A deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a deployable ultra-wideband, high-gain, wide-beam circularly polarized antenna. The antenna includes a top-mounted section of the radiating arm, an integrated feed balun, a middle deployable / retractable section of the radiating arm, a bottom-mounted section of the radiating arm, a top mounting base and connector, a built-in deployable mechanism, and a metal base plate. The bottom-mounted section of the radiating arm is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate, and the middle deployable / retractable section is connected between the top-mounted and bottom-mounted sections of the radiating arm. The integrated feed balun is embedded inside the top-mounted section of the radiating arm, and the built-in deployable mechanism is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate, connecting to the integrated feed balun within the middle deployable / retractable section of the radiating arm via the top mounting base and connector. This invention achieves the deployment and retraction of the integrated antenna through the built-in deployable mechanism, offering advantages such as small size, light weight, high retraction ratio, high reliability, and ultra-wideband capability. It is suitable for the multi-functional needs of microsatellites for wireless reconnaissance, communication, and signal acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many platform payload antennas suffer from limited functionality and fragmented design across multiple domains, directly leading to a wide variety of antenna types and excessive size and weight. This is particularly true for microsatellite platforms, where size and weight are extremely valuable resources, making antenna miniaturization and multi-functional design imperative (especially for low-frequency payload antennas). Deployable ultra-wideband antennas, as a primary technological approach, require low cost and high reliability as key indicators for evaluating their engineering application value. Current problems include:

[0003] Bottom-fed deployable linear antennas are small and lightweight, but have extremely narrow bandwidth and poor beam quality; bottom-fed deployable conical / pillar spiral antennas are small and lightweight, but have narrow bandwidth; traditional center-fed deployable planar spiral antennas are small and lightweight, but have low gain, complex deployment structure, and low reliability; deployable reflector antennas have high gain, but complex deployment mechanism, resulting in large size, heavy weight, and poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, which aims to solve the technical problem that the electrical and structural performance of current payload antennas cannot meet the requirements when used in micro and small satellites.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, comprising a fixed section at the top of the radiating arm, an integrated feed balun, a deployable / retractable section in the middle of the radiating arm, a fixed section at the bottom of the radiating arm, a top mounting base and connector, a built-in deployable mechanism, and a metal base plate; wherein:

[0006] The bottom curing section of the radiation arm is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate, and the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiation arm is connected between the top curing section and the bottom curing section of the radiation arm.

[0007] The integrated power supply balun is embedded inside the top solidification section of the radiating arm, and the built-in unfolding mechanism is fixedly installed on the metal base plate. Inside the unfolding / storage section in the middle of the radiating arm, it is connected to the integrated power supply balun via a top mounting base and connector.

[0008] Optionally, the bottom curing section of the radiation arm includes a first spiral segment of the radiation arm, a top matching circuit, a conical structure, and a protective structure. The top matching circuit is disposed between the conical structure and the protective structure and is electrically coupled to the first spiral segment of the radiation arm. The first spiral segment of the radiation arm is embedded in a groove on the outer surface of the conical structure.

[0009] Optionally, the first helical segment of the radial arm extends from the top center of the conical structure and wraps around the outer surface of the conical structure.

[0010] Optionally, the integrated power supply balun includes a parallel section of a radiating arm and a dielectric substrate. The first end of the parallel section of the radiating arm is connected to the first helical section of the radiating arm, and the second end of the parallel section of the radiating arm is connected to the top mounting base and the connector. The dielectric substrate includes a balun printed circuit board and an outer substrate disposed on both sides of the balun printed circuit board. The parallel section of the radiating arm is coupled to the balun printed circuit board.

[0011] Optionally, the top mounting base and connector include a mounting base and an RF connector. The mounting base is disposed between the top curing section of the radiating arm and the built-in unfolding mechanism. The RF connector is disposed within the mounting base and connected to the parallel section of the radiating arm of the integrated feed balun.

