Antibacterial fabric, production process and special spinneret thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an antibacterial fabric, a production process thereof and a special spinneret, relates to a fabric, and aims to solve the problem that antibacterial microcapsules are easy to fall off from the surface of the fabric, and the technical scheme is as follows: the fabric body is knitted by antibacterial yarn, the surface of the fabric body is provided with sterilization cationic groups, the antibacterial yarn comprises core yarn and winding yarn, the core yarn is elastic, the winding yarn covers the elongated core yarn in a spiral mode to expose the core yarn in a tensioned state of the antibacterial yarn, and the core yarn is internally formed with a gap which is communicated with the surface of the core yarn, and the surface of the core yarn and the gap are both provided with antibacterial microcapsules of galls.The antibacterial microcapsules of galls are stored in the gap, and the winding yarn covers the elongated core yarn in a spiral mode, so that the consumption of the antibacterial microcapsules of galls is slowed down, the antibacterial period of the antibacterial microcapsules of galls is prolonged, and the fabric is long-term antibacterial.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to fabrics, and more specifically, to an antibacterial fabric, its manufacturing process, and a dedicated spinneret. Background Technology

[0002] Fabric is the material used to make clothing. As one of the three essential elements of clothing, fabric not only interprets the style and characteristics of clothing, but also directly influences the color and shape of clothing, including knitted and woven fabrics.

[0003] Microcapsules, also known as microcapsules, are small particles containing active ingredients or core substances, enclosed by a coating layer or shell. Sometimes each microcapsule may contain several core substances (either the same or different components). There is no universally accepted size standard for microcapsules; their diameter can vary from 1 to 1000 μm. After microencapsulation, the color, morphology, volume, mass, solubility, and storability of specific core materials will change. Under specific conditions, the core material will be slowly released to exert its effect.

[0004] With the continuous development of science and technology, microencapsulation technology has attracted great attention. Research on microcapsules and their applications in textiles has only recently emerged, but its development has been rapid. Simultaneously, its application in the antibacterial properties of medical textile materials has sparked widespread research and discussion within the scientific community. It can be said that microencapsulation technology is now gradually entering the stage of industrialization.

[0005] The microcapsule core material uses antibacterial substances, and the antibacterial microcapsules are attached to the fabric surface through a finishing liquid, which gives the fabric a strong antibacterial ability.

[0006] Chinese Patent CN109055633B discloses a method for preparing a leather finishing agent. The key technical points are: extracting antibacterial components from cactus to sterilize and disinfect leather; extracting artemisia essential oil from artemisia, which has good antibacterial effects but is volatile; encapsulating the artemisia essential oil in microcapsules to first sterilize the leather surface; then, using surfactants and penetrants to penetrate the antibacterial liquid and microcapsules into the leather surface, allowing for slow release beneath the surface and significantly prolonging the antibacterial effect; both antibacterial substances are extracted from natural plants and have good affinity for human skin; the addition of green tea improves the odor, giving the finished leather a light green tea fragrance.

[0007] Fabrics containing antibacterial microcapsules share a common problem: the microcapsules often adhere to the fabric surface through finishing solution impregnation, making it difficult for them to penetrate the fabric's interior. During fabric shaping, finishing, and use, friction from external objects and the fabric itself can cause the antibacterial microcapsules to detach from the surface, significantly reducing their antibacterial duration.

[0008] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an antibacterial fabric, its production process and a special spinneret.

[0010] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an antibacterial fabric, comprising a fabric body, the fabric body being woven from antibacterial yarn, the surface of the fabric body being provided with bactericidal cationic groups, the antibacterial yarn comprising a core yarn and a winding yarn, the core yarn being elastic, the winding yarn covering the elongated core yarn in a spiral manner to expose the core yarn when the antibacterial yarn is taut, and a gap communicating with its surface is formed inside the core yarn, and gallnut antibacterial microcapsules are provided on the surface of the core yarn and in the gap.

