A tunneling machine, a pressure maintaining system of the tunneling machine and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a shield machine pressure maintaining system, which comprises a controller, a first pneumatic regulating valve, a second pneumatic regulating valve, a third pneumatic regulating valve, a fourth pneumatic regulating valve, a first electric control valve, a second electric control valve, an air chamber and a pressure detector; the first electric control valve is used for controlling the on-off of an air source and the first pneumatic regulating valve and the second pneumatic regulating valve, and the flow diameter of the first pneumatic regulating valve is larger than that of the second pneumatic regulating valve; the second electric control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve and the atmosphere, and the flow diameter of the third pneumatic regulating valve is smaller than that of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve; and the controller is used for controlling the reversing of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve according to the air chamber pressure. The shield machine pressure maintaining system realizes the accurate flow control of an automatic pressure maintaining system by regulating and controlling the air inlet and outlet of the air chamber. The application further discloses a shield machine comprising the pressure maintaining system and a control method applying the pressure maintaining system, which also have the technical effects as above.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to a shield machine, a pressure maintaining system of the shield machine and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shield machine is a special equipment for tunneling, which is widely used in tunnel construction of subway, railway, highway and municipal water and electricity. In the process of shield construction, in order to ensure that the bottom layer does not have large settlement or uplift deformation, the sealed cabin in front of the shield must be ensured to have a certain pressure to maintain dynamic balance with the earth pressure and water pressure. The slurry balance shield uses slurry and the mud film formed at the excavation face as the medium, and adjusts the pressure of the compressed air in the air cabin by using the automatic pressure maintaining system, so as to maintain the dynamic balance of the excavation face pressure.

[0003] However, the current pressure maintaining system cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of rapid air inlet and outlet when the air cabin pressure and the target pressure are greatly different, and the requirement of accurate flow control when the air cabin pressure and the target pressure are close. The control accuracy and system response ability cannot meet the demand of accurate control of the air cabin in the process of construction of the current super large diameter slurry balance shield.

[0004] In summary, how to effectively solve the problems of the shield machine pressure maintaining system control accuracy and system response ability difficult to meet the construction demand and the like is a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a shield machine, a pressure maintaining system of the shield machine and a control method thereof, the structural design of the pressure maintaining system of the shield machine can effectively solve the problem of the shield machine pressure maintaining system control accuracy and system response ability difficult to meet the construction demand.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A pressure maintaining system of a shield machine, comprising a controller, a first pneumatic regulating valve, a second pneumatic regulating valve, a third pneumatic regulating valve, a fourth pneumatic regulating valve, a first electric control valve, a second electric control valve, an air cabin and a pressure detector;

[0008] The gas outlet of the first pneumatic regulating valve and the gas outlet of the second pneumatic regulating valve are respectively communicated with the air cabin, the gas inlet of the first pneumatic regulating valve and the gas inlet of the second pneumatic regulating valve are respectively communicated with different outlets of the first electric control valve, the inlet of the first electric control valve is communicated with the gas source, so as to control the on-off of the gas source with the first pneumatic regulating valve and the second pneumatic regulating valve, and the flow diameter of the first pneumatic regulating valve is greater than that of the second pneumatic regulating valve;

[0009] The air inlet of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the air inlet of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve are respectively communicated with the air chamber, the air outlet of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the air outlet of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve are respectively communicated with different inlets of the second electric control valve, the outlet of the second electric control valve is communicated with the atmosphere, so as to control the on-off of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve with the atmosphere, and the flow diameter of the third pneumatic regulating valve is smaller than that of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve.

[0010] The pressure detector is used for detecting the pressure of the air chamber.

[0011] The controller is electrically connected with the pressure detector, the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve respectively, so as to control the reversing of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve according to the pressure detected by the pressure detector.

[0012] Optionally, in the pressure maintaining system of the shield tunneling machine, the first electric control valve is a first electric control reversing valve, and the second electric control valve is a second electric control reversing valve.

[0013] Optionally, in the pressure maintaining system of the shield tunneling machine, the pressure maintaining system further comprises a silencer, and the outlet of the second electric control valve is communicated with the atmosphere through the silencer.

[0014] Optionally, in the pressure maintaining system of the shield tunneling machine, the pressure maintaining system further comprises a main control room, the main control room is electrically connected with the controller, and is used for sending a set pressure signal to the controller and receiving a detected pressure signal of the air chamber sent by the controller.

