A method for forming hollow carbon electrodes, a forming module, and a special mandrel for forming.
By adopting a solid-structure special mandrel and mold assembly, the problems of difficult demolding and insufficient strength of carbon electrodes were solved, making demolding easier and improving the strength of carbon electrodes, thus avoiding product scrap and economic losses.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGXIA YONGWEI CARBON IND
- Filing Date
- 2022-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, when steel pipes are used as the forming mold for the pre-formed center hole of carbon electrodes, there are problems such as difficulty in demolding, easy damage to the carbon electrodes, and decreased strength, resulting in product scrap and economic losses.
The special mandrel with a solid structure includes a lifting section, a demolding section, and an installation and positioning section. The demolding section has an incline and gradually narrows, while the installation and positioning section is truncated cone-shaped and made of 40Gr or stainless steel. Combined with the lifting mechanism and the mold barrel, it facilitates demolding and improves the strength of the carbon electrode.
This technology facilitates easy demolding of carbon electrodes, avoids product scrap, improves the strength of the male end of the carbon electrode, prevents breakage due to insufficient strength, and reduces economic losses.
Smart Images
Figure CN115782283B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of hollow carbon electrode forming technology, and in particular to a hollow carbon electrode forming method, forming module and special mandrel for forming. Background Technology
[0002] One manufacturing process for carbon electrodes involves creating hollow carbon electrodes, meaning the electrodes have a central hole. This is to release stress during the forming and baking processes, particularly shortening the heat conduction distance and facilitating gas escape during baking. This reduces the risk of prolonged baking time and internal cracking caused by gas evacuation difficulties. The central hole is pre-formed during the forming process, typically using a shaft as a mold.
[0003] In existing technology, a polished steel pipe is usually used as a die for prefabricating the center hole of a carbon electrode. The disadvantages are: 1) Although the steel pipe is polished, the lack of a draft angle makes demolding between the steel pipe and the carbon electrode difficult; 2) The steel pipe is prone to rust, and the increased friction during demolding due to rust makes demolding difficult; 3) The hollow structure of the steel pipe makes it prone to local deformation, and the deformed part of the steel pipe and the center hole of the carbon electrode can easily form a stress dead point, making demolding difficult; 4) The steel pipe is prone to overall bending deformation, making demolding difficult; 5) Because the outer diameter of the steel pipe is uniform, the large diameter of the center hole at the male end of the carbon electrode makes the sidewall of the male end of the carbon electrode thinner, resulting in decreased strength.
[0004] The above reasons will cause the following problems: 1) The steel pipe and carbon electrode are tightly bonded, making demolding difficult and resulting in product scrap; 2) When demolding the steel pipe and carbon electrode, the end of the central hole of the carbon electrode is damaged, resulting in product scrap; 3) The central hole is too large, causing the strength of the male end of the carbon electrode to not reach the service limit, making the male end of the carbon electrode prone to breakage during use, which will affect the smelting in the electric arc furnace. Loss assessment: Calculated on a per-product basis, the direct loss of this process (hollow carbon electrode forming) totals RMB 8,000 to RMB 10,000; the loss of the subsequent process (hollow carbon electrode roasting process) will be RMB 50,000 to RMB 100,000; the loss caused by the breakage of hollow carbon electrodes at the customer end is even greater, often ranging from hundreds of thousands to millions of RMB. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to address the problems in the existing technology where, during the molding process of using steel pipes as the center hole for carbon electrode preformation, there are difficulties in demolding, the carbon electrode is easily damaged, resulting in product scrap, and the strength of the male end of the carbon electrode deteriorates, leading to easy breakage of the male end during use and causing serious economic losses. A hollow carbon electrode molding method, molding module, and special mandrel for molding are provided to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology.
[0006] A special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes is disclosed. The mandrel can be suspended by a lifting mechanism and installed and positioned in a mounting positioning hole at the bottom of a mold barrel. The mandrel has a solid structure and includes a lifting section, a demolding section, and a mounting positioning section connected in sequence. The lifting section has a locking groove, and the lifting mechanism can engage with the locking groove for lifting. The demolding section has a first slope, and its outer diameter gradually decreases in the direction from the lifting section towards the mounting positioning section. The mounting positioning section is shaped like a frustum of a cone and has a second slope, extending from the end of the demolding section away from the lifting section in a direction away from the lifting section. The second slope is greater than the first slope. The mounting positioning section can be inserted and positioned with the mounting positioning hole. The mandrel is made of 40Cr or stainless steel.
[0007] Preferably, in the above-mentioned special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes, the demolding section includes a first section and a second section connected together. The end of the first section opposite to the second section is connected to the hoisting section, and the end of the second section opposite to the first section is connected to the installation and positioning section. The slope of the second section is greater than the slope of the first section, and the slope of the second section is greater than the slope of the second section.
