A method for obtaining performance parameters of a constant-amplitude inverse-phase excited antenna array

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of performance parameter acquisition methods of equal amplitude opposite phase excitation antenna array, the antenna array includes N differential excitation antenna units, each antenna unit includes corresponding differential port, the differential port m of the m of the first antenna unit is made of single port m + And single port m ‑ M + Receive differential input wave a dm Single port m ‑ Outwardly reflect differential emission wave b dm Wherein, N≥1, 1≤m≤N, the relationship formula of the S parameter matrix of constructing antenna array and differential input wave and differential emission wave;Active differential reflection coefficient is obtained by differential reflection coefficient, active differential characteristic impedance, active differential characteristic admittance and active differential standing wave ratio;The application has the advantages that: provide the performance parameter calculation method of equal amplitude opposite phase excitation antenna array, so as to judge the matching performance of antenna array, guide the optimal design of antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna array technology, and more specifically to a method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excited antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, differential antenna element theory and technology have a broad research foundation and are widely used in industry. Differential antennas facilitate integration with front-end systems and offer advantages such as low cross-polarization and symmetrical radiation patterns. However, theoretical research on differentially excited antenna arrays is limited, particularly regarding active differential impedance, admittance, and VSWR. These parameters, however, reflect the matching characteristics of the antenna array and are crucial for optimal antenna design. Therefore, calculating the performance parameters of differentially excited antenna arrays, such as active differential impedance, admittance, and VSWR, to assess their matching performance and optimize antenna design, has become a new research hotspot in the industry.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN104283001A discloses a microstrip quasi-Yagi antenna, including a reflector, an active element, a director, a microstrip-to-coplanar stripline conversion mechanism, and an impedance transformer. The conversion mechanism is disposed between the feed and the active element, used to split a single input feed into two equal-amplitude, out-of-phase excitation signals. The conversion mechanism includes left and right arms and two 50Ω microstrip lines connected to the output terminals of the left and right arms. The input terminals of the left and right arms are connected to the impedance transformer, which matches the 50Ω microstrip lines connected in parallel to the left and right arms to 50Ω. The reflector is etched on the back of the conversion mechanism and the impedance transformer. The active element is disposed at a certain distance from the reflector. The director is also disposed at a certain distance from the active element. This patent application achieves good antenna performance through the reasonable arrangement of various components and the configuration of their dimensional parameters. It provides a structure for a differentially excited antenna array, but it does not involve the calculation of performance parameters such as active differential impedance, admittance, and VSWR, making it difficult to determine the matching performance of the antenna array and thus unable to guide the optimal design of the antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the existing technology lacks a method for calculating the performance parameters of equal amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna arrays, making it difficult to judge the matching performance of the antenna array and unable to guide the optimization design of the antenna.

[0005] This invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excited antenna array, wherein the antenna array includes N differentially excited antenna elements, each antenna element includes a corresponding differential port, and the differential port m of the m-th antenna element is composed of a single port m. + and single-port m - Composition, single-port m + Receive differential input wave a dm single-port m - Outward reflection of differential emitted wave b dm Where N≥1, 1≤m≤N, the relationship between the S-parameter matrix of the antenna array and the differential input wave and differential transmitted wave is as follows:

[0006]

[0007] Among them, S ddmm It is the differential reflection coefficient from differential port m to differential port m, and Indicates a single port m + To single port n + scattering coefficient;

[0008] The active differential characteristic impedance, active differential characteristic admittance, and active differential standing wave ratio are obtained by using the active differential reflection coefficient.

[0009] This invention provides a method for calculating parameters such as active differential impedance, active differential characteristic admittance, and active differential VSWR of equal-amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna arrays. This facilitates the design of impedance-admittance matching characteristics of differential antenna arrays, increases the means and methods for analyzing differential antenna design parameters, facilitates the matching design of engineering differential antenna arrays, and helps guide the optimization design of antennas.

[0010] Furthermore, the active differential characteristic impedance is:

[0011]

[0012] in, This represents the differential characteristic impedance.