[0015] Optionally, in the pressure maintaining system of the shield tunneling machine, the controller comprises a setting panel used for receiving user input, a pressure gauge used for displaying the detected pressure of the air chamber, and an alarm device used for sending an alarm.

[0016] Optionally, in the pressure maintaining system of the shield tunneling machine, the controller comprises a pressure adjusting panel, which is used for controlling the reversing of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve according to the input of the user.

[0017] Optionally, in the pressure maintaining system of the shield tunneling machine, the pressure maintaining system further comprises a fifth pneumatic regulating valve and a sixth pneumatic regulating valve, the air outlet of the fifth pneumatic regulating valve is communicated with the air chamber, the air inlet is communicated with the outlet of the first electric control valve, the flow diameter of the fifth pneumatic regulating valve is larger than that of the first pneumatic regulating valve, and the first electric control valve is further used for controlling the on-off of the air source and the fifth pneumatic regulating valve; the air inlet of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve is communicated with the air chamber, and the air outlet is communicated with the inlet of the second electric control valve, the flow diameter of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve is larger than that of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve, and the second electric control valve is further used for controlling the on-off of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve and the atmosphere.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following technical solution:

[0019] A control method for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) pressure holding system, used in the TBM pressure holding system as described above, comprising:

[0020] The real-time pressure of the air chamber is obtained through a pressure detector;

[0021] If the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure, the controller controls the first electrically controlled valve to be in the first position, and the first pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source;

[0022] If the real-time pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure and less than the set pressure, the controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the second position, and the second pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source;

[0023] If the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure and less than or equal to the second preset pressure, the controller controls the second electrically controlled valve to be in the first position, and the third pneumatic regulating valve opens to communicate with the atmosphere;

[0024] If the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure, the controller controls the second electrically controlled valve to be in the second position, and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve opens to communicate with the atmosphere;

[0025] If the real-time pressure is equal to the set pressure, the controller controls the first and second solenoid valves to be in the third position respectively, and the first, second, third, and fourth pneumatic regulating valves are all closed.

[0026] Wherein, the first preset pressure < the set pressure < the second preset pressure.

[0027] Optionally, in the control method of the shield machine pressure holding system described above, the first preset pressure is the difference between the set pressure and half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber, and the second preset pressure is the sum of the set pressure and half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber.

[0028] The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system and its control method provided by this invention allow for the following process during shield tunneling: During construction, the real-time pressure of the air chamber is obtained through a pressure detector. If the real-time pressure is less than a first preset pressure, the controller sets the first electrically controlled valve to the first position, and the first pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source, increasing the air chamber pressure. If the real-time pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure but less than the set pressure, the controller sets the first electrically controlled valve to the second position, and the second pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source, increasing the air chamber pressure. If the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure but less than or equal to the second preset pressure, the controller sets the second electrically controlled valve to the first position, and the third pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the atmosphere, decreasing the air chamber pressure. If the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure, the controller sets the second electrically controlled valve to the second position, and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the atmosphere, decreasing the air chamber pressure. If the real-time pressure is equal to the set pressure, the controller sets the first and second electrically controlled valves to the third position respectively, and the first, second, third, and fourth pneumatic regulating valves are all closed.

[0029] By detecting the real-time pressure of the air chamber and comparing it with the set pressure, when the real-time pressure is lower than the set pressure, the controller outputs a control signal to control the first electrically controlled valve to open the first or second pneumatic regulating valve, increasing the pressure inside the air chamber. When the detected real-time pressure is higher than the set pressure, the controller outputs a control signal to control the second electrically controlled valve to open the third or fourth pneumatic regulating valve, decreasing the pressure inside the air chamber. When the real-time pressure of the air chamber matches the set pressure, the first and second electrically controlled valves close all pneumatic regulating valves. In summary, based on the flow characteristics of the pneumatic regulating valves, by controlling the opening and closing of pneumatic regulating valves of different diameters through electrically controlled valves, the air chamber's intake and exhaust can be controlled in a segmented manner. This overcomes the technical difficulties of controlling large-diameter valves with large flow rates and high velocities, thus achieving precise flow control in the automatic pressure-maintaining system.

