A highly integrated multifunctional channel system

Abstract

The present invention provides a highly integrated multifunctional channel system comprising a frequency conversion component, a high-frequency component, and a power supply component. The power supply component is connected to the frequency conversion component via a microwave switch and to the high-frequency component via a CPLD chip. The present invention combines the frequency conversion component, the high-frequency component, and the power supply component to form a highly integrated multifunctional channel, achieving high integration of both pulse signal transceiver processing and continuous wave signal transceiver processing functions. For pulse signals, a programmable logic device controls the on / off state of the microwave device to keep the frequency conversion component in a pulse operating state. For continuous wave signals, the programmable logic device controls the operating frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator portion of the frequency-modulated continuous wave chip to enable the high-frequency component to transmit either a conventional continuous wave signal or a frequency-modulated continuous wave signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a highly integrated multifunctional channel system. Background Art

[0002] The transceiver is an indispensable device for the detection platform to generate transmit signals and process receive signals. During transmission, the transmit intermediate frequency signal undergoes up-conversion, filtering, power amplification, and other processing to provide the electromagnetic wave signal required for antenna radiation. During reception, the received radio frequency signal undergoes low-noise amplification, down-conversion, filtering, and other processing to provide the echo signal required for signal processing. For detection platforms with angle measurement requirements, their receiving link needs to implement three-channel echo signal processing to complete sum and difference amplitude angle measurement. According to the hardware architecture, the transceiver can be divided into a separate transceiver type (i.e., it can only generate transmit signals or process receive signals), a time-sharing transceiver type (i.e., it can only process pulse signals), and a simultaneous transceiver type (i.e., it can only process continuous wave signals). Patent CN115001519A discloses a sensor signal receiving system and method, which performs narrowband frequency selection, power amplification, and in-phase comparison at the receiving end and outputs a standard TTL signal for back-end signal processing. Its signal format is relatively simple, supporting only receive signal processing and requiring a preset receive frequency for the targeted design of the center frequency of the narrowband frequency-selective module. As detection platforms increasingly demand more transceivers, this technology is no longer suitable for platforms with complex frequency components or electromagnetic environments. Therefore, achieving high transceiver integration and multifunctionality without significantly increasing form factor and manufacturing costs is an urgent challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, the present invention provides a highly integrated multifunctional channel system and method. This system utilizes a frequency conversion component, a high-frequency component, and a power supply component to construct a multifunctional channel, achieving the integrated integration of pulse signal processing and continuous wave signal processing. The frequency conversion component performs a single up-conversion of the transmitted intermediate frequency signal and a single down-conversion of the received radio frequency signal, providing pulse signal processing capabilities. The high-frequency component directly generates the transmitted radio frequency signal and pre-sampling the received radio frequency signal, providing continuous wave signal processing capabilities. Both components are controlled and logically switched by a control chip on the power supply component.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0005] The present invention provides a highly integrated multifunctional channel system; comprising a frequency conversion component, a high-frequency component, and a power supply component, wherein the power supply component is connected to the frequency conversion component via a microwave switch and is connected to the high-frequency component via a CPLD chip;

[0006] The frequency conversion component integrates a transmitting channel and at least one receiving channel to process the pulse signal and provide a clock signal for the power supply component and the high-frequency component;

[0007] The high-frequency component integrates a transmission generation channel and at least one reception pre-processing channel to process the continuous wave signal;

[0008] The power supply component supplies power to the frequency conversion component and the high-frequency component, and converts the channel voltage;

[0009] The transmitting channel includes a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, a power amplifier, and a double-pole double-throw switch connected in sequence;

[0010] The receiving channel includes a double-pole double-throw switch, a fixed attenuator, a low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, and a channel equalizer connected in sequence;

[0011] The transmission generation channel includes a phase-locked loop chip, a frequency-modulated continuous wave chip, and a power amplifier connected in sequence;

[0012] The receiving pre-processing channel includes a passive low-pass filter, an active operational amplifier, a passive high-pass filter, a frequency-modulated continuous wave chip, a fixed attenuator, and a low-noise amplifier.