[0012] Optionally, the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiation arm includes a flexible structure and a second spiral section of the radiation arm. The second spiral section of the radiation arm is disposed on the outer surface of the flexible structure. The first end of the second spiral section of the radiation arm is connected to the first spiral section of the radiation arm, and the second end of the second spiral section of the radiation arm is connected to the bottom curing section of the radiation arm.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom curing section of the radiation arm includes a bottom structure and a terminal matching circuit. The bottom structure is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate and connected to the flexible structure. The terminal matching circuit is disposed within the bottom structure and connected to the second spiral section of the radiation arm.

[0014] Optionally, the flexible structure is a flexible thin layer, the bottom structure is a hollow circular shaft, and the flexible thin layer and the metal base plate are respectively disposed at both ends of the hollow circular shaft.

[0015] Optionally, the built-in unfolding mechanism is disposed between the mounting base and the connector and the metal base plate; when the built-in unfolding mechanism is unfolded, the flexible thin layer is stretched so that the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is in an unfolded state; when the built-in unfolding mechanism is not unfolded, the flexible thin layer is laid on the bottom structure so that the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is in a retracted state.

[0016] Optionally, the built-in deployment mechanism includes an energy storage rod and a locking device; when the deployment / retraction section of the radiating arm is in the retracted state, the locking device fixes the flexible thin layer in the retracted position; when the deployment / retraction section of the radiating arm is in the deployed state, the energy storage rod fixes the flexible thin layer in the deployed position.

[0017] This invention proposes a deployable ultra-wideband, high-gain, wide-beam circularly polarized antenna. The antenna includes a top-mounted section of the radiating arm, an integrated feed balun, a middle deployable / retractable section of the radiating arm, a bottom-mounted section of the radiating arm, a top mounting base and connector, a built-in deployable mechanism, and a metal base plate. The bottom-mounted section of the radiating arm is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate, and the middle deployable / retractable section connects the top-mounted and bottom-mounted sections of the radiating arm. The integrated feed balun is embedded inside the top-mounted section of the radiating arm, and the built-in deployable mechanism is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate, connecting to the integrated feed balun within the middle deployable / retractable section of the radiating arm via the top mounting base and connector. This invention, by constructing an integrated antenna and a built-in deployable mechanism, achieves the deployment and retraction of the integrated antenna, offering advantages such as small size, light weight, high retraction ratio, high reliability, ultra-wideband capability, and high retraction ratio. It is suitable for the multi-functional needs of microsatellites for wireless reconnaissance, communication, and signal acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure unfolded according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and storage state of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top curing section of the radiation arm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated power supply balun according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top mounting base and connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated standing wave coefficient in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the low-frequency normal simulation gain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency normal simulation gain according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a low-frequency left-handed polarization gain pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a high-frequency left-handed polarization gain pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the low-frequency band radiation pattern wide-angle simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the wide-angle simulation of the high-frequency radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0031] 1-Top curing section of the radiating arm; 2-Integrated power supply balun; 3-Middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm; 3a-Flexible structure; 3b-First spiral; 3c-Second spiral; 4-Bottom curing section of the radiating arm; 4a-Bottom structure; 4b-Terminal matching circuit; 5-Top mounting base and connector; 6-Built-in unfolding mechanism; 7-Metal base plate; 8-Top matching circuit; 9-Protective structure; 10-Conical structure; 11-PCB substrate; 12-Balon printed circuit; 13-Mounting base; 14-RF connector.

[0032] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, the person should consider that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.

[0037] This embodiment provides a deployable ultra-wideband, high-gain, wide-beam circularly polarized antenna that meets the electrical performance requirements of ultra-wideband, high-gain, wide-beam, and circular polarization for circularly polarized antennas, as well as the structural performance requirements of miniaturization and lightweight design. It employs an integrated design and design of the feeding structure, radiating arm, and deployment mechanism, utilizing mature composite material molding technology to achieve high packing ratio, high mechanical strength, and low cost. The technical solution of this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] This embodiment discloses a deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, which is integrated through composite material molding process and mechanical riveting. Specifically, it includes a top solidified section of the radiating arm, an integrated feed balun, a middle deployable / retractable section of the radiating arm, a bottom solidified section of the radiating arm, a top mounting base and connector, a built-in deployable mechanism, and a metal base plate.

