Ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on the ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter of balun structure, including input matching network, balun structure, switch network and output matching network four parts;Wherein input matching network receives input end signal, and connects balun front stage input end, signal is converted into double-end signal after passing through balun, two output ends are connected to switch network, and output signal is switched by switch network, 180° phase shift is realized, and then is connected with output matching network, again access signal output end.The application is constructed by input matching network and output matching network, and the problem that traditional balun phase shift structure bandwidth is narrow, difficult to be applied to ultra-wideband phase shift is well solved, and more than 3 times frequency band of ultra-wideband phase shift can be realized;Compared with the 180° phase shifter of traditional high-low network or all-pass network, the application has the advantages of ultra-wideband, high phase shift precision, design flexible and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to phase shifters, and more particularly to an ultrawideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure. Background Technology

[0002] Phase shifters are key components in phased array antennas and microwave wireless communication systems. By controlling the phase of microwave signals, phase shifters can achieve different beam directions in phased array antennas, enabling directional target detection. With the continuous advancement of phased array antenna technology, the utilization rate of microwave frequency bands and the integration density of microwave chips are increasing, placing higher demands on the bandwidth, phase shifting accuracy, and integration density of phase shifters. Therefore, research on ultra-wideband, high-precision phase shifter circuits has significant value in industrial practice.

[0003] Currently, monolithically integrated passive phase shifters mainly fall into two types: switch-type and reflective type. Traditional switch-type circuits often employ high-pass or low-pass filters, resulting in narrow bandwidth and difficulty in achieving ultra-wideband. Reflective phase shifters require a coupling line length reaching a quarter wavelength of the center frequency; while achieving ultra-wideband, this results in a large circuit area. Patent applications CN 201920789362.1 and CN 202011061253.1 both propose ultra-wideband phase shifters using a magnetically coupled all-pass network structure. However, the phase shifter proposed in CN 201920789362.1 is suitable for smaller phase shift angles, while the phase shifter structure proposed in CN 202011061253.1 requires multiple all-pass or high / low-pass network structures to achieve a 180° phase shift, resulting in a larger circuit area and higher losses. Patent application publication number CN 201310147858.6 proposes a broadband 180° phase-shifting circuit, which has a simple structure and small circuit area, but the matching bandwidth is still limited, making it difficult to meet the bandwidth requirements of wider frequency bands. Patent application publication number CN 2012110824918.8 proposes a phase shifter with a two-balun structure, which has higher losses than the structure using a single balun and a more complex switching structure. Therefore, researching a miniaturized 180° phase shifter that can cover ultra-wideband frequencies with high phase-shifting accuracy has significant practical value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultrawideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure that achieves bandwidth expansion and a compact structure.

[0005] Technical solution: The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter of the present invention includes an input matching network, a balun structure, a switching network, and an output matching network, wherein:

[0006] The input matching network receives the input signal, matches the input signal, and connects it to the input of the balun structure preamplifier.

[0007] The balun structure receives the input matching network signal, converts the single-ended signal into a double-ended differential signal, and connects to the switching network.

[0008] The switching network switches the output signal by controlling the on / off state of different branches, achieving 180° phase shift, and is connected to the output matching section;

[0009] The output matching section matches the output signal and connects it to the signal output terminal;

[0010] The input matching network includes a first capacitor, a first switch, a first resistor, and an input series-parallel network; the first terminal of the first switch and the first terminal of the first resistor are connected and connected to the output terminal of the input matching network; the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor, one end of the input series-parallel network, and one end of the first capacitor; the other end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the input series-parallel network is connected to the input terminal of the input matching network.

[0011] The switching network includes a first parallel network, a second parallel network, second to third switches, and a first single-pole double-throw switch; the first terminals of the first and second parallel networks are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure, and the second terminals of both are grounded; the first terminal of the second switch is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure, and the second terminal is grounded; the first terminal of the third switch is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure, and the second terminal is grounded; the two input terminals of the first single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure, and the output terminal of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the input terminal of the output matching section.

[0012] Furthermore, the input series-parallel network includes an input series network and an input parallel network;

[0013] Starting from the output of the input matching network, the input series network and the input parallel network are connected alternately. The specific connection method is as follows: the output port is connected to the parallel network in parallel, then connected to the first input series network in series, then connected to the first input parallel network in parallel, then connected to the second input series network, and then connected to the second input parallel network, and so on, until the input port of the input matching network.

[0014] Furthermore, the total number of input series networks and input parallel networks can be increased or decreased according to bandwidth requirements; the wider the bandwidth, the more networks are required. The Nth input parallel network at the input port can be added or omitted as needed.