[0013] The power supply assembly includes a DC / DC voltage regulator, an LDO voltage regulator, and a negative voltage protection circuit, and the DC / DC voltage regulator is connected to the LDO voltage regulator and the negative voltage protection circuit respectively;

[0014] The LDO regulator controls the transmitting and receiving channels by inputting high and low level signals to the double-pole double-throw switch, power amplifier, harmonic mixer in the transmitting channel and the low-noise amplifier, harmonic mixer, and microwave switch at the front end of the intermediate frequency amplifier in the receiving channel.

[0015] The negative voltage protection circuit provides -5V power supply voltage for the microwave switch.

[0016] The LDO voltage regulator also provides +3.3V and +1.8V voltages for the CPLD chip.

[0017] The CPLD chip provides an operating frequency control signal to the frequency modulation continuous wave chip.

[0018] The CPLD chip inputs high and low level signals to the microwave switch at the front end of the frequency modulation continuous wave chip, the power amplifier and the low noise amplifier.

[0019] The clock signal is generated by a crystal oscillator, which is connected to a phase detector, a loop filter, and a voltage-controlled oscillator in sequence. The voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a distributor, which is connected to the phase detector. The voltage-controlled oscillator is also connected to harmonic mixers in the receiving channel and the transmitting channel respectively.

[0020] The crystal oscillator is also connected to the power divider, and the power divider is connected to the power supply component and the high-frequency component respectively.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the present invention lies in: by combining frequency conversion components, high-frequency components, and power supply components to construct a highly integrated multifunctional channel, the transmission and reception processing functions of both pulse signals and continuous wave signals are highly integrated. For pulse signals, the on / off state of the microwave device is controlled by a programmable logic device, so that the frequency conversion component operates in a pulsed state. For continuous wave signals, the operating frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator portion of the frequency-modulated continuous wave chip is controlled by the programmable logic device, so that the high-frequency component transmits either a conventional continuous wave signal or a frequency-modulated continuous wave signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional signal structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply assembly in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the frequency conversion component in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency component in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply assembly in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the frequency conversion component in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-frequency component in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0030] A highly integrated multifunctional channel system and method are constructed by frequency conversion components, high-frequency components and power supply components.

[0031] Frequency conversion components are the key to realizing pulse signal processing. They integrate the transmission channel and the receiving channel, and provide synchronous clock signals for the power supply components and external modules. They include crystal oscillators, phase detectors, loop filters, voltage-controlled oscillators, frequency dividers, power dividers, temperature-compensated attenuators, harmonic mixers, bandpass filters, power amplifiers, single-pole double-throw switches, low-noise amplifiers, digitally controlled attenuators, intermediate frequency amplifiers, fixed attenuators, and channel equalizers.

[0032] Among them, the crystal oscillator is responsible for generating the reference clock signal to achieve system coherence; the phase detector, loop filter, voltage-controlled oscillator and frequency divider together form the phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit, which uses the reference clock signal to generate the local oscillator signal fLO for mixing the transmitted intermediate frequency signal and the received radio frequency signal;

[0033] The power divider is responsible for multi-channel power division of the reference clock signal to output the reference clock signal to internal components or external modules;

[0034] The temperature-compensated attenuator is responsible for link gain compensation under high and low temperatures to control the link gain fluctuation within ±2dB;

[0035] The harmonic mixer, in the transmitting chain, completes the up-conversion and spurious suppression of the transmitting intermediate frequency signal to output the radio frequency signal of fIF (intermediate frequency signal) + 2×fLO. In the receiving chain, it completes the down-conversion and spurious suppression of the received radio frequency signal to output the echo signal of fIF±fd (fd is the echo Doppler frequency of the detected target, fd = 2vmax / λ, where vmax is the maximum relative velocity between the detection platform and the target, and λ is the wavelength of the transmitted radio frequency signal);

[0036] The bandpass filter is responsible for bandpass filtering the output signal after harmonic mixing to suppress out-of-band spurious signals;

[0037] The power amplifier is responsible for amplifying the power of the RF signal after the bandpass filtering of the transmission link to achieve the saturated output of the transmission link;

[0038] The single-pole double-throw switch is responsible for channel switching control and device switching control of the transmit link and receive link;

[0039] The low-noise amplifier is responsible for amplifying the power of the received RF signal. It also reduces the noise figure of the entire link by leveraging its low noise figure and high receiving gain.