[0011] By employing the above technical solution, when the bactericidal cationic groups come into contact with the negatively charged cell membrane of microorganisms, Coulomb attraction occurs, effectively adsorbing bacteria and causing them to die or lose their ability to divide and proliferate, thus improving the antibacterial ability of the fabric. The gallnut antibacterial microcapsules can release gallnut extract within the capsules in a long-lasting, sustained manner. The tannin content can reach up to 70% or more. Tannins have antibacterial properties, effectively improving the antibacterial ability of the fabric. A common problem with antibacterial microcapsules is that they detach due to friction with the external environment during fabric production and use. This invention attaches the antibacterial microcapsules to the core yarn and then... The wrapping yarn provides effective protection, offering a good solution to the problem of short antibacterial cycles of antibacterial microcapsules. Simultaneously, by storing gallnut antibacterial microcapsules in gaps, the loss of these microcapsules during core yarn production is effectively avoided, further extending the antibacterial cycle and resulting in long-lasting antibacterial properties for the fabric. Furthermore, the spiral wrapping yarn covers the elongated core yarn, ensuring that the core yarn is only exposed during elastic deformation. Therefore, when garments made from this fabric are left unused, the consumption of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules is slowed, further extending the antibacterial cycle.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the core yarn is made by twisting several irregularly shaped fibers, the irregularly shaped fibers include several radially arranged convex edges, the width of the side of the convex edge away from the center of the irregularly shaped fiber is greater than the width of the side closer to the center of the irregularly shaped fiber, and the gallnut antibacterial microcapsule is located on the side of the convex edge.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after twisting, gaps are formed inside the shaped fiber, which facilitates the containment of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and protects them. Fabric friction does not easily cause the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules to fall off, facilitating the long-term slow release of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and increasing the duration of effective antibacterial activity of the fabric. Since the width of the side of the convex edge away from the center of the shaped fiber is greater than that of the side closer to the center of the shaped fiber, the opposite sides of the two convex edges form a shape that can restrict the detachment of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules, further improving the firmness between the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and the fabric.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the winding yarn is made of twisted polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber contains nano-copper particles.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after the polyester fiber is formed, nano-sized copper particles will be attached to its surface, and some of the nano-sized copper particles will be embedded in the polyester fiber and tightly bonded to it. Since the winding yarn is located on the surface, it places high demands on the adhesion of antibacterial metal particles. This method has the advantage of being more robust than the traditional method of attaching antibacterial metal particles, with excellent water resistance and the ability to maintain the fabric's antibacterial properties for a long time. When the trace amounts of positively charged copper ions on the nano-sized copper particles come into contact with the negatively charged cell membrane of microorganisms, Coulomb attraction occurs, allowing the copper ions to penetrate the cell membrane and enter the bacteria. They react with the sulfhydryl and amino groups on the proteins in the bacteria, destroying the cell proteins and causing the microorganisms to die or lose their ability to divide and proliferate, thus improving the fabric's antibacterial ability. At the same time, since most copper compounds are soluble and copper is an important trace element for the human body that can participate in human metabolism, the risk of heavy metal accumulation is greatly reduced, making the fabric healthier.