[0008] Preferably, the above-mentioned special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes further includes a plug and a screw. The first section has two threaded holes symmetrically opened at one end opposite to the second section. Both the plug and the screw can be threaded into the threaded holes. When the plug is threaded into the threaded hole, the outer surface of the plug is flush and smooth with the outer surface of the demolding section.
[0009] A hollow carbon electrode forming module includes a hoisting mechanism, a mold barrel, an upper pressure head assembly, and a special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes as described above. The hoisting mechanism can be hoisted and engaged with the locking groove. The bottom of the mold barrel has an installation positioning hole, and the installation positioning section can be inserted and positioned into the installation positioning hole. The upper pressure head assembly includes a top cover, a drive rod, and a pressure plate. The top cover has a first through hole, and the drive rod slides and seals with the first through hole. One end of the drive rod is connected to the pressure plate, and the two have a through hole. The top cover can be sealed to the port of the mold barrel. When the top cover is sealed to the port of the mold barrel, the special mandrel is installed in the installation positioning hole, the pressure plate is located inside the mold barrel and contacts the inner wall of the mold barrel, the special mandrel slides and guides with the second through hole, and the drive rod drives the pressure plate to move along the special mandrel.
[0010] Preferably, the hollow carbon electrode forming module further includes a core support frame. When the dedicated mandrel is installed in the mounting and positioning hole, the core support frame is installed at the port of the mold barrel and is positioned and engaged with the dedicated mandrel.
[0011] Preferably, in the hollow carbon electrode forming module described above, the mold barrel includes a barrel body and a bottom cover. The barrel body and the bottom cover are detachably connected. When the barrel body and the bottom cover are connected, the bottom cover is located inside the barrel body and is sealed to the inner wall of the barrel body.
[0012] A method for forming a hollow carbon electrode, applied to a hollow carbon electrode forming module as described above, the method comprising:
[0013] S10. The special mandrel is lifted by the hoisting mechanism and moved into the mold barrel, and the mounting positioning section is inserted and positioned with the mounting positioning hole;
[0014] S20. The hoisting mechanism is separated from the locking groove to remove the hoisting mechanism, and the production paste is introduced into the mold barrel;
[0015] S30. The upper cover is sealed to the port of the mold barrel, and the second through hole is aligned with the special mandrel. The drive rod drives the pressing plate to move along the special mandrel to compress the production paste.
[0016] S40. Separate the upper cover from the mold barrel, lift and remove the upper pressure head assembly, and lift the special mandrel from the mold barrel through the hoisting mechanism and move it outside the mold barrel;
[0017] S50. Demold the product inside the mold barrel and obtain a hollow carbon electrode after a baking process.
[0018] Preferably, in the above-described hollow carbon electrode forming method, in step S40, if the dedicated mandrel is jammed with the second perforation:
[0019] Separate the top cover from the mold barrel body, and lift the upper pressure head assembly a certain distance. The special mandrel is lifted along with the upper pressure head assembly so that the part where the threaded hole is located is outside the mold barrel body.
[0020] Remove the plug and install the screw. Drive the screw to move the special mandrel away from the upper pressure head assembly, so that the special mandrel is separated from the second through hole and the upper pressure head assembly is removed.
[0021] The special mandrel is lifted from inside the mold barrel by the hoisting mechanism and moved outside the mold barrel.
[0022] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for forming a hollow carbon electrode, the method further includes the following steps after step S10 and before step S20:
[0023] The core support frame is installed at the port of the mold barrel so that the core support frame is positioned and engaged with the special core shaft.
[0024] The method further includes the following steps after step S20 and before step S30:
[0025] Disassemble and remove the support frame.
[0026] Preferably, in the above-mentioned hollow carbon electrode forming method, step S30 includes:
[0027] The top cover is sealed to the port of the mold barrel, and the second perforation is aligned with the special mandrel. The mold barrel is vibrated to vibrate the production paste, and a vacuum is drawn into the mold barrel. The drive rod drives the pressing plate to move along the special mandrel to compress the production paste.