[0040] The digitally controlled attenuator is responsible for reducing the signal power before the harmonic mixer of the receiving link to prevent the harmonic mixer from saturating and compressing the output signal strength;

[0041] The IF amplifier is responsible for power amplification of the IF signal before the harmonic mixer in the transmitting chain, and for power amplification of the IF signal after the harmonic mixer in the receiving chain.

[0042] Fixed attenuators are responsible for attenuating the power before the microwave devices in the transmitting and receiving links to prevent device saturation and compress the output signal strength.

[0043] The channel equalizer is located at the last stage of the receiving chain and is responsible for channel consistency compensation of the intermediate frequency output signal of the receiving chain to prevent the output signal fluctuation range at different temperatures and different frequencies from exceeding the design threshold.

[0044] High-frequency components are the key to achieving continuous wave signal processing. They integrate the transmit generation channel and receive pre-processing channel, including a phase-locked loop chip, a frequency-modulated continuous wave chip, a power amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, a fixed attenuator, a passive high-pass filter, an active operational amplifier, and a passive low-pass filter.

[0045] Among them, the phase-locked loop chip uses the reference clock signal as a reference, and together with the voltage-controlled oscillator part and the frequency division part in the frequency-modulated continuous wave chip, forms a phase-locked loop circuit, which is used to generate the transmit RF signal output by the frequency-modulated continuous wave chip and the input signal required for mixing;

[0046] The FM continuous wave chip has both transmitting and receiving mixing functions. When transmitting, it can output a radio frequency signal with a specified frequency or a specified frequency change rate according to the input VTUNE signal (the control voltage of the built-in voltage-controlled oscillator circuit). When receiving, it can mix the input receiving radio frequency signal fr and the output transmitting radio frequency signal ft through the built-in mixing circuit to output the echo difference frequency signal fi.

[0047] The power amplifier is responsible for amplifying the power of the RF signal of the transmitting link; the low-noise amplifier is responsible for amplifying the power of the echo signal of the receiving link;

[0048] The fixed attenuator is responsible for attenuating the power before the FMCW chip of the receiving link to prevent the chip input signal from saturating and reducing the reliability of the device after long-term operation;

[0049] The passive high-pass filter, active operational amplifier and passive low-pass filter together form the filtering circuit of the difference frequency output signal of the frequency modulated continuous wave chip, completing functions such as operational amplification and bandpass filtering.

[0050] Power supply components are the key to achieving multi-functional channel voltage conversion and function control, including DC / DC conversion circuit, LDO voltage regulator circuit, negative voltage protection circuit, power supply modulation circuit, and programmable logic device.

[0051] Among them, the DC / DC conversion circuit completes the voltage conversion of the input power supply voltage to generate various voltages required by the subsequent circuit, including 5.0V, 3.3V, etc.

[0052] The LDO voltage regulator circuit linearly regulates the 5V voltage output by the DC / DC converter circuit, outputs a low-voltage, high-current drive signal, and at the same time suppresses the output voltage ripple value;

[0053] Negative voltage protection circuit, responsible for generating -5V microwave switch power supply voltage;

[0054] The power modulation circuit is responsible for generating the input voltage of the transmitting and receiving chain devices, which is used to control the power on and off, including the power amplifier and intermediate frequency amplifier;

[0055] The programmable logic device generates 3.3V and 1.8V low-voltage signals according to the multi-functional channel input control signal, specified work flow, preset work sequence, etc., so as to control the working state of the microwave device according to the state comparison table.

