties at the end of the constant temperature of 38°C×30.

[0021] Preferably, in step (1), normal tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 and the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) with relatively consistent position, maturity, quality, and appearance color are braided (clamped) into tobacco, with the number of rods (clamps) each being 6, and are hung with a label, and more than 5 rods (clamps) are randomly loaded into the flue-curing room away from the door and the insulation wall of the flue-cured room, and the flue-curing process is performed according to the control flue-cured tobacco variety. After the flue-cured tobacco is cured, the moisture content of the flue-cured tobacco leaves is balanced to 16% to 18%, and then the control and test variety (line) tobacco leaves are classified and weighed;

[0022] The flue-curing ease score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) after curing = the weighted average value of the experimental variety flue-cured tobacco leaves (1-green smoke rate) / the weighted average value of the control variety (line) flue-cured tobacco leaves (1-green smoke rate) × 40;

[0023] Green smoke rate = number of green smoke pieces / total number of leaves; the green smoke rate is mainly calculated by considering green smoke pieces, green vein smoke, floating green smoke, and green-yellow smoke, and does not consider green mark smoke caused by mechanical damage, etc.

[0024] The baking resistance score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) after baking = the weighted average value of the experimental variety of tobacco leaves after baking (1-ash-hanging rate-black dregs rate-baked red rate) / the weighted average value of the control variety (line) after baking (1-ash-hanging rate-black dregs rate-baked red rate) × 60;

[0025] When a single tobacco leaf belongs to two or more categories, it will be included in one of the categories according to the current grading standards and severity, and will not be counted twice.

[0026] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is less than 86, and the baking resistance score is less than 77, then the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) are poorer than those of the control flue-cured tobacco variety; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, shortening the low-temperature yellowing time by 5-15h, increasing the main yellowing temperature by 1-2°C, reducing the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves by 10% to 20% when switching to a new fire, and reducing the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures by 1-2°C when fixing the color at low temperature and low humidity.

[0027] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is less than 86, and the baking resistance score is between 77 and 122, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is poorer than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is equivalent; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) takes the control variety as a reference, prolongs the main yellowing temperature time by 5-15h, and fixes the color at medium humidity.

[0028] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is less than 86, and the baking resistance score is greater than 122, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is poorer than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is better; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, the low-temperature yellowing time is extended by 5-15h, the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves is increased (yellow leaves and blue veins) when switching to a new fire, the wet-bulb temperature during the color fixing period is increased by 0.5-1°C, and the substance conversion time during the color fixing period is extended by 5-10h.

[0029] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is between 86 and 118, and the baking resistance score is less than 77, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is poor; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, and the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves is reduced by 10% to 20% during the fire change, the water loss degree of the tobacco leaves in the initial color fixing stage is increased by 5% to 10%, and the wet-bulb temperature during the color fixing stage is reduced by 1-2°C.

[0030] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is between 86 and 118, and the baking resistance score is between 77 and 122, then the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) are equivalent to those of the control flue-cured tobacco variety; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is carried out according to the baking process of the control variety.

[0031] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is between 86 and 118, and the baking resistance score is greater than 122, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is better; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves is increased (yellow leaves and blue veins) during the fire change, the wet bulb temperature during the color fixing period is increased by 0.5-1°C, and the substance conversion time during the color fixing period is extended by 5-10h.

[0032] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is greater than 118, and the baking resistance score is less than 77, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is better than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is poorer; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, shortening the yellowing period by 5-10 hours, reducing the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves by 10%-20% when switching to another fire, increasing the water loss degree of tobacco leaves in the early stage of color fixing by 5%-10%, and reducing the wet-bulb temperature by 1-2°C during the color fixing period.

[0033] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is greater than 118, and the baking resistance score is between 77 and 122, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is better than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is equivalent; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, shortening the yellowing period by 5-10 hours, and fixing the color at medium humidity.

