A method for storing test results of a relay protection and a consistency confirmation method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of relay protection, and particularly relates to a relay protection test result storage method and a consistency confirmation method, which extracts image information and electronic tag information of a test device; carries out digital signature on a test report of the test device to obtain a test report with digital signature; generates a test report digital digest; obtains image information digital digest through the image information, the electronic tag information and a hash function; and uploads the test report digital digest and the image information digital digest to a consortium chain, and the uploading process is subjected to consistency confirmation through combination of PoW algorithm and PBFT algorithm. Due to the characteristics of the hash function and the characteristics of the block record with time stamp, the image information, the RFID tag information, the test report content, the test personnel signature and the time of record generation of the test device are theoretically unchangeable thereafter, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the chained data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of relay protection, specifically relating to a method for storing relay protection test results and a method for confirming consistency. Background Technology

[0002] Power system relay protection devices detect faults or anomalies in the power system, issue trip commands or alarm signals, and isolate or disconnect the faulty parts. The effective and reliable operation of relay protection devices is directly related to the safety of the power grid. Relay protection devices undergo comprehensive functional testing using relay protection testers before leaving the factory, before commissioning, and during operation. Their previous test reports are important reference materials when analyzing faults in relay protection devices. However, currently, relay protection device test reports are either stored in paper form or in centralized databases, which cannot solve the problem of test reports being easily tampered with or forged, nor can the one-to-one correspondence between test reports and the corresponding physical relay protection devices be verified.

[0003] Blockchain is a chain-like data structure with blocks as the basic unit. Digital digests within each block verify previous records, enabling tamper-proofing and anti-forgery measures in distributed ledger scenarios. Currently, blockchain technology has been explored and applied in financial services, credit management, and logistics and supply chain sectors. However, in the application of blockchain technology in power system relay protection testing, the consistency of data uploaded to the consortium blockchain when the test report of the tested equipment is uploaded cannot be reliably confirmed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a method for storing relay protection test results and a method for confirming consistency, in order to solve the problems in the prior art where test reports of the tested equipment are stored in paper form, or are entered into a centralized database where security is not guaranteed, and the consistency of the data uploaded to the blockchain cannot be guaranteed when the test reports of the tested equipment are uploaded.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for storing relay protection test results includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Extract the image information and electronic tag information of the device under test;

[0008] Step 2: Digitally sign the test report of the tested equipment to obtain a digitally signed test report; process the digitally signed test report using a hash function to generate a digital digest of the test report;

[0009] Step 3: Process the image information and electronic tag information of the test device using a hash function to generate a digital digest of the image information;

[0010] Step four: Upload the digital digests of the test reports and image information obtained in steps two and three to the consortium blockchain, and transmit the test reports of the tested devices to the cloud server.

[0011] Preferably, in step one, the image information of the test device includes a photograph of the test device.

[0012] Preferably, the electronic tag of the tested device includes a QR code and an encrypted RFID chip.

[0013] Preferably, the test report of the device under test is digitally signed using an electronic key with a private key.

[0014] Preferably, step three specifically involves:

[0015] An initial digital digest of the image information is generated using the image information of the test device and a hash function. A key-value pair is formed using the digital digest of the image information and the electronic tag information of the test device. The digital digest of the image information is then obtained using the key-value pair and a hash function.

[0016] Preferably, in step four, the test report of the tested device is packaged and transmitted to the cloud server using a symmetric encryption algorithm.

[0017] A method for confirming the consistency of relay protection test results includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Use the PoW algorithm to obtain k committee nodes from the consortium blockchain;

[0019] Step 2: Based on the k committee nodes obtained in Step 1 and the PBTF consensus algorithm, confirm the consistency between the digital digest of the test report and the digital digest of the image information obtained by the relay protection test result storage method and the upload result uploaded to the consortium blockchain.

[0020] Preferably, the number of committee nodes k satisfies:

[0021] N≤k≤2N

[0022] In the formula, N is the total number of nodes in the consortium blockchain.

[0023] The advantages of this invention are:

[0024] Digital digests are selected as on-chain data from test reports with digital signatures and test device image information combined with test device electronic tag information. The original data is encrypted and transmitted to the cloud server, eliminating the risk of information leakage after data storage on other nodes, and there is no need to worry about the risk of public network vulnerabilities.

[0025] By combining the PoW and PBFT algorithms, the consistency of on-chain data is guaranteed, ensuring security and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for storing relay protection test results;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a consortium blockchain.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the consistency verification method;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step two in the consistency verification method. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0032] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this invention is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for storing relay protection test results, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: The device under test is required to have an electronic tag containing a QR code and an encrypted RFID chip affixed to a prominent location. Before the test begins, the test personnel collect image information of the device under test and read the electronic tag information of the device under test through the QR code and RFID chip.

[0036] Step two: After completing the relay protection test and generating the test report, the test personnel insert an electronic key containing their private key into the relay protection tester to digitally sign the test report. The test report with the digital signature is then used to generate a digital digest of the test report through a hash function.

[0037] Step 3: Use a hash function to generate a digital digest of the subject's device image information file. Then, use the read encrypted RFID tag information as the second input to form a key-value pair. Use a hash function (such as HMAC-SHA516) with the key-value pair as input to obtain the digital digest of the image file.

[0038] Step four: Log in to the blockchain service platform and store the digital digests of the test report and image files generated in steps two and three on the consortium blockchain. Due to the characteristics of hash functions and the timestamp feature of block records, the image information of the tested device, RFID tag information, test report content, test personnel signatures, and the time of record generation are theoretically unalterable thereafter. (Consortium blockchain, for example...) Figure 3 As shown.