[0015] Furthermore, each unit of the input series network consists of a single inductor or an inductor-capacitor connected in series, and each unit of the input parallel network can consist of a single capacitor or a capacitor-inductor connected in parallel.

[0016] Furthermore, the balun structure includes a first inductor and a second inductor. The first end of the first inductor serves as the input terminal of the balun structure, and the second end of the first inductor is grounded. The first and second ends of the second inductor serve as the non-inverting output terminal and the inverting output terminal of the balun structure, respectively, and are connected to the input terminal of the switching network.

[0017] Furthermore, the first inductor and the second inductor are spiral inductors with equal inductance values ​​and are coupled to each other. The coupling methods are as follows:

[0018] The first inductor and the second inductor are located in the same metal layer and are coupled to each other by edge coupling, or the first inductor and the second inductor are located in different metal layers and are coupled to each other by upper and lower layer coupling and edge coupling.

[0019] Furthermore, the parallel network is composed of a single capacitor or a capacitor and resistor connected in parallel; the first to third switches and the first single-pole double-throw switch are respectively field-effect transistors or PIN diodes.

[0020] Furthermore, the output matching network includes an output serial network and an output parallel network;

[0021] Starting from the input end of the output matching network, the output series network and the output parallel network are connected alternately. The specific connection method is as follows: the input port is connected to the first output series network in series, then to the first output parallel network in parallel, then to the second output series network, and then to the second output parallel network, and so on, until the output port of the output matching network.

[0022] Furthermore, the total number of the output series network and the output parallel network can be increased or decreased according to the bandwidth requirements; the output parallel network at the input port can be added or omitted as needed.

[0023] Each unit of the output series network consists of a single inductor or an inductor-capacitor connected in series, and each unit of the output parallel network consists of a single capacitor or a capacitor-inductor connected in parallel.

[0024] Furthermore, when the first and third switches are both closed, the second switch is open, and the first single-pole double-throw switch turns on the same-direction end of the balun structure, the phase shifter operates in the reference state; when the first and third switches are both open, the second switch is closed, and the first single-pole double-throw switch turns on the reverse end of the balun structure, the phase shifter operates in the phase-shifting state.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. This invention solves the problem of narrow bandwidth of traditional balun phase-shifting structures, which makes them difficult to apply to ultra-wideband phase shifting, by constructing an input matching network and an output matching network. It can achieve ultra-wideband phase shifting of more than 3 octaves.

[0027] 2. By combining input / output matching networks and balun structures, a 180° phase shift within an ultra-wideband range is achieved, balancing phase shift accuracy and matching bandwidth.

[0028] 3. The components in both the input and output matching networks can be added or removed according to bandwidth requirements, making the structure flexible, easy to design, and suitable for engineering practice. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall principle of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1(b) is a detailed structural diagram of the input matching network in Figure 1(a).

[0031] Figure 1(c) is a detailed structural diagram of the output matching network in Figure 1(a);

[0032] Figure 2 This is a circuit topology diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a circuit topology diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The figure shows the simulation results of the phase difference of the phase shifter operating at 1.1 GHz to 3.8 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The figure shows the simulation results of the insertion loss of the phase shifter operating at 1.1 GHz to 3.8 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 The figure shows the simulation results of the return loss of the phase shifter operating at 1.1GHz to 3.8GHz in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] The circuit of this invention features miniaturization, high phase-shifting accuracy, and wide matching bandwidth. Figure 1(a) shows the circuit schematic of this invention. The phase shifter comprises four parts: an input matching network T1, a balun structure T2, a switching network T3, and an output matching network T4. The input matching network T1 and the output matching network T4 respectively match the radio frequency signal. The balun structure T2 receives the signal from the input matching network T1, converts the single-ended signal into a double-ended differential signal, and connects to the switching network T3. The switching network T3 switches the output signal by controlling the on / off states of different branches, achieving a 180° phase shift. The core of this invention's ability to achieve ultra-wideband performance lies in the construction of the input and output matching networks.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1(b), the input matching network T1 includes a first capacitor C1, a first switch SW1, a first resistor R1 and an input series-parallel network. The first terminal of the first switch SW1 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1 and is connected to the output terminal of the input matching network T1. The second terminal of the first switch SW1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0040] The input series-parallel network includes an input series network (a1~aN) and an input parallel network (b0~bN). Starting from the output of the input matching network T1, the input series networks (a1~aN) and the input parallel networks (b1~bN) are connected alternately. That is, the output port of the input matching network T1 is connected in parallel to the parallel network b0, then in series to the first input series network a1, then in parallel to the first input parallel network b1, then to the second input series network a2, and then to the second input parallel network b2, and so on, extending to the input port of the input matching network T1. The total number of input series networks (a1~aN) and input parallel networks (b0~bN) can be increased or decreased according to bandwidth requirements. The Nth input parallel network bN at the input port can be added or omitted as needed.