[0034] Preferably, in step (4), if the baking ease score of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is greater than 118, and the baking resistance score is greater than 122, then the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) are better than those of the control flue-cured tobacco variety; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line) is based on the control variety as a reference, shortening the yellowing time by 5-10 hours, increasing the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves (yellow leaves and blue veins) when switching to a new fire, increasing the wet bulb temperature during the color fixing period by 0.5-1°C, and extending the substance conversion time during the color fixing period by 5-10 hours.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention assigns values ​​to various indicators such as the dark box test (the time when dark box tobacco leaves turn yellow, the time when dark box tobacco leaves turn brown), the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves during baking, the easy baking and baking resistance judgment of tobacco leaves after baking, etc., and comprehensively judges the baking characteristics of the test flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) through a weighted average value, compares the baking characteristics and baking processes of conventional flue-cured tobacco varieties, clarifies the differences between the two in terms of easy baking and baking resistance, and thereby establishes a new baking process for the test flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines).

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0037] 1. The present invention can quantify the threshold value of the tobacco leaf baking characteristics of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines), and the judgment of the baking characteristics of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) is more systematic, accurate and scientific.

[0038] 2. The present invention can make the baking process of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) more targeted, more accurate and scientific, and can formulate baking strategies according to the baking ease and baking resistance of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines), adjust the yellowing time, color fixing time, temperature and humidity parameters, etc., so that the yellowing and water loss of tobacco leaves during the baking process are more coordinated, the material conversion is more complete, and the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves after baking is more coordinated.

[0039] 3. The present invention can make the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) accumulate more aroma substances during the baking process, and the aroma quality of the tobacco leaves after baking is better and the sensory quality is better.

[0040] 4. The present invention can significantly improve the proportion of medium and high-quality tobacco leaves, the proportion of orange-yellow tobacco leaves and the appearance quality of tobacco leaves after flue-cured tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines), and significantly reduce the proportion of green-yellow tobacco leaves and the proportion of flue-cured dregs tobacco leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0042] 1. Dark box test

[0043] Taking Yunyan 87, a flue-cured tobacco variety under the same ecological conditions, as the control, take 3-5 normal tobacco leaves with relatively consistent position, maturity, leaf size, and appearance color of the control and test flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines), and use a dark box test to determine the flue-curing ease and flue-curing resistance of the tobacco leaves under the same dark box test conditions. Calculate the weighted average of the time required for the control and test varieties (lines) to turn 90% yellow, and the weighted average of the time required from the beginning of browning to 50% browning;

[0044] The flue-curing ease score of the flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) in the dark box test = 90% yellowing time of the control variety / 90% yellowing time of the test variety (line) × 30;

[0045] The baking resistance score of tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) in the dark box test = the time for the test variety (line) to turn brown to 50% / the time for the control variety to turn brown to 50% × 40.

[0046] 2. Baking test

[0047] Taking Yunyan 87, a flue-cured tobacco variety under the same ecological conditions, as the control, take 10-20 normal tobacco leaves of relatively consistent position, maturity, leaf size, and appearance color of the control and test flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines), braid (clip) the tobacco and place them in the same position in the flue-curing room, perform the curing process according to the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and use the curing test to judge the curing ease of the test flue-cured tobacco variety (line). According to the yellowing area and proportion of the leaves, the yellowing degree (percentage) of 10-20 tobacco leaves at the end of the 38°C stable temperature during the curing process of the control and test varieties (lines);

[0048] The curing ease score of the tobacco leaves of the experimental tobacco varieties (lines) during curing = the weighted average value of the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves of the experimental varieties (lines) at the end of the constant temperature of 38°C / the weighted average value of the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves of the control varieties at the end of the constant temperature of 38°C×30.

[0049] 3. Post-baking test

[0050] Taking Yunyan 87, a flue-cured tobacco variety under the same ecological conditions as the control, normal tobacco leaves with relatively consistent position, maturity, quality, and appearance color of the control and test flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) were selected for braiding (clipping) of tobacco, with 6 rods (clips) each, and a label was hung. More than 5 rods (clips) were randomly loaded into the flue-curing room away from the door and insulation wall of the flue-cured room, and the curing process was carried out according to the control flue-cured tobacco variety. After the curing is completed, the moisture content of the cured tobacco leaves is balanced to 16% to 18%, and then the control and test tobacco varieties (lines) are classified and weighed;

[0051] The flue-curing ease score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) after curing = the weighted average value of the experimental variety flue-cured tobacco leaves (1-green smoke rate) / the weighted average value of the control variety (line) flue-cured tobacco leaves (1-green smoke rate) × 40;

[0052] Green smoke rate = number of green smoke pieces / total number of leaves; the green smoke rate is mainly calculated by considering green smoke pieces, green vein smoke, floating green smoke, and green-yellow smoke, and does not consider green mark smoke caused by mechanical damage, etc.

