Method for improving heat exchange efficiency of heat pump units and unit groups

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units, which relates to the technical field of air source heat pumps. The present invention includes the following steps: S1: For a single unit, by rotating the main unit, the heat exchangers on both sides of the main unit are in the downwind direction; S2: For multiple units, by rotating all the main units, the heat exchangers on both sides of all the main units are in the downwind direction; S3: When there is no wind or the wind speed is small at the location where the unit group is located, by configuring ventilation fans outside the unit group to force air supply and destroy the cold island or hot island; S4: When the unit group does not need to operate at full load, by reasonably scheduling the operating main units to improve the energy efficiency ratio of the entire system. By setting up a wind speed and direction sensor and a main unit rotation mechanism, the main unit can rotate, making full use of the wind force to enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. By setting up ventilation fans, the adverse effects of the cold island and hot island effects of the heat pump unit on the heat exchange efficiency are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air source heat pumps, and particularly relates to a method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of heat pump units and unit groups. Background Art

[0002] An air source heat pump is an energy-saving device that uses air as a heat source and absorbs and utilizes the heat energy in the air through a working medium. It consists of four parts: an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and an expansion valve, and is a heat energy utilization system with a relatively high energy efficiency ratio.

[0003] When conducting heat exchange with air, the main unit of the heat pump (mainly composed of a heat exchanger and a fan) needs to be arranged outdoors. The heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger on the leeward side decreases, reducing the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, when multiple heat exchange units operate in combination, due to space limitations, the main units are often concentrated in a small area. When multiple main units operate simultaneously, especially when the wind speed in the environment is small or there is no wind, a cold island or a hot island will be generated in the area where the main unit group is arranged, resulting in a significant reduction in the heat exchange efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of existing heat pump units and unit groups cannot meet the requirements in actual use, so there is an urgent need for technical improvement to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of heat pump units and unit groups. By setting a wind speed and direction sensor and a main unit rotation mechanism, the main unit can rotate to make full use of the wind force to enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. By setting a ventilation fan, the adverse effects of the cold island and hot island effects of the heat pump unit on the heat exchange efficiency are reduced, and the problem that the existing heat pump units and unit groups have a fixed direction and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger on the leeward side is low is solved.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention is a method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of heat pump units and unit groups, including the following steps:

[0008] S1: For a single unit, by rotating the main unit, the heat exchangers on both sides of the main unit are in the downwind direction, so that the air flows along the heat exchanger, avoiding any heat exchanger on either side being in the leeward side, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency;

[0009] S2: For multiple units, by rotating all the main units, the heat exchangers on both sides of all the main units are in the downwind direction, so that the air flows along the heat exchangers of each main unit, avoiding any heat exchanger on either side of any main unit being in the leeward side, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency;

[0010] S3: When there is no wind or the wind speed is low at the location of the unit group, by arranging ventilation fans outside the unit group to force air supply, the cold island or hot island is destroyed, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency;

[0011] S4: When the unit group does not need to operate at full load, the energy efficiency ratio of the entire system is improved by reasonably scheduling the operating main engines.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific method in S1 is as follows:

[0013] S11: The wind speed and wind direction are detected in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor;

[0014] S12: When the wind direction is inconsistent with the initial arrangement direction of the heat exchanger, the controller issues a rotation command to control the operation of the main engine rotation mechanism;

[0015] S13: The main engine rotates by a certain main engine rotation angle, so that the current heat exchanger arrangement direction is consistent with the wind direction, so that the main engine can fully exchange heat and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the initial arrangement direction of the heat exchanger in S1 is consistent with the wind direction for most of the year in the local area.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific method in S2 is as follows:

[0018] S21: The wind speed and wind direction are detected in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor;

[0019] S22: When the wind direction changes, the controller issues a rotation command to control the operation of the main engine rotation mechanism;

[0020] S23: All main engines rotate by a certain main engine rotation angle, and the current heat exchanger arrangement direction is consistent with the wind direction, so that the heat exchangers on both sides of each main engine are not on the leeward side, and the wind power can be used to fully exchange heat;