[0013] Furthermore, the admittance of the active differential characteristic is:

[0014]

[0015] in, This represents the admittance of the differential characteristic.

[0016] Furthermore, the active differential standing wave ratio is:

[0017]

[0018] Furthermore, the active differential reflection coefficient of the array antenna is negatively correlated with the port matching degree of the array antenna.

[0019] Furthermore, the active differential reflection coefficients of the two symmetrical antenna elements in the array antenna are equal.

[0020] Furthermore, the array antenna includes three antenna elements, which are designated as the first antenna element to the third antenna element, respectively. The differential ports of the first antenna element are respectively 1... - port and 1 + The differential ports of the second antenna unit are 2. - port and 2 + The differential ports of the third antenna element are 3. - Port and 3 + port.

[0021] Furthermore, the gap between adjacent antenna elements in the antenna array is 4mm to 6mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the antenna elements in the antenna array are arranged in a linear array on the dielectric substrate.

[0023] Furthermore, the substrate material is FR4 with a thickness of 1mm to 3mm.

[0024] The advantages of this invention are:

[0025] (1) This invention provides a method for calculating parameters such as active differential impedance, active differential characteristic admittance and active differential VSWR of equal amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna array, which facilitates the design of impedance admittance matching characteristics of differential antenna array, increases the means and methods for analyzing differential antenna design parameters, facilitates the matching design of engineering differential antenna array, and facilitates the guidance of antenna optimization design.

[0026] (2) The lower the active differential reflection coefficient of the array antenna of the present invention, the higher the port matching degree of the array antenna. Therefore, the matching degree can be judged by calculating the active differential reflection coefficient, thereby determining whether the antenna meets the design requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array structure in a method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a three-element antenna array in a method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 The active differential impedance curve of the second antenna element in the performance parameter acquisition method of an equal amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 The active differential admittance curve of the second antenna element in the performance parameter acquisition method of the equal amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 The active differential standing wave ratio curve of the second antenna element in the method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excited antenna array is provided. The antenna array includes N differentially excited antenna elements 1, each antenna element 1 including a corresponding differential port. The differential port m of the m-th antenna element 1 is composed of a single port m. + and single-port m - Composition, single-port m + Receive differential input wave a dm single-port m - Outward reflection of differential emitted wave b dm Where N≥1, 1≤m≤N. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The antenna element 1 is shown in the schematic diagram. The specific structure of the antenna element 1 is not the main improvement point of this invention. Any differentially excited antenna element 1 with any structural form can be used. As long as it has a differential port, the differential reflection coefficient can be calculated using the method provided by this invention, thereby deriving the active differential characteristic impedance, active differential characteristic admittance and active differential standing wave ratio, and then judging the matching characteristics of the antenna and optimizing the antenna.

[0034] The relationship between the S-parameter matrix of the antenna array and the differential input wave and differential transmitted wave is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, S ddmm It is the differential reflection coefficient from differential port m to differential port m, and Indicates a single port m + To single port n + scattering coefficient;

[0037] The active differential characteristic impedance, active differential characteristic admittance, and active differential standing wave ratio are derived from the active differential reflection coefficient. Specifically, the active differential reflection coefficient is:

[0038]

[0039] When considering the differential characteristic impedance, the active differential characteristic impedance is:

[0040]

[0041] in, This represents the differential characteristic impedance.

[0042] When considering the differential characteristic admittance, the active differential characteristic admittance is:

[0043]

[0044] in, This represents the admittance of the differential characteristic.

[0045] The active differential standing wave ratio is:

[0046]

[0047] As a further improvement, the active differential reflection coefficient of the array antenna is negatively correlated with the port matching degree of the array antenna. That is, the lower the active differential reflection coefficient of the array antenna, the higher the port matching degree of the array antenna. Therefore, by calculating the active differential reflection coefficient, the matching degree can be determined, thereby determining whether the antenna meets the design requirements.