[0030] The present invention also provides a tunnel boring machine (TBM) comprising any of the aforementioned TBM pressure-maintaining systems. Since the aforementioned TBM pressure-maintaining systems possess the aforementioned technical effects, a TBM having this pressure-maintaining system should also possess the corresponding technical effects. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel boring machine pressure-maintaining system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a tunnel boring machine pressure-maintaining system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram:

[0035] Main control room 1, controller 2, setting panel 2-1, pressure gauge 2-2, alarm device 2-3, pressure regulating panel 2-4, air source 3, first electrically controlled reversing valve 4, silencer 5, second electrically controlled reversing valve 6, first pneumatic regulating valve 7, second pneumatic regulating valve 8, pressure sensor 9, third pneumatic regulating valve 10, fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11, air chamber 12. Detailed Implementation

[0036] This invention discloses a tunnel boring machine, a tunnel boring machine pressure holding system, and a control method thereof, so as to achieve segmented adjustment and improve control accuracy.

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-holding system of a tunnel boring machine according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In one specific embodiment, the shield machine pressure holding system provided by the present invention includes a controller 2, a first pneumatic regulating valve 7, a second pneumatic regulating valve 8, a third pneumatic regulating valve 10, a fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11, a first electrically controlled valve, a second electrically controlled valve, an air chamber 12, and a pressure detector.

[0040] The system comprises two pneumatic control valves: the first pneumatic control valve 7 and the second pneumatic control valve 8, and two pneumatic control valves: the third pneumatic control valve 10 and the fourth pneumatic control valve 11, which are two exhaust pneumatic control valves. The first electrically controlled directional valve 4 controls the two intake pneumatic control valves, and the second electrically controlled directional valve 6 controls the two exhaust pneumatic control valves. The outlets of the first and second pneumatic control valves 7 and 8 are connected to the air chamber 12, respectively. The inlets of the first and second pneumatic control valves 7 and 8 are connected to different outlets of the first electrically controlled valve, respectively. The inlet of the first electrically controlled valve is connected to the air source 3 to control the on / off state of the air source 3 with the first and second pneumatic control valves 7 and 8, respectively. The diameter of the first pneumatic control valve 7 is larger than that of the second pneumatic control valve 8. The inlet of the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 and the inlet of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11 are respectively connected to the air chamber 12. The outlets of the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11 are respectively connected to different inlets of the second solenoid valve. The outlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the atmosphere to control the opening and closing of the third and fourth pneumatic regulating valves 10 and 11 with the atmosphere. The diameter of the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 is smaller than that of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11. A pressure detector is used to detect the pressure of the air chamber 12 and transmit the electrical signal to the controller 2. The pressure detector can specifically be a pressure sensor 9. The controller 2 is electrically connected to the pressure detector, the first solenoid valve, and the second solenoid valve to control the switching of the first and second solenoid valves according to the pressure detected by the pressure detector.

[0041] During tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction, the real-time pressure of air chamber 12 is obtained through a pressure detector. If the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure, the controller 2 controls the first electrically controlled valve to the first position, and the first pneumatic regulating valve 7 opens to connect with the air source 3, increasing the pressure in air chamber 12 and thus enabling rapid air intake when the pressure difference between air chamber 12 and the set pressure is large. If the real-time pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure but less than the set pressure, the controller 2 controls the first electrically controlled valve to the second position, and the second pneumatic regulating valve 8 opens to connect with the air source 3, increasing the pressure in air chamber 12 and thus achieving precise flow control when the pressure in air chamber 12 is close to the set pressure. If the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure but less than or equal to the second preset pressure, then... Controller 2 controls the second solenoid valve to the first position, and the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 to open to connect with the atmosphere, causing the pressure in the air chamber 12 to drop, thereby achieving precise flow control when the pressure in the air chamber 12 is close to the set pressure; if the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure, controller 2 controls the second solenoid valve to the second position, and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11 to open to connect with the atmosphere, causing the pressure in the air chamber 12 to drop, thereby achieving rapid exhaust of the air chamber 12 when the pressure in the air chamber 12 differs greatly from the set pressure; if the real-time pressure is equal to the set pressure, controller 2 controls the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to the third position respectively, and the first pneumatic regulating valve 7, the second pneumatic regulating valve 8, the third pneumatic regulating valve 10, and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11 are all closed.