[0053] The baking resistance score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) after baking = the weighted average value of the experimental variety of tobacco leaves after baking (1-ash-hanging rate-black dregs rate-baked red rate) / the weighted average value of the control variety (line) after baking (1-ash-hanging rate-black dregs rate-baked red rate) × 60;

[0054] When a single tobacco leaf belongs to two or more categories, it will be included in one of the categories according to the current grading standards and severity, and will not be counted twice.

[0055] 4. Basic operation of the three-stage flue-cured tobacco variety (GB / T 23219-2008)

[0056] Yellowing stage: After loading tobacco, light a small fire to raise the temperature of the curing room to about 35℃, maintain the wet bulb temperature at 33-34℃, and after the leaf tips turn yellow, raise the dry bulb temperature to 38℃ at a rate of 1℃ every 2h, and extend the time to keep the temperature stable, and control the wet bulb temperature at 34-36℃, so that about 80% of the tobacco leaves in the room with thermometers in the curing room will turn 70% to 80% yellow, and the leaves will become soft (water loss is about 30%). Then raise the temperature to 41-42℃, maintain the wet bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and extend the time until the tobacco leaves turn yellow with slightly green veins, withered and collapsed frames, and soft main veins.

[0057] Color fixation period: The dry bulb temperature is first raised to 45-49°C at an average rate of 1°C every 2-3 hours (generally around 45°C for lower leaves, 45-47°C for middle leaves, and 47-49°C for upper leaves) and kept stable for a longer period of time, so that the tobacco leaves and tobacco tendons turn yellow and lose water to reach the small roll, and then the temperature is raised to 54-55°C at a rate of 1°C every 1-2 hours, and the temperature is kept stable for 8-12 hours to achieve leaf drying. As the dry bulb temperature rises, the wet bulb temperature gradually rises and stabilizes at 37-39°C.

[0058] Drying period: Raise the temperature from 54℃ to 65-68℃ at a rate of 1℃ per hour and keep it stable until the tobacco leaves are completely dry. Before the dry-bulb temperature reaches 60℃, keep the wet-bulb temperature at 39-40℃; after 60℃, gradually close the moisture inlet and outlet, reduce the ventilation volume, and keep the wet-bulb temperature at 40-43℃.

[0059] Yunyan 87 is the main flue-cured tobacco variety currently grown in all major tobacco-growing areas. It is mainly cured using the three-stage curing process mentioned above, and is also the curing process used as a reference or adopted by many flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines).

[0060] The dark box test, baking test and post-baking test in the following Examples 1 to 5 were carried out according to the corresponding test methods mentioned above.

[0061] Example 1: A method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step (1), obtaining the test scores of the flue-cured tobacco varieties (lines) for their baking characteristics.

[0063] Dark box test research shows that the baking ease scores of the lower, middle and upper leaves of the flue-cured tobacco variety Honghua Dajinyuan (Hongda) are 25, 23 and 20 respectively, and the baking resistance scores are 29, 32 and 31 respectively; mid-baking test research shows that the baking ease scores of the flue-cured tobacco Hongda are 24, 23 and 22 respectively; post-baking test research shows that the baking ease scores of the flue-cured tobacco variety Hongda are 30, 32 and 32 respectively, and the baking resistance scores are 40, 43 and 42 respectively.

[0064] Step (2), evaluating the baking ease and baking resistance of tobacco leaves in various parts of the red tobacco.

[0065] The lower tobacco leaves had a curing ease score of 79, the middle tobacco leaves had a curing ease score of 78, and the upper tobacco leaves had a curing ease score of 74.

