Beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology and discloses a beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna, comprising a radiating component and a feeding component. The radiating component comprises 12 radiating patches arranged in a circular pattern with equal spacing, and a first feeding structure. The feeding component comprises a first power divider, a second power divider, a second feeding structure, and a third feeding structure stacked from top to bottom. The first power divider has a one-to-twelve structure, and after receiving a signal from the third feeding structure, it transmits the signal to the 12 first feeding structures and radiating patches, forming an omnidirectional beam. The second power divider and the second feeding structure each have three signals, and after receiving a signal from the second feeding structure, the signals are split into two paths and transmitted to two adjacent first feeding structures and radiating patches, forming a directional beam. This beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna can achieve beam reconfiguration with a relatively simple structure, thereby meeting the diverse needs of users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a millimeter wave antenna with reconfigurable beams. Background Art

[0002] Fifth-generation mobile communication systems (5G) are developing rapidly. Compared to previous generations, 5G offers higher communication speeds, lower latency, and greater communication capacity. To achieve these advantages, communication systems place higher demands on various components, especially antennas. Insufficient channel capacity has always been a key issue for communication systems. The rapid growth of various mobile terminals and wireless data services in 5G has exacerbated this problem. The 5G millimeter-wave frequency band boasts gigabit-level bandwidth capacity, making channel resources more abundant than those in lower-frequency bands. Therefore, millimeter-wave antennas have become a hot research area in mobile communications. Millimeter-wave communication systems possess significant spectrum resources, but they also present some challenges. As signal frequencies increase to millimeter-wave levels, electromagnetic waves are significantly absorbed by water and air when propagating in the atmosphere, significantly reducing signal propagation distance. This makes millimeter-wave signals more suitable for line-of-sight transmission and unsuitable for existing outdoor applications. This characteristic also limits the wider adoption of millimeter-wave technology.

[0003] Furthermore, most millimeter-wave antennas have a narrow radiation beam coverage range, making them difficult to meet the application scenarios of next-generation mobile communication systems. To address this, millimeter-wave antennas typically require multi-beam reconfigurable solutions to achieve wide-area signal coverage. In millimeter-wave antenna arrays, the feed network is a crucial component for beam reconfiguration. However, existing reconfigurable feed networks generally suffer from design complexity and bulkiness, making them unsuitable for large-scale commercial deployment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is made to solve the above technical problems, and its purpose is to provide a beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna that can achieve beam reconfiguration with a relatively simple structure to meet various needs of users.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a millimeter-wave antenna with beam reconfigurability, comprising: a radiation component, including an annular first substrate and a second substrate, the second substrate being sleeved on the outer periphery of the first substrate, 12 radiation patches being equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the second substrate, 12 first feeding structures being equidistantly arranged on the first substrate, an excitation slot facing the radiation patch being arranged on the outer surface of each first feeding structure, and an input port being arranged at the lower end; a feeding component, including a third substrate, a fourth substrate, a fifth substrate and a sixth substrate stacked together in sequence from top to bottom, wherein a one-to-twelve first power divider is arranged on the third substrate, its output port facing the input port of the first feeding structure, three angularly symmetric one-to-two second power dividers are arranged on the fourth substrate, their output ports respectively facing the input ports of two adjacent first feeding structures, three angularly symmetric second feeding structures are arranged on the fifth substrate, their output ports being connected to the input ports of the second power dividers via coaxial cables, and a third feeding structure is arranged on the sixth substrate, its output port being connected to the input port of the first power divider via a coaxial cable; wherein each of the feeding structures and power dividers is a substrate integrated waveguide structure.

[0006] Preferably, the radiation patch is in the shape of the Chinese character "Fu".

[0007] Preferably, the excitation slot faces the "mouth" part of the radiation patch.