[0042] The shield machine pressure-maintaining system provided by this invention detects the real-time pressure of the air chamber 12 and compares it with a set pressure. When the real-time pressure is lower than the set pressure value, the controller 2 outputs a control signal to control the first electrically controlled valve to open the first pneumatic regulating valve 7 or the second pneumatic regulating valve 8, thereby increasing the pressure inside the air chamber 12. When the detected real-time pressure of the air chamber 12 is higher than the set pressure value, the controller 2 outputs a control signal to control the second electrically controlled valve to open the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 or the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11, thereby decreasing the pressure inside the air chamber 12. When the real-time pressure of the air chamber 12 is consistent with the set pressure value, the first and second electrically controlled valves close all pneumatic regulating valves. In summary, based on the flow characteristics of the pneumatic regulating valve, the opening and closing of pneumatic regulating valves with different diameters are controlled by an electric control valve, thereby controlling the intake and exhaust of the air chamber 12 in a split-range manner. That is, at the beginning of intake and exhaust, the pneumatic regulating valve with a larger diameter is opened to quickly increase or decrease the pressure of the air chamber 12, and then the pneumatic regulating valve with a smaller diameter is opened, resulting in a small intake and exhaust volume, slow and stable pressure rise and fall, and high control accuracy.

[0043] Specifically, the first electrically controlled valve is a first electrically controlled directional valve 4, and the second electrically controlled valve is a second electrically controlled directional valve 6. Using electrically controlled directional valves facilitates reversing, thereby switching the opening and closing states of different pneumatic regulating valves. In other embodiments, the first and second electrically controlled valves can also be solenoid valves connected to each pneumatic regulating valve to control the opening and closing of each pneumatic regulating valve separately.

[0044] In one embodiment, the tunnel boring machine pressure-maintaining system further includes a silencer 5, through which the outlet of the second electrically controlled valve is connected to the atmosphere. The silencer 5 is used to reduce exhaust noise and ensure the safe and reliable discharge of gas.

[0045] In one embodiment, the tunnel boring machine (TBM) pressure-maintaining system also includes a main control room 1, which is electrically connected to a controller 2. The main control room 1 sends a set pressure signal to the controller 2 and receives the pressure signal from the air chamber 12 transmitted by the controller 2. Traditional TBM pressure setting is a local control method. Each time the TBM is debugged and set, personnel must go to the working chamber for on-site adjustments. In emergencies such as pipeline blockage, the system pressure cannot be adjusted in time, easily leading to malfunctions such as chamber bursts. Furthermore, the working chamber does not provide real-time pressure feedback to the main control room 1, preventing personnel in the main control room 1 from promptly understanding the pressure parameters within the working chamber and detecting internal control system faults. In this embodiment, the main control room 1 can remotely input a set pressure signal to the controller 2 and simultaneously receive the air chamber 12 pressure signal transmitted from the controller 2. Therefore, remote operation is possible, and personnel in the main control room 1 can promptly understand the pressure parameters within the working chamber.

[0046] In one embodiment, the controller 2 includes a setting panel 2-1 for receiving user input, a pressure gauge for displaying the detected pressure of the air chamber 12, and an alarm device 2-3 for issuing an alarm. Specifically, the signal input terminal of the controller 2 is connected to the pressure sensor 9 of the air chamber 12, and the output terminal is connected to the control ports of the first electrically controlled directional valve 4 and the second electrically controlled directional valve 6, respectively. The setting panel 2-1 can locally input a set pressure signal. The pressure gauge can specifically be a digital pressure display gauge to display the set pressure and the pressure of the air chamber 12. The alarm device 2-3 can promptly display internal faults in the control system, allowing personnel to promptly detect internal faults in the control system.

[0047] In one embodiment, the controller 2 includes a pressure regulating panel 2-4 for controlling the switching of the first and second electrically controlled valves based on user input. Specifically, the pressure regulating panel 2-4 can manually output electrical signals to control the first electrically controlled directional valve 4 and the second electrically controlled directional valve 6.

[0048] In one embodiment, a fifth pneumatic regulating valve and a sixth pneumatic regulating valve are also included. The outlet of the fifth pneumatic regulating valve is connected to the air chamber 12, and the inlet is connected to the outlet of the first electrically controlled valve. The diameter of the fifth pneumatic regulating valve is larger than the diameter of the first pneumatic regulating valve 7. The first electrically controlled valve is also used to control the connection between the air source 3 and the fifth pneumatic regulating valve. The inlet of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve is connected to the air chamber 12, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the second electrically controlled valve. The diameter of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve is larger than the diameter of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11. The second electrically controlled valve is also used to control the connection between the sixth pneumatic regulating valve and the atmosphere. By further configuring the fifth and sixth pneumatic regulating valves, multi-stage split-range control of intake and exhaust is achieved, resulting in higher control accuracy and faster response speed.