[0016] A manufacturing process for an antibacterial fabric includes the following steps: S1 Incorporating nano-sized copper into polyester fibers, and then spinning the fibers to form polyester fibers with nano-sized copper particles; S2 Twisting the polyester fibers to form a wound yarn; S3 During the forming process, the profiled fibers are spun using a profiled spinneret to form several radially arranged convex edges; S4 Preparing a gallnut antibacterial microcapsule finishing agent; S5 Attaching gallnut antibacterial microcapsules to the profiled fibers by impregnation; S6 Twisting the profiled fibers to form a core yarn; S7 Weaving the antibacterial yarn to form the main body of the fabric; S8 Attaching bactericidal cationic groups to the main body of the fabric using the antibacterial finishing agent.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: Step S4 includes: A1 adding sodium alginate to deionized water and stirring to prepare a sodium alginate solution; A2 adding gallnut extract to the sodium alginate solution and stirring until homogeneous, denoted as solution A, wherein the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract is 2.5:1.0; A3 taking deionized water, adding glacial acetic acid solution, stirring until homogeneous, adding calcium chloride, stirring until homogeneous, adding chitosan, and stirring until homogeneous, denoted as solution B; A4 adding solution A dropwise to solution B, stirring until homogeneous, adding glutaraldehyde solution, and waiting for microcapsules to form, denoted as solution C; A5 filtering solution C, placing the prepared microcapsules in an oven to dry, obtaining the finished gallnut antibacterial microcapsule product; A6 mixing gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and emulsifier at a ratio of 20:1, and adding a binder of polyurethane and distilled water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a gallnut antibacterial microcapsule finishing agent.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, sodium alginate and chitosan are both natural polymer materials with excellent biological properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial activity, and bioadhesion. They are also safe, non-toxic, and healthier. Furthermore, sodium alginate and chitosan are respectively polycationic and polyanionic natural polymers. Sodium alginate has a large number of carboxyl groups on its molecular chain, while chitosan has a large number of primary amino groups. Through positive and negative charge attraction, they form a polyelectrolyte membrane, which can effectively prevent premature rupture of the encapsulated gallnut extract microcapsules due to external environmental factors during release. In addition, chitosan... Sugar also has good broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, which enhances and prolongs the antibacterial effect of the fabric. When the ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract is low, the core material cannot be completely encapsulated, resulting in a low encapsulation rate of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules. However, when the ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract is too high, sodium alginate increases the viscosity of solution A, causing the resulting gallnut antibacterial microcapsules to easily adhere and agglomerate. Separating these microcapsules can easily cause damage, leading to a decrease in the encapsulation rate. The optimal match is achieved when the ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract is 2.5:1.0, resulting in the highest encapsulation rate of the obtained gallnut antibacterial microcapsules.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that step S8 includes the preparation of an antibacterial finishing agent and fabric finishing, wherein the antibacterial finishing agent is a polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt finishing agent, and its preparation steps include: B1 weighing dimethyl carbonate, tetradecyl tertiary amine and isopropanase, using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst, reacting at 130°C for 5 hours to obtain reactant one; B2 mixing reactant one, hydrochloric acid and isopropanol, reacting at 80°C for 2 hours; B3 dissolving amino silicone oil in isopropanol, adding it dropwise to the solution in step B2 within 3 hours, and stirring continuously, keeping the temperature for 2 hours to obtain reactant two; B4 rotary evaporating reactant two for 2 hours to obtain the final product, and adding AEO-9 and TX-10, and a composite emulsifier prepared at a ratio of 1:1 for high-shear dispersion emulsification to obtain an antibacterial finishing agent emulsion; B5 adding water and adjusting its pH to 6 to prepare the antibacterial finishing agent.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial finishing agent contains bactericidal cationic groups. It utilizes the active groups in the polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt to chemically bond the bactericidal cationic groups to the fiber surface, attracting negatively charged bacteria, molds, etc., and penetrating into the bacterial cells through the cell membrane, disrupting the metabolism of intracellular enzymes, thereby achieving bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. The molecular structure of polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt is highly variable and has excellent performance. It has the characteristics of organosilicon such as soft texture, high temperature resistance, waterproof and breathable properties, as well as the bactericidal and bacteriostatic functions of quaternary ammonium salt. It is firmly and lastingly bonded to the fiber and is safe and reliable for the human body.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that: the fabric finishing steps include C1 immersing the fabric body in an antibacterial finishing agent for 1 hour; C2 squeezing the fabric body through a squeezing machine with a residual rate of 80%; C3 drying the fabric body at 80°C; and C4 baking the fabric body at 120°C.

[0022] A special spinneret for antibacterial fabric includes a spinneret body with spinneret holes. The spinneret body has spinneret holes, which include a main hole located in the center and secondary holes arranged in an annular array around the outer edge of the main hole. The secondary holes are arranged in an isosceles triangle with their apex facing the center of the main hole.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the melt is ejected from the main hole and several secondary holes, the melt ejected from the main hole and the melt ejected from the secondary holes connect near the apex of the secondary holes, thereby forming irregular fibers. The secondary holes form convex edges. The secondary holes are arranged in an isosceles triangle so that the width of the side of the convex block away from the center of the irregular fiber is greater than the side of the convex block close to the center of the irregular fiber, which facilitates the forming of irregular fibers.