[0008] Preferably, the vertical distance between the right side of the radiation patch and the right edge of the first feeding structure is 0.5 - 1.2 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the diameters of the first substrate and the second substrate are 18 mm and the thickness is 0.257 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the first power divider includes: six first metal vias evenly surrounding the outer periphery of a coaxial cable at the center, six first separation bands facing the first metal vias, and six second separation bands respectively arranged between the first separation bands; wherein both the first separation bands and the second separation bands are in the shape of a Chinese character "ren" composed of metal vias; an installation hole facing the input port of the first feeding structure is arranged between adjacent first separation bands and second separation bands.

[0011] Preferably, the second power divider includes: a "ren"-shaped third separation band and a "ren"-shaped fourth separation band arranged therein; wherein the head of the third separation band is a coaxial cable for feeding in a signal; an installation hole facing the input port of the first feeding structure is arranged between adjacent third separation bands and fourth separation bands.

[0012] Preferably, the first feeding structure is quadrilateral, the input port at the lower end is inserted into the mounting holes on the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the other three sides are metal vias, and the inner and outer surfaces of the first substrate are covered with a metal layer.

[0013] Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the third substrate, the fourth substrate, the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate are all covered with a metal layer; the second feeding structure and the third feeding structure are quadrilaterals, with one side being a feeding port, the other three sides being metal vias, and the middle being a coaxial line for feeding out signals.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the third substrate, the fourth substrate, the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate is 0.787 mm.

[0015] According to the above description and practice, the beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna of the present invention feeds the radiating component through a third feeding structure or a different second feeding structure, and can generate radiation signals in different beam forms, including three directional and one omnidirectional radiation modes, which can enable the antenna to be used in different scenarios and meet the complex and diversified needs of current users. In addition, each radiating patch in the beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna is provided on a ring-shaped second substrate, so that the radiating patch forms a conformal structure, reduces the aperture size of the antenna, improves the gain of the antenna, and ultimately obtains a high-gain antenna with low cross-polarization. In addition, the feeding structure and power splitter structure in the beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna both adopt a substrate-integrated waveguide structure, which can stack the four substrates in the feeding component together, greatly reducing the volume of the feeding component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 3D structural diagram and exploded schematic diagram of a beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 3D and 3D are three-dimensional views and top views of a unit structure in a radiation component involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a feeding assembly involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of each layer of the feeding assembly involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a performance diagram of a unit structure in a radiation component involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6This is the radiation pattern of a unit structure in a radiation component involved in an embodiment of the present invention at frequencies of 25 GHz, 26 GHz, and 27 GHz.

[0022] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a performance diagram of a radiation component involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a directional diagram of a radiating component involved in one embodiment of the present invention when fed by different feeding ports.

[0024] The reference numerals in the figures are:

[0025] 10. Radiating component; 11. Radiating patch; 12. Excitation slot; 20. Feeding component; 21. Coaxial line; 22. First metal via; 31. First substrate; 32. Second substrate; 33. Third substrate; 34. Fourth substrate; 35. Fifth substrate; 36. Sixth substrate; 41. First feeding structure; 42. Second feeding structure; 43. Third feeding structure; 51. First power divider; 52. Second power divider; 61. First separating strip; 62. Second separating strip; 63. Third separating strip; 64. Fourth separating strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0027] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the terms "including", "configured with", and "set on" are used to express open-ended inclusion and mean that in addition to the listed elements / components / etc., there may be additional elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the number or order of their objects; the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] This embodiment discloses a beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna. Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure and decomposition structure of the beam reconfigurable millimeter wave antenna are shown. FIG1a shows the three-dimensional perspective structure of the antenna. Figure 1 b shows the structure of the second substrate and the radiation patch thereon, Figure 1 c shows the first substrate and the first feeding structure thereon, Figure 1 d shows a perspective view of the feed assembly. Figure 2 a shows a perspective view of a unit structure in a radiation component, Figure 2 b is a top view of the unit structure. Figure 3 The exploded structure of the feed assembly is shown. Figure 4 a shows the planar structure of the third substrate, Figure 4 b shows the planar structure of the fourth substrate, Figure 4 c shows the planar structure of the fifth substrate, Figure 4 d shows the planar structure of the sixth substrate. Figure 1-Figure 3 All drawings are perspective.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 a- Figure 4 d. In this embodiment, the beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna includes a radiating component 10 and a feeding component 20. The radiating component 10 includes 12 radiating elements, and the feeding component 20 includes four feeding paths, which can feed all or some of the 12 radiating elements, thereby achieving radiation signals with different beam forms.