[0066] The baking resistance score of the lower tobacco leaves is 69, the baking resistance score of the middle tobacco leaves is 75, and the baking resistance score of the upper tobacco leaves is 73.

[0067] Step (3), evaluating the baking characteristics of the Hongda flue-cured tobacco variety.

[0068] The Hongda flue-cured tobacco variety has a baking ease score of 76.5 (79*10%+78*50%+74*40%), and a baking resistance score of 75.2 (69*10%+75*50%+77*40%). The Hongda flue-cured tobacco variety has lower baking ease and baking resistance scores than the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, and its baking ease and baking resistance are relatively poor.

[0069] Step (4), formulating the baking process of tobacco leaves from different parts of the Hongda flue-cured tobacco variety.

[0070] Based on the baking characteristics of tobacco leaves from different parts of the Hongda flue-cured tobacco variety and the baking process of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, key baking control technologies were developed. The baking of tobacco leaves from different parts of Hongda should appropriately shorten the low-temperature yellowing time, increase the main yellowing temperature, reduce the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves when switching to low temperature and low humidity to fix the color. The specific operations are as follows:

[0071] Yellowing period: after ignition, raise the temperature to 35-36°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 34-35°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 2-3h; then raise the temperature to 38°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, when the tobacco leaves turn 50% to 60% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 40°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 15-25h, when the tobacco leaves turn 70% to 80% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 42°C at 1°C / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 35-36°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, when the tobacco leaves turn 80% to 90% yellow and fully wither and become soft.

[0072] Color fixing period: Raise the temperature to 44℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 35-36℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h to remove any remaining green on the leaves and curl the leaf tips; then, raise the temperature to 46-48℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 6-10h. The tobacco leaves will lose nearly half of their water; then, raise the temperature to 50-51℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 37-38℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 8-10h. The tobacco leaves will be more than 2 / 3 dry; then, raise the temperature to 53℃ at 1℃ / 2h, wet-bulb temperature at 38-39℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h. The tobacco leaves will be completely dry.

[0073] Drying period: follow the three-stage baking process.

[0074] As shown in Table 1, the method for evaluating the baking characteristics of the flue-cured tobacco variety (series) and the matching baking process is adopted. This technology can significantly improve the proportion of medium and high-quality tobacco, the proportion of orange-yellow tobacco and the appearance quality of the cured tobacco leaves from different parts of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety Hongda (taking the test data of the middle tobacco leaves as an example), significantly reduce the proportion of green-yellow tobacco and the proportion of out-of-grade tobacco, and make the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves more coordinated.

[0075] Table 1 Effects of different baking treatments on the grade structure of red large and medium-sized flue-cured tobacco leaves (%)

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the 5% level.

[0079] Table 2 Effects of different baking treatments on the appearance quality of middle-cured tobacco leaves

[0080]

[0081] Table 3 Effects of different baking treatments on the chemical composition content of middle flue-cured tobacco leaves

[0082]

[0083] Example 2: A method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step (1), obtaining the test score of the curing characteristics of the middle tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco line GZ36.

[0085] The dark box test study showed that the baking ease score of the middle tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco GZ36 was 27, and the baking resistance score was 52; the mid-baking test study showed that the baking ease score of the middle tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco GZ36 was 25; the post-baking test study showed that the baking ease score of the middle tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco variety GZ36 was 36, and the baking resistance score was 72.

[0086] Step (2), evaluating the baking characteristics of GZ36 middle tobacco leaves.

[0087] The flue-curing ease score of the middle tobacco leaves of GZ36 was 88, and the flue-curing resistance score was 124. The flue-curing ease of the middle tobacco leaves of GZ36 was equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, and the flue-curing resistance was better than that of Yunyan 87.

[0088] Step (3), formulating a flue-curing process for the middle tobacco leaves of the GZ36 flue-cured tobacco strain.