[0056] According to the control instructions of the programmable logic device, the multi-function channel is placed in pulse operation mode and continuous wave operation mode. When in pulse operation mode, the frequency conversion component and power supply component operate normally, and the high-frequency component is in standby mode. At this time, the microwave components of the transmission channel and the receiving channel of the frequency conversion component are in a pulse control state. That is, when the pulse is at a high level, the power of the transmission channel microwave component is connected, and the power of the receiving channel microwave component is disconnected; when the pulse is at a low level, the power of the transmission channel microwave component is disconnected, and the power of the receiving channel microwave component is connected. Therefore, it has at least four states: normal operation (i.e., normal switching between transmission and reception), continuous transmission, continuous reception, and component standby. When in continuous wave operation mode, the high-frequency component and power supply component operate normally, and the frequency conversion component is in standby mode. At this time, the microwave components of the transmission channel and the receiving channel of the high-frequency component are in a continuous wave control state. That is, when the high-frequency component is operating, the power of the transmission channel microwave component and the receiving channel microwave component are both connected. Therefore, it has at least two states: normal operation and component standby.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power supply component, a frequency conversion component and a high frequency component. Figure 2As shown in the figure, in pulse operating mode, the programmable logic device outputs a 3.3V control signal according to the preset operating sequence. After processing by the LDO voltage regulator circuit and the power modulation circuit, the operating modulation voltage (SW1 to SW6) of different microwave components is generated, which powers them on or off. Among them, the SW1 signal is the single-pole double-throw switch control signal. When in the transmitting state, SW1 to SW3 are at a high level and SW4 to SW6 are at a low level; when in the receiving state, SW1 to SW3 are at a low level and SW4 to SW6 are at a high level.

[0059] At the same time, when designing the duration of the high level transmission, the transceiver protection time of more than 100ns is considered, that is, the high level duration of SW1~SW3 is the sum of the transmission pulse width τt time and twice the transceiver protection time, and the low level duration of SW4~SW6 is the receiving pulse width τr time.

[0060] In continuous wave mode, the programmable logic device outputs the operating frequency control signal 3'b110 for the voltage-controlled oscillator portion of the FM continuous wave chip (three control signal lines, namely VCOF[2:0], which are controlled by logic levels, with 0V representing a logic level of 0 and 1.8V representing a logic level of 1), causing it to generate a continuous wave signal. It also outputs control signals SW7-SW9 for the FM continuous wave chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier. When in the operating state, SW7-SW9 are continuously high; when in the standby state, SW7-SW9 are continuously low.

[0061] Frequency conversion components, such as Figure 3As shown, the device integrates one transmit channel and three receive channels. The transmit channel and receive channel I share a single RF interface via a single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) switch. The transmit channel consists of a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, an IF amplifier, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, a power amplifier, and a SPDT switch. The receive channel also includes a fixed attenuator, a low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, an IF amplifier, a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, and a channel equalizer. The crystal oscillator, phase detector, loop filter, voltage-controlled oscillator, and frequency divider are not directly involved in transmission or reception, but are primarily used to generate the reference time signal and local oscillator signal. When in normal working state, first, during the high-level duration of SW1 to SW3, the single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 is used to turn on the transmission chain; secondly, during the pulse transmission period, the transmitted intermediate frequency signal is gain compensated by the temperature-compensated attenuator, attenuated by the fixed attenuator, amplified by the intermediate frequency amplifier, up-converted by the harmonic mixer, filtered by the bandpass filter, and processed by the power amplifier before entering the subsequent antenna part. After being reflected by the target, it is sent to the low-noise amplifier of the receiving channel through the same antenna; then, during the low-level duration of SW1 to SW3, the single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 is used to turn on the receiving channel RF_O_1, forming three RF signal receiving channels; finally, the received RF signal is attenuated by the fixed attenuator, amplified by the low-noise amplifier, attenuated by the digitally controlled attenuator, down-converted by the harmonic mixer, filtered by the bandpass filter, amplified by the intermediate frequency amplifier, gain compensated by the temperature-compensated attenuator, and attenuated by the fixed attenuator, and then sent to the channel equalizer for compensation to output the received intermediate frequency signal. In addition, when in pulse transmission mode, SW1-SW3 remain high and SW4-SW6 remain low. When in pulse reception mode, SW1-SW3 remain low and SW4-SW6 remain high. When in standby mode, SW1-SW6 remain low, and the frequency conversion component shuts down the harmonic mixer and power amplifier of the transmission channel and the low-noise amplifier, harmonic mixer, and intermediate frequency amplifier of the reception channel according to the modulation signal.