[0028] The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:
[0029] The hollow carbon electrode forming method, forming module, and special mandrel disclosed in this application embodiment utilize a solid mandrel with high overall bending strength, making it resistant to deformation and preventing localized deformation. This avoids the formation of stress dead points between the deformed parts of the mandrel and the central hole of the hollow carbon electrode, which could lead to difficulties in demolding the mandrel and the hollow carbon electrode. Furthermore, it prevents overall bending deformation of the mandrel, which could also cause demolding difficulties. The mandrel is made of 40Cr or stainless steel, which is resistant to rust, thus preventing increased friction during demolding and ensuring proper demolding. The demolding section has a first draft angle, which facilitates demolding of the dedicated mandrel from the shaped production paste. Because the outer diameter of the demolding section gradually decreases, the diameter of the central hole at the male end of the hollow carbon electrode is smaller, resulting in a thicker sidewall at the male end. This effectively reduces the impact of the central hole on the strength of the male end, thus increasing its strength and preventing breakage during use, avoiding the impact of smelting in an electric arc furnace. Simultaneously, the second draft angle is greater than the first, making the draft angle of the mounting and positioning section greater than that of the demolding section, and its outer diameter smaller. During demolding, the outer surface of the mounting and positioning section will not contact the inner wall of the central hole, facilitating demolding and preventing the mounting and positioning section from damaging the inner wall of the central hole end, thus rendering the hollow carbon electrode unusable. It is evident that using a dedicated mandrel as the die for forming the center hole of the hollow carbon electrode makes demolding easy, and the hollow carbon electrode will not be damaged by pulling, thus avoiding product scrap. Furthermore, the male end of the hollow carbon electrode has high strength, preventing the male end from easily breaking during use and avoiding serious economic losses. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes disclosed in an embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism disclosed in this application hoisting a special mandrel;
[0032] Figures 3 to 15 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow carbon electrode forming method disclosed in the embodiments of this application.
[0033] The components include: a special mandrel 100, a hoisting section 110, a locking groove 111, a demolding section 120, a threaded hole 121, a first section 122, a second section 123, an installation and positioning section 130, a hoisting mechanism 200, a mold barrel 300, an installation and positioning hole 310, a barrel 320, a bottom cover 330, an upper pressure head assembly 400, an upper cover 410, a first through hole 411, a drive rod 420, a pressure plate 430, a second through hole 440, and a core support frame 500. Detailed Implementation
[0034] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.
[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "end," "top," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 to 15 This application discloses a special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes. The special mandrel 100 can be hoisted by a hoisting mechanism 200, that is, the hoisting mechanism 200 can lift the special mandrel 100 to move it. In use, the special mandrel 100 can be installed and positioned in the mounting positioning hole 310 at the bottom of the mold barrel 300. The mold barrel 300 is a mold for preparing hollow carbon electrodes and holds the production paste used to prepare hollow carbon electrodes. The production paste is introduced into the mold barrel 300 and shaped by compression, vibration and other operations. The special mandrel 100 installed and positioned in the mounting positioning hole 310 at the bottom of the mold barrel 300 is demolded from the shaped production paste, forming a central hole in the shaped production paste, thereby obtaining a hollow carbon electrode.
[0038] The dedicated mandrel 100 is made of 40Gr or stainless steel and has a solid structure, resulting in high overall bending strength and resistance to deformation. It is also designed to prevent localized deformation, thus avoiding the formation of stress dead points between the deformed parts of the mandrel 100 and the central hole of the hollow carbon electrode, which could lead to difficulties in demolding. Furthermore, it prevents overall bending deformation of the mandrel 100, which could also cause demolding difficulties. Additionally, the 40Gr or stainless steel material of the mandrel 100 is rust-resistant, preventing increased friction during demolding due to surface rust and thus avoiding demolding difficulties.
[0039] The dedicated mandrel 100 includes a lifting section 110, a demolding section 120, and an installation and positioning section 130 connected in sequence. The lifting section 110 is the demolding lifting and movable section; the demolding section 120 is the effective length section of the hollow carbon electrode and is used to form the center hole of the hollow carbon electrode; the installation and positioning section 130 is used to install the dedicated mandrel 100 into the mold barrel 300. The lifting section 110 has a locking groove 111, and the lifting mechanism 200 can cooperate with the locking groove 111 for lifting. The lifting mechanism 200 and the locking groove 111 are locked in a recessed manner, preventing slippage when the lifting mechanism 200 lifts the dedicated mandrel 100. The demolding section 120 has a first slope, meaning that the outer diameter of the demolding section 120 gradually decreases in the direction from the lifting section 110 towards the installation and positioning section 130, which facilitates the demolding of the dedicated mandrel 100 from the shaped production paste. Meanwhile, the hollow carbon electrode corresponding to the end of the demolding section 120 that is away from the hoisting section 110 is the male end. Since the outer diameter of the demolding section 120 gradually decreases, the diameter of the central hole of the male end of the hollow carbon electrode is smaller, so that the side wall of the male end of the hollow carbon electrode is thicker. This can effectively reduce the influence of the central hole on the strength of the male end of the hollow carbon electrode, thereby making the male end of the hollow carbon electrode stronger.