[0041] Each unit of the input series network (a1~aN) can be composed of a single inductor or an inductor-capacitor connected in series. Each unit of the input parallel network (b0~bN) can be composed of a single capacitor or a capacitor-inductor connected in parallel.

[0042] The balun structure T2 includes a first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2. The first terminal of the first inductor L1 serves as the input terminal of the balun structure T2, and the second terminal of the first inductor L1 is grounded. The first and second terminals of the second inductor L2 serve as the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure T2, respectively, and are connected to the input terminal of the switching network T3.

[0043] The first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are spiral inductors with equal inductance values ​​and are coupled to each other as follows:

[0044] The first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are located in the same metal layer and are coupled to each other by edge coupling; or the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are located in different metal layers and are coupled to each other by upper and lower layer coupling and edge coupling.

[0045] The switching network T3 includes a first parallel network Z1, a second parallel network Z2, second to third switches (SW2 to SW3), and a first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1. The first terminals of the first parallel network Z1 and the second parallel network Z2 are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure T2, and the second terminals of both are grounded to broaden the matching bandwidth of the output terminal of the balun structure T2. The first terminal of the second switch SW2 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure T2, and the second terminal of the second switch SW2 is grounded. The first terminal of the third switch SW3 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure SW2, and the second terminal of the third switch SW3 is grounded. The two input terminals of the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure T2, and the output terminal of the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 is connected to the input terminal of the output matching section T4.

[0046] The first parallel network Z1 and the second parallel network Z2 are each composed of a single capacitor or a capacitor and resistor connected in parallel.

[0047] The first to third switches (SW1 to SW3) and the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 are switching transistors composed of field-effect transistors or PIN diodes.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1(c), the output matching network T4 includes an output series network (c1~cN) and an output parallel network (d1~dN). Starting from the input of the output matching network T4, the output series networks (c1~cN) and the output parallel networks (d1~dN) are connected alternately. That is, the input port is connected in series to the first output series network c1, then in parallel to the first output parallel network d1, then to the second output series network c2, and then to the second output parallel network d2, and so on, extending to the output port of the output matching network T4. The total number of output series networks (c1~cN) and output parallel networks (d1~dN) can be increased or decreased according to the bandwidth requirements, and the output parallel network dN at the input port can be added or omitted.

[0049] Each unit of the output series network (c1~cN) can be composed of a single inductor or an inductor-capacitor connected in series, and each unit of the output parallel network (d1~dN) can be composed of a single capacitor or a capacitor-inductor connected in parallel.

[0050] When the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 are closed, the second switch SW2 is open, and the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 turns on the same-direction terminal of the balun structure T2, the phase shifter operates in the reference state. When both the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 are open, the second switch SW2 is closed, and the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 turns on the reverse-direction terminal of the balun structure T2, the phase shifter operates in the phase-shifting state.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Figures 1(a) to (c) show the principle block diagrams of the present invention. This embodiment provides a specific circuit design based on the principle block diagrams. Figure 2 This embodiment 1 provides an ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter, with the switch being a 0.5µm GaAspHEMT field-effect transistor, operating in the frequency band of 1.1GHz to 3.8GHz. The phase shifter comprises four parts: an input matching network T1, a balun structure T2, a switch network T3, and an output matching network T4.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the input matching network T1 includes a first capacitor C1, a first switch SW1, a first resistor R1, a parallel capacitor Cb0, a series inductor La1, and a series capacitor Ca1.

[0054] The first series inductor La1 and the first series capacitor Ca1 are the specific implementations of the first input series network a1, and the parallel capacitor Cb0 is the specific implementation of the parallel network b0. The input terminal of the input matching network T1 is connected in series with the series inductor La1 and the series capacitor Ca1, and then connected to the output terminal of the input matching network T1. The first terminal of the first switch SW1, the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and the first terminal of the parallel capacitor Cb0 are connected and connected to the output terminal of the input matching network T1, and the other terminal of the parallel capacitor Cb0 is grounded. The second terminal of the first switch SW1 and the second terminal of the first resistor R1 are connected and connected to one terminal of the first capacitor C1, and the other terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0055] As shown in Figure 1(b), the balun structure T2 includes a first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2. The first terminal of the first inductor L1 serves as the input terminal of the balun T2 and is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1. The second terminal of the first inductor L1 is grounded. The first and second terminals of the second inductor L2 serve as the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure T2, respectively, and are connected to the input terminal of the switching network T3.