[0031] Specifically, the radiation component 10 includes a first substrate 31 and a second substrate 32 with two inner and outer layers, both of which are annular structures. The second substrate 32 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first substrate 31. Twelve radiation patches 11 are equidistantly provided on the second substrate 32, and 12 first feeding structures 41 facing the radiation patches 11 are equidistantly provided on the first substrate 31. The outer surface of each first feeding structure 41 is provided with an excitation slot 12 facing the radiation patch 11, and the lower end of the first feeding structure 41 is provided with an input port. In this embodiment, the first feeding structure 41 adopts a substrate integrated waveguide structure. After the signal is fed into the input port, it can be fed out from the excitation slot 12, thereby realizing feeding to the radiation patch 11. Please refer to Figure 2 The radiation component 10 can be regarded as consisting of 12 Figure 2 It is composed of a unit structure in which some or all of the units can generate beams of different modes when working.

[0032] The feed assembly 20 includes a third substrate 33, a fourth substrate 34, a fifth substrate 35, and a sixth substrate 36, stacked sequentially from top to bottom. A first power divider 51, which divides one into twelve, is located on the third substrate 33. Its output port faces the input port of the first feed structure 41, and its input port is provided with a coaxial line 21. A third feed structure 43 is located on the sixth substrate 36, and its output port is connected to the input port of the first power divider 51 via the coaxial line 21. Both the first power divider 51 and the third feed structure 43 are substrate-integrated waveguide structures. After the signal is fed into the input port of the third feed structure 43, it is transmitted via the coaxial line 21 into the first power divider 51, where it is further divided into twelve signals, which then enter each of the first feed structures 41 and ultimately reach each of the radiating patches 11. Since the 12 radiation patches 11 are evenly arranged on the second substrate 32 , after the signal is fed into the antenna through the feeding port of the third feeding structure 43 , the 12 radiation patches 11 work simultaneously, thereby achieving omnidirectional signal radiation.

[0033] Three angularly symmetrical second power dividers 52, each splitting into two, are provided on the fourth substrate 34. Their two output ports face the input ports of two adjacent first feeding structures 41, and their input ports are connected to coaxial lines 21. Three angularly symmetrical second feeding structures 42 are provided on the fifth substrate 35. Their output ports are connected to the input ports of the second power dividers 52 via coaxial lines 21. Both the second power dividers 52 and the second feeding structures 42 are substrate-integrated waveguide structures. After a signal is fed into the input port of the second feeding structure 42, it is transmitted via the coaxial lines 21 into the second power divider 52, where it is then split into two signals, which then enter the two adjacent first feeding structures 41 and ultimately reach the two adjacent radiating patches 11. Since the three second power dividers 52 and the second feeding structure 42 are angularly symmetrically arranged, when power is fed simultaneously through the three second feeding structures 42, a total of six radiation patches 11 are in operation, and three radiation beams with an included angle of 120° are generated; in addition, according to actual needs, signals can be fed only to the feeding ports of any one or two second feeding structures 42, thereby achieving the effect of radiating signals only in the required direction.

[0034] In this beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna, the radiation component 10 is fed through the third feeding structure 43 or different second feeding structures 42, and radiation signals with different beam forms can be generated, including three directional and one omnidirectional radiation patterns, enabling the antenna to be applied in different scenarios and meet the complex and diverse needs of current users. Additionally, in this beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna, each radiation patch 11 is arranged on the annular second substrate 32, forming a conformal structure for the radiation patch 11, reducing the aperture size of the antenna, increasing the antenna gain, and ultimately obtaining a high-gain antenna with low cross-polarization. Furthermore, both the feeding structure and the power division structure in this beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna adopt substrate integrated waveguide structures, and the four substrates in the feeding component 20 can be stacked together, greatly reducing the volume of the feeding component 20.