[0049] The present invention also provides a control method for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) pressure holding system. In one specific embodiment, the control method for a TBM pressure holding system provided by the present invention is used in any of the above-described TBM pressure holding systems, comprising:

[0050] The real-time pressure of the air chamber is obtained through a pressure detector;

[0051] If the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure, the controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the first position, and the first pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source, thereby increasing the pressure in the air chamber and realizing rapid air intake in the air chamber when the pressure difference between the air chamber and the set pressure is large.

[0052] If the real-time pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure and less than the set pressure, the controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to the second position, and the second pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source, thereby increasing the pressure in the air chamber and achieving precise flow control when the air chamber pressure is close to the set pressure.

[0053] If the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure and less than or equal to the second preset pressure, the controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to be in the first position and the third pneumatic regulating valve to open to communicate with the atmosphere, and the pressure in the air chamber drops, thereby achieving precise flow control when the air chamber pressure is close to the set pressure.

[0054] If the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure, the controller controls the second electronically controlled valve to the second position, the fourth pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the atmosphere, the air chamber pressure drops, thereby realizing the rapid exhaust of the air chamber when the air chamber pressure is large compared with the set pressure.

[0055] If the real-time pressure equals the set pressure, the controller will control the first and second solenoid valves to the third position respectively, and the first, second, third, and fourth pneumatic regulating valves will all be closed.

[0056] Among them, the first preset pressure < the set pressure < the second preset pressure.

[0057] The control method of the shield machine pressure holding system provided by this invention, based on the flow characteristics of the pneumatic regulating valve, controls the opening and closing of pneumatic regulating valves of different diameters through an electrically controlled reversing valve, and controls the air intake and exhaust of the air chamber in a segmented manner. This can overcome the technical difficulties of large-diameter valves with large flow rates and fast flow velocities, which are difficult to control, thereby achieving the purpose of precise flow control of the automatic pressure holding system.

[0058] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a tunnel boring machine pressure-maintaining system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] In this embodiment, the control method of the tunnel boring machine pressure holding system includes the following steps:

[0060] S11: Obtain the real-time pressure of the air chamber through a pressure detector;

[0061] S12: Determine if the real-time pressure is equal to the set pressure. If yes, proceed to step S110; otherwise, proceed to the next step.

[0062] S13: Determine if the real-time pressure is less than the set pressure. If yes, proceed to step S14; otherwise, proceed to step S17.

[0063] S14: Determine whether the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure. If yes, proceed to step S15; otherwise, proceed to step S16.

[0064] S15: The controller sets the first electrically controlled valve to the first position, the first pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source, and the air chamber pressure rises.

[0065] S16: The controller controls the first electrically controlled valve to the second position, the second pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source, and the air chamber pressure rises.

[0066] S17: Determine whether the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure. If yes, proceed to step S18; otherwise, proceed to step S19.

[0067] S18: The controller controls the second electrically controlled valve to the second position, the fourth pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the atmosphere, and the air chamber pressure decreases;

[0068] S19: The controller sets the second electrically controlled valve to the first position, and the third pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the atmosphere, causing the air chamber pressure to drop.

[0069] S110: The controller controls the first and second solenoid valves to be in the third position respectively, and the first, second, third, and fourth pneumatic regulating valves are all closed;

[0070] Among them, the first preset pressure < the set pressure < the second preset pressure.

[0071] With the above settings, the judgment logic is simple and the control response speed is fast. In other embodiments, the judgment order is not limited to the above limitations.

[0072] In one specific embodiment, the control method for the shield machine pressure holding system provided by the present invention is used in the shield machine pressure holding system described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 It includes a main control room 1, a controller 2, an air source 3, a first electrically controlled reversing valve 4, a silencer 5, a second electrically controlled reversing valve 6, a first pneumatic regulating valve 7, a second pneumatic regulating valve 8, a pressure sensor 9, a third pneumatic regulating valve 10, a fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11, and an air chamber 12. The controller 2 includes a setting panel 2-1, a pressure gauge 2-2, an alarm device 2-3, and a pressure regulating panel 2-4.

[0073] The setting panel 2-1 allows the controller 2 to directly input the set pressure signal locally, or the main control room 1 can send the set signal to the controller 2; the pressure gauge 2-2 can directly display the pressure of the air chamber 12 input by the pressure transmitter and the set pressure; when the pressure holding control system malfunctions, the controller 2 sends an alarm signal to the main control room 1 and the alarm device 2-3, and the alarm device 2-3 immediately issues a warning upon receiving the signal.