[0039] 1) The top curing section of the radiating arm consists of a helix, a top matching circuit, and a conical composite material. The helix originates from the inner core of the top of the molded conical polyimide material and then wraps around the surface of the cone to the lower end of the cone. The top matching circuit improves the high-frequency standing wave ratio and beam pattern quality of the antenna. Thin polyimide layers are bonded to the top and outer surfaces of the molded conical polyimide material. The top curing section of the radiating arm is the high-frequency operating part of the antenna, ensuring the high-frequency circular polarization, high-gain, wide-beam radiation characteristics of the antenna.

[0040] 2) The integrated feed balun consists of an embedded parallel double wire and a dielectric substrate (replacing the traditional microstrip tapered feed balun). One end of the embedded parallel double wire is plugged into an RF connector and mounting base, the middle section is tightly coupled to the printed feed balun circuit on the dielectric substrate, and the other end extends directly into a radiating arm. This integrated feed balun eliminates solder joints, greatly enhancing the antenna's reliability. The RF signal is input from the coaxial cable connected to the RF connector, and after passing through the feed balun, it forms two equal-amplitude differential signals on the two radiating arms. The feed balun is a key element in the integrated high-reliability design of the antenna, while also efficiently utilizing the antenna's internal space, greatly ensuring antenna miniaturization and high reliability.

[0041] 3) The middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is composed of the aforementioned polyimide thin layer and the radiating arm. The polyimide thin layer serves as the attachment carrier for the radiating arm, extending integrally / naturally from the top solidified section of the radiating arm to the middle unfolding / retracting section. The middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is the main body for antenna unfolding and retracting, and also the low-frequency operating part of the antenna, ensuring the low-frequency band circular polarization, high gain, and wide beam radiation characteristics of the antenna;

[0042] 4) The bottom curing section of the radiating arm is composed of polyimide material, the radiating arm, and a terminal matching circuit. The bottom curing section is a load-bearing connection between the polyimide sheet and the metal base plate, and also serves to cure the radiating arm and the terminal matching circuit. It is an important determinant of the antenna's deployable envelope and low-frequency standing wave, ensuring the antenna's broadband standing wave characteristics.

[0043] 5) The top mounting base and connector consist of a mounting base and a self-made RF connector. As a structural component, the mounting base serves to anchor, connect, and integrate the RF connector, feed structure, top solidified section of the radiating arm, and deployable structure. The mounting base and connector are crucial structural supports for the deployable antenna design, located on the antenna's central axis, significantly reducing the difficulty of antenna deployment. Furthermore, the integrated, solderless design is one of the important guarantees of the antenna's high reliability.

[0044] 6) The deployment mechanism consists of energy storage rods, a locking device, and a hot knife. The antenna is stored via wire winding. After the hot knife is heated and disconnected, it is deployed by three to four energy storage rods. The top of the deployment mechanism connects to a mounting base and a connector, while the bottom connects to a mounting base and a base plate. The deployment mechanism and antenna in this invention are integrated into a single design, resulting in a very simple form while efficiently utilizing the antenna's internal space, ensuring miniaturization, lightweight design, low cost, and high reliability.

[0045] 7) The metal base plate is made of a surface-metallized composite material. The metal base plate is the anchoring part of the deployed antenna and serves as the mechanical interface between the antenna and the platform.