[0035] In this embodiment, the radiation patch 11 has a "Fu" character structure and can form a radiation signal with relatively high gain. The "mouth" part in the radiation patch 11 is arranged facing the excitation slot 12 in the first feeding structure 41, and at this time, the radiation patch 11 can achieve a better radiation effect. Additionally, as shown in Figure 2 b, the vertical distance between the right side of the radiation patch 11 and the right edge of the first feeding structure 41 is 0.5 - 1.2 mm. At this time, the "mouth" part and the "field" part in the radiation patch 11 are located in the middle of the first feeding structure 41, which can further improve the radiation effect of the radiation patch 11. Among them, Figure 2 The parameter dimensions of the radiation patch 11 are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1 (unit: mm):

[0037] parameter <![CDATA[L0]]> <![CDATA[R0]]> θ β α <![CDATA[W1]]> <![CDATA[W2]]> <![CDATA[W3]]> Numerical 10 18 15.2° 7.8° 12.5° 0.465 0.44 1.18 parameter <![CDATA[W4]]> <![CDATA[W5]]> <![CDATA[W6]]> <![CDATA[W7]]> <![CDATA[L1]]> <![CDATA[L2]]> <![CDATA[L3]]> <![CDATA[L4]]> Numerical 0.54 3.09 0.47 0.59 2.12 3.8 3.2 2.56 parameter <![CDATA[L5]]> <![CDATA[L6]]> <![CDATA[L7]]> <![CDATA[L8]]> <![CDATA[FL1]]> <![CDATA[FL2]]> <![CDATA[FL3]]> Numerical 4.28 0.96 0.8 0.8 1.925 6.25 1.53

[0038] The radiation patch 11 with this structural form and parameters has a relatively wide bandwidth, can achieve a relatively high gain within the range of 24.7 - 27.5 GHz, and these parameters can make the current on the surface of the radiation patch 11 oscillate regularly, effectively reducing the cross-polarization level (< -25 dB).

[0039] In this embodiment, the radii of the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32 are 18 mm and the thickness is 0.257 mm. In this structural form, the two can be tightly and firmly sleeved together to ensure good feeding effect between the first feeding structure 41 and the radiation structure.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 4 a - Figure 4d. The first power divider 51 adopts a substrate integrated waveguide structure, so the upper and lower surfaces of the third substrate 33 are covered with a metal layer, so that the electromagnetic waves fed by the coaxial line 21 can be confined in the middle of the third substrate 33, and then the electromagnetic waves are diverted through a number of metal vias on the substrate, and finally a one-to-twelve power dividing effect is achieved. Specifically, the center of the third substrate 33 is the coaxial line 21, and six first metal vias 22 are evenly arranged on its periphery. The electromagnetic waves fed by the coaxial line 21 will be diverted into six signals by the six first metal vias 22, and the six signals will diffuse to the periphery through the middle of two adjacent first metal vias 22 respectively; six first separation zones 61 are evenly arranged on the periphery of the first metal via 22, so that the six diverted signals will not interfere with each other. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the first separation zone 61 is a herringbone structure composed of several metal vias. The electromagnetic wave signal can be confined between two adjacent first separation zones 61 and the metal layers above and below the substrate. A second separation zone 62 is provided between each of the adjacent first separation zones 61. Figure 4 As shown in a, the second separation zone 62 is also a "human" shaped structure composed of several metal vias. Its size is smaller than the first separation zone 61, and it can split the electromagnetic wave signal between two adjacent first separation zones 61 into two paths, ultimately achieving the effect of splitting the signal fed by the coaxial line 21 into twelve paths. Between adjacent separation zones is the output end of the power divider, which is provided with a mounting hole facing the input port of the first feeding structure 41. When in use, the input port of the first feeding structure 41 is inserted into the mounting hole and can receive the signal output by the first power divider 51. This type of first power divider 51 is small in size and has a uniform diversion effect, which can ensure that the signal strength reaching the radiation patch 11 on each path is the same, further improving the omnidirectional performance of the antenna.