[0056] The first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are spiral inductors with equal inductance values ​​and are coupled to each other.

[0057] As shown in Figure 1(a), the switch network T3 includes the third to fourth capacitors (C3 to C4), the second to third resistors (R2 to R3), the second to third switches (SW2 to SW3), and the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1.

[0058] The first terminals of the third and fourth capacitors (C3 and C4) are connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure T2, respectively, and the second terminals are all grounded. The first terminals of the second and third resistors R2 and R3 are connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure T2, respectively, and the second terminals are all grounded. The third capacitor C3 and the second resistor R2 are the specific implementations of the first parallel network Z1, and the fourth capacitor C4 and the third resistor R3 are the specific implementations of the second parallel network Z2. The second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can be added or removed according to the amplitude balancing situation.

[0059] The first terminal of the second switch SW2 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure T2, and the second terminal of the second switch SW2 is grounded; the first terminal of the third switch SW3 is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure T2, and the second terminal of the third switch SW3 is grounded; the two input terminals of the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 are connected to the non-inverting output terminal and the inverting output terminal of the balun structure T2, respectively, and the output terminal of the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 is connected to the input terminal of the output matching section T4.

[0060] The output matching network T4 uses only one first output series network c1, namely the first output series inductor Lc1 and the first output series capacitor Cc1; the switching network T3 is connected to the first output series capacitor Cc1 and the first output series inductor Lc1 in sequence, and then connected to the signal output terminal.

[0061] As a specific example, when the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 are both closed, the second switch SW2 is open, and the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 turns on the same-direction end of the balun structure T2, the phase shifter operates in the reference state; when the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 are both open, the second switch SW2 is closed, and the first single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 turns on the reverse end of the balun structure T2, the phase shifter operates in the phase-shifting state.

[0062] Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The simulation results for phase difference, insertion loss, and return loss are shown for Example 1. Figures 4-6It can be seen that within the set operating frequency range of 1.1GHz to 3.8GHz, the phase shift error of the phase shifter is within 2°, the insertion loss is less than 2.8dB, the parasitic amplitude modulation is less than 0.2dB, and the return loss is greater than 14dB. Therefore, this invention achieves high phase shift accuracy and good input-output matching within a 180° large phase shift angle over an ultra-wideband range. It possesses advantages such as high phase shift accuracy, good matching characteristics, small circuit area, and low circuit loss, and has high engineering application value.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, compared with Example 1, Example 2 differs only in the input matching network T1 and the output matching network T2, increasing the number of matching networks and making it suitable for phase shifters with wider bandwidth.

[0065] Specifically, the input matching network T1 in Embodiment 2 includes a first capacitor C1, a first switch SW1, a first resistor R1, a first input series network a1, a second input series network a2, an input parallel network b0, and a first input parallel network b1.

[0066] The first end of the second input series network a2 is connected to the input end of the input matching network T1, and the second end is connected to the first end of the first input series network a1. The second end of the first input series network a1 is connected to the output end of the input matching network T1. The first end of the first parallel network b1 is connected to the common end of the second input series network a2 and the first input series network a1, and the second end of the first input parallel network b1 is grounded. The first end of the parallel network b0 is connected to the output end of the input matching network T1, and the second end is grounded.

[0067] The second input series network a2 consists of a second series inductor La2 and a second series capacitor Ca2 connected in series. The first input series network a1 consists of a first series inductor La1 and a first series capacitor Ca1 connected in series. The first input parallel network b1 consists of a capacitor Cb1. The parallel network b0 consists of a capacitor Cb0.

[0068] The connection method of the first capacitor C1, the first switch SW1 and the first resistor R1 is the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0069] As a specific example, the output matching network T4 of Embodiment 2 includes a first output serial network c1, a second output serial network c2, and a first output parallel network d1.

[0070] The first output series network c1 has its first end connected to the input terminal of the output matching network T4, and its second end connected to the first end of the output series network c2. The second end of the second output series network c2 is connected to the output terminal of the output matching network T4. The first end of the first output parallel network d1 is connected to the second end of the first output series network c1, and the second end of the first output parallel network d1 is grounded.

[0071] The first output series network c1 consists of the first output inductor Lc1 and the first output capacitor Cc1 connected in series. The second output series network c2 consists of the second output inductor Lc2 and the second output capacitor Cc2 connected in series. The first output parallel network d1 consists of the first output parallel capacitor Cd1.

[0072] The other parts of this embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1.