[0074] The main control room 1 sends an electrical signal to the controller 2, which serves as the set pressure value. The pressure sensor 9 inputs the pressure of the air chamber 12 collected from the air chamber 12 to the controller 2. This signal is the actual pressure value of the air chamber 12, i.e., the real-time pressure. The controller 2 compares the set pressure with the real-time pressure through calculation and outputs an electrical signal to the corresponding electrically controlled directional valve.

[0075] The first pneumatic regulating valve 7 and the second pneumatic regulating valve 8 are intake regulating valves. Their intake ports are connected to the air source 3 through the first electrically controlled reversing valve 4, and their outlets are connected to the air chamber 12. The diameter of the first pneumatic regulating valve 7 is larger than that of the second pneumatic regulating valve 8. The third pneumatic regulating valve 10 and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11 are exhaust regulating valves. Their intake ports are connected to the air chamber 12, and their outlets are connected to the silencer 5. The diameter of the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 is smaller than that of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11.

[0076] Pressure sensor 9 collects the pressure of air chamber 12 and sends it to controller 2. The main control room 1 sends a setting signal to controller 2. Controller 2 compares the pressure of air chamber 12 with the set pressure through calculation and generates an output signal.

[0077] The control method for the pressure-maintaining system of the tunnel boring machine includes the following steps:

[0078] The controller 2 compares the real-time pressure collected by the pressure sensor 9 with the set pressure generated by the setting panel 2-1, and outputs an electrical signal through comparison calculation. Specifically, it can be a current signal with a signal range of AE, where A is less than B, B is less than C, C is less than D, and D is less than E. When the set pressure is equal to the pressure in the air chamber 12, the controller outputs signal C, and both the first electrically controlled directional valve 4 and the second electrically controlled directional valve 6 are in the neutral position.

[0079] When the set pressure is greater than the real-time pressure, controller 2 generates an electrical signal in the range of AC to control the first electrically controlled directional valve 4. The greater the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure, the smaller the current signal output by controller 2, up to signal A. When the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure is large, i.e., the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure, the output signal range is AB, the first electrically controlled directional valve 4 is in the left position, the first pneumatic regulating valve 7 is open, and compressed air from air source 3 enters air chamber 12. When the difference between the set pressure and the pressure in air chamber 12 is small, i.e., the real-time pressure is not less than the first preset pressure, the output signal range is BC, the first electrically controlled directional valve 4 is in the right position, the second pneumatic regulating valve 8 is open, and compressed air from air source 3 enters air chamber 12.

[0080] When the set pressure is less than the real-time pressure, the controller 2 outputs a current signal within the range of CE to control the second electrically controlled directional valve 6. The greater the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure, the greater the current signal output by the controller 2, up to the E signal. When the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure is small, i.e., the real-time pressure is not greater than the second preset pressure, the output signal range is CD, the second electrically controlled directional valve 6 is in the left position, the third pneumatic regulating valve 10 is opened, and the compressed air in the air chamber 12 is discharged into the atmosphere through the silencer 5. When the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure is large, i.e., the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure, the second electrically controlled directional valve 6 is in the right position, the fourth pneumatic regulating valve 11 is opened, and the compressed air in the air chamber 12 is discharged into the atmosphere through the silencer 5.

[0081] Specifically, the first preset pressure is the difference between the set pressure and half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber, and the second preset pressure is the sum of the set pressure and half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber. The maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber is determined by the air chamber structure and is the upper limit of the pressure range that the air chamber can allow. With the first and second preset pressures set as described above, when the real-time pressure is less than the set pressure, and the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure is greater than half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber (the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure), the first electric control valve is in the first position, opening the first pneumatic regulating valve to allow air in; when the difference between the set pressure and the real-time pressure is less than or equal to half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber (the real-time pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure), the first electric control valve is in the second position, opening the second pneumatic regulating valve to allow air in.

[0082] When the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure, and the difference between the real-time pressure and the set pressure is less than or equal to half of the maximum regulating pressure of the air chamber (the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure and less than or equal to the second preset pressure), the second electric control valve is in the first position, and the third pneumatic regulating valve is opened to vent; when the difference between the real-time pressure and the set pressure is greater than half of the maximum regulating pressure of the air chamber (the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure), the second electric control valve is in the second position, and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve is opened to vent.