[0046] The deployable ultra-wideband, high-gain, wide-beam circularly polarized antenna provided in this embodiment consists of an integrated antenna and a built-in deployment mechanism. It boasts advantages such as small size, light weight, high coverage ratio, and high reliability. It can be manufactured using mature printed circuit technology, machining technology, and composite material molding technology, resulting in high mechanical strength, high processing precision, and low cost. This application features ultra-wideband and high coverage ratio, achieving nearly 20 octaves and a coverage ratio of nearly 10:1. The lower the design frequency, the greater the coverage ratio and bandwidth. Taking a standard 4U small satellite platform as an example, it can operate up to 0.3GHz in the low-frequency range and up to 6GHz in the high-frequency range. In the high-frequency band, it meets the requirements of a VSWR of less than 2, ±60° coverage gain greater than -2dB, maximum gain of 5dB, and ±60° wide-angle axial ratio of less than 3.5dB; in the low-frequency band, it meets the requirements of a VSWR of less than 6, ±50° coverage gain greater than -5dB, maximum gain of 0dB, and ±50° wide-angle axial ratio of less than 4.5dB. This application is particularly suitable for the multi-functional needs of microsatellites, such as wireless reconnaissance, communication, and signal acquisition.

[0047] To facilitate understanding, this embodiment presents a specific example of a deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, as follows:

[0048] Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams showing the overall structure in its unfolded and retracted states in this example. The antenna is integrated through composite material molding and mechanical riveting, specifically comprising: a top-mounted solidified section 1 of the radiating arm, an integrated feed balun 2, a middle-mounted / retracted section 3 of the radiating arm, a bottom-mounted solidified section 4 of the radiating arm, a top mounting base and connector 5, an internal unfolding mechanism 6, and a metal base plate 7. The relative positions of the antenna components are as follows: the top-mounted solidified section 1 of the radiating arm is located at the very top of the overall structure, the metal base plate 7 is located at the very bottom of the overall structure, the bottom-mounted solidified section 4 of the radiating arm is mounted on the metal base plate, and the middle-mounted / retracted section 3 of the radiating arm is located between the top-mounted solidified section 1 and the bottom-mounted solidified section 4 of the radiating arm; the top-mounted solidified section 1, the middle-mounted / retracted section 3, the bottom-mounted solidified section 4 of the radiating arm, and the metal base plate 7 are located on the surface of the overall structure, and internally, from top to bottom, the integrated feed balun 2, the top mounting base and connector 5, and the internal unfolding mechanism 6 are integrated. The overall features of the antenna are that it adopts a conical spiral antenna form with a central axis of symmetry. The unfolding mechanism 6 is located inside the cone to achieve one-dimensional vertical unfolding. At the same time, the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c are continuous / integrated from the feed port to the loading terminal. The flexible composite material is continuous / integrated from the top to the bottom of the outer surface of the overall structure.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the central unfolding / retracting section 3 of the radiating arm is mainly composed of a flexible structure 3a made of flexible composite material, and a first spiral 3b and a second spiral 3c serving as the radiating arm. The relative positions of the central unfolding / retracting section are as follows: the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c are rooted in the surface of the flexible composite material through composite material molding and sewing bonding processes, connecting to the bottom solidified section 1 of the radiating arm above and the bottom solidified section 4 of the radiating arm below. During retraction, rope technology ensures they remain within the bottom solidified section 4 of the radiating arm; during unfolding, they are taut, ensuring the envelope shape of the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c. The first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c are two beryllium bronze metal wires, symmetrical about the antenna center, with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a length of approximately 3000 mm. Their length is related to the antenna unfolding height, bottom diameter, and the number of spiral coils, and is one of the main determining factors of the radiation pattern. The central unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is characterized by the continuous integration, lightweight design, and miniaturized storage of the spirals and flexible composite material structure.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the bottom curing section 4 of the radiation arm mainly consists of a bottom structure 4a made of polyimide material and a terminal matching circuit 4b. The relative positions of the bottom curing section are as follows: the bottom structure 4a is fixed to the metal base plate 7 with screws, and the terminal matching circuit 4b is located inside the bottom structure 4a. The bottom structure 4a has a dielectric constant of 3.6~3.8, a height of 50mm, a thickness of 2-3mm, and a diameter of 360mm, slightly smaller than the platform's outline relative to the ground surface. This helps to ensure low-frequency radiation performance. The terminal matching circuit 4b acts as a bridge between the radiation arm and the metal base plate 7. The bottom curing section of the radiation arm is characterized by its hollow circular shaft shape, and the terminal matching circuit is an RC series circuit.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the top curing section 1 of the radiation arm mainly consists of a first spiral 3b, a second spiral 3c, a top matching circuit 8, a protective structure 9, and a conical structure 10. The relative positions of the top curing section are as follows: the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c are embedded in grooves on the outer surface of the conical structure 10, and the surface is then wrapped with a thin layer of composite material. The top matching circuit 8 is located between the protective structure 9 and the conical structure 10, and is electrically coupled to the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c. The conical structure 10 has a top diameter of 7mm and a bottom diameter of 33.4mm, with a centrally hollowed-out integrated power supply balun 2. The dimensional parameters can be appropriately varied according to specific design requirements, but due to design, process, and structural limitations, the top diameter should not be less than 6mm. To strengthen the structure, the top of the conical structure 10 is thickened to form the protective structure 9. The top matching circuit 8 consists of two small fan-shaped sections with an angle of approximately 90°. The top curing section of the radiation arm is characterized in that the radiation arm extends from the center of the top of the conical composite material, is wrapped around the outer surface, and is integrally formed by the bonding process. The radiation arm is embedded in the top matching circuit 8 and is connected by coupling electricity. Welding can serve as an auxiliary first section.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, the integrated power supply balun mainly consists of a first spiral 3b, a second spiral 3c, a PCB substrate 11, and a balun printed circuit 12. The relative positions of the integrated power supply balun are as follows: the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c are embedded within three PCB substrates, and the balun printed circuit 12 is located on the middle substrate, connected by soldering and bonding processes. The PCB substrate is RO5880 material with a relative permittivity of 2.2, but other materials can also be used. The outer two PCB substrates have a thickness of 0.762mm and a slot depth of 0.45mm, while the middle PCB has a thickness of 0.508mm and an outline that is a trapezoid with a top base of 2mm and a bottom base of 30mm. The integrated power supply balun is characterized in that the first spiral 3b and the second spiral 3c utilize the spacing and alignment guaranteed by the printed circuit board and are connected by coupling to the balun printed circuit; soldering can serve as an auxiliary first segment.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the top mounting base and connector 5 mainly consists of a mounting base 13 and a self-made RF connector 14. The relative positions of the top mounting base and connector are as follows: the mounting base 13 is located between the top solidified section 1 and the built-in deployment mechanism 6, while the self-made RF connector 14 is located at the center of the mounting base 13. The top mounting base and connector are characterized in that the self-made RF connector 14 has 50-ohm SMA jacks at both ends, and the mounting base is an important structural support for the deployable antenna design, highly integrating the RF connector, the built-in deployment mechanism, the integrated feed balun, and the top solidified section.

[0054] The specific results of this example are explained below:

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam antenna proposed in this invention has a passive standing wave ratio at its input port that is below 4 in the frequency band from 0.3 GHz to 6 GHz, meeting the usage requirements of practical wireless reconnaissance, communication and signal acquisition equipment.

[0056] like Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam antenna proposed in this invention has a transmit pattern gain greater than -1dB in the 0.3GHz to 0.7GHz frequency band and a ±450 beam coverage gain greater than -4.2dB.

[0057] like Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam antenna proposed in this invention has a transmit pattern gain greater than 5.2dB in the 0.8GHz to 2.0GHz frequency band and a ±600 beam coverage gain greater than -1.1dB.

[0058] like Figure 11As shown, the deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam antenna proposed in this invention has a pattern axial ratio of less than 4.5dB within the ±450° pattern width angle in the 0.3GHz to 0.7GHz frequency band.