[0041] The third feeding structure 43 on the sixth substrate 36 cooperates with the first power divider 51, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 4 , the third feeding structure 43 is also a substrate-integrated waveguide structure. The upper and lower surfaces of the sixth substrate 36 are metal layers. The third feeding structure 43 is generally quadrilateral, with one side being a feeding port that can be connected to a feeding line, the other three sides being metal vias, and the center being a coaxial line 21 for feeding out signals, which is connected to the first power divider 51 on the third substrate 33. The electromagnetic wave signal fed from the feeding port is confined to the space formed by the metal via and the metal layer, and then fed into the first power divider 51 via the coaxial line 21.

[0042] The second feeding structure 42 and the third feeding structure 43 have the same structure, see Figure 4c. The second feeding structure 42 is also a substrate integrated waveguide structure. The upper and lower surfaces of the fifth substrate 35 are metal layers. The second feeding structure 42 is a quadrilateral as a whole. One side of the second feeding structure 42 is a feeding port that can be connected to the feeding line. The other three sides are metal vias. The middle part is the coaxial line 21 for feeding out the signal, which is connected to the second power divider 52 on the fourth substrate 34. It should be noted that Figure 1 The structure of the connection part of the second feeding structure 42 and the third feeding structure 43 with the feed line is also shown in FIG. This part is not the innovation of the present application. In order to clearly show the specific structure of the feeding structure, Figure 4 This part of the structure is hidden.

[0043] The second power divider 52 includes two inner and outer separation zones, namely a third separation zone 63 and a fourth separation zone 64. Figure 4 b. The fourth dividing strip 64 is arranged in the third dividing strip 63. Both of them are "human" shaped structures. Therefore, they can form two channels for accommodating electromagnetic wave signals with the metal layers on the upper and lower surfaces of the fourth substrate 34. The head of the third dividing strip 63 is the coaxial line 21 for feeding the signal. The coaxial line 21 extends into the second feeding structure 42 on the fifth substrate 35 and can receive the signal fed by the second feeding structure 42 and then divide it into two paths. A mounting hole facing the input port of the first feeding structure 41 is provided between the adjacent third dividing strips 63 and the fourth dividing strips 64. When in use, the input port of the first feeding structure 41 is inserted into the mounting hole and can receive the signal output by the first power divider 51. Therefore, a second feeding structure 42 and a second power divider 52 can feed two adjacent radiation patches 11 to form a directional beam.

[0044] In this embodiment, three second power dividers 52 and three second feeding structures 42 are angularly symmetrically arranged on the fourth substrate 34 and the fifth substrate 35, respectively, which can feed the two radiation patches 11 in the radiation component 10 respectively, forming three directional beams with an angle of 120°.

[0045] The first feeding structure 41 is also quadrilateral, with the input port at its lower end inserted into the mounting holes on the third and fourth substrates 33 and 34. The other three sides are metal vias, and the inner and outer surfaces of the first substrate 31 are covered with a metal layer. Therefore, the signal fed from the first power divider 51 or the second power divider 52 can be confined to the cavity formed by the metal vias and the metal layer, and ultimately transmitted to the radiating patch 11 facing the radiating patch 11 through the excitation slot 12 on the outer surface for signal radiation.

[0046] In this embodiment, the thickness of the third substrate 33, the fourth substrate 34, the fifth substrate 35, and the sixth substrate 36 is 0.787 mm, which enables signals with a frequency of 24.7-27.5 GHz to achieve optimal signal transmission performance in the feed structure and power splitter structure therein, with low broadband loss.

