Snow landing buffer slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of sports testing equipment, and the dry snow landing buffer slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test simulates the situation when the free-style skiing aerials athlete lands by a series of devices such as pressure gas output device, ejector, test dummy, roller slide carpet and air cushion device, the main process is to provide impact speed for the dummy by the ejector, to build 1:1 roller slide carpet air cushion buffer area at the terminal position, to simulate the impact process of the athlete landing link by the initial speed and impact angle, to accelerate the dummy to a certain speed and fly horizontally out by a set of ejection operation system to simulate the speed state when the free fall is about to contact the snow slope; the angle between the snowboard and the slope surface is simulated by adjusting the foot bottom height of the test dummy when the athlete lands each time; the inclination angle state of the real snow slope is simulated by laying the roller slide carpet with a certain inclination angle; and the mechanical properties of the snow ground are simulated by the air pressure of the air cushion device below the roller slide carpet.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sports testing equipment, and the dry snow landing buffer slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test. BACKGROUND

[0002] Freestyle skiing aerials is mainly composed of four technical links of sliding acceleration, take-off, aerial action and landing. It is extremely attractive, and the technical movements of athletes are completed in a fast and high-altitude environment. This feature also determines that athletes will bear a large impact force when landing, which is easy to cause body injury.

[0003] In view of the injury of athletes in the training and competition of ice and snow sports, Gao Yan used the injury monitoring system on the official website of the International Ski Federation from 2006 to 2014 to carry out injury research, analyzed the injury type, injury site and injury risk, and put forward suggestions to reduce injury. Lou Yantao et al. used a high-speed camera to observe the landing process of athletes in different postures, analyzed the changes of buffer time, force peak, pressure center of gravity and joint angle, and carried out research on the biomechanical mechanism of landing buffer according to the analysis content. Chen Nayun et al. analyzed the cases of aerials athletes hospitalized due to injury, and studied the main injury types and possible injury mechanisms. N. Bailly et al. established a computer model to simulate the scenario of traumatic brain injury caused by falling in alpine skiing and snowboarding, simulated the head injury under different conditions, and according to the simulation results, put forward suggestions on the design and test method of helmet. In summary, the research on human body injury in ice and snow sports is mainly based on the analysis of existing athlete injury data and the analysis of test images using high-speed cameras. The use of dummy test and model simulation for injury research has been carried out in gymnastics, alpine snowboarding and other projects and has achieved high precision, but the application of injury research in the landing link of freestyle skiing aerials is less. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application proposes a dry snow landing buffer slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test, which can simulate the impact process of the landing link of athletes.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0006] The dry snow landing buffer slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test comprises

[0007] The sliding rail device is provided with a trolley buffer device at the end of the sliding rail device for buffering the trolley;

[0008] The trolley is slidably arranged on the sliding rail device, and the test dummy is placed on the trolley;

[0009] a catapult, a power end of which is connected with the sledge to drive the sledge to move on the slide rail and to shoot the test dummy from the end of the slide rail device;

[0010] a roller slide carpet, which is arranged at a position corresponding to the end of the slide rail device, and is arranged in a spaced manner with the end of the slide rail device to receive the test dummy;

[0011] an air cushion device, which is arranged in a close manner on the back of the roller slide carpet, and is used to adjust the rigidity of the simulated snow slope by changing the inflation amount;

[0012] a pressure gas output device, which is connected with the catapult, the air cushion device and the sledge buffer device through pipelines respectively to provide pressure gas to the catapult, the air cushion device and the sledge buffer device, and to adjust the shooting speed of the sledge by the catapult, the support strength of the roller slide carpet by the air cushion device, and the buffer strength of the sledge buffer device;

[0013] a control module, which is signal connected with the catapult and the pressure gas output device respectively to control the output gas pressure of the pressure gas output device to the catapult, the air cushion device and the sledge buffer device, and to control the opening timing of the catapult.

[0014] Preferably, the test dummy wears a complete set of skiing equipment to simulate the skiing state of a person, and the height of the test dummy is 165 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the test dummy is installed on the sledge by a clamp, the test dummy has an adjustable counterweight, and the test dummy can be adjusted to be placed on the sledge at an angle to adjust the angle of the test dummy contacting the roller slide carpet.

[0016] Preferably, the setting angle of the roller slide carpet is 37°.

[0017] Preferably, the test dummy wears snowboards on the feet, the snowboards are provided with three-dimensional force sensors for detecting the impact force when the snowboards contact the roller slide carpet, and the three-dimensional force sensors are signal connected with the control module.