[0089] Based on the curing characteristics of the middle tobacco leaves of the GZ36 flue-cured tobacco strain and the curing process of the middle tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, the key control technology for curing the middle tobacco leaves of GZ36 was formulated. The curing of the middle tobacco leaves of GZ36 should appropriately increase the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves, appropriately increase the wet bulb temperature during the color fixation period, and extend the material conversion time during the color fixation period. The specific operations are as follows:

[0090] Yellowing stage: after ignition, raise the temperature to 35-36℃ at 1℃ / h, wet-bulb temperature at 34-35℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 3-5h; then, raise the temperature to 38℃ at 1℃ / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 20-25h, the tobacco leaves will turn 70% to 80% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 40℃ at 1℃ / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, the tobacco leaves will turn 80% to 90% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 42℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, the tobacco leaves will turn yellow with blue veins, shrivel and become soft.

[0091] Color fixing period: Raise the temperature to 45℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 37-38℃, bake at steady temperature for 10-15h, and the leaf tips will be curled; then, raise the temperature to 47-48℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 38-39℃, bake at steady temperature for 10-15h, and roll the tobacco leaves into small rolls; then, raise the temperature to 53-54℃ at 1℃ / 2h, wet-bulb temperature at 39-40℃, bake at steady temperature for 10-15h, and the tobacco leaves will be completely dry.

[0092] Drying period: follow the three-stage baking process.

[0093] As shown in Table 4-5, the method of evaluating the baking characteristics of the flue-cured tobacco variety (line) and the matching baking process can significantly improve the proportion of orange-yellow tobacco, the proportion of upper-medium tobacco and the content of aroma substances in the middle part of the experimental flue-cured tobacco line GZ36.

[0094] Table 4 Effects of different baking treatments on the grade structure of GZ36 middle tobacco leaves (%)

[0095]

[0096] Table 5 Effects of different baking treatments on the aroma component content of middle-cured tobacco leaves (μg / g)

[0097]

[0098] Example 3: A method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, comprising the following steps:

[0099] Step (1), obtaining the test score of the curing characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety K326.

[0100] The dark box test study showed that the baking ease score of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco K326 was 28, and the baking resistance score was 32; the mid-baking test study showed that the baking ease score of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco K326 was 35; the post-baking test study showed that the baking ease score of the upper tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco variety K326 was 36, and the baking resistance score was 42.

[0101] Step (2), evaluating the baking characteristics of the K326 upper tobacco leaves.

[0102] The score of the ease of curing of the upper tobacco leaves of K326 was 99, and the score of the resistance to curing was 74. Therefore, the ease of curing of the upper tobacco leaves of K326 was equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, but the resistance to curing was worse than that of Yunyan 87.

[0103] Step (3), formulating a baking process for the upper tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco variety K326.

[0104] Based on the baking characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves of K326 and the baking process of the upper tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, the key baking control technology is formulated. When the upper tobacco leaves of K326 are baked, the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves is appropriately reduced, the water loss degree of the tobacco leaves in the early stage of color fixing is appropriately increased, and the wet bulb temperature during the color fixing period is appropriately reduced. The specific operations are as follows:

[0105] Yellowing stage: after ignition, raise the temperature to 38°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, when the tobacco leaves will turn 40% to 50% yellow. Then, raise the temperature to 40°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 15-20h, when the tobacco leaves will turn 70% to 80% yellow. Then, raise the temperature to 42°C at 1°C / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-12h, when the tobacco leaves will turn 80% to 90% yellow and fully wither and become soft.

[0106] Color fixing period: Raise the temperature to 44℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 35-36℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 15-18h to remove any remaining green leaves and any curling of leaf tips; then, raise the temperature to 47-48℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h. The tobacco leaves are semi-dry and rolled into small rolls; then, raise the temperature to 53℃ at 1℃ / 2h, wet-bulb temperature at 37-38℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h. The tobacco leaves are completely dry and rolled into large rolls.

[0107] Drying period: follow the three-stage baking process.

[0108] As shown in Table 6, the method of evaluating the baking characteristics of the flue-cured tobacco variety (series) and the matching baking process can significantly increase the proportion of orange-yellow tobacco and upper-medium tobacco, as well as the content of petroleum ether extract in the upper part of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety K326.

[0109] Table 6 Effects of different baking treatments on grade structure and petroleum ether extract content of K326 upper tobacco leaves (%)

[0110]

[0111] Example 4: A method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, comprising the following steps:

[0112] Step (1), obtaining the test score of the baking characteristics of the lower tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco line Guiyan No. 2.