[0039] The raw data from the relay protection tester is encrypted, packaged, and uploaded to the cloud server. This raw data allows for easy calculation of the on-chain data digest, which can then be compared with data in the blockchain network to verify whether the test report has been tampered with or forged, and to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the test report and the corresponding test personnel and physical relay protection device.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a consistency verification method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Use the PoW algorithm to obtain k committee nodes from the consortium blockchain;

[0043] Assuming the total number of nodes in the consortium blockchain is N, and the number of committee nodes obtained by the PoW consensus algorithm from the consortium blockchain is k, and considering that all nodes are stably online, the requirements are:

[0044] N≤k≤2N

[0045] Step 2: Only the committee nodes generated in the first phase participate in the PBTF consensus algorithm to ensure reasonable network overhead;

[0046] The node with the smallest given block hash value is set as the master node, and the remaining committee nodes are set as replica nodes.

[0047] The client sends the consensus request to the master node;

[0048] If the master node engages in malicious or faulty behavior, it enters the view switching protocol, sends a view switching message, and sets the node with the second smallest block hash value given in the first phase as the master node. If the master node engages in honest behavior, it generates a pre-preparation message and broadcasts it to all replica nodes. When a replica node receives the message from the master node, it performs a consistency check on the message. If the check passes, it stores the message locally on the node, adds a signature to the message, and sends the pre-preparation message to other nodes.

[0049] When the primary node or replica node receives 2f consistent preparation messages (including the preparation message of the local node), it performs a consistency check on the message. If the check passes, the message is stored locally on the node, and a signature is added to the message to generate an acknowledgment message which is then broadcast to other committee nodes.

[0050] Once the master node or replica node receives 2f+1 consistent confirmation messages (including confirmation messages from the local node), it will execute the smart contract contained in the message and return the execution result to the client, thus completing the consensus.

[0051] Where f is the maximum number of Byzantine nodes, and the total number of nodes N≥3f+1; nodes that perform malicious or faulty behavior are Byzantine nodes.

[0052] The method described above, which constructs committee nodes participating in the PBFT consensus using an improved PoW consensus algorithm, has the following advantages:

[0053] It does not rely on the reputation value or other historical status of each participating node, thus avoiding problems such as master node conflicts caused by errors in recording the historical status of nodes;

[0054] The improved PoW consensus algorithm does not directly generate block-producing nodes, but is used to dynamically generate committee nodes participating in the PBFT consensus algorithm. This avoids the disadvantages of high computing power consumption and low efficiency of the traditional PoW consensus algorithm, and can better adapt to the actual situation where relay protection testers are large and dispersed as lightweight nodes in consortium blockchains and the online status of the network cannot be guaranteed.

[0055] The advantages of this invention are:

[0056] By simultaneously collecting the physical image features of the test device and the corresponding electronic tag information at the work site, it is equivalent to generating a digital fingerprint of the test device. After being stored on the blockchain along with the test report, the problem of the test device not matching the test report is prevented to the greatest extent.

[0057] Innovatively, by providing testers with a U-key, the relay protection tester reads the private key in the U-key, thus conveniently and quickly realizing the digital signature of the test report.

[0058] A consortium blockchain solution is adopted, with the tested equipment manufacturer, relay protection tester manufacturer, power company, and the construction, supervision, and power users of the project acting as full nodes in the consortium blockchain, while the relay protection tester joins as a lightweight node. The PoW+PBFT combined consensus algorithm ensures the consistency of on-chain data, achieving an optimal balance between security, reliability, and efficiency.

[0059] The data uploaded to the blockchain is only a digital digest. The original data is packaged and encrypted using a symmetric encryption algorithm and transmitted to the cloud server. This fundamentally eliminates the risk of information leakage after the data is stored on other nodes, and there is no need to worry about the risk of public network vulnerabilities.

[0060] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0062] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for storing relay protection test results, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Extract the image information and electronic tag information of the device under test; Step 2: Digitally sign the test report of the tested equipment to obtain a digitally signed test report; process the digitally signed test report using a hash function to generate a digital digest of the test report; Step 3: Process the image information and electronic tag information of the test device using a hash function to generate a digital digest of the image information; Step 4: Upload the digital digest of the test report and the digital digest of the image information obtained in Steps 2 and 3 to the consortium blockchain, and transmit the test report of the tested device to the cloud server; The electronic tags on the tested devices include QR codes and encrypted RFID chips; Use an electronic key with a private key to digitally sign the test report of the device under test; Step 3 specifically involves: generating an initial digital digest of the image information using the image information of the test device and a hash function; constructing key-value pairs using the digital digest of the image information and the electronic tag information of the test device; and obtaining the digital digest of the image information using the key-value pairs and a hash function. In step four, the test report of the tested device is packaged and transmitted to the cloud server using a symmetric encryption algorithm.

2. The method for storing relay protection test results as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the image information of the test device includes a photograph of the test device.

3. A method for confirming the consistency of relay protection test results, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Use the PoW algorithm to obtain k committee nodes from the consortium blockchain; Step 2: Based on the k committee nodes obtained in Step 1 and the PBTF consensus algorithm, confirm the consistency between the digital digest of the test report and the digital digest of the image information obtained by the relay protection test result storage method described in any one of claims 1 to 2 and the upload result uploaded to the consortium blockchain.

4. The method for confirming the consistency of relay protection test results as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The number of committee nodes k satisfies: N≤k≤2N In the formula, N is the total number of nodes in the consortium blockchain, and all nodes are stably online.

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