[0040] The mounting and positioning section 130 is shaped like a frustum of a cone and has a second slope. The mounting and positioning section 130 extends from the end of the demolding section 120 away from the lifting section 110 in the direction away from the lifting section 110, and its outer diameter gradually decreases. The mounting and positioning section 130 can be inserted and positioned with the mounting and positioning hole 310 so that the special mandrel 100 can be installed and positioned in the mounting and positioning hole 310 at the bottom of the mold barrel 300, preventing the special mandrel 100 from tilting or moving during the production process. At the same time, the second slope is greater than the first slope, so that the slope of the mounting and positioning section 130 is greater than the slope of the demolding section 120, and the outer diameter is smaller. During demolding, the outer surface of the mounting and positioning section 130 will not contact the inner wall of the central hole, which is conducive to demolding and avoids the mounting and positioning section 130 from scratching the inner wall of the end of the central hole, causing the hollow carbon electrode to be scrapped.
[0041] In the hollow carbon electrode molding mandrel disclosed in this application embodiment, the mandrel 100 adopts a solid structure, which has high overall bending strength, is not easily deformed, and will not undergo local deformation. This avoids the formation of stress dead points between the deformed parts of the mandrel 100 and the central hole of the hollow carbon electrode, which could cause difficulties in demolding the mandrel 100 from the hollow carbon electrode. Furthermore, it avoids overall bending deformation of the mandrel 100, which could also cause demolding difficulties. The mandrel 100 is made of 40Cr or stainless steel. 40Cr or stainless steel mandrels are not prone to rust, thus preventing increased friction during demolding due to surface rust, which could lead to demolding difficulties. The demolding section 120 has a first draft angle, which facilitates demolding of the dedicated mandrel 100 from the shaped production paste. Furthermore, because the outer diameter of the demolding section 120 gradually decreases, the diameter of the central hole at the male end of the hollow carbon electrode is smaller, resulting in a thicker sidewall at the male end. This effectively reduces the impact of the central hole on the strength of the male end, thus increasing its strength and preventing breakage during use, avoiding the impact of smelting in the electric arc furnace. Simultaneously, the second draft angle is greater than the first, making the draft angle of the mounting and positioning section 130 greater than that of the demolding section 120, and its outer diameter smaller. During demolding, the outer surface of the mounting and positioning section 130 will not contact the inner wall of the central hole, facilitating demolding and preventing the mounting and positioning section 130 from damaging the inner wall of the central hole end, thus scrapping the hollow carbon electrode. It is evident that using a dedicated mandrel 100 as the die for forming the center hole of the hollow carbon electrode makes demolding easy, and the hollow carbon electrode will not be damaged by pulling, thus avoiding product scrap. Furthermore, the male end of the hollow carbon electrode has high strength, preventing the male end from easily breaking during use and avoiding serious economic losses.
[0042] Furthermore, the demolding section 120 may include a first section 122 and a second section 123 connected together. The end of the first section 122 facing away from the second section 123 is connected to the hoisting section 110, and the end of the second section 123 facing away from the first section 122 is connected to the installation and positioning section 130. The slope of the second section 123 is greater than that of the first section 122, and the second slope is greater than that of the second section 123. The larger slope of the second section 123 allows for a larger taper at the male end of the hollow carbon electrode in the demolding section 120. This results in a smaller central hole at the male end, thus increasing the strength of the male end of the hollow carbon electrode. Simultaneously, the larger slope of the second section 123 also facilitates demolding, preventing internal damage to the hollow carbon electrode caused by demolding difficulties. Specifically, the slope of the first section 122 can be 1:140 to 1:160, the slope of the second section 123 can be 1:40 to 1:60, and the second slope can be 1:10 to 1:20.
[0043] The production paste is fed into the mold barrel 300, where it is compressed by the upper pressure head assembly 400 to set its shape. Due to the plastic fluidity of the production paste, finer particles are squeezed into the second perforation 440 during compression. When this amount reaches a certain level and solidifies, it jams the special mandrel 100 within the second perforation 440 of the upper pressure head assembly 400. This means that when the upper pressure head assembly 400 is lifted, the special mandrel 100 is also lifted simultaneously, which is unacceptable. Furthermore, because the special mandrel 100 has a downward slope and a relatively smooth surface, it is difficult to remove. The surface of the molded part 100 must be smooth to facilitate demolding. External mechanical clamps cannot be used to hold the special mandrel 100 and pull it down. Furthermore, due to the limited lifting height of the upper pressure head assembly 400, the entire special mandrel 100 cannot be lifted to complete demolding directly. The entire upper pressure head assembly 400 must be disassembled first to remove the special mandrel 100. Then, the special mandrel 100 is lifted by the hoisting mechanism 200 to complete demolding. The process of disassembling the entire upper pressure head assembly 400 to remove the special mandrel 100 is time-consuming and laborious, delaying the demolding of the shaped production paste from the mold barrel 300, causing delays in the demolding of the shaped production paste, and resulting in product quality problems.