[0062] High frequency components, such as Figure 4As shown, the system integrates a transmit channel and a receive channel. The transmit channel consists of a phase-locked loop (PLL) chip, a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCCW) chip, and a power amplifier. The receive channel consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a fixed attenuator, an FMCCW chip, a passive high-pass filter, an active operational amplifier, and a passive low-pass filter. First, SW7-SW9 maintain a high level, allowing the FM CW chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier to operate normally. The FM CW chip configures the voltage-controlled oscillator according to VCOF[2:0]. The phase-locked loop chip adjusts the output VTUNE signal (i.e., the voltage-controlled oscillator tuning voltage) based on the frequency-division signal provided by the FM CW chip, so that the FM CW chip outputs a continuous wave signal with a center frequency of 35.5 GHz. Second, the transmit RF signal is amplified by the power amplifier and output to the transmit antenna. After reflection from the target, it is sent to the low-noise amplifier of the receive channel through the receive antenna. The received RF signal is then amplified by the low-noise amplifier and attenuated by the fixed attenuator before being sent to the FM CW chip's receiving end. After internal mixing, the FM CW chip outputs a difference frequency signal in a high-impedance state. Finally, the difference frequency signal is filtered, amplified, and impedance-matched by the passive high-pass filter, active operational amplifier, and passive low-pass filter, and then outputs a zero-IF signal (i.e., a baseband signal with a center frequency of zero and a non-zero bandwidth) with a standard impedance of 50 ohms. When the component is in standby mode, SW7 to SW9 are continuously at a low level, and the high-frequency component turns off the FM continuous wave chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier according to the modulation signal.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The present invention provides a highly integrated multifunctional channel system and method, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power supply component, a frequency conversion component and a high frequency component. The difference from embodiment 1 lies in the design of the power supply component and the frequency conversion component.

[0065] Power components such as Figure 5As shown in the figure, in pulse operating mode, a 3.3V control signal is output through the programmable logic device according to the preset operating sequence. After processing by the LDO voltage regulator circuit and the power modulation circuit, the operating modulation voltages (SW1 to SW6, SW10) of different microwave components are generated, which power them on or off. Among them, the SW1 and SW10 signals are single-pole double-throw switch control signals. When in the transmitting state, SW1 to SW3 are high, and SW4 to SW6 and SW10 are low. When in the receiving state, SW1 to SW3 are low, and SW4 to SW6 are high. In addition, when the transmit frame count is an odd number, SW10 remains low; otherwise, SW10 is updated to a high level. At the same time, when designing the transmit high-level duration, the transmit and receive protection time of more than 100ns is taken into account. That is, the high-level duration of SW1 to SW3 is the sum of the transmit pulse width τt and twice the transmit and receive protection time, the low-level duration of SW4 to SW6 is the receive pulse width τr, and the high-level duration of SW10 is the receive pulse width τr. In continuous wave mode, the programmable logic device outputs the operating frequency control signal 3'b110 for the voltage-controlled oscillator portion of the FM continuous wave chip (three control signal lines, namely VCOF[2:0], which are controlled by logic levels, with 0V representing a logic level of 0 and 1.8V representing a logic level of 1), causing it to generate a continuous wave signal. It also outputs control signals SW7-SW9 for the FM continuous wave chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier. When in the operating state, SW7-SW9 are continuously high; when in the standby state, SW7-SW9 are continuously low.