[0024] In summary, this invention has the following beneficial effects: When the bactericidal cationic groups come into contact with the negatively charged cell membrane of microorganisms, Coulomb attraction occurs, effectively adsorbing bacteria and causing them to die or lose their ability to divide and proliferate, thus improving the antibacterial ability of the fabric. The gallnut antibacterial microcapsules can release gallnut extract within the capsules in a long-lasting and sustained manner. The tannin content can reach up to 70% or more. Tannins have antibacterial properties, effectively improving the antibacterial ability of the fabric. A common problem with antibacterial microcapsules is that they detach due to friction with the external environment during fabric production and use. This invention attaches the antibacterial microcapsules to the core yarn, and... By wrapping the core yarn with a spiral wound yarn, an effective protective effect is achieved, providing a good solution to the problem of short antibacterial cycle of antibacterial microcapsules. At the same time, by storing gallnut antibacterial microcapsules in the gaps, the loss of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules in the core yarn during production can be effectively avoided, further extending the antibacterial cycle of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and making the fabric antibacterial for a long time. In addition, the spiral wound yarn wraps the elongated core yarn in a spiral manner, so that the core yarn is only exposed when the fabric undergoes elastic deformation. Therefore, when the clothing made of the fabric is left idle, the consumption of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules can be slowed down, further extending the antibacterial cycle of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the weaving structure of the main body of the fabric in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antibacterial yarn in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the antibacterial yarn in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the spinneret in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Antibacterial yarn; 2. Core yarn; 3. Wrapping yarn; 4. Gap; 5. Shaped fiber; 6. Raised edge; 7. Spinneret body; 8. Spinneret hole; 9. Main hole; 10. Secondary hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] An antibacterial fabric, such as Figure 1-3As shown, the fabric includes a main body woven from antibacterial yarn 1. The surface of the main body is provided with bactericidal cationic groups. The antibacterial yarn 1 includes a core yarn 2 and a winding yarn 3. The core yarn 2 is made of polyester and is elastic. The winding yarn 3 wraps the elongated core yarn 2 in a spiral manner so that the core yarn 2 is exposed when the antibacterial yarn 1 is taut. A gap 4 is formed inside the core yarn 2 that communicates with its surface. Gallnut antibacterial microcapsules are provided on the surface of the core yarn 2 and in the gap 4. The core yarn 2 is made by twisting several shaped fibers 5. The shaped fibers 5 include several radially arranged protruding edges 6. The width of the side of the protruding edge 6 away from the center of the shaped fiber 5 is greater than that of the side closer to the center of the shaped fiber 5. The gallnut antibacterial microcapsules are located on the side of the protruding edge 6. The winding yarn 3 is made of twisted polyester fiber and contains nano-copper particles.

[0032] Beneficial effects: When the bactericidal cationic groups come into contact with the negatively charged cell membrane of microorganisms, Coulomb attraction occurs, which can effectively adsorb bacteria, causing them to die or lose their ability to divide and proliferate, thus improving the antibacterial ability of the fabric. The gallnut antibacterial microcapsules can release the gallnut extract inside the capsules in a long-lasting and sustained manner. The mass fraction of tannins contained in the capsules can reach more than 70%. Tannins have antibacterial effects and can effectively improve the antibacterial ability of the fabric. However, a common problem with antibacterial microcapsules is that they detach due to friction with the outside world during the fabric production process and use. This invention attaches the antibacterial microcapsules to the core yarn 2 and wraps them with the winding yarn 3, which plays an effective protective role and provides a good solution to the problem of short antibacterial cycle of antibacterial microcapsules.