[0044] Based on this, in an optional embodiment, the special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes disclosed in this application may further include a plug and a screw. The first segment 122 has two threaded holes 121 symmetrically opened at one end opposite to the second segment 123. Both the plug and the screw can be threaded into the threaded holes 121. When the plug is threaded into the threaded hole 121, the outer surface of the plug is flush with and smooth with the outer surface of the demolding segment 120. During normal use, the plug is threaded into the threaded hole 121. Since the outer surface of the plug is flush and smooth with the outer surface of the demolding section 120, it does not affect demolding. When the special mandrel 100 is stuck in the second through hole 440 of the upper pressure head assembly 400, the upper pressure head assembly 400 is first lifted a certain distance. At this time, the plug is located outside the mold barrel 300. Then, the plug is removed and replaced with a screw. The purpose is to establish a force point. The screw is driven downward by external force to drive the special mandrel 100 to be unloaded from the second through hole 440. This facilitates the quick removal of the special mandrel 100. The removed special mandrel 100 falls into the formed center hole. Then, the special mandrel 100 is lifted by the lifting mechanism 200 to complete the demolding. This avoids the delay in demolding the shaped production paste from the mold barrel 300 caused by the need to disassemble the entire upper pressure head assembly 400 to remove the special mandrel 100, which could lead to product quality problems and significant economic losses.
[0045] This application also discloses a hollow carbon electrode forming module, including a hoisting mechanism 200, a mold barrel 300, an upper pressure head assembly 400, and a special mandrel 100 for forming hollow carbon electrodes, wherein:
[0046] The hoisting mechanism 200 can be hoisted and engaged with the locking groove 111. The bottom of the mold barrel 300 is provided with a mounting positioning hole 310. The mounting positioning section 130 can be inserted and positioned into the mounting positioning hole 310. The upper pressure head assembly 400 includes an upper cover 410, a drive rod 420, and a pressure plate 430. The upper cover 410 is provided with a first through hole 411. The drive rod 420 slides and seals with the first through hole 411. One end of the drive rod 420 is connected to the pressure plate 430, and both are provided with... There is a through second perforation 440, and the upper cover 410 can be sealed to the port of the mold barrel 300. When the upper cover 410 is sealed to the port of the mold barrel 300, the special mandrel 100 is installed in the mounting positioning hole 310, the pressure plate 430 is located inside the mold barrel 300 and contacts the inner wall of the mold barrel 300. The special mandrel 100 is slidably guided to the second perforation 440, and the drive rod 420 drives the pressure plate 430 to move along the special mandrel 100.
[0047] In practical use, the special mandrel 100 is first lifted by the lifting mechanism 200 and moved into the mold barrel 300. The mounting positioning section 130 is then inserted and positioned with the mounting positioning hole 310 to install the special mandrel 100 into the mold barrel 300. The lifting mechanism 200 is then removed, and the production paste is introduced into the mold barrel 300. The upper cover 410 is then sealed to the port of the mold barrel 300, with the second through hole 440 aligned with the special mandrel 100. The drive rod 420 drives the pressing plate 430 along the special mandrel 100. The mandrel 100 is moved to compress the production paste, thus shaping it. After shaping, the upper pressure head assembly 400 is lifted and removed. The dedicated mandrel 100 is then lifted from inside the mold barrel 300 by the hoisting mechanism 200 and moved outside the mold barrel 300. The shaped production paste forms a central hole. Finally, the shaped production paste with the central hole is removed from the mold barrel 300 to demold it. After a firing process, a hollow carbon electrode is obtained. This process for producing hollow carbon electrodes is simple, straightforward, and easy to operate. The use of a dedicated mandrel 100 as the mold for pre-forming the central hole in the hollow carbon electrode facilitates demolding and prevents the hollow carbon electrode from being damaged, thus avoiding product scrap. Furthermore, the male end of the hollow carbon electrode has high strength, preventing breakage during use and avoiding significant economic losses.
