An antenna device and its three-dimensional detection method for borehole radar directional detection

Abstract

This invention relates to an antenna device and its three-dimensional detection method for borehole radar directional detection. The device includes: a micro motor, a rotating shaft, an outer shield, an outer transmission shield, a four-channel rotary joint, a rotation angle sensor, a receiving transducer, a transmitting transducer, an inner shield, an inner transmission window, and an electronic compass. The output shaft of the micro motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft, the four-channel rotary joint, the rotation angle sensor, the inner shield, and the electronic compass are sequentially and coaxially connected. The receiving and transmitting transducers are disposed inside the inner shield. The inner transmission window is disposed on the side wall of the inner shield. The outer shield is disposed outside the micro motor, the rotating shaft, the four-channel rotary joint, and the rotation angle sensor. The outer transmission shield is disposed outside the inner shield and the electronic compass. This device enables precise radar signal transmission and reception, overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional two-dimensional radar antennas' non-directional electromagnetic wave detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering physical detection technology, specifically to an antenna device for borehole radar directional detection and its three-dimensional detection method. Background Technology

[0002] The continuous improvement of urbanization has led to the occupation of a large amount of land resources. To improve the utilization rate of land resources, underground space development and utilization projects are gradually increasing. Underground engineering is a concealed project, and geological surveys or defect detection are usually required before construction to ensure the safety of the newly built superstructure. Borehole radar detection is a relatively effective and convenient general survey physical detection technology. First, a borehole is pre-drilled at the target site and a radar antenna is placed. Then, the radar signal is transmitted and received through the antenna to detect and analyze the geological conditions around the borehole. It can generally be used to detect anomalous objects such as karst caves, rock and soil anomalies, stratigraphic fault zones, and underground pipeline structures around the borehole.

[0003] Currently, borehole radar uses a radial transmitting and receiving antenna, which can only roughly determine the approximate area around the borehole where anomalies are located. It cannot accurately pinpoint the specific location of the detected anomalies, making it difficult to take targeted post-processing measures. For example, a cave structure may be detected at a certain depth in the borehole, but its exact location—whether to the left, right, in front, or behind the borehole—cannot be determined, so the cave cannot be dealt with in a timely manner.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need to develop a new method for setting up repeater connections to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an antenna device for borehole radar directional detection and a three-dimensional detection method thereof.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, an antenna device for borehole radar directional detection is provided, the device comprising:

[0007] 1. Miniature motor; 2. Shaft; 3. Outer shell shield; 4. Outer shell transmission cover; 5. Four-channel rotary joint; 6. Rotation angle sensor; 7. Receiving transducer; 8. Transmitting transducer; 9. Inner shell shield; 10. Inner shell transmission window; and 11. Electronic compass.

[0008] The output shaft of the micro motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2, the four-channel rotary joint 5, the rotation angle sensor 6, the inner shell shield 9, and the electronic compass 11 are coaxially connected in sequence. The receiving transducer 7 and the transmitting transducer 8 are disposed inside the inner shell shield 9 so that the rotating shaft 2, the four-channel rotary joint 5, the rotation angle sensor 6, the receiving transducer 7, the transmitting transducer 8, the inner shell shield 9, and the electronic compass 11 rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the micro motor 1.

[0009] The inner shell transmission window 10 is disposed on the side wall of the inner shell shield 9;

[0010] The outer shell shield 3 is disposed outside the micro motor 1, the rotating shaft 2, the four-channel rotary joint 5 and the rotation angle sensor 6, and the outer shell transmission cover 4 is disposed outside the inner shell shield 9 and the electronic compass 11. The outer shell shield 3 and the outer shell transmission cover 4 together constitute the outer shell of the antenna device.

[0011] Optionally, the inner shell transmission window 10 includes a first inner shell transmission window and a second inner shell transmission window.

[0012] The receiving transducer 7 is located above the transmitting transducer 8, and the first inner shell transmission window is located above the second inner shell transmission window.

[0013] The first inner shell transmission window corresponds to the receiving transducer 7 and is used to limit the direction in which the receiving transducer 7 receives electromagnetic wave signals.

[0014] The second inner shell transmission window corresponds to the transmitting transducer 8 and is used to limit the direction of electromagnetic wave signals emitted by the transmitting transducer 8.

[0015] Optionally, the antenna device further includes: a traction wire 12 and an electric pulley mechanism 13;

[0016] The micro motor 1 is connected to the pulley mechanism 13 via the traction line 12 to ensure the energized operation of the micro motor 1 and the data transmission between the antenna device and the pulley mechanism 13.

[0017] Optionally, the electric pulley mechanism 13 is provided with a lifting device inside, which is used to control the antenna device to move up and down inside the borehole.

[0018] Optionally, the antenna device further includes: a data cable 14 and a radar host 15;

[0019] The pulley mechanism 13 is connected to the radar host 15 via the data line 14, and is used to transmit the data obtained from the antenna device to the radar host 15 located on the ground.

[0020] Optionally, the antenna device further includes: a rubber protective pad 16;

[0021] The number of rubber protective pads 16 includes two, which are respectively set at the upper end and the lower end of the antenna device to protect the antenna device from interference from external collisions and vibrations when it moves up and down to perform detection operations.

[0022] Optionally, the outer shell shield 3 and the inner shell shield 9 are made of electromagnetic wave shielding material.

[0023] Optionally, the outer shell transmission cover 4 and the inner shell transmission window 10 are made of electromagnetic wave-transmitting material.

[0024] Optionally, the opening direction of the inner shell transmission window 10 is parallel to the direction of the electronic compass 11, so as to determine the specific horizontal orientation of the inner shell transmission window 10 in the borehole by the angle displayed by the electronic compass 11.

[0025] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a three-dimensional detection method for an antenna device for borehole radar directional detection is provided, applied to the antenna device described in the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising:

[0026] Drilling and cleaning are carried out at the target location in the target site using drilling equipment to ensure that there is no mud or hole collapse in the borehole that would affect the up and down movement of the antenna device.

[0027] If a hole collapse occurs within the drilled hole, the stability of the hole wall is protected by lowering a PVC sleeve, wherein the inner diameter of the PVC sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the antenna device.

[0028] The antenna device, electric pulley mechanism, and radar host are connected by traction lines and data lines;

[0029] The electric pulley mechanism is attached to the drill hole, allowing the antenna device to sink down to the bottom of the hole with the help of the electric pulley mechanism.

[0030] Based on the difference between the lowering depth of the antenna device and the drilling depth, it is determined whether the antenna device has sunk to the preset bottom elevation of the hole;

[0031] Open the radar host's operating software, input the rotation speed parameters of the micro motor and the lifting speed parameters of the electric pulley mechanism according to the detection accuracy requirements, and press the start button to start the borehole radar detection operation;

[0032] The received reflected electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the radar host, and the electromagnetic wave signal model around the borehole is displayed on the screen of the radar host.

[0033] Using the electromagnetic wave signal processing and analysis software built into the radar host, the three-dimensional electromagnetic wave detection signal around the borehole is post-processed to eliminate interference signals and obtain an image.

[0034] By analyzing the strength, amplitude, and travel time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signal, the three-dimensional spatial distribution and external structure of the anomaly can be determined.

[0035] In summary, this invention relates to an antenna device and its three-dimensional detection method for borehole radar directional detection. The device includes: a micro-motor, a rotating shaft, an outer shield, an outer transmission shield, a four-channel rotary joint, a rotation angle sensor, a receiving transducer, a transmitting transducer, an inner shield, an inner transmission window, and an electronic compass. The output shaft of the micro-motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft, the four-channel rotary joint, the rotation angle sensor, the inner shield, and the electronic compass are sequentially coaxially connected. The receiving and transmitting transducers are disposed inside the inner shield. The inner transmission window is disposed on the side wall of the inner shield. The outer shield is disposed outside the micro-motor, the rotating shaft, the four-channel rotary joint, and the rotation angle sensor. The outer transmission shield is disposed outside the inner shield and the electronic compass. This invention enables precise radar signal transmission and reception, overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional two-dimensional radar antennas' non-directional electromagnetic wave detection. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 It is based on Figure 1 An AA cross-sectional view is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 It is based on Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates the detection process of the antenna device.

[0040] Figure 4 It is based on Figure 1 The diagram shows a rotary drilling detection path for an antenna device.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a three-dimensional detection method for an antenna device used in borehole radar directional detection, according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides an antenna device 100 for borehole radar directional detection. The antenna device 100 includes: a micro motor 1, a rotating shaft 2, an outer shell shielding cover 3, an outer shell transmission cover 4, a four-channel rotary joint 5, a rotation angle sensor 6, a receiving transducer 7, a transmitting transducer 8, an inner shell shielding cover 9, an inner shell transmission window 10, and an electronic compass 11. The output shaft of the micro motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2, the four-channel rotary joint 5, the rotation angle sensor 6, the inner shell shielding cover 9, and the electronic compass 11 are sequentially and coaxially connected. The receiving transducer 7 and the transmitting transducer 8 are disposed within the... The inner shell shield 9 is located inside the inner shell shield 9 so that the rotating shaft 2, the four-channel rotary joint 5, the rotation angle sensor 6, the receiving transducer 7, the transmitting transducer 8, the inner shell shield 9, and the electronic compass 11 rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the micro motor 1; the inner shell transmission window 10 is located on the side wall of the inner shell shield 9; the outer shell shield 3 is located outside the micro motor 1, the rotating shaft 2, the four-channel rotary joint 5, and the rotation angle sensor 6; the outer shell transmission cover 4 is located outside the inner shell shield 9 and the electronic compass 11; the outer shell shield 3 and the outer shell transmission cover 4 together constitute the outer shell of the antenna device.

[0044] For example, the micro motor 1 is used to drive rotation and is connected to the rotating shaft 2 via an output shaft. The rotating shaft 2 is connected to a four-channel rotary joint 5, which transmits the rotary drilling body signal to the outside. The four-channel rotary joint 5 is connected to a rotation angle sensor 6, which is also mounted on the inner shell shield 9. The rotation angle sensor 6 is used to record the rotation angle of the rotating body and to collect the rotation angle-time history data of the motor shaft, providing data support for the subsequent accurate positioning of abnormal objects. A receiving transducer 7 and a transmitting transducer 8 are located inside the inner shell shield 9. The receiving transducer 7 is used to receive external electromagnetic wave signals, and the transmitting transducer 8 is used to generate and transmit electromagnetic wave signals outward.

[0045] In addition, since both the transmission and reception of radar signals are carried out during the rotation process, a four-channel multi-functional rotary joint is set at the position of the shaft 2 of the micro motor 1. This joint is used to transmit data information collected by the rotation angle sensor 6, the receiving transducer 7, the transmitting transducer 8, and the electronic compass 11 during the rotation process, ensuring the stability and reliability of signal transmission.

[0046] In addition, the antenna device also includes a rubber protective pad 16; the number of rubber protective pads 16 includes two, which are respectively set at the upper end and the lower end of the antenna device, and are used to protect the antenna device from external collision and vibration interference when it moves up and down to carry out detection operations.

[0047] It should be noted that all functional components inside the antenna device 100 are axially symmetrical, thus ensuring that the components do not wobble left or right when driven by the micro motor 1. Specifically, the micro motor 1 needs to be powered on. After being powered on, it drives the output shaft and rotating shaft 2 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotation angle sensor 6, receiving transducer 7, transmitting transducer 8, inner shell shield 9, inner shell transmission window 10, and electronic compass to rotate synchronously 11. It should be noted that the electronic compass 11 is used to record the real-time orientation of the inner shell transmission window 10.

[0048] In addition, since the micro motor 1 is located inside the outer casing shield 3 and the outer casing transmission cover 4, the antenna device 100 is not disturbed by the rotation of the micro motor 1, and the overall sealing and stability of the antenna device 100 casing are also improved.

[0049] Specifically, the antenna device 100 consists of a sealed, waterproof, and rigid outer shell composed of an outer shielding cover 3 and an outer transmission cover 4, used to protect the high-sensitivity sensor inside the antenna device 100 from damage caused by high water pressure and external impact. The outer shielding cover 3 and the inner shielding cover 9 are made of electromagnetic wave shielding material, possessing excellent electromagnetic shielding capabilities. On the one hand, they shield against external interference to the magnetic sensor inside the antenna device 100; on the other hand, they shield against electromagnetic wave interference signals generated by the internal micro-motor 1 during operation. The outer transmission cover 4 and the inner transmission window 10 are made of electromagnetic wave transparent material, intended to enable the transmitting transducer 8 inside the antenna device 100 to transmit electromagnetic wave signals 23 and to enable the receiving transducer 7 to receive useful external reflected electromagnetic wave signals 24.

[0050] The inner shell transmission window 10 includes a first inner shell transmission window and a second inner shell transmission window. The receiving transducer 7 is located above the transmitting transducer 8, and the first inner shell transmission window is located above the second inner shell transmission window. The first inner shell transmission window corresponds to the receiving transducer 7 and is used to limit the direction in which the receiving transducer 7 receives electromagnetic wave signals. The second inner shell transmission window corresponds to the transmitting transducer 8 and is used to limit the direction in which the transmitting transducer 8 emits electromagnetic wave signals. The opening direction of the inner shell transmission window 10 is parallel to the direction of the electronic compass 11, so that the specific horizontal orientation of the inner shell transmission window 10 within the borehole can be determined by the angle displayed by the electronic compass 11.

[0051] Specifically, the receiving transducer 7 and the transmitting transducer 8 are sealed and enclosed within the inner shell shield 9 and the inner shell transmission window 10, and both can rotate together with the shaft 2 of the micro motor 1. The transmitting transducer 8 is used to transmit radial electromagnetic wave signals. Because it is enclosed by the inner shell shield 9 and the inner shell transmission window 10, the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal 23 can only propagate to the outside through the inner shell transmission window 10, and the receiving transducer 7 can only receive the reflected electromagnetic wave signal 24 reflected from the outside through the inner shell shield 9.

[0052] In addition, the inner shell transmission window 10 is set on the same side of the inner shell shield 9, one at the top and one at the bottom. Its opening size is related to the electromagnetic wave frequency, detection accuracy, motor rotation speed, etc. It is an important structure for accurately detecting the specific location of anomalies. It can limit the transmission and reception direction of electromagnetic waves, realize refined radar signal transmission and reception, and solve the technical drawbacks of non-directional electromagnetic wave detection of traditional two-dimensional radar antennas.

[0053] In addition, the horizontal opening direction of the inner shell transmission window 10 is parallel to the electronic compass 11 set at the bottom, and its initial state north-pointing scale is consistent with the north direction. The specific horizontal orientation of the inner shell transmission window 10 in the borehole can be determined based on the angle difference data displayed by the electronic compass 11.

[0054] In addition, the antenna device also includes a traction line 12 and an electric pulley mechanism 13. The micro motor 1 is connected to the pulley mechanism 13 via the traction line 12 to ensure the energization and operation of the micro motor 1 and the data transmission between the antenna device and the pulley mechanism 13. The electric pulley mechanism 13 is equipped with a lifting device inside, which is used to control the up and down movement of the antenna device within the borehole.

[0055] In addition, the antenna device also includes a data cable 14 and a radar host 15; the pulley mechanism 13 is connected to the radar host 15 via the data cable 14, and is used to transmit the data obtained from the antenna device to the radar host 15 located on the ground.

[0056] The antenna device 100 is connected to the electric pulley mechanism 13 via a traction line 12. The traction line 12 contains signal lines and cables, providing data transmission for the various sensors inside the antenna device 100 and powering the micro-motor. The electric pulley mechanism is connected to the radar host via a data line, which transmits data information from the antenna device 100 to the radar host on the ground. The electric pulley mechanism 13 has a built-in lifting device that controls the vertical movement of the antenna device 100 and records its vertical position information within the borehole.

[0057] In specific applications, such as Figure 3As shown, the antenna device 100, borehole 21, traction line 12, electric pulley mechanism 13, and radar host 15 need to work together in a coordinated manner. While the electric pulley mechanism 13 lifts upwards, the antenna device 100 continuously scans and probes the geological conditions around the borehole 21, forming a pattern such as... Figure 4 The scanning path is used to obtain radar detection data along the scanning path. It should be noted that as long as the rotation speed of the micro motor 1 matches the lifting speed of the electric pulley mechanism 13, the three-dimensional spatial information of the anomaly 22 around the borehole 21 can be obtained.

[0058] Specifically, the radar host 15 of the present invention has built-in data analysis software, which can construct a three-dimensional data model around the borehole based on the data information of the electric pulley mechanism 13, the rotation angle sensor 6, the receiving transducer 7, the transmitting transducer 8 and the electronic compass 11. By receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave signal 23, the specific spatial distribution of the abnormal body 22 in the borehole can be determined, thereby realizing the three-dimensional fine radar detection of the abnormal body 22 around the borehole.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a three-dimensional detection method for an antenna device used in borehole radar directional detection, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, an antenna device for borehole radar directional detection is used, and the method includes:

[0060] In step 501, drilling and cleaning are carried out at the target location of the target site using drilling equipment to ensure that there is no mud or hole collapse in the borehole that would affect the up-and-down movement of the antenna device.

[0061] In step 502, if a hole collapse occurs within the borehole, the stability of the borehole wall is protected by lowering a PVC sleeve, wherein the inner diameter of the PVC sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the antenna device.

[0062] It should be noted that, in order to obtain a better electromagnetic wave signal, all water should be pumped out of the casing as much as possible. In this case, the bottom of the casing must be sealed and a waterproof joint must be installed at the casing connection.

[0063] In step 503, the antenna device, the electric pulley mechanism, and the radar host are connected by a traction line and a data line.

[0064] In step 504, the electric pulley mechanism is attached to the borehole, allowing the antenna device to descend to the bottom of the borehole using the electric pulley mechanism.

[0065] In step 505, based on the difference between the lowering depth of the antenna device and the drilling depth, it is determined whether the antenna device has sunk to the preset bottom elevation of the hole.

[0066] In step 506, the operating software of the radar host is opened, the rotation speed parameters of the micro motor and the lifting speed parameters of the electric pulley mechanism are input according to the detection accuracy requirements, and the start button is pressed to start the borehole radar detection operation.

[0067] In step 507, the received reflected electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the radar host, and at the same time, the electromagnetic wave signal model around the borehole is displayed on the screen of the radar host.

[0068] For example, open the radar host's operating software, input the rotational speed parameters of the micro motor and the lifting speed parameters of the electric pulley mechanism according to the required detection accuracy, and then press the start button to begin borehole radar detection. At this time, the traction line uniformly lifts the antenna device inside the borehole, and the antenna device synchronously and uniformly rotates to scan for anomalies around the borehole. Next, the received reflected electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted to the radar host, and the screen displays an electromagnetic wave signal model around the borehole.

[0069] In step 508, the electromagnetic wave signal processing and analysis software built into the radar host is used to post-process the three-dimensional electromagnetic wave detection signal around the borehole, and obtain the real image after eliminating interference signals.

[0070] In step 509, the strength, amplitude, and travel time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signal are analyzed to determine the three-dimensional spatial distribution and external structure of the anomaly.

[0071] For example, using the electromagnetic signal processing and analysis software built into the radar host, the three-dimensional electromagnetic wave detection signals around the borehole are post-processed to eliminate interference signals and obtain a clearer image. The three-dimensional spatial distribution and shape of the anomaly are comprehensively determined by analyzing parameters such as the strength, amplitude, and travel time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signals. If the electromagnetic wave signal of the anomaly is not clear enough, a different frequency antenna device can be used for re-detection, or further refined detection can be performed at the corresponding location to obtain the specific spatial distribution and shape outline of the anomaly around the borehole.

[0072] The radar detection process is relatively mature and will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that the radar antenna device and its detection method of this invention have advantages such as simple and convenient operation, wide applicability, and compact and flexible design. Besides accurately detecting the distribution of anomalies around boreholes, it can also be further used for construction quality inspection of underground structures. The radar antenna device integrates numerous intelligent miniature sensors, which can simultaneously rotate to emit and collect electromagnetic wave signals in a fixed area, record and transmit information such as the radar rotation detection speed and the azimuth of the radar scanning window, facilitating subsequent 3D model construction.

[0073] In summary, this invention relates to an antenna device and its three-dimensional detection method for borehole radar directional detection. The device includes: a micro-motor, a rotating shaft, an outer shield, an outer transmission shield, a four-channel rotary joint, a rotation angle sensor, a receiving transducer, a transmitting transducer, an inner shield, an inner transmission window, and an electronic compass. The output shaft of the micro-motor is connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft, the four-channel rotary joint, the rotation angle sensor, the inner shield, and the electronic compass are sequentially coaxially connected. The receiving and transmitting transducers are disposed inside the inner shield. The inner transmission window is disposed on the side wall of the inner shield. The outer shield is disposed outside the micro-motor, the rotating shaft, the four-channel rotary joint, and the rotation angle sensor. The outer transmission shield is disposed outside the inner shield and the electronic compass. This invention enables precise radar signal transmission and reception, overcoming the technical shortcomings of traditional two-dimensional radar antennas' non-directional electromagnetic wave detection.

[0074] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0075] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0076] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna device for borehole radar directional detection, characterized in that, The device includes: a micro motor (1), a rotating shaft (2), an outer shell shield (3), an outer shell transmission shield (4), a four-channel rotary joint (5), a rotation angle sensor (6), a receiving transducer (7), a transmitting transducer (8), an inner shell shield (9), an inner shell transmission window (10), and an electronic compass (11). The output shaft of the micro motor (1) is connected to the rotating shaft (2). The rotating shaft (2), the four-channel rotary joint (5), the rotation angle sensor (6), the inner shell shield (9) and the electronic compass (11) are coaxially connected in sequence. The receiving transducer (7) and the transmitting transducer (8) are arranged inside the inner shell shield (9) so that the rotating shaft (2), the four-channel rotary joint (5), the rotation angle sensor (6), the receiving transducer (7), the transmitting transducer (8), the inner shell shield (9) and the electronic compass (11) rotate synchronously with the output shaft of the micro motor (1). The inner shell transmission window (10) is disposed on the side wall of the inner shell shield (9), wherein the inner shell transmission window (10) includes a first inner shell transmission window and a second inner shell transmission window. The receiving transducer (7) is located above the transmitting transducer (8), and the first inner shell transmission window is located above the second inner shell transmission window; The first inner shell transmission window corresponds to the receiving transducer (7) and is used to limit the direction of receiving electromagnetic wave signals by the receiving transducer (7); The second inner shell transmission window corresponds to the transmitting transducer (8) and is used to limit the direction of electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the transmitting transducer (8); The outer shell shield (3) is disposed outside the micro motor (1), the shaft (2), the four-channel rotary joint (5) and the rotation angle sensor (6), and the outer shell transmission shield (4) is disposed outside the inner shell shield (9) and the electronic compass (11). The outer shell shield (3) and the outer shell transmission shield (4) together constitute the outer shell of the antenna device.

2. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna device also includes: a traction line (12) and an electric pulley mechanism (13). The micro motor (1) is connected to the electric pulley mechanism (13) via the traction line (12) to ensure the energization and operation of the micro motor (1) and the data transmission between the antenna device and the electric pulley mechanism (13).

3. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electric pulley mechanism (13) is equipped with a lifting device inside, which is used to control the antenna device to move up and down inside the borehole.

4. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna device also includes: a data line (14) and a radar host (15). The electric pulley mechanism (13) is connected to the radar host (15) via the data line (14) and is used to transmit the data obtained from the antenna device to the radar host (15) located on the ground.

5. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna device also includes: a rubber protective pad (16). The number of the rubber protective pads (16) includes two, which are respectively set at the upper and lower ends of the antenna device to protect the antenna device from external collision and vibration interference when it moves up and down to perform detection operations.

6. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell shield (3) and the inner shell shield (9) are made of electromagnetic wave shielding material.

7. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell transmission shield (4) and the inner shell transmission window (10) are made of electromagnetic wave-transmitting material.

8. The antenna device for borehole radar directional detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening direction of the inner shell transmission window (10) is parallel to the direction of the electronic compass (11) so as to determine the specific horizontal orientation of the inner shell transmission window (10) in the borehole by means of the angle displayed by the electronic compass (11).

9. A three-dimensional detection method for an antenna device used in borehole radar directional detection, characterized in that, The method, applied to the antenna device according to any one of claims 1-8, comprises: Drilling and cleaning are carried out at the target location in the target site using drilling equipment to ensure that there is no mud or hole collapse in the borehole that would affect the up and down movement of the antenna device. If a hole collapse occurs within the drilled hole, the stability of the hole wall is protected by lowering a PVC sleeve, wherein the inner diameter of the PVC sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the antenna device. The antenna device, electric pulley mechanism, and radar host are connected by traction lines and data lines; The electric pulley mechanism is attached to the drill hole, allowing the antenna device to sink down to the bottom of the hole with the help of the electric pulley mechanism. Based on the difference between the lowering depth of the antenna device and the drilling depth, it is determined whether the antenna device has sunk to the preset bottom elevation of the hole; Open the radar host's operating software, input the rotation speed parameters of the micro motor and the lifting speed parameters of the electric pulley mechanism according to the detection accuracy requirements, and press the start button to start the borehole radar detection operation; The received reflected electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted to the radar host, and the electromagnetic wave signal model around the borehole is displayed on the screen of the radar host. Using the electromagnetic wave signal processing and analysis software built into the radar host, the three-dimensional electromagnetic wave detection signal around the borehole is post-processed to eliminate interference signals and obtain an image. By analyzing the strength, amplitude, and travel time of the reflected electromagnetic wave signal, the three-dimensional spatial distribution and external structure of the anomaly can be determined.

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