[0033] Meanwhile, after twisting, the irregular fiber 5 forms gaps 4 inside, which facilitates the containment of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and protects them. Fabric friction makes it less likely for the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules to fall off, facilitating the long-term slow release of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and increasing the duration of effective antibacterial activity of the fabric. Since the width of the side of the convex edge 6 away from the center of the irregular fiber 5 is greater than that of the side closer to the center of the irregular fiber 5, the opposite sides of the two convex edges 6 form a shape that can restrict the detachment of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules, further improving the firmness between the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and the fabric. This effectively avoids the loss of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules in the core yarn 2 during production, further extending the antibacterial cycle of the gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and making the fabric antibacterial for a long time.

[0034] In addition, the spiral yarn 3 wraps the elongated core yarn 2 in a spiral manner, so that the core yarn 2 is exposed when the fabric undergoes elastic deformation. Therefore, when the clothes made of the fabric are left unused, the consumption of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules can be slowed down, and the antibacterial cycle of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules can be further extended.

[0035] After the polyester fiber is formed, nano-sized copper particles are attached to its surface, and some of the nano-sized copper particles are embedded in the polyester fiber and tightly adhered to it. Since the winding yarn 3 is located on the surface, it places high demands on the adhesion of antibacterial metal particles. This method has a strong advantage over the traditional adhesion of antibacterial metal particles, with excellent water resistance and can maintain the fabric's antibacterial properties for a long time. When the trace amounts of positively charged copper ions on the nano-sized copper particles come into contact with the negatively charged cell membrane of microorganisms, Coulomb attraction occurs, allowing the copper ions to penetrate the cell membrane and enter the bacteria. They react with the sulfhydryl and amino groups on the proteins in the bacteria, destroying the cell proteins and causing the microorganisms to die or lose their ability to divide and proliferate, thus improving the fabric's antibacterial ability. At the same time, since most copper compounds are soluble and copper is an important trace element for the human body that can participate in human metabolism, the risk of heavy metal accumulation is greatly reduced, making the fabric healthier.

[0036] A manufacturing process for an antibacterial fabric includes the following steps: S1 Incorporating nano-sized copper into polyester fibers, followed by spinning to form polyester fibers with nano-sized copper particles; S2 Twisting the polyester fibers to form a wound yarn 3; S3 Spinning the profiled fiber 5 using a profiled spinneret 8 to form several radially arranged raised edges 6 during the forming process; S4 Preparing a gallnut antibacterial microcapsule finishing agent; S5 Attaching gallnut antibacterial microcapsules to the profiled fiber 5 via an impregnation method; S6 Twisting the profiled fiber 5 to form a core yarn 2; S7 Weaving the antibacterial yarn 1 to form the fabric body; S8 Attaching bactericidal cationic groups to the fabric body using the antibacterial finishing agent.

[0037] Specifically, step S4 includes: A1 adding sodium alginate to deionized water and stirring to prepare a sodium alginate solution; A2 adding gallnut extract to the sodium alginate solution and stirring until homogeneous, denoted as solution A, with a mass ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract of 2.5:1.0; A3 taking deionized water, adding glacial acetic acid solution, stirring until homogeneous, adding calcium chloride, stirring until homogeneous, adding chitosan, and stirring until homogeneous, denoted as solution B; A4 adding solution A dropwise to solution B, stirring until homogeneous, adding glutaraldehyde solution, and waiting for microcapsules to form, denoted as solution C; A5 filtering solution C, placing the formed microcapsules in an oven to dry, obtaining the finished gallnut antibacterial microcapsules; A6 mixing gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and emulsifier at a ratio of 20:1, and adding a binder of polyurethane and distilled water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a gallnut antibacterial microcapsule finishing agent;