[0048] As described above, after the dedicated mandrel 100 is installed into the mold barrel 300 by the lifting mechanism 200, the lifting mechanism 200 is removed, and the production paste is introduced into the mold barrel 300. During the process of introducing the production paste into the mold barrel 300, the production paste will impact and tilt the dedicated mandrel 100, causing the center hole of the hollow carbon electrode to be off-center or tilted, and making it difficult to demold the tilted dedicated mandrel 100. Based on this, in an optional embodiment, the hollow carbon electrode molding module disclosed in this application may further include a mandrel support frame 500. When the dedicated mandrel 100 is installed in the mounting positioning hole 310, the mandrel support frame 500 is installed at the port of the mold barrel 300 and is positioned and engaged with the dedicated mandrel 100. After the special mandrel 100 is installed into the mold barrel 300 by the hoisting mechanism 200, the mandrel support frame 500 is installed at the port of the mold barrel 300, and then the hoisting mechanism 200 is removed. The production paste is then introduced into the mold barrel 300. At this time, under the action of the mandrel support frame 500, the special mandrel 100 will not tilt. This avoids the production paste impacting and tilting the special mandrel 100 during the process of introducing the production paste into the mold barrel 300, thereby avoiding the central hole of the hollow carbon electrode being eccentric or tilted, and avoiding the difficulty of demolding the special mandrel 100 due to tilting.
[0049] To facilitate the removal of the molded production paste with a central hole from the mold barrel 300, and to allow for demolding of the molded production paste with a central hole from the mold barrel 300, the mold barrel 300 may optionally include a barrel body 320 and a bottom cover 330. The barrel body 320 and the bottom cover 330 are detachably connected. When the barrel body 320 and the bottom cover 330 are connected, the bottom cover 330 is located inside the barrel body 320 and is sealed to the inner wall of the barrel body 320. When it is necessary to remove the molded production paste with a central hole from the mold barrel 300, the barrel body 320 and the bottom cover 330 are disassembled, and the molded production paste with a central hole is pushed out from one end of the barrel body 320. After removal, the barrel body 320 and the bottom cover 330 are reinstalled to facilitate the production of the next hollow carbon electrode.
[0050] This application also discloses a hollow carbon electrode forming method, applied to a hollow carbon electrode forming module as described in any of the above embodiments. The hollow carbon electrode forming method includes:
[0051] S10. The special mandrel 100 is lifted by the hoisting mechanism 200 and moved into the mold barrel 300, and the installation positioning section 130 is inserted and positioned with the installation positioning hole 310.
[0052] S20. The lifting mechanism 200 is separated from the locking groove 111 to remove the lifting mechanism 200 and the production paste is introduced into the mold barrel 300;
[0053] S30. The upper cover 410 is sealed and connected to the port of the mold barrel 300, and the second through hole 440 is aligned with the special mandrel 100. The drive rod 420 drives the pressing plate 430 to move along the special mandrel 100 to compress the production paste.
[0054] Since the dedicated mandrel 100 can slide and guide with the second perforation 440, during the process of the drive rod 420 driving the tablet 430 to compress and produce paste, the dedicated mandrel 100 moves within the second perforation 440 to ensure that the tablet 430 is not affected.
[0055] S40. Separate the upper cover 410 from the mold barrel 300, lift and remove the upper pressure head assembly 400. Since the special mandrel 100 can slide and guide with the second through hole 440, the special mandrel 100 is not lifted when the upper pressure head assembly 400 is lifted and remains inside the mold barrel 300. Then, the special mandrel 100 is lifted from inside the mold barrel 300 by the lifting mechanism 200 and moved outside the mold barrel 300.
[0056] A dedicated mandrel 100 is used as the forming mold for the pre-drilled center hole of the hollow carbon electrode. This makes demolding easy and prevents the hollow carbon electrode from being damaged by pulling, thus avoiding product scrap. In addition, the male end of the hollow carbon electrode has high strength, which prevents the male end from easily breaking during use and avoids serious economic losses.
[0057] S50. Demold the product inside the mold barrel 300 and obtain a hollow carbon electrode after a baking process.
[0058] This method enables the production of hollow carbon electrodes with high-quality central holes, ensuring smooth demolding and preventing product scrap and significant economic losses. It effectively solves the problems associated with traditional mandrels, offering reliable performance, facilitating safe production, and eliminating the increased production costs caused by traditional mandrels.
[0059] Because the production paste has a certain plastic fluidity, during the compression process of the upper pressure head assembly 400, finer particles of the paste will be squeezed into the second perforation 440. When the amount entering reaches a certain level and solidifies, it will jam the special mandrel 100 within the second perforation 440 of the upper pressure head assembly 400. This means that when the upper pressure head assembly 400 is lifted, the special mandrel 100 will also be lifted simultaneously, which is unacceptable. Furthermore, because the special mandrel 100 has a downward slope and a relatively smooth surface, it is difficult to remove. Additionally, the surface of the special mandrel 100 must be smooth for easy demolding; external methods are not permitted. The mechanical fixture clamps the special mandrel 100 to pull it downwards. However, due to the limited lifting height of the upper pressure head assembly 400, the entire special mandrel 100 cannot be lifted directly to complete demolding. The entire upper pressure head assembly 400 must be disassembled first to remove the special mandrel 100. Then, the special mandrel 100 is lifted by the hoisting mechanism 200 to complete demolding. The process of disassembling the entire upper pressure head assembly 400 to remove the special mandrel 100 is time-consuming and labor-intensive, delaying the demolding of the shaped production paste from the mold barrel 300, causing delays in the demolding of the shaped production paste, and resulting in product quality problems.