[0083] When the real-time pressure equals the set pressure, the first and second solenoid valves are set to the third position, and all four pneumatic regulating valves are closed.

[0084] Based on the shield machine pressure-holding system provided in the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a shield machine, which includes any one of the shield machine pressure-holding systems in the above embodiments. Since this shield machine uses the shield machine pressure-holding system in the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of this shield machine are explained in the above embodiments.

[0085] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A pressure-maintaining system for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, It includes a controller, a first pneumatic regulating valve, a second pneumatic regulating valve, a third pneumatic regulating valve, a fourth pneumatic regulating valve, a first electrically controlled valve, a second electrically controlled valve, an air chamber, and a pressure detector; The outlet of the first pneumatic regulating valve and the outlet of the second pneumatic regulating valve are respectively connected to the air chamber. The inlet of the first pneumatic regulating valve and the inlet of the second pneumatic regulating valve are respectively connected to different outlets of the first solenoid valve. The inlet of the first solenoid valve is connected to the air source to control the on / off state of the air source with the first pneumatic regulating valve and the second pneumatic regulating valve. The diameter of the first pneumatic regulating valve is larger than the diameter of the second pneumatic regulating valve. The air inlet of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the air inlet of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve are respectively connected to the air chamber. The air outlet of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the air outlet of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve are respectively connected to different inlets of the second solenoid valve. The outlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the atmosphere to control the opening and closing of the third pneumatic regulating valve and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve with the atmosphere. The diameter of the third pneumatic regulating valve is smaller than the diameter of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve. The pressure detector is used to detect the pressure of the air chamber; The controller is electrically connected to the pressure detector, the first solenoid valve, and the second solenoid valve respectively, so as to control the switching of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve according to the pressure detected by the pressure detector.

2. The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrically controlled valve is a first electrically controlled directional valve, and the second electrically controlled valve is a second electrically controlled directional valve.

3. The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a silencer, through which the outlet of the second electrically controlled valve is connected to the atmosphere.

4. The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a main control room, which is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send a set pressure signal to the controller and receive the chamber detection pressure signal sent by the controller.

5. The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller includes a setting panel for receiving user input, a pressure gauge for displaying the detected pressure of the air chamber, and an alarm device for issuing an alarm.

6. The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller includes a pressure regulating panel for controlling the switching of the first and second electrically controlled valves based on input received from the user.

7. The shield tunneling machine pressure-maintaining system according to claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a fifth pneumatic regulating valve and a sixth pneumatic regulating valve. The outlet of the fifth pneumatic regulating valve is connected to the air chamber, and the inlet is connected to the outlet of the first electrically controlled valve. The diameter of the fifth pneumatic regulating valve is larger than that of the first pneumatic regulating valve. The first electrically controlled valve is also used to control the connection between the air source and the fifth pneumatic regulating valve. The inlet of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve is connected to the air chamber, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the second electrically controlled valve. The diameter of the sixth pneumatic regulating valve is larger than that of the fourth pneumatic regulating valve. The second electrically controlled valve is also used to control the connection between the sixth pneumatic regulating valve and the atmosphere.

8. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, Includes the tunnel boring machine pressure holding system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A control method for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) pressure holding system, used in the TBM pressure holding system as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The real-time pressure of the air chamber is obtained through a pressure detector; If the real-time pressure is less than the first preset pressure, the controller controls the first electrically controlled valve to be in the first position, and the first pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source; If the real-time pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure and less than the set pressure, the controller controls the first electronically controlled valve to be in the second position, and the second pneumatic regulating valve opens to connect with the air source; If the real-time pressure is greater than the set pressure and less than or equal to the second preset pressure, the controller controls the second electrically controlled valve to be in the first position, and the third pneumatic regulating valve opens to communicate with the atmosphere; If the real-time pressure is greater than the second preset pressure, the controller controls the second electrically controlled valve to be in the second position, and the fourth pneumatic regulating valve opens to communicate with the atmosphere; If the real-time pressure is equal to the set pressure, the controller controls the first and second solenoid valves to be in the third position respectively, and the first, second, third, and fourth pneumatic regulating valves are all closed. Wherein, the first preset pressure < the set pressure < the second preset pressure.

10. The control method for the pressure-maintaining system of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first preset pressure is the difference between the set pressure and half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber, and the second preset pressure is the sum of the set pressure and half of the maximum adjustable pressure of the air chamber.

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