[0048] As a further improvement, the active differential reflection coefficients of the two symmetrical antenna elements 1 in the array antenna are equal. With a perfectly symmetrical structure, only half of the active differential reflection coefficients of antenna element 1 need to be calculated, significantly reducing the computational load.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a three-element array antenna structure to illustrate the parameter design requirements of a differentially excited array antenna. The array antenna includes three antenna elements 1, which are designated as first antenna element 1 to third antenna element 1, respectively. The differential ports of the first antenna element 1 are respectively... - port and 1 + The differential ports of the second antenna unit 1 are 2. - port and 2+ The differential ports of the third antenna element 1 are 3. - Port and 3 + The antenna array consists of antenna elements 1 arranged in a linear array on a dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate is made of FR4 material with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The dielectric substrate has a width Gx of 60 mm and a length Gy of 120 mm. Each antenna element 1 has a length Py of 25 mm and a width Px of 30 mm. The distance between the two differential ports of each antenna element 1, i.e., the feed point distance dx, is 10 mm. The patch gap d1 between antenna elements 1 is 5 mm, and the outer diameter of the feed port is 1 mm.

[0050] Figure 3 The active differential impedance curve of the second antenna element 1 is shown under the condition of a differential characteristic impedance of 100 ohms. The solid line represents the real part of the active differential impedance, and the dashed line represents the imaginary part. The impedance curve shows a matching differential impedance of 100 ohms. When the reactance curve of the active differential impedance is equal to 0, the intrinsic resonant frequency of the antenna element under differential excitation is approximately 2.26 GHz.

[0051] Figure 4 The active differential admittance curve for the second antenna element 1 is shown. The solid line represents the real part of the active differential admittance, and the dashed line represents the imaginary part. The matched differential admittance can be found through the admittance curve.

[0052] Figure 5 The active differential VSWR curve for the second antenna element 1 is shown. The curve reveals a matching bandwidth ranging from 2.2 GHz to 2.33 GHz.

[0053] Through the above technical solutions, this invention provides a method for calculating parameters such as active differential impedance, active differential characteristic admittance, and active differential VSWR of equal-amplitude anti-phase excitation antenna arrays. This facilitates the design of impedance-admittance matching characteristics of differential antenna arrays, increases the means and methods for analyzing differential antenna design parameters, facilitates the matching design of engineering differential antenna arrays, and helps guide the optimization design of antennas.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array, characterized in that, The antenna array includes N differentially excited antenna elements, each antenna element including a corresponding differential port, the th... m Differential ports of each antenna element m From a single port m + and single port m - Composition, single port m + Receive differential input wave a dm Single port m - Outward reflection of differential emission waves b dm Where N≥1, 1≤ m For n ≤ N, the relationship between the S-parameter matrix of the antenna array and the differential input and differential transmitted waves is as follows: in, S ddmm It is a differential port m to differential port m The differential reflection coefficient and , Indicates single port m + To a single port n + scattering coefficient; The active differential reflection coefficient, active differential characteristic impedance, active differential characteristic admittance, and active differential standing wave ratio are obtained by using the differential reflection coefficient. The active differential characteristic impedance is: in, Represents the active differential reflection coefficient and , Indicates differential characteristic impedance; The active differential characteristic admittance is: in, Indicates the admittance of the differential characteristic; The active differential standing wave ratio is: 。 2. The method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active differential reflection coefficient of the antenna array is negatively correlated with the port matching degree of the antenna array.

3. The method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active differential reflection coefficients of two symmetrical antenna elements in the antenna array are equal.

4. The method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna array includes three antenna elements, designated as the first to the third antenna elements. The differential ports of the first antenna element are respectively... ports and The differential ports of the second antenna unit are respectively ports and The differential ports of the third antenna element are respectively ports and port.

5. The method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gap between adjacent antenna elements in the antenna array is 4 mm to 6 mm.

6. The method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array according to claim 4, characterized in that, The antenna elements in the antenna array are arranged in a linear array on the dielectric substrate.

7. The method for obtaining performance parameters of an equal-amplitude, anti-phase excitation antenna array according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is made of FR4 material with a thickness of 1 mm to 3 mm.

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