[0021] S24: While the main engines are rotating, the controller also issues a rotation command to control the operation of the ventilation fan rotation mechanism, so that all ventilation fans also rotate by a certain ventilation fan rotation angle at the same time, so that the main axis direction of the ventilation fans is perpendicular to the heat exchanger arrangement direction, so as to reduce the obstruction of the ventilation fans to the air flow and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0022] Furthermore, the initial arrangement direction of the heat exchanger of each main engine in S2 is consistent with the wind direction for most of the year in the local area.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific method in S3 is as follows:

[0024] S31: The wind speed and wind direction are detected in real time through a wind speed and wind direction sensor;

[0025] S32: When the wind speed is less than the wind speed threshold set in the controller, the controller sends a rotation instruction to control the operation of the host rotation mechanism;

[0026] S33: Make all the hosts return to the initial layout direction of the heat exchanger;

[0027] S34: While the host is rotating, the controller also sends a rotation instruction to control the operation of the ventilation fan rotation mechanism;

[0028] S35: Make the main shaft directions of all the ventilation fans consistent with the layout direction of the heat exchanger;

[0029] S36: When the controller receives the signals that the host and the ventilation fan have rotated in place, it controls the ventilation fan to start. The ventilation fan forces the air to flow, destroys the cold island or the hot island, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchangers of each host.

[0030] Further, in S2 and S3, the ventilation fans are arranged on the outside of the unit group. And to enhance the ventilation effect, they are arranged at the middle positions of the rows or columns of the heat pump units. Also, the initial direction of the main shaft of the ventilation fan is perpendicular to the layout direction of the heat exchanger, and the thickness of the ventilation fan is as thin as possible to reduce its windward area.

[0031] Further, the specific method in S4 is as follows:

[0032] S41: First, start the host on the windward side;

[0033] S42: If all the hosts on the windward side are running at full load and still cannot meet the heating or cooling load demand, then start the host farthest from the already running host in sequence;

[0034] S43: If the heating or cooling load demand still cannot be met, then start the other hosts on the outermost side;

[0035] S44: Until all the outermost hosts are started, then start the host farthest from the already running host in the middle area in sequence to reduce the adverse effects of the cold island or hot island effect.

[0036] Further, the host includes a fan and a heat exchanger, and one or more fans and heat exchangers can be configured.

[0037] Further, the rotation of the host, the rotation of the ventilation fan, and the operation of the ventilation fan are all controlled by the controller. The controller is set as one or several of a computer, a programmable logic controller PLC, a single-chip microcomputer, or a frequency converter. The output end of the wind speed and direction sensor is electrically connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is respectively electrically connected to the input ends of the host rotation mechanism, the ventilation fan, and the ventilation fan rotation mechanism.

[0038] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. By providing a wind speed and direction sensor, a controller, and a host rotation mechanism, the host of the present invention can rotate. According to the wind direction measurement, by rotating the host, the heat exchanger is aligned with the wind direction, making full use of the wind force to enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0040] 2. By providing a ventilation fan and a ventilation fan rotation mechanism, when there is no wind or the wind speed is too low, the ventilation fan forces air circulation to enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. Moreover, the ventilation fan can rotate and can rotate with the rotation of the host, reducing the adverse effects of the cold island and hot island effects of the heat pump unit on the heat exchange efficiency.

[0041] 3. By reasonably scheduling the operation of the host, the energy efficiency ratio of the entire system is improved. First, the host on the windward side is started, then the host farthest from the already operating host is started in sequence, then the other hosts on the outermost side are started, and finally the hosts in the middle area farthest from the already operating host are started in sequence to mitigate the adverse effects of the cold island or hot island effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a top view of the air source heat pump host of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a front view of the air source heat pump host of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the host rotation of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the ventilation fan rotation of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the initial layout of the host group and ventilation fans of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the host group and ventilation fans of the present invention rotating to enhance heat exchange;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the host group and ventilation fans of the present invention when there is no wind or gentle breeze;