[0066] Frequency conversion components, such as Figure 6As shown, the device integrates a transmit channel and a receive channel, with the transmit and receive channels sharing a single RF interface via a single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) switch. The transmit channel consists of a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, an IF amplifier, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, a power amplifier, and a SPDT switch. The receive channel also consists of a SPDT switch, a fixed attenuator, a low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, an IF amplifier, a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, and a channel equalizer. The crystal oscillator, phase detector, loop filter, voltage-controlled oscillator, and frequency divider are not directly involved in transmission or reception, but are primarily used to generate the reference time signal and local oscillator signal. When in normal working state, first, during the duration of SW1~SW3 high level, the single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 is used to turn on the transmission link; secondly, during the pulse transmission, the transmitting intermediate frequency signal is compensated by the temperature-compensated attenuator, attenuated by the fixed attenuator, amplified by the intermediate frequency amplifier, up-converted by the harmonic mixer, filtered by the bandpass filter, and processed by the power amplifier before entering the post-stage antenna part. After being reflected by the target, it is sent to the low-noise amplifier of the receiving channel through the same antenna; then, during the duration of SW1~SW3 low level, the single-pole double-throw switch SPDT1 is used to turn on the transmitting link. Receive channel RF_O_1 is turned on. During odd frames, receive channel RF_O_2 is turned on using single-pole double-throw switch SPDT2. During even frames, receive channel RF_O_3 is turned on using single-pole double-throw switch SPDT2, creating three RF signal receiving channels in a time-sharing manner. Finally, the received RF signal is attenuated by a fixed attenuator, amplified by a low-noise amplifier, attenuated by a digitally controlled attenuator, down-converted by a harmonic mixer, filtered by a bandpass filter, amplified by an IF amplifier, gain-compensated by a temperature-compensated attenuator, and attenuated by a fixed attenuator. It is then fed into a channel equalizer for compensation, and the received IF signal is output. Furthermore, when in pulse transmission mode, SW1-SW3 remain high, while SW4-SW6 and SW10 remain low. When in pulse reception mode, SW1-SW3 remain low, while SW4-SW6 remain high. If the transmit frame count is odd, SW10 remains low; otherwise, SW10 is updated to high. When the component is in standby state, SW1 to SW6 and SW10 remain at a low level, and the frequency conversion component turns off the harmonic mixer and power amplifier of the transmitting channel and the low noise amplifier, harmonic mixer, and intermediate frequency amplifier of the receiving channel according to the modulation signal.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] The present invention provides a highly integrated multifunctional channel system and method, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a power supply component, a frequency conversion component and a high-frequency component. The difference from embodiment 1 lies in the design of the power supply component and the high-frequency component.

[0069] Power components such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in pulse operating mode, a 3.3V control signal is output through the programmable logic device according to the preset operating sequence. After processing by the LDO voltage regulator circuit and the power modulation circuit, the operating modulation voltages (SW1-SW6) of different microwave components are generated, which power them on or off. The SW1 signal is a single-pole double-throw switch control signal. When in the transmitting state, SW1-SW3 are high and SW4-SW6 are low. When in the receiving state, SW1-SW3 are low and SW4-SW6 are high. Furthermore, when designing the duration of the high-level transmission, the transmit and receive protection time of more than 100ns is taken into account. That is, the high-level duration of SW1-SW3 is the sum of the transmit pulse width τt and twice the transmit and receive protection time, and the low-level duration of SW4-SW6 is the receive pulse width τr. In continuous wave mode, the programmable logic device (PLD) outputs the frequency-modulated continuous wave chip's voltage-controlled oscillator (VCOF[2:0]) operating frequency control signal 3'b110 (three control signal lines, VCOF[2:0], which use logic-level control (0V represents a logic level of 0, 1.8V represents a logic level of 1) and four-wire SPI signals (CS, CLK, MISO, and MOSI), generating an FM continuous wave signal. Simultaneously, it outputs control signals SW7-SW9 for the FM continuous wave chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier. When in operation, SW7-SW9 remain high; when in standby mode, SW7-SW9 remain low.