[0038] Step S8 includes the preparation of an antibacterial finishing agent and fabric finishing. The antibacterial finishing agent is a polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt finishing agent, and its preparation steps include: B1 Weighing dimethyl carbonate, tetradecyl tertiary amine, and isopropanase, using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst, reacting at 130℃ for 5 hours to obtain reactant one; B2 Mixing reactant one, hydrochloric acid, and isopropanol, reacting at 80℃ for 2 hours; B3 Dissolving amino silicone oil in isopropanol, adding it dropwise to the solution from step B2 over 3 hours, stirring continuously, and maintaining the temperature for 2 hours to obtain... Reactant 2; B4. Reactant 2 is rotary evaporated for 2 hours to obtain the final product, and AEO-9 and TX-10 are added. A composite emulsifier prepared in a 1:1 ratio is used for high-shear dispersion emulsification to obtain an antibacterial finishing agent emulsion; B5. Water is added and its pH is adjusted to 6 to prepare an antibacterial finishing agent; The fabric finishing steps include C1. The main body of the fabric is immersed in the antibacterial finishing agent for 1 hour; C2. The fabric is rolled through a rolling mill with a roll-off rate of 80%; C3. The main body of the fabric is dried at 80°C; C4. The main body of the fabric is baked at 120°C.

[0039] Beneficial effects: Sodium alginate and chitosan are both natural polymer materials with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial properties, and bioadhesion. They are also safe, non-toxic, and healthier. Furthermore, sodium alginate and chitosan are polycationic and polyanionic natural polymers, respectively. Sodium alginate molecules have a large number of carboxyl groups, while chitosan molecules have a large number of primary amino groups. Through positive and negative charge attraction, they form a polyelectrolyte membrane, which effectively prevents premature rupture of the encapsulated gallnut extract microcapsules due to external environmental factors during release. In addition, chitosan also has… It has good broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, which enhances the antibacterial effect of the fabric and makes it more durable. When the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract is low, the core material cannot be completely encapsulated, resulting in a low encapsulation rate of gallnut antibacterial microcapsules. However, when the mass ratio of the two is too high, sodium alginate will increase the viscosity of solution A, causing the obtained gallnut antibacterial microcapsules to easily stick together and agglomerate. Separating these microcapsules is prone to damage, resulting in a decrease in the encapsulation rate. The optimal match is achieved when the mass ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract is 2.5:1.0, resulting in the highest encapsulation rate of the obtained gallnut antibacterial microcapsules.

[0040] Polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial finishing agents contain bactericidal cationic groups. These groups, through chemical bonds, bind to the fiber surface, attracting negatively charged bacteria and molds. The bacteria then penetrate the cell membrane, disrupting intracellular enzyme metabolism, thus achieving bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. Polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salts have highly variable molecular structures and excellent performance. They possess the soft texture, high temperature resistance, and waterproof and breathable properties of silicone, while also exhibiting the bactericidal and bacteriostatic functions of quaternary ammonium salts. They bond firmly and persistently to fibers and are safe and reliable for human use.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, a special spinneret for antibacterial fabrics is used to prepare the foreign fibers in the antibacterial fabrics. It includes a spinneret body 7, and a spinneret hole 8 is provided on the spinneret body 7. The spinneret hole 8 includes a main hole 9 located in the center and secondary holes 10 distributed in an annular array on the outer edge of the main hole 9. The secondary holes 10 are arranged in an isosceles triangle and their apex faces the center of the main hole 9.

[0042] Beneficial effects: When the melt is ejected from the main hole 9 and several secondary holes 10, the melt ejected from the main hole 9 and the melt ejected from the secondary holes 10 connect near the apex of the secondary holes 10, thereby forming a shaped fiber 5. The secondary holes 10 form a convex edge 6. The secondary holes 10 are arranged in an isosceles triangle so that the width of the side of the convex block away from the center of the shaped fiber 5 is greater than the side of the convex block close to the center of the shaped fiber 5, which facilitates the forming of shaped fibers.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antibacterial fabric, characterized in that: The fabric body is made of antibacterial yarn (1) and has bactericidal cationic groups on its surface. The antibacterial yarn (1) includes a core yarn (2) and a winding yarn (3). The core yarn (2) is elastic. The winding yarn (3) wraps the elongated core yarn (2) in a spiral manner to expose the core yarn (2) when the antibacterial yarn (1) is taut. The core yarn (2) has a gap (4) that communicates with its surface. The surface of the core yarn (2) and the gap (4) are provided with gallnut antibacterial microcapsules. The core yarn (2) is made by twisting several shaped fibers (5). The shaped fibers (5) include several radially arranged protrusions (6). The width of the side of the protrusion (6) away from the center of the shaped fiber (5) is greater than that of the side close to the center of the shaped fiber (5). The gallnut antibacterial microcapsules are located on the side of the protrusion (6).