[0050] Figure 8Schematic diagram of improving the energy efficiency ratio of the whole system by reasonably scheduling the operation of the main engine according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 Block diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0052] In the attached drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0053] 1. Main engine; 2. Fan; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Heat exchanger arrangement direction; 5. Main engine rotation mechanism; 6. Initial heat exchanger arrangement direction; 7. Main engine rotation angle; 8. Wind direction; 9. Ventilation fan; 10. Main axis direction of the ventilation fan; 11. Initial main axis direction of the ventilation fan; 12. Ventilation fan rotation angle; 13. Ventilation fan rotation mechanism; 14. Wind speed and direction sensor; 15. Controller. Specific implementation mode

[0054] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the attached drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] Embodiment 1 Improving heat exchange efficiency according to the wind direction for a single unit

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 、 2 As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, in this embodiment, the main engine 1 is taken as an example to illustrate the method of the present invention. The main engine 1 includes two heat exchangers 3 and two fans 2. One or more heat exchangers 3 and fans 2 can also be configured. The initial heat exchanger arrangement direction 6 is consistent with the wind direction 8 for most of the year in the local area. For example, when the heat pump is mainly used for heating and the local winter wind direction is mainly northwest for most of the time, when arranging the main engine 1, if there is no influence from surrounding obstacles, etc., try to make the initial heat exchanger arrangement direction 6 point to the northwest or southeast direction.

[0057] The specific method is as follows:

[0058] S11: The wind speed and direction 8 are detected in real time through the wind speed and direction sensor 14;

[0059] S12: When the wind direction 8 is inconsistent with the initial heat exchanger arrangement direction 6, the controller 15 issues a rotation instruction to control the operation of the main engine rotation mechanism 5;

[0060] S13: The main engine 1 is rotated by a certain main engine rotation angle 7 so that the heat exchanger arrangement direction 4 is consistent with the wind direction 8 at this time, so that the main engine 1 can fully exchange heat and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0061] Among them, the main engine rotation angle 7 is based on the initial heat exchanger arrangement direction 6. The rotation can be clockwise or counterclockwise. The clockwise rotation angle is set as a negative angle, and the counterclockwise rotation angle is set as a positive angle. The angle value is greater than -90 degrees and less than +90 degrees.

[0062] Example 2: Improving Heat Exchange Efficiency of Multiple Units According to Wind Direction

[0063] Please refer to Figure 4 , 5 , as shown in Fig. 6, this example takes 16 main units 1 as an example to illustrate the method of the present invention. The method of the present invention is not limited to 16 units, and the method of the present invention is also applicable to any number of units of two or more. In this example, 16 main units 1 are arranged in a 4×4 matrix, but the method of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can also be arranged in a 2×8 or 1×16 matrix, etc. The initial arrangement direction 6 of the heat exchanger of each main unit 1 of the unit is the same and is the same as the wind direction 8 for most of the year in the local area. For example, when the heat pump is mainly used for heating and the local winter wind direction is mainly northwest for most of the time, when arranging the main unit 1, if there is no influence of surrounding obstacles, etc., try to make the initial arrangement direction 6 of the heat exchanger point to the northwest or southeast direction. One group or two groups or multiple groups of ventilation fans 9 can be configured, and each group is arranged on one side of the unit. For example Figure 5 , two groups are configured, with 3 ventilation fans 9 in each group, and each ventilation fan 9 is arranged at the middle position of the row or column of the main unit 1, and the initial direction 11 of the main shaft of the ventilation fan is perpendicular to the heat exchanger arrangement direction 4 to reduce the hindrance of the ventilation fan 9 to the air flow.

[0064] The specific method is as follows:

[0065] S21: Use the wind speed and direction sensor 14 to detect the wind speed and wind direction 8 in real time;

[0066] S22: When the wind direction 8 changes, the controller 15 issues a rotation instruction to control the operation of the main unit rotation mechanism 5;

[0067] S23: Make all the main units 1 rotate by a certain main unit rotation angle 7. At this time, the heat exchanger arrangement direction 4 is the same as the wind direction 8, so that the heat exchangers 3 on both sides of each main unit 1 are not on the leeward side, and the heat can be fully exchanged by the wind force;

[0068] S24: While the main unit 1 is rotating, the controller 15 also issues a rotation instruction to control the operation of the ventilation fan rotation mechanism 13, so that all the ventilation fans 9 also rotate by a certain ventilation fan rotation angle 12 at the same time. The ventilation fan rotation angle 12 is the same as the main unit rotation angle 7, so that the main shaft direction 10 of the ventilation fan is perpendicular to the heat exchanger arrangement direction 4 to reduce the hindrance of the ventilation fan 9 to the air flow and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0069] Among them, the main unit rotation angle 7 and the ventilation fan rotation angle 12 are based on the initial heat exchanger arrangement direction 6. The rotation can be clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation. The clockwise rotation angle is set as a negative angle, and the counterclockwise rotation angle is set as a positive angle. The angle value is greater than -90 degrees and less than +90 degrees.