[0047] Figure 5-Figure 8 This is a performance test diagram of the relevant radiation structure in this embodiment. Figure 5 The figure shows the performance of a unit structure in the radiating component, including S parameters and peak gain; Figure 6 The directional pattern of a unit structure in the radiating component at frequencies of 25 GHz, 26 GHz, and 27 GHz is shown; Figure 7 shows the performance graph of the radiating component, including S parameters and peak gain; Figure 8 The figure shows the directional diagram of the radiating component when it is fed by different feeding ports, wherein: Figure 8 a is the directional diagram when the third feeding structure is used for feeding, Figure 8 b- Figure 8 Figures d and d respectively represent the directional patterns when fed using a second feed structure. As can be seen from the figures, the antenna achieves a high radiation gain of 6.8dBi within the operating bandwidth, a cross-polarization ratio below -20dB, and a front-to-back ratio exceeding 15dB, demonstrating excellent radiation characteristics. The antenna achieves high-gain directional radiation of 10dBi in the 0°, 120°, and 240° directions, as well as omnidirectional radiation with a gain of 5dBi.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna, characterized in that: Comprising: A radiation component, including a circular first substrate and a second substrate. The second substrate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first substrate. 12 radiation patches are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the second substrate. 12 first feeding structures are equidistantly arranged on the first substrate. An excitation slot facing the radiation patch is arranged on the outer surface of each first feeding structure, and an input port is arranged at the lower end. A feeding component, including a third substrate, a fourth substrate, a fifth substrate and a sixth substrate stacked together in sequence from top to bottom. Among them, a one-to-twelve first power divider is arranged on the third substrate, and its output port faces the input port of the first feeding structure. Three two-way second power dividers symmetrically arranged at three corners are arranged on the fourth substrate, and their output ports respectively face the input ports of two adjacent first feeding structures. Three second feeding structures symmetrically arranged at three corners are arranged on the fifth substrate, and their output ports are connected to the input ports of the second power dividers via coaxial cables. A third feeding structure is arranged on the sixth substrate, and its output port is connected to the input port of the first power divider via a coaxial cable. Among them Each of the feeding structures and power dividers is a substrate integrated waveguide structure.

2. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, wherein The radiation patch is in the shape of a "Fu" character.

3. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 2, wherein The excitation slot faces the "mouth" part in the radiation patch.

4. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 3, wherein The vertical distance between the right side of the radiation patch and the right edge of the first feeding structure is 0.5 - 1.2 mm.

5. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, wherein The diameters of the first substrate and the second substrate are 18 mm, and the thicknesses are 0.257 mm.

6. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first power divider includes: six first metal vias evenly surrounding the outer periphery of a coaxial cable at the center, six first separating bands facing the first metal vias, and six second separating bands respectively arranged between the first separating bands. Among them Both the first separating band and the second separating band are in the shape of a "person" formed by metal vias; An installation hole facing the input port of the first feeding structure is arranged between adjacent first separating bands and second separating bands.

7. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 6, wherein The second power divider includes: a "person"-shaped third separating band and a "person"-shaped fourth separating band arranged therein. Among them The head of the third separating band is a coaxial cable for feeding in signals; An installation hole facing the input port of the first feeding structure is arranged between adjacent third separating bands and fourth separating bands.

8. The beam reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 7, wherein The first feeding structure is quadrilateral, the input port at the lower end is inserted into the mounting holes on the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the other three sides are metal vias, and the inner and outer surfaces of the first substrate are covered with a metal layer.

9. The beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The upper and lower surfaces of the third substrate, the fourth substrate, the fifth substrate, and the sixth substrate are all covered with a metal layer; The second feeding structure and the third feeding structure are quadrilaterals, one side of which is a feeding port, the other three sides are metal vias, and the middle part is a coaxial line for feeding out signals.

10. The beam-reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the third substrate, the fourth substrate, the fifth substrate and the sixth substrate is 0.787 mm.

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