2. The antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding yarn (3) is made of twisted polyester fiber, and the polyester fiber contains nano-copper particles.

3. A manufacturing process for an antibacterial fabric, used to produce the antibacterial fabric of claim 2, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: S1 Copper nanoparticles are implanted into polyester fibers and then spun into polyester fibers with nanoparticle copper particles; S2 Polyester fibers are twisted to form a winding yarn (3); S3 During the forming process, the irregularly shaped fibers (5) are spun into several radially arranged convex edges (6) using irregularly shaped spinnerets (8); S4 Gallnut antibacterial microcapsule finishing agent is prepared; S5 Gallnut antibacterial microcapsules are attached to the irregularly shaped fibers (5) by impregnation; S6 The irregularly shaped fibers (5) are twisted to form a core yarn (2); S7 Antibacterial yarn (1) is woven to form the main body of the fabric; S8 Antibacterial finishing agent is used to attach bactericidal cationic groups to the main body of the fabric.

4. The production process of an antibacterial fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S4 includes: A1 Adding sodium alginate to deionized water and stirring to prepare a sodium alginate solution; A2 Adding gallnut extract to the sodium alginate solution and stirring until homogeneous, denoted as solution A, with a mass ratio of sodium alginate to gallnut extract of 2.5:1.0; A3 Taking deionized water, adding glacial acetic acid solution, stirring until homogeneous, adding calcium chloride, stirring until homogeneous, adding chitosan, and stirring until homogeneous, denoted as solution B; A4 Adding solution A dropwise to solution B, stirring until homogeneous, adding glutaraldehyde solution, and waiting for microcapsules to form, denoted as solution C; A5 Filtering solution C, placing the formed microcapsules in an oven to dry, obtaining the finished gallnut antibacterial microcapsules; A6 Mixing gallnut antibacterial microcapsules and emulsifier at a ratio of 20:1, and adding a binder of polyurethane and distilled water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a gallnut antibacterial microcapsule finishing agent.

5. The production process of an antibacterial fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S8 includes the preparation of an antibacterial finishing agent and fabric finishing. The antibacterial finishing agent is a polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt finishing agent, and its preparation steps include: B1 Weighing dimethyl carbonate, tetradecyl tertiary amine and isopropanase, using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst, reacting at 130℃ for 5h to obtain reactant one; B2 Mixing reactant one, hydrochloric acid and isopropanol, reacting at 80℃ for 2h; B3 Dissolving amino silicone oil in isopropanol, adding it dropwise to the solution in step B2 within 3h, stirring continuously, and keeping it at the temperature for 2h to obtain reactant two; B4 Rotary evaporating reactant two for 2h to obtain the final product, and adding AEO-9 and TX-10, and performing high-shear dispersion emulsification with a composite emulsifier prepared at a 1:1 ratio to obtain an antibacterial finishing agent emulsion; B5 Adding water and adjusting its pH to 6 to prepare the antibacterial finishing agent.

6. The production process of an antibacterial fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fabric finishing steps include: C1 immersing the fabric body in an antibacterial finishing agent for 1 hour; C2 squeezing the fabric body through a squeezing machine with a residual rate of 80%; C3 drying the fabric body at 80°C; and C4 baking the fabric body at 120°C.

7. A special spinneret for antibacterial fabric, used to produce the antibacterial fabric of claim 1, characterized in that: The device includes a spinneret body (7), on which spinneret holes (8) are provided. The spinneret holes (8) include a main hole (9) located in the center and secondary holes (10) arranged in an annular array on the outer edge of the main hole (9). The secondary holes (10) are arranged in an isosceles triangle with their apex facing the center of the main hole (9).

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