[0070] Example 3: Ventilation fan reduces cold island and heat island effects and improves heat exchange efficiency

[0071] Please refer to Figure 7 As shown, when there is no wind or the wind speed is small at the location where the unit group is located, a cold island or a heat island will be formed within the unit group, resulting in a significant reduction in heat exchange efficiency.

[0072] The specific method is as follows:

[0073] S31: Use the wind speed and direction sensor 14 to detect the wind speed and direction 8 in real time;

[0074] S32: When the wind speed is less than the wind speed threshold set in the controller 15, the controller 15 sends a rotation instruction to control the operation of the main engine rotation mechanism 5;

[0075] S33: Make all the main engines 1 return to the initial layout direction 6 of the heat exchanger;

[0076] S34: While the main engine 1 is rotating, the controller 15 also issues a rotation instruction to control the operation of the ventilation fan rotation mechanism 13;

[0077] S35: Make the main shaft directions 10 of all the ventilation fans consistent with the heat exchanger layout direction 4;

[0078] S36: When the controller 15 receives the signals that the main engine 1 and the ventilation fan 9 have rotated in place, control the ventilation fan 9 to start. The ventilation fan 9 forces air flow to destroy the cold island or heat island, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 3 of each main engine 1.

[0079] Among them, when two groups of ventilation fans 9 are configured, make the main shaft directions 10 of the two groups of ventilation fans 9 point to the same direction, forming a structure in which one group of ventilation fans 9 draws air and the other group of ventilation fans 9 blows air, achieving a better ventilation effect.

[0080] Example 4: Reasonably schedule the operation of the main engine to improve the energy efficiency ratio of the whole system

[0081] Please refer to Figure 8 As shown, when the heat pump heating and cooling loads are small and the unit group does not need to operate at full load, give priority to starting the main engine 1 on the windward side to avoid the adverse effects brought by the reduction of heat exchange efficiency caused by poor air flow of the main engine 1 on the leeward side.

[0082] The specific method is as follows:

[0083] S41: First start the main engine 1 on the windward side in the dashed box;

[0084] S42: If all the main engines 1 in the dashed box are operating at full load and still cannot meet the heating or cooling load requirements, then start the main engine 1 farthest from the windward side, that isFigure 8 The main unit 1 in the upper right corner of

[0085] S43: If the heating or cooling load demand still cannot be met, then start other main units 1 on the outermost side;

[0086] S44: After all the outermost main units 1 are started, then start in sequence the main units 1 in the middle area that are farthest from the already operating main units, so as to mitigate the adverse effects of the cold island or hot island effect.

[0087] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modification to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, any equivalent replacement of some technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: For a single unit, by rotating the main unit (1), the heat exchangers (3) on both sides of the main unit (1) are placed in the downwind direction, enabling air to flow along the heat exchangers (3), preventing any of the heat exchangers (3) from being on the leeward side, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency; S2: For multiple units, by rotating all the main units (1), the heat exchangers (3) on both sides of all the main units (1) are placed in the downwind direction, enabling air to flow along the heat exchangers (3) of each main unit (1), preventing the heat exchangers (3) on any side of any main unit (1) from being on the leeward side, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency; S3: When there is no wind or the wind speed is low at the location where the unit group is located, by configuring ventilation fans (9) outside the unit group to force air supply and destroy the cold island or hot island, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency; S4: When the unit group does not need to operate at full load, by reasonably scheduling the operation of the main units (1) to improve the energy efficiency ratio of the entire system.

2. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method in S1 is as follows: S11: Use a wind speed and direction sensor (14) to detect the wind speed and direction (8) in real time; S12: When the direction (8) is inconsistent with the initial arrangement direction (6) of the heat exchanger, the controller (15) issues a rotation command to control the operation of the main unit rotation mechanism (5); S13: Rotate the main unit (1) by a certain main unit rotation angle (7) so that the current heat exchanger arrangement direction (4) is consistent with the wind direction (8), enabling the main unit (1) to fully exchange heat and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

3. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S1, the initial arrangement direction (6) of the heat exchanger (3) is consistent with the wind direction (8) for most of the year in the local area.

4. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific method in S2 is as follows: S21: Use a wind speed and direction sensor (14) to detect the wind speed and direction (8) in real time; S22: When the wind direction (8) changes, the controller (15) issues a rotation command to control the operation of the main unit rotation mechanism (5); S23: Rotate all the main units (1) by a certain main unit rotation angle (7) so that the current heat exchanger arrangement direction (4) is consistent with the wind direction (8), ensuring that the heat exchangers (3) on both sides of each main unit (1) are not on the leeward side and enabling full heat exchange using the wind force; S24: While the main units (1) are rotating, the controller (15) also issues a rotation command to control the operation of the ventilation fan rotation mechanism (13), causing all the ventilation fans (9) to rotate by a certain ventilation fan rotation angle (12) simultaneously. The ventilation fan rotation angle (12) is the same as the main unit rotation angle (7), making the main axis direction (10) of the ventilation fans perpendicular to the heat exchanger arrangement direction (4) to reduce the obstruction of the ventilation fans (9) to the air flow and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

5. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S2, the initial arrangement direction (6) of the heat exchanger (3) of each main unit (1) is consistent with the wind direction (8) for most of the year in the local area.

6. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method in S3 is as follows: S31: Use a wind speed and direction sensor (14) to detect the wind speed and direction (8) in real time; S32: When the wind speed is less than the wind speed threshold set in the controller (15), the controller (15) sends a rotation command to control the operation of the main unit rotation mechanism (5); S33: Return all the hosts (1) to the initial arrangement direction of the heat exchanger (6); S34: While the host (1) is rotating, the controller (15) also issues a rotation instruction to control the operation of the ventilation fan rotation mechanism (13); S35: Make the main shaft directions (10) of all the ventilation fans consistent with the heat exchanger arrangement direction (4); S36: After the controller (15) receives the signals that the host (1) and the ventilation fan (9) have rotated in place, control the ventilation fan (9) to start. The ventilation fan (9) forces air flow to destroy the cold island or hot island, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger (3) of each host (1).

7. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2 and S3, the ventilation fan (9) is arranged on the outer side of the unit group. And to enhance the ventilation effect, it is arranged at the middle position of the heat pump unit row or column. The initial main shaft direction (11) of the ventilation fan is perpendicular to the heat exchanger arrangement direction (4), and the body thickness of the ventilation fan (9) is as thin as possible to reduce its windward area.

8. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific method in S4 is as follows: S41: First, start the host (1) on the windward side; S42: If all the hosts (1) on the windward side are running at full load and still cannot meet the heating or cooling load demand, then start the host (1) that is farthest from the already running host in sequence; S43: If it still cannot meet the heating or cooling load demand, then start the other hosts (1) on the outermost side; S44: After all the outermost hosts (1) are started, then start the host (1) that is farthest from the already running host in the middle area in sequence to reduce the adverse effects of the cold island or hot island effect.

9. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to claim 1, characterized in that The host (1) includes a fan (2) and a heat exchanger (3), and one or more of the fan (2) and the heat exchanger (3) can be configured.

10. The method for improving the heat exchange efficiency of a heat pump unit and a group of units according to any one of claims 2, 4, 6, and 8, characterized in that The rotation of the host (1), the rotation of the ventilation fan (9), and the operation of the ventilation fan (9) are all controlled by the controller (15). The controller (15) is set as one or several of a computer, a programmable logic controller PLC, a single-chip microcomputer, or an inverter. The output end of the wind speed and direction sensor (14) is electrically connected to the input end of the controller (15), and the output end of the controller (15) is electrically connected to the input ends of the host rotation mechanism (5), the ventilation fan (9), and the ventilation fan rotation mechanism (13).

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