Wearable ECG and EDA with multi-lead and single-lead connections

Abstract

The health tracking device includes a plurality of electrodes for receiving biometric data from a user. The electrodes may receive input from the user and transmit information, such as electrical data related to heart or skin conductance, to measure one or more physical attributes. The electrodes may be arranged within a form factor provided by the health tracking device and also electrically isolated to provide independent data acquisition for the electrodes. The arrangement of the electrodes may be specifically selected to provide an ergonomic arrangement to enable the user to comfortably provide input data.

Description

Background Art

[0001] Wearable electronic devices have gained popularity among consumers. Wearable electronic devices may track a user's activity or biometric data using various sensors. The data captured from these sensors may be analyzed to provide the user with information such as an estimate of how far they have walked in a day, their heart rate, how much sleep they have had, etc. However, it may be challenging for a user to comfortably obtain every measurement using a wearable device, and as a result, the user may not fully utilize the capabilities of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] Various embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0003] Figure 1 An example of a user having a wearable device on an extremity according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0004] Figure 2 An example of a user interacting with a wearable device on an extremity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0005] Figures 3A to 3D A schematic top view of an embodiment of an electrode configuration of a wearable device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0006] Figures 4A to 4F A schematic top view of an embodiment of a user interacting with a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0007] Figure 5 An example user with a wearable device on an extremity is illustrated according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0008] Figure 6 An example of a user interacting with a wearable device on an extremity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0009] Figure 7 An example process for collecting data from a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0010] Figure 8 An example process for collecting data from a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0011] Fig. 9 A set of basic components of one or more devices of the present disclosure according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In the following description, various embodiments will be described. For the purpose of explanation, specific configurations and details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments can be practiced without the specific details. In addition, well-known features may be omitted or simplified in order not to confuse the described embodiments.

[0013] Systems and methods according to various embodiments of the present disclosure can overcome one or more of the above-mentioned and other deficiencies encountered in conventional approaches to wearable devices such as electronic health trackers. For example, in various embodiments, capabilities can be integrated into wearable devices to implement electrocardiograms (ECGs) and / or electrodermal activity (EDA). Wearable devices can utilize single-lead or multi-lead approaches to obtain ECG and / or EDA information. Single-lead and / or multi-lead can refer to multiple leads arranged on the face of a wearable device.

[0014] Typically, ECG measurements require conductive contact across the body (e.g., across the heart) in order to measure the electrical activity of the heart. As a result, two different devices and / or sensor arrangements are typically utilized, which may be uncomfortable for the user to wear continuously. In addition, attempts to incorporate these capabilities into the form factor of a wearable device such as a watch or fitness tracker may be challenging due to the small footprint and the need for shielding to include two separate leads. In addition, the relative size of the leads may affect the quality of the received signal. Embodiments of the present disclosure include functionality for ECG measurement incorporated into the form factor of a wearable device such as a watch. A first contact may be arranged at a bottom portion of the wearable device, which may be a portion that is in direct and / or continuous contact with an extremity of the user, such as a wrist. In other words, the first contact may be arranged on a portion of the wearable device facing the wrist or body of the user. A second contact may be arranged along a surface or frame of the wearable device, which may be close to a top portion of the wearable device (e.g., opposite to the first contact). Such an arrangement may, for example, enable a user to comfortably obtain an ECG measurement by placing an extremity along the top of the wearable device relative to the wearing position of the wearable device.

[0015] Embodiments of the present disclosure may include a single lead or multiple leads for obtaining ECG and / or EDA measurements. For example, a single lead may be incorporated into a bezel and / or screen of a wearable device. Additionally, in embodiments, multiple leads may also be incorporated into the bezel and / or screen. For example, different areas of the bezel may include different leads that may be isolated from adjacent leads. Additionally, electroplated electrodes and the like may be incorporated into various components of the wearable device to provide conductive contacts that may act as leads for obtaining various measurements.