[0113] The dark box test study showed that the baking ease score of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2 was 35, and the baking resistance score was 38; the test study during baking showed that the baking ease score of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2 was 40; the test study after baking showed that the baking ease score of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2 was 49, and the baking resistance score was 58.

[0114] Step (2), evaluating the baking characteristics of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2.

[0115] The flue-curing score of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2 was 122, and the flue-curing resistance score of the lower tobacco leaves was 96. Therefore, the flue-curing ease of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2 was better than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, and the flue-curing resistance was equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87.

[0116] Step (3), formulating a baking process for the lower tobacco leaves of the Guiyan No. 2 flue-cured tobacco strain.

[0117] Based on the baking characteristics of the lower tobacco leaves of the Guiyan No. 2 flue-cured tobacco strain and the baking process of the lower tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, the key baking control technology was developed. The baking of the lower tobacco leaves of the Guiyan No. 2 flue-cured tobacco strain appropriately shortens the yellowing period and fixes the color at medium humidity.

[0118] Yellowing stage: after ignition, raise the temperature to 35-36℃ at 1℃ / h, wet-bulb temperature at 34-35℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 2-3h; then, raise the temperature to 38℃ at 1℃ / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 12-18h, the tobacco leaves will turn 70% to 80% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 40℃ at 1℃ / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 6-10h, the tobacco leaves will turn 80% to 90% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 42℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 8-10h, the tobacco leaves will turn yellow with blue veins and slightly green at the base, and will fully wither and become soft.

[0119] Color fixing period: Raise the temperature to 45℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 37℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h to remove the remaining green leaves and roll the tobacco leaves into small rolls; then, raise the temperature to 48-49℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 38℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h to dry more than 2 / 3 of the leaves; then, raise the temperature to 53℃ at 1℃ / 2h, wet-bulb temperature at 39℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h to dry all the leaves.

[0120] Drying period: follow the three-stage baking process.

[0121] As shown in Table 7, the method of evaluating the baking characteristics of the flue-cured tobacco variety (line) and the matching baking process can significantly increase the proportion of orange-yellow tobacco leaves and the proportion of upper and medium tobacco leaves in the lower part of the experimental flue-cured tobacco line Guiyan No. 2.

[0122] Table 7 Effects of different baking treatments on the grade structure of the lower tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 2 (%)

[0123]

[0124] Example 5: A method for constructing a flue-cured tobacco variety (line) baking characteristic evaluation and a matching baking process, comprising the following steps:

[0125] Step (1), obtaining the test score of the baking characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety Guiyan No. 1.

[0126] The dark box test study showed that the baking ease score of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1 was 42, and the baking resistance score was 28; the mid-baking test study showed that the baking ease score of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1 was 45; the post-baking test study showed that the baking ease score of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1 was 40, and the baking resistance score was 41.

[0127] Step (2), evaluating the baking characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1.

[0128] The flue-curing score of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1 was 127, and the flue-curing resistance score was 69. Therefore, the flue-curing ease of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1 was better than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, but the flue-curing resistance was worse than that of Yunyan 87.

[0129] Step (3), formulating a baking process for the upper tobacco leaves of the Guiyan No. 1 flue-cured tobacco variety.

[0130] Based on the baking characteristics of the upper tobacco leaves of the Guiyan No. 1 flue-cured tobacco variety and the baking process of the upper tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87, key baking control technologies were developed. The baking of the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1 should appropriately shorten the yellowing period, appropriately reduce the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves when switching to fire, appropriately increase the water loss degree of the tobacco leaves in the early stage of color fixing, and appropriately reduce the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures in the early stage of color fixing. The specific operations are as follows:

[0131] Yellowing stage: after ignition, raise the temperature to 38°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, the leaves will turn 40% to 60% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 40°C at 1°C / h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 15-20h, the leaves will turn 70% to 80% yellow; then, raise the temperature to 42°C at 1°C / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 36-37°C, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h, the leaves will turn 80% to 90% yellow (blue veins, slightly green at the base of the leaves, a little green on the leaves), and fully wither and become soft.