Claims

1. An ultrawideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure, characterized in that, It includes an input matching network (T1), a balun structure (T2), a switching network (T3), and an output matching network (T4), wherein: The input matching network (T1) receives the input signal, matches the input signal, and connects to the front-end input of the balun structure (T2); The balun structure (T2) receives the input matching network signal, converts the single-ended signal into a double-ended differential signal, and is connected to the switching network (T3). The switching network (T3) switches the output signal by controlling the on / off state of different branches, achieving a 180° phase shift, and is connected to the output matching section (T4); The output matching section (T4) matches the output signal and connects it to the signal output terminal; The input matching network (T1) includes a first capacitor (C1), a first switch (SW1), a first resistor (R1), and an input series-parallel network. The first terminal of the first switch (SW1) is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor (R1) and is connected to the output terminal of the input matching network (T1). The second terminal of the first switch (SW1) is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor (R1), one end of the input series-parallel network, and one end of the first capacitor (C1). The other end of the first capacitor (C1) is grounded, and the other end of the input series-parallel network is connected to the input terminal of the input matching network (T1). The switch network (T3) includes a first parallel network (Z1), a second parallel network (Z2), second to third switches (SW2 to SW3), and a first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT1). The first terminals of the first parallel network (Z1) and the second parallel network (Z2) are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure (T2), and the second terminals are both grounded. The first terminal of the second switch (SW2) is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure (T2), and the second terminal is grounded. The first terminal of the third switch (SW3) is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the balun structure (T2), and the second terminal is grounded. The two input terminals of the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT1) are respectively connected to the non-inverting and inverting output terminals of the balun structure (T2), and the output terminal of the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT1) is connected to the input terminal of the output matching section (T4).

2. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input series-parallel network includes an input series network (a1~aN) and an input parallel network (b0~bN); Starting from the output of the input matching network (T1), the input series network (a1~aN) and the input parallel network (b0~bN) are connected alternately. The specific connection method is as follows: the output port is connected to the parallel network (b0) in parallel, then connected to the first input series network (a1) in series, then connected to the first input parallel network (b1) in parallel, then connected to the second input series network (a2), and then connected to the second input parallel network (b2), and so on, until the input port of the input matching network (T1).

3. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The total number of input serial networks (a1~aN) and input parallel networks (b0~bN) can be increased or decreased according to bandwidth requirements; the Nth input parallel network (bN) at the input port can be added or omitted as needed.

4. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each unit of the input series network (a1~aN) is composed of a single inductor or an inductor-capacitor connected in series, and each unit of the input parallel network (b1~bN) is composed of a single capacitor or a capacitor-inductor connected in parallel.

5. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balun structure (T2) includes a first inductor (L1) and a second inductor (L2). The first end of the first inductor (L1) serves as the input terminal of the balun structure (T2), and the second end of the first inductor (L1) is grounded. The first and second ends of the second inductor (L2) serve as the non-inverting output terminal and the inverting output terminal of the balun structure (T2), respectively, and are connected to the input terminal of the switching network (T3).

6. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2) are spiral inductors with equal inductance values ​​and are coupled to each other in the following manner: The first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2) are located in the same metal layer and are coupled to each other by edge coupling, or the first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2) are located in different metal layers and are coupled to each other by upper and lower layer coupling and edge coupling.

7. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parallel network (Z1~Z2) is composed of a single capacitor or a capacitor and resistor connected in parallel; the first to third switches (SW1~SW3) and the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT1) are field-effect transistors or PIN diodes, respectively.

8. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output matching network (T4) includes an output series network (c1~cN) and an output parallel network (d1~dN); Starting from the input terminal of the output matching network (T4), the output series network (c1~cN) and the output parallel network (d1~dN) are connected alternately, and the specific connection method is as follows: the input port is connected in series to the first output series network (c1), then in parallel to the first output parallel network (d1), then to the second output series network (c2), and then to the second output parallel network (d2), and so on, until the output port of the output matching network (T4).

9. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The total number of the output series networks (c1~cN) and output parallel networks (d1~dN) can be increased or decreased according to the bandwidth requirements; the output parallel network (dN) at the input port can be added or omitted as needed. Each unit of the output series network (c1~cN) consists of a single inductor or an inductor-capacitor connected in series, and each unit of the output parallel network (d1~dN) consists of a single capacitor or a capacitor-inductor connected in parallel.

10. The ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter based on a balun structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, When the first switch (SW1) and the third switch (SW3) are both closed, the second switch (SW2) is open, and the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT1) turns on the same-direction end of the balun structure (T2), the phase shifter operates in the reference state; when the first switch (SW1) and the third switch (SW3) are both open, the second switch (SW2) is closed, and the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT1) turns on the reverse end of the balun structure (T2), the phase shifter operates in the phase-shifting state.

Images