[0060] Based on this, in an optional embodiment, in step S40, if the dedicated mandrel 100 is stuck with the second through hole 440:
[0061] Separate the upper cover 410 from the mold barrel 300, and lift the upper pressure head assembly 400 a certain distance. The special mandrel 100 is lifted along with the upper pressure head assembly 400 so that the part where the threaded hole 121 is located is outside the mold barrel 300.
[0062] Remove the plug and install the screw. Drive the screw to move the special mandrel 100 away from the upper pressure head assembly 400 so that the special mandrel 100 is separated from the second through hole 440 and the upper pressure head assembly 400 is removed.
[0063] The special mandrel 100 is lifted from inside the mold barrel 300 by the hoisting mechanism 200 and moved outside the mold barrel 300.
[0064] This step allows for the quick removal of the dedicated mandrel 100 when it is stuck with the second perforation 440. This avoids the need to disassemble the entire upper pressure head assembly 400 to remove the dedicated mandrel 100, which would consume a lot of time and delay the demolding of the solidified production paste and mold barrel 300, causing product quality problems and resulting in significant economic losses.
[0065] As described above, after the special mandrel 100 is installed into the mold barrel 300 by the lifting mechanism 200, the lifting mechanism 200 is removed, and the production paste is introduced into the mold barrel 300. During the process of introducing the production paste into the mold barrel 300, the production paste will impact and tilt the special mandrel 100, causing the center hole of the hollow carbon electrode to be off-center or tilted, and making it difficult to demold the tilted special mandrel 100. Based on this, in an optional embodiment, after step S10 and before step S20, the following is also included:
[0066] The core support frame 500 is installed at the port of the mold barrel 300 so that the core support frame 500 and the special mandrel 100 are positioned and engaged. Under the action of the core support frame 500, the special mandrel 100 will not tilt, thus avoiding the impact of the production paste into the mold barrel 300 on the special mandrel 100 and preventing the central hole of the hollow carbon electrode from being eccentric or tilted, and avoiding the difficulty of demolding the special mandrel 100 due to tilting.
[0067] Since the pressure head assembly 400 needs to be installed in step S30, the core support frame 500 needs to be disassembled and removed. Therefore, the process after step S20 and before step S30 also includes:
[0068] Remove and detach the support core frame 500.
[0069] To avoid the support core frame 500 affecting the installation and use of the upper pressure head assembly 400.
[0070] To enable the production paste to set more quickly and be compressed more compactly, step S30 may optionally include:
[0071] The top cover 410 is sealed to the port of the mold barrel 300, and the second through hole 440 is aligned with the special mandrel 100. The mold barrel 300 is vibrated to produce paste, and a vacuum is drawn inside the mold barrel 300. The drive rod 420 drives the pressing plate 430 to move along the special mandrel 100 to compress the paste.
[0072] The drive rod 420 drives the pressing plate 430 to perform vacuuming and vibration during the compression process of the production paste, so that the production paste can be shaped more quickly and compressed more compactly, thereby improving the quality of the hollow carbon electrode.
[0073] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0074] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A special mandrel for forming hollow carbon electrodes, characterized in that, The dedicated mandrel (100) is hoisted by the hoisting mechanism (200). The dedicated mandrel (100) is installed and positioned in the mounting positioning hole (310) at the bottom of the mold barrel (300). The dedicated mandrel (100) adopts a solid structure and includes a hoisting section (110), a demolding section (120), and a mounting positioning section (130) connected in sequence. The hoisting section (110) is provided with a locking groove (111). The hoisting mechanism (200) is hoisted and cooperates with the locking groove (111). The demolding section (120) has a first slope, and in the hoisting section (110)... 0) In the direction toward the installation positioning section (130), the outer diameter of the demolding section (120) gradually decreases, the installation positioning section (130) is shaped like a frustum cone and has a second slope, the installation positioning section (130) extends from the end of the demolding section (120) away from the hoisting section (110) in the direction away from the hoisting section (110), the second slope is greater than the first slope, the installation positioning section (130) is inserted and positioned with the installation positioning hole (310), and the material of the special mandrel (100) is 40Gr or stainless steel; The demolding section (120) includes a first section (122) and a second section (123) connected together. The end of the first section (122) away from the second section (123) is connected to the hoisting section (110), and the end of the second section (123) away from the first section (122) is connected to the installation and positioning section (130). The slope of the second section (123) is greater than the slope of the first section (122), and the second slope is greater than the slope of the second section (123). It also includes a plug and a screw. The first section (122) has two threaded holes (121) symmetrically opened at one end away from the second section (123). The plug and the screw can be threaded into the threaded holes (121). When the plug is threaded into the threaded hole (121), the outer surface of the plug is flush and smooth with the outer surface of the demolding section (120).