[0132] Color fixing period: Raise the temperature to 44℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 35-36℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 15-20h to remove any remaining green on the leaves and any curling of the leaf tips; then, raise the temperature to 48℃ at 1℃ / 3h, wet-bulb temperature at 37-38℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h to roll the tobacco leaves into small rolls; then, raise the temperature to 53℃ at 1℃ / 2h, wet-bulb temperature at 38-39℃, and bake at a steady temperature for 10-15h to completely dry the tobacco leaves.

[0133] Drying period: follow the three-stage baking process.

[0134] As shown in Table 8, the method of evaluating the baking characteristics of the flue-cured tobacco variety (line) and the matching baking process was used. This technology can significantly improve the grade structure and aroma substance content of the upper post-baking tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety Guiyan No. 1.

[0135] Table 8 Effects of different baking treatments on the grade structure and total amount of aroma substances in the upper tobacco leaves of Guiyan No. 1

[0136]

[0137] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains, characterized in that: include: (1) Obtaining test scores The tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains and the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 under the same ecological conditions were subjected to dark box test, mid-curing test and post-curing test respectively, and the weighted curing ease score and weighted curing resistance score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains compared with the control flue-cured tobacco varieties in the dark box test, mid-curing test and post-curing test were determined; (2) Evaluation of the baking characteristics of tobacco leaves at different parts The flue-curing ease score of each part of the tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains = the weighted flue-curing ease score of the dark box test + the weighted flue-curing ease score of the flue-curing test + the weighted flue-curing ease score of the flue-curing test; The baking resistance score of each part of the tobacco leaves of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains = the weighted baking resistance score of the dark box test + the weighted baking resistance score of the post-baking test; (3) Evaluation of the baking characteristics of experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains The curing ease of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety or strain = weight A*the curing ease score of the lower leaves + weight B*the curing ease score of the middle leaves + weight C*the curing ease score of the upper leaves; The curing resistance of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety or strain = weight A*curing resistance score of the lower leaves + weight B*curing resistance score of the middle leaves + weight C*curing resistance score of the upper leaves; (4) Determine the curing process of the experimental flue-cured tobacco variety or strain Optimize the curing process by comparing the curing characteristics of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains with the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87; Among them, the dark box test was used to control the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco varieties, and the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco varieties were assigned 30 points and 40 points respectively. The baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco varieties in the baking test were assigned 30 points, and the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the flue-cured tobacco varieties in the post-baking test were assigned 40 points and 60 points respectively. The weight A is 10%, the weight B is 50%, and the weight C is 40%; In step (1), normal tobacco leaves of the control and test flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains with relatively consistent positions, maturity, quality, and appearance colors are braided or sandwiched, with the number of rods or sandwiches being 6, and are hung with labels. More than 5 rods or sandwiches are randomly loaded into the flue-curing room away from the door and insulation wall of the flue-cured room, and the flue-curing process is performed according to the control flue-cured tobacco variety; after the flue-cured tobacco leaves are cured, the moisture content is balanced to 16% to 18%, and then the tobacco leaves are classified and weighed; The flue-curing ease score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains after curing = the weighted average value of (1-the green smoke rate of the experimental varieties after curing) / (1-the weighted average value of the green smoke rate of the control varieties or strains after curing) × 40; Green smoke rate = number of green smoke pieces / total number of leaves; when calculating the green smoke rate, green smoke pieces, green vein smoke, floating green smoke, and green-yellow smoke are taken into account, but green mark smoke caused by mechanical damage is not taken into account; The baking resistance score of the experimental flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains after baking = the weighted average of (1-the ash-hanging rate of the experimental tobacco leaves after baking-the black slag rate of the experimental tobacco leaves after baking-the red smoke rate of the experimental tobacco leaves after baking) / (1-the ash-hanging rate of the control tobacco varieties or strains after baking-the black slag rate of the control tobacco varieties or strains after baking-the red smoke rate of the control tobacco varieties or strains after baking) × 60; When a single tobacco leaf belongs to more than two categories, it will be included in one of the categories according to the current grading standards and severity, and will not be counted repeatedly.

2. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), 3-5 normal tobacco leaves of the control flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 and the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain with relatively consistent position, maturity, leaf size, and appearance color are taken, and the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves under the same dark box test conditions are determined by dark box test; the weighted average of the time required for the control and test tobacco varieties or strains to turn 90% yellow, and the weighted average of the time required from the beginning of browning to 50% browning are calculated; The flue-curing ease score of the flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains in the dark box test = 90% yellowing time of the control variety / 90% yellowing time of the test variety or strain × 30; The baking resistance score of tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains in the dark box test = the time for the test variety or strain to turn 50% brown / the time for the control variety to turn 50% brown × 40.

3. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), 10-20 normal tobacco leaves of the control and test tobacco varieties or strains with relatively consistent positions, maturity, leaf sizes, and appearance colors are taken, braided or sandwiched, and placed in the same position in the flue-curing room. The flue-curing process is performed according to the control flue-cured tobacco variety to determine the flue-curing ease of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain during the flue-curing process; the yellowing degree of the 10-20 tobacco leaves of the control and test tobacco varieties or strains at the end of the 38°C stable temperature during the flue-curing process is calculated according to the yellowing area and proportion of the leaves; The score of the ease of curing of tobacco leaves of the test varieties or strains during curing = the weighted average value of the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves of the test varieties or strains at the end of the constant temperature of 38℃ / the weighted average value of the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves of the control varieties at the end of the constant temperature of 38℃×30.

4. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), if the baking ease score of tobacco leaves of different parts of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is less than 86, and the baking resistance score is less than 77, then the baking ease and baking resistance of tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain are poorer than those of the control flue-cured tobacco variety; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is based on the control variety as a reference, shortening the low-temperature yellowing time by 5-15h, increasing the main yellowing temperature by 1-2°C, reducing the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves by 10%-20% when switching to a new fire, and reducing the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures by 1-2°C when fixing the color at low temperature and low humidity.

5. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), if the baking ease score of tobacco leaves of different parts of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is less than 86, and the baking resistance score is between 77 and 122, then the baking ease of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is poor, and the baking resistance is equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is based on the control variety as a reference, prolonging the main yellowing temperature time by 5-15h, and medium-humidity color fixation.

6. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), if the baking ease score of tobacco leaves of different parts of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is less than 86, and the baking resistance score is greater than 122, then the baking ease of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is poorer than that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is better; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is based on the control variety as a reference, prolonging the low-temperature yellowing time by 5-15 hours, increasing the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves to the state of yellow leaves and blue veins when switching to fire, increasing the wet bulb temperature during the color fixing period by 0.5-1°C, and prolonging the material conversion time during the color fixing period by 5-10 hours.

7. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), if the baking ease scores of tobacco leaves of different parts of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain are between 86 and 118, and the baking resistance scores are less than 77, then the baking ease of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is poor; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is based on the control variety as a reference, and the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves is reduced by 10% to 20% during the fire change, the water loss degree of tobacco leaves in the early stage of color fixing is increased by 5% to 10%, and the wet bulb temperature during the color fixing period is reduced by 1-2°C.

8. The method for constructing a matching flue-cured tobacco baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), if the baking ease scores of tobacco leaves of different parts of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain are between 86 and 118, and the baking resistance scores are between 77 and 122, then the baking ease and baking resistance of the tobacco leaves of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain are equivalent to those of the control flue-cured tobacco variety; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is based on the baking process of the control variety.

9. The method for constructing a matching baking process based on the evaluation of the baking characteristics of flue-cured tobacco varieties or strains according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), if the baking ease scores of tobacco leaves of different parts of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain are between 86 and 118, and the baking resistance scores are greater than 122, then the baking ease of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is equivalent to that of the control flue-cured tobacco variety, and the baking resistance is good; the baking process of the test flue-cured tobacco variety or strain is based on the control variety as a reference, and the yellowing degree of the tobacco leaves is increased to the state of yellow leaves and blue veins during the fire change, the wet bulb temperature during the color fixing period is increased by 0.5-1°C, and the substance conversion time during the color fixing period is extended by 5-10h.

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