[0059] like Figure 12 As shown, the deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam antenna proposed in this invention has a pattern axial ratio of less than 3.5dB within ±600° of the pattern width angle in the 0.8GHz to 2.0GHz frequency band.

[0060] In this embodiment, a deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna is provided. By constructing an integrated antenna and a built-in deployment mechanism, the integrated antenna can be deployed and stored using the built-in deployment mechanism. It has the advantages of small size, light weight, high storage ratio, high reliability, ultra-wideband and high storage ratio, and is suitable for the multi-functional needs of microsatellites such as wireless reconnaissance, communication and signal acquisition.

[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and do not limit the patent scope of the invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made using the contents of the invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes a top fixed section of the radiating arm, an integrated feed balun, a middle deployable / retractable section of the radiating arm, a bottom fixed section of the radiating arm, a top mounting base and connector, a built-in deployable mechanism, and a metal base plate; wherein: The bottom curing section of the radiation arm is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate, and the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiation arm is connected between the top curing section and the bottom curing section of the radiation arm. The integrated power supply balun is embedded inside the top solidified section of the radiating arm, and the built-in unfolding mechanism is fixedly set on the metal base plate. It is connected to the integrated power supply balun through the top mounting base and connector inside the unfolding / storage section in the middle of the radiating arm. The bottom curing section of the radiation arm includes a first spiral section of the radiation arm, a top matching circuit, a conical structure, and a protective structure. The top matching circuit is disposed between the conical structure and the protective structure and is electrically coupled to the first spiral section of the radiation arm. The first spiral section of the radiation arm is embedded in a groove on the outer surface of the conical structure. The first helical segment of the radial arm extends from the center of the top of the conical structure and wraps around the outer surface of the conical structure; The integrated power supply balun includes a parallel section of a radiating arm and a dielectric substrate. The first end of the parallel section of the radiating arm is connected to the first spiral section of the radiating arm, and the second end of the parallel section of the radiating arm is connected to the top mounting base and the connector. The dielectric substrate includes a balun printed circuit board and an outer substrate disposed on both sides of the balun printed circuit board. The parallel section of the radiating arm is coupled to the balun printed circuit board. The middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiation arm includes a flexible structure and a second spiral section of the radiation arm. The second spiral section of the radiation arm is disposed on the outer surface of the flexible structure. The first end of the second spiral section of the radiation arm is connected to the first spiral section of the radiation arm, and the second end of the second spiral section of the radiation arm is connected to the bottom curing section of the radiation arm.

2. The deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top mounting base and connector include a mounting base and an RF connector. The mounting base is disposed between the top solidified section of the radiating arm and the built-in unfolding mechanism. The RF connector is disposed inside the mounting base and connected to the parallel section of the radiating arm of the integrated feed balun.

3. The deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom curing section of the radiation arm includes a bottom structure and a terminal matching circuit. The bottom structure is fixedly mounted on the metal base plate and connected to the flexible structure. The terminal matching circuit is disposed within the bottom structure and connected to the second spiral section of the radiation arm.

4. The deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible structure is a flexible thin layer, and the bottom structure is a hollow circular shaft. The flexible thin layer and the metal base plate are respectively disposed at both ends of the hollow circular shaft.

5. The deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The built-in unfolding mechanism is disposed between the mounting base and the connector and the metal base plate; when the built-in unfolding mechanism is unfolded, the flexible thin layer is stretched so that the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is in an unfolded state; when the built-in unfolding mechanism is not unfolded, the flexible thin layer is laid on the bottom structure so that the middle unfolding / retracting section of the radiating arm is in a retracted state.

6. The deployable ultra-wideband high-gain wide-beam circularly polarized antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The built-in deployment mechanism includes an energy storage rod and a locking device; when the deployment / retraction section of the radiating arm is in the retracted state, the locking device fixes the flexible thin layer in the retracted position; when the deployment / retraction section of the radiating arm is in the deployed state, the energy storage rod fixes the flexible thin layer in the deployed position.

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