2. A hollow carbon electrode forming die set, characterized by, The device includes a hoisting mechanism (200), a mold barrel (300), an upper pressure head assembly (400), and a special mandrel (100) for forming hollow carbon electrodes as described in claim 1. The hoisting mechanism (200) is hoisted in conjunction with the locking groove (111). The bottom of the mold barrel (300) is provided with a mounting positioning hole (310), and the mounting positioning section (130) is inserted into the mounting positioning hole (310) for positioning. The upper pressure head assembly (400) includes a top cover (410), a drive rod (420), and a pressure plate (430). The top cover (410) is provided with a first through hole (411), and the drive rod (420) slides and seals with the first through hole (411). One end of the drive rod (420) is connected to the pressure plate (430), and the two are provided with a second through hole (440). The upper cover (410) is sealed to the port of the mold barrel (300). When the upper cover (410) is sealed to the port of the mold barrel (300), the special mandrel (100) is installed in the mounting positioning hole (310). The pressure plate (430) is located inside the mold barrel (300) and contacts the inner wall of the mold barrel (300). The special mandrel (100) is slidably guided to the second through hole (440), and the drive rod (420) drives the pressure plate (430) to move along the special mandrel (100).
3. A hollow carbon electrode forming module according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a core support frame (500), which is installed at the port of the mold barrel (300) when the special core shaft (100) is installed in the mounting positioning hole (310), and is positioned and engaged with the special core shaft (100).
4. A hollow carbon electrode forming module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mold barrel (300) includes a barrel body (320) and a bottom cover (330). The barrel body (320) and the bottom cover (330) are detachably connected. When the barrel body (320) and the bottom cover (330) are connected, the bottom cover (330) is located inside the barrel body (320) and is sealed to the inner wall of the barrel body (320).
5. A method for forming a hollow carbon electrode, characterized in that, Applied to a hollow carbon electrode forming module as described in claim 3, the hollow carbon electrode forming method includes: S10. The special mandrel (100) is lifted by the hoisting mechanism (200) and moved into the mold barrel (300), and the mounting positioning section (130) is inserted and positioned with the mounting positioning hole (310); S20. The hoisting mechanism (200) is separated from the locking groove (111) to remove the hoisting mechanism (200) and the production paste is introduced into the mold barrel (300); S30. The upper cover (410) is sealed to the port of the mold barrel (300), and the second through hole (440) is aligned with the special mandrel (100). The drive rod (420) drives the pressing plate (430) to move along the special mandrel (100) to compress the production paste. S40. Separate the upper cover (410) from the mold barrel (300), lift and remove the upper pressure head assembly (400), and lift the special mandrel (100) from inside the mold barrel (300) through the hoisting mechanism (200) and move it outside the mold barrel (300); S50. Demold the product inside the mold barrel (300) and obtain a hollow carbon electrode after a baking process.
6. The method for forming a hollow carbon electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S40, if the special mandrel (100) is jammed with the second through hole (440): Separate the upper cover (410) from the mold barrel (300), and lift the upper pressure head assembly (400) a certain distance. The special mandrel (100) is lifted along with the upper pressure head assembly (400) so that the part where the threaded hole (121) is located is outside the mold barrel (300). Remove the plug and install the screw. Drive the screw to move the special mandrel (100) away from the upper pressure head assembly (400) so that the special mandrel (100) is separated from the second through hole (440) and the upper pressure head assembly (400) is removed. The special mandrel (100) is lifted from inside the mold barrel (300) by the lifting mechanism (200) and moved outside the mold barrel (300).
7. The method for forming a hollow carbon electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes the following steps after step S10 and before step S20: The core support frame (500) is installed at the port of the mold barrel (300) so that the core support frame (500) is positioned and engaged with the special mandrel (100); The method further includes the following steps after step S20 and before step S30: Disassemble and remove the support frame (500).
8. The method for forming a hollow carbon electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S30 includes: The top cover (410) is sealed to the port of the mold barrel (300), and the second perforation (440) is aligned with the special mandrel (100). The mold barrel (300) is vibrated to vibrate the production paste, and a vacuum is drawn inside the mold barrel (300). The drive rod (420) drives the pressing plate (430) to move along the special mandrel (100) to compress the production paste.