[0016] In various embodiments, EDA measurements can be obtained using a user's finger, which can provide more accurate information than, for example, a user's arm or chest. In various embodiments, a single-lead or multi-lead portion of a wearable device can provide an area where a user can place their finger (or other body part), measure skin conductivity, and determine a value associated with the user's stress level associated with the sympathetic nervous system. As described above, the leads can be arranged to provide a comfortable, ergonomic position for the user. Therefore, if the user is comfortable during the measurement or the measurement is effortless for the user, the user is more likely to utilize the functionality of the wearable device.

[0017] Figure 1 An example is illustrated of a user 100 wearing a user monitoring device 102 about a wrist 104 of the user 100. The user monitoring device 102 may also be referred to as a wearable device or fitness tracker, and may also include a device worn about the chest, legs, head, or other body part, or a device to be clipped or otherwise attached to clothing worn by the user 100. The user monitoring device 102 may collectively or individually capture data related to any one or more of the following: caloric expenditure, floors climbed or descended, heart rate, heart rate variability, heart rate recovery, location and / or heading (e.g., via GPS), altitude, movement speed and / or distance traveled, number of laps swam, bicycle distance and / or speed, blood pressure, blood sugar, skin conductivity, skin and / or body temperature, electromyography data, electroencephalography data, weight, body fat, breathing rate and pattern, various body movements, and the like. Additional data may be provided from external sources, for example, a user may enter their height, weight, age, stride length, or other data in a user profile on a fitness tracking website or app, and such information may be used in conjunction with some of the above data to make certain assessments or determine user behavior, such as the user's distance traveled or calories burned. User monitoring devices may also measure or calculate metrics related to the user's surroundings, such as air pressure, weather conditions, lighting, noise exposure, and magnetic fields.

[0018] In some embodiments, user monitoring device 102 may be connected to the network directly or via an intermediate device. For example, user monitoring device 102 may be connected to the network via Bluetooth. The connection is connected to the intermediate device, and the intermediate device can be connected to the network via an Internet connection. In various embodiments, a user can be associated with a user account, and the user account can be associated with multiple different networked devices (i.e., logged into multiple different networked devices). In some embodiments, the additional device can provide any of the above data and other data, and / or receive data for various processing or analysis. The additional device can include a computer, a server, a handheld device, a temperature control device, or a vehicle, etc.

[0019] In the illustrated embodiment, the user monitoring device 102 may include a conductive base plate positioned against the wrist of the user 100 in the illustrated embodiment in which the user monitoring device 102 is worn on the wrist. The conductive base plate may be used as a first lead (e.g., a first electrode) for obtaining various measurement data, such as measurement data for ECG. In addition, in an embodiment, one or more additional conductive areas (e.g., leads, electrodes) may be integrated into other areas of the user monitoring device 102. The positions of the various additional leads may be specifically selected to achieve certain types of measurements (e.g., ECG, EDA, etc.) and / or provide an ergonomic position for the user 100 when collecting data. For example, it would be uncomfortable for the user to place their soles on the user monitoring device 102. However, it may be easy to place their other hand along the top of the user monitoring device 102, and as a result, the user 100 may be more likely to utilize the features of the user monitoring device 102.

[0020] Figure 1 A user monitoring device 102 is illustrated on a wrist 104 of a user's extremity 106, which is the user's left arm. During normal operation, the user 100 may swing their arm 106 while walking, or change the position of their arm 106 for various reasons, and as a result, it may be difficult to obtain various measurements, such as ECG or EDA, without including additional sensors or instructions for the user to follow. For example, an ECG measurement evaluates the electrical activity passing through the heart 108, and as a result, opposite extremities 110, 112 are utilized to obtain measurements. However, the user may wear two wearable devices, such as a second watch or wristband, which is uncomfortable, and therefore, the full functionality of the user monitoring device 102 may not be utilized. In addition, healthcare professionals may be frustrated because the user is unwilling to obtain the data required for diagnosing or treating a disease. Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to, for example, integrating various measurements in a user monitoring device 102 by incorporating one or more leads into the user monitoring device 102.