[0018] Preferably, the roller slide carpet is provided with a target position for receiving the test dummy, and the roller slide carpet is also provided with a high-speed camera, which is signal connected with the control module, and the shooting part of the high-speed camera faces the target position, and the high-speed camera is used to detect the impact displacement of the roller slide carpet when the snowboard of the test dummy contacts the roller slide carpet.

[0019] Preferably, the dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on the test dummy shooting impact test is used as follows,

[0020] Place the test dummy on the trolley, adjust the height of the feet of the test dummy, correspondingly adjust the angle of the snowboard of the test dummy, arrange the roller slide carpet and the air cushion device,

[0021] Set the pressure gas output parameter of the pressure gas output device through the control module, output pressure gas to the ejector, trolley buffer device and air cushion device through the pressure gas output device, set up the high-speed camera, and complete the preparation work;

[0022] Trigger the test through the control module, the ejector pushes the trolley and the test dummy to be ejected from the slide rail device, the trolley buffer device at the end of the slide rail device buffers the trolley, the test dummy hits the target position of the roller slide carpet, the force change data of the snowboard hitting the roller slide carpet is obtained through the three-dimensional force sensor, the displacement change data of the target position in the process of the snowboard hitting the roller slide carpet is obtained through the high-speed camera, and the impact force received by the dummy is analyzed through the force change data and the displacement change data, so as to simulate the landing link of the aerial technique of freestyle skiing.

[0023] The beneficial effects of using the present application are:

[0024] The device simulates the situation when the aerial technique of freestyle skiing athlete lands through a series of devices such as pressure gas output device, ejector, test dummy, roller slide carpet and air cushion device, and the main process is to provide impact speed for the dummy by the ejector, build a 1:1 roller slide carpet air cushion buffer area at the end position, and simulate the impact process of the landing link of the athlete by using the initial speed and impact angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on the dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the slide rail device and trolley cooperation in the dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on the dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the roller slide carpet in the dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on the dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the test dummy high landing snow entry angle state in the dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on the dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the test dummy medium landing snow entry angle state in the dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on the dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0030] Figure 6A schematic diagram of a low landing angle state of a test dummy in a dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on a dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0031] Figure 7 First group of first test result data in a dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on a dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0032] Figure 8 First group of second test result data in a dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on a dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0033] Figure 9 Second group of first test result data in a dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on a dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0034] Figure 10 Second group of second test result data in a dry snow landing buffer slope test device based on a dummy ejection impact test of the present application.

[0035] Reference signs include:

[0036] 10-pressure gas output device, 20-ejector, 21-mechanical push arm, 31-sliding rail device, 32-pushing cart, 33-test dummy, 34-pushing cart buffer device, 41-roller sliding carpet, 411-target position, 42-air cushion device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the technical solution more clear and obvious, the technical solution will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the technical solution.

[0038] As Figures 1-3As shown, the test device for dry snow landing buffer slope based on dummy ejection impact test in the embodiment includes a slide rail device 31, an end of the slide rail device 31 is provided with a trolley buffer device 34 for buffering a trolley 32; the trolley 32 is slidably arranged on the slide rail device 31, and a test dummy 33 is placed on the trolley 32; an ejector 20 is connected with the trolley 32 at a power end, so as to drive the trolley 32 to move on the slide rail and make the test dummy 33 ejected from the end of the slide rail device 31; a roller slide carpet 41 is arranged at a position corresponding to the end of the slide rail device 31, and the roller slide carpet 41 is arranged at intervals with the end of the slide rail device 31, so as to receive the test dummy 33; an air cushion device 42 is arranged on the back of the roller slide carpet 41 in abutment, and the stiffness of the simulated snow slope is adjusted by changing the inflation amount; a pressure gas output device 10 is connected with the ejector 20, the air cushion device 42 and the trolley buffer device 34 through pipelines respectively, so as to provide pressure gas for the ejector 20, the air cushion device 42 and the trolley buffer device 34, and correspondingly adjust the ejection speed of the trolley 32 by the ejector 20, the support strength of the roller slide carpet 41 by the air cushion device 42, and the buffering strength of the trolley buffer device 34; a control module is signal connected with the ejector 20 and the pressure gas output device 10 respectively, so as to control the output air pressure of the pressure gas output device 10 to the ejector 20, the air cushion device 42 and the trolley buffer device 34, and control the opening time of the ejector 20.

[0039] The specific structure of the device is described in detail below.

[0040] The function of the ejector 20 is to accelerate the dummy to a predetermined initial speed within a specified time and distance, and the maximum ejection speed is 15 m / s. The red part in the figure is the mechanical push arm 21 that needs to be in contact with the trolley 32.

[0041] The slide rail device 31 of the dummy trolley 32 includes the slide rail device 31, the trolley 32, the test dummy 33 and the trolley buffer device 34. The mechanical push arm 21 of the ejector 20 is in direct contact with the trolley 32, so as to provide speed and acceleration for the trolley 32, and thus the test dummy 33 and the trolley 32 move linearly on the slide rail device 31 built below.

[0042] The test dummy 33 wears a complete set of skiing equipment to simulate the skiing state of the person, and the height of the dummy is 165 cm. A three-dimensional force sensor is embedded in the snowshoe or snowboard below the test dummy 33 to test the impact force response. Meanwhile, the test can test various snow entry angle conditions. Specifically, the test dummy 33 wears a snowboard on the feet, and the snowboard is provided with a three-dimensional force sensor for detecting the impact force when the snowboard contacts the roller slide carpet 41. The three-dimensional force sensor is signal connected with the control module.

[0043] In addition, as preferred, the test dummy 33 is installed on the trolley 32 by a fixture, the test dummy 33 has an adjustable counterweight, the test dummy 33 is adjustably placed on the trolley 32 at an angle to adjust the angle at which the test dummy 33 contacts the roller carpet 41. As shown in Figures 4-6 Figure 4 For the high landing angle into the snow state of the test dummy 33, Figure 5 For the medium landing angle into the snow state of the test dummy 33, Figure 6 For the low landing angle into the snow state of the test dummy 33.

[0044] The trolley buffer device 34 is arranged at the end position of the slide rail device 31, which is used to contact the trolley 32 to stop its advance, while the test dummy 33 continues to impact the roller carpet 41 at the same speed as the end of the ejection range of the ejector 20. After the trolley 32 is accelerated by the ejector 20, the trolley 32 is impacted by six buffer rods by itself, the buffer rods have a certain stiffness, and the buffer effect is determined by the stiffness of a single buffer rod and the number of buffer rods. The trolley 32 is impacted to the end of the rod, and the rod is compressed to slow down the trolley.

[0045] The roller carpet 41 and the air cushion device 42 are combined to form a simulated snow table, and the roller carpet 41 and the air cushion device 42 simulate the construction of a large-span dry snow buffer area structure. The roller carpet 41 is supported by spring connection on both sides, and the air cushion device 42 made of wear-resistant material is arranged behind the roller carpet 41, which has a required flexural ratio. The spring stiffness at both ends of the roller carpet 41 and the air pressure are adjustable, thereby realizing the corresponding variable stiffness of real snow. The air cushion device 42 is designed to better simulate the snow slope. The surface stiffness of a single roller carpet 41 structure is too low to restore the stiffness of the landing break in real competition. Therefore, the air cushion device 42 is designed below the roller carpet 41, and the stiffness of the air cushion structure 42 is controlled by the size of the air pressure inside the air cushion device 42. The roller carpet 41 is in contact with the air cushion device 42, thereby simulating the stiffness of the landing snow slope.

[0046] The roller carpet 41 is provided with a target position 411 for receiving the test dummy 33, and the roller carpet 41 is also provided with a high-speed camera, which is signal connected with a control module. The shooting part of the high-speed camera faces the target position 411, and the high-speed camera is used to detect the impact displacement of the roller carpet 41 when the test dummy 33 contacts the roller carpet 41 with the snowboard.

[0047] ​The device can conduct a dummy ejection test to simulate the impact process of the landing link of the athlete. The variable output includes: dummy weight, dummy impact angle, dummy impact speed, spring stiffness of the roller slide carpet 41, air cushion inflation (air pressure), etc. The impact force response is obtained through the three-dimensional force sensor embedded in the snowboard. The impact displacement response is obtained through the high-speed camera. Thus, the variable stiffness constitutive relationship of the roller slide carpet 41 air cushion device 42 is obtained, and the optimal construction scheme is obtained through parameter optimization.

[0048] Preferably, the setting angle of the roller slide carpet 41 is 37°. When the test dummy 33 impacts horizontally onto the slide carpet with a certain inclination angle, the situation of the athlete falling freely onto the snow slope can be simulated.

[0049] The use method of the device is as follows: the test dummy 33 is placed on the cart 32, the height of the feet of the test dummy 33 is adjusted, the angle of the snowboard of the test dummy 33 is adjusted, the roller slide carpet 41 and the air cushion device 42 are arranged,

[0050] The pressure gas output parameters of the pressure gas output device 10 are set through the control module, the pressure gas is output to the ejector 20, the cart buffer device 34 and the air cushion device 42 through the pressure gas output device 10, the high-speed camera is erected, and the preparation work is completed;

[0051] The test is triggered through the control module, the cart 32 and the test dummy 33 are pushed out by the ejector 20 from the slide rail device 31, the cart buffer device 34 at the end of the slide rail device 31 buffers the cart 32, the test dummy 33 impacts the target position 411 of the roller slide carpet 41, the force change data of the snowboard impacting the roller slide carpet 41 is obtained through the three-dimensional force sensor, the displacement change data of the target position 411 in the process of the snowboard impacting the roller slide carpet 41 is obtained through the high-speed camera, and the impact force received by the dummy is analyzed through the force change data and the displacement change data, so as to simulate the landing link of the aerial technique of the free-style skiing.

[0052] The recording of the load data is mainly through the three-dimensional force sensor on the snowboard. Each impact, the snowboard will feedback a set of time load data, and the change of the plantar force under different impact conditions is recorded according to the feedback data. The recording of the displacement data is mainly through the specific marker point on the roller slide carpet, i.e. the target position 411, through the fixed-point shooting of the high-speed camera, the displacement change of the specific point is captured, and after post-processing, the displacement change of the impact point of the dummy can be obtained.

[0053] Combined with the time displacement data and the time load data, the displacement load curve of the snowboard and the roller slide carpet under different working conditions can be obtained.

[0054] As Figures 7-10As shown, two groups of results are air pressure 0.254 / 0.347, speed 7.5 / 10 m / s, the impact force and impact displacement results under the condition. It can be found that with the increase of air volume and impact speed, the impact force becomes larger, and the impact position becomes smaller. In addition, the test has repeatability under the same working condition, and the results remain stable. The influence law and quantitative description of other parameters need to be further explored by experiments.

[0055] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, many changes can be made in the specific implementation and application range according to the technical content of the present application, as long as these changes do not deviate from the concept of the present application, and all belong to the protection scope of the present patent.

Claims

1. A snow landing ramp testing device based on dummy ejection impact test, characterized in that: include The slide rail device has a trolley buffer device at its end for cushioning the trolley. A trolley, which can be slidably mounted on a slide rail device, holds a test dummy; A catapult, the power end of which is connected to the trolley to drive the trolley to move on the slide rail and launch the test dummy from the end of the slide rail device; A roller mat is installed at the end of the corresponding slide rail device, with the roller mat spaced apart from the end of the slide rail device, and is used to support the test dummy; An air cushion device is attached to the back of a roller mat, and the stiffness of the simulated snow slope is adjusted by changing the amount of air. A pressurized gas output device is connected to the catapult, air cushion device and trolley buffer device through pipelines to provide pressurized gas to the catapult, air cushion device and trolley buffer device, and adjust the speed of the catapult trolley, the support strength of the air cushion device on the roller carpet and the buffer strength of the trolley buffer device accordingly. The control module is signal-connected to the catapult and the pressurized gas output device, respectively, and is used to control the output gas pressure of the pressurized gas output device to the catapult, the air cushion device and the trolley buffer device, as well as to control the opening timing of the catapult. The test dummy is wearing snowboards on its feet. The snowboards have a built-in three-dimensional force sensor for detecting the impact force when the snowboards come into contact with the roller axle and the ski mat. The three-dimensional force sensor is connected to the control module. The roller mat is provided with a target position for receiving the test dummy. The roller mat is also equipped with a high-speed camera, which is signal-connected to the control module. The high-speed camera's imaging part faces the target position. The high-speed camera is used to detect the impact displacement of the roller mat when the test dummy's snowboards come into contact with the roller mat.

2. The snow landing cushion slope testing device based on the dummy ejection impact test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test dummy was wearing a full set of ski equipment to simulate the skiing state of a person. The dummy was 165cm tall.

3. The snow landing cushion slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test dummy is mounted on a trolley using clamps. The test dummy has an adjustable counterweight and its angle on the trolley can be adjusted to regulate the angle at which the test dummy contacts the roller bearing.

4. The snow landing cushion slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller slide is set at an angle of 37°.

5. The snow landing cushion slope testing device based on dummy ejection impact test according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its usage method is as follows: Place the test dummy on the cart, adjust the height of the dummy's feet, adjust the angle of the dummy's skis accordingly, and set up the roller mat and air cushion device. The pressure gas output parameters of the pressure gas output device are set by the control module, and the pressure gas output device outputs pressure gas to the catapult, the trolley buffer device and the air cushion device. A high-speed camera is set up to complete the preparation work. The test is triggered by the control module. The catapult pushes the trolley and test dummy out of the slide rail device. The trolley buffer device at the end of the slide rail device buffers the trolley. The test dummy hits the target position of the roller mat. The force change data of the snowboard hitting the roller mat is obtained by the three-dimensional force sensor. The displacement change data of the target position of the snowboard hitting the roller mat is obtained by the high-speed camera. The impact force received by the dummy is analyzed by the force change data and displacement change data to simulate the landing of freestyle skiing aerial skills.

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