[0070] High frequency components, such as Figure 7As shown, the system integrates a transmit channel and a receive channel. The transmit channel consists of a programmable logic device, a DAC chip, an FM continuous wave chip, and a power amplifier. The receive channel consists of a low-noise amplifier, a fixed attenuator, an FM continuous wave chip, a passive high-pass filter, an active operational amplifier, and a passive low-pass filter. First, SW7-SW9 maintain a high level, and the FM CW chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier operate normally. The FM CW chip configures the voltage-controlled oscillator according to VCOF[2:0]. The DAC chip adjusts the output VTUNE signal (i.e., the voltage-controlled oscillator tuning voltage) according to the SPI control signal provided by the programmable logic device, so that the FM CW chip outputs a continuous wave signal with a center frequency of 35.5 GHz. Second, the transmit RF signal is amplified by the power amplifier and output to the transmit antenna. After reflection from the target, it is sent to the low-noise amplifier of the receive channel through the receive antenna. Then, the received RF signal is amplified by the low-noise amplifier and attenuated by the fixed attenuator before being sent to the FM CW chip receiving end. After internal mixing, the FM CW chip outputs a difference frequency signal in a high-impedance state. Finally, after filtering, amplification, and impedance matching by the passive high-pass filter, active operational amplifier, and passive low-pass filter, the difference frequency signal is output as a zero-IF signal (i.e., a baseband signal with a center frequency of zero and a non-zero bandwidth) with a standard impedance of 50 ohms. When the component is in standby mode, SW7 to SW9 are continuously at a low level, and the high-frequency component turns off the FM continuous wave chip, power amplifier, and low-noise amplifier according to the modulation signal.

Claims

1. A highly integrated multifunctional channel system, characterized by: It includes frequency conversion components, high-frequency components, and power supply components. The power supply components are connected to the frequency conversion components through microwave switches and are connected to the high-frequency components through complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). The frequency conversion component integrates a transmitting channel and at least one receiving channel to process the pulse signal and provide a clock signal for the power supply component and the high-frequency component; The high-frequency component integrates a transmission generation channel and at least one reception pre-processing channel to process the continuous wave signal; The power supply component supplies power to the frequency conversion component and the high-frequency component, and converts the channel voltage; The transmitting channel includes a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, a power amplifier, and a double-pole double-throw switch connected in sequence; The receiving channel includes a double-pole double-throw switch, a fixed attenuator, a low-noise amplifier, a digitally controlled attenuator, a harmonic mixer, a bandpass filter, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a temperature-compensated attenuator, a fixed attenuator, and a channel equalizer connected in sequence; The transmission generation channel includes a phase-locked loop chip, a frequency-modulated continuous wave chip, and a power amplifier connected in sequence; The receiving pre-processing channel includes a passive low-pass filter, an active operational amplifier, a passive high-pass filter, a frequency-modulated continuous wave chip, a fixed attenuator, and a low-noise amplifier connected in sequence.

2. The highly integrated multifunctional channel system according to claim 1, wherein: The power supply assembly includes a DC / DC voltage regulator, an LDO voltage regulator, and a negative voltage protection circuit, and the DC / DC voltage regulator is connected to the LDO voltage regulator and the negative voltage protection circuit respectively; The LDO regulator controls the transmitting and receiving channels by inputting high and low level signals to the double-pole double-throw switch, power amplifier, harmonic mixer in the transmitting channel and the low-noise amplifier, harmonic mixer, and microwave switch at the front end of the intermediate frequency amplifier in the receiving channel. The negative voltage protection circuit provides a power supply voltage for the microwave switch.

3. The highly integrated multifunctional channel system according to claim 2, wherein: The LDO voltage regulator also provides +3.3V and +1.8V voltages for a complex programmable logic device (CPLD).

4. The highly integrated multifunctional channel system according to claim 1, wherein: The complex programmable logic device CPLD provides an operating frequency control signal to the frequency modulation continuous wave chip.

5. The highly integrated multifunctional channel system according to claim 1, wherein: The complex programmable logic device CPLD inputs high and low level signals to the microwave switch at the front end of the frequency modulation continuous wave chip, the power amplifier and the low noise amplifier.

6. The highly integrated multifunctional channel system according to claim 1, wherein: The clock signal is generated by a crystal oscillator, which is connected to a phase detector, a loop filter, and a voltage-controlled oscillator in sequence. The voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a distributor, which is connected to the phase detector. The voltage-controlled oscillator is also connected to harmonic mixers in the receiving channel and the transmitting channel respectively.

7. The highly integrated multifunctional channel system according to claim 6, wherein: The crystal oscillator is also connected to the power divider, and the power divider is connected to the power supply component and the high-frequency component respectively.

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