[0021] Figure 2 An example wearable device 200 is illustrated that can be utilized in accordance with various embodiments. In this example, the device is a smartwatch, but fitness trackers and other types of devices can also be utilized. Figure 1 The example device is shown as being worn on the user's wrist, but there may be other types of devices worn on or near other parts of the user's body, such as on a finger, in an ear, around the chest, etc. For many of these devices, there will be at least some amount of wireless connectivity enabling data transfer between the networked or computing device and the wearable device. This may take the form of: A connection that enables certain data to be synchronized between the user computing device and the wearable device; or, a cellular or Wi-Fi connection that enables data to be transmitted over at least one network, such as the Internet or a cellular network, and other such options.

[0022] As mentioned, there may be various other types of functionality provided by such wearable devices that may be related to the health of the person wearing the device. One such functionality is related to ECG. ECG is a process that can be used to determine and / or track a person's heart activity over a period of time. To obtain ECG data, conductive electrodes are typically brought into contact with the skin of the person to be monitored. Figure 2 In the example case of , a person wears the wearable device 200 on his or her arm 202 and can make one or more fingers 204 (or palms, etc.) contact the exposed electrodes of the device. In this example, the electrode is at least a portion of a conductive ring 206, which is a portion of a housing surrounding a display screen 208 of the wearable device, although other types and forms of electrodes may also be used within the scope of various different embodiments. In an embodiment, the housing may also be referred to as a frame that forms an outline around the display screen 208. The electrode may be connected to an ECG circuit that detects tiny changes in electrical charge on the skin that vary with the user's heartbeat. ECG data may be monitored over time to try to determine irregularities in the heartbeat that may indicate serious heart problems. Traditional ECG measurements are obtained by measuring the electrical potential of the heart over a period of time, which period of time typically corresponds to multiple cardiac cycles. By placing his or her fingers on the exposed electrodes for a minimum period of time, during which ECG measurements are taken, an application executed on the wearable device may collect and analyze ECG data and provide feedback to the user.

[0023] As mentioned, ECG measurements are taken across opposite extremities. Figure 2 , a first point along arm 202 (e.g., via a conductor on the underside of wearable device 200), and a second point at a finger 204 of the opposite arm contacting a conductor loop 206. As a result, the signal evaluates a circuit including the heart. Since the ECG is incorporated into wearable device 200, both electrodes forming a single lead ECG sensor are incorporated into a simple device, unlike conventional approaches that may utilize two or more separate sensors. In various embodiments, the electrodes are electrically isolated from the device to facilitate proper function.

[0024] The user's skin impedance may reduce the reliability of the data captured for the ECG measurement. As a result, it is desirable to reduce the skin impedance. Therefore, it is desirable to increase the contact surface area of ​​each electrode. For example, forming substantially the entire bottom surface of the wearable device 200 can increase the surface area in contact with the arm 202, while increasing the size of the conductive ring 206 can also reduce the skin impedance. In addition, as described above, in various embodiments, the second electrode can include one or more plated electrodes or other conductive elements integrated into the display screen 208, thereby increasing the conductive surface area of ​​the second electrode.

[0025] The wearable device shown includes a housing 210. The housing 210 can be a multi-component assembly such that the housing 210 is divided into a first component 212 and a second component 214. However, it should be understood that additional components may be present. In addition, in an embodiment, additional components may be utilized to form one or more components. For example, the conductive ring 206 may form a portion of the frame of the first component 212. The housing 210 may encapsulate one or more electronic components that may be utilized to collect and / or analyze data, as described herein. For example, the housing 210 may encapsulate appropriate circuits for ECG and / or EDA measurements.

[0026] In various embodiments, ergonomics and user comfort are emphasized in order to reduce the possibility of user error and / or encourage users to utilize the functionality of wearable device 200. For example, increasing the surface area of ​​the electrodes can prevent shorting across two electrodes because it will be easier for the user to identify the area associated with one of the two electrodes.

[0027] In addition, to further prevent user errors during electrical measurements, the position of the electrodes can be specifically selected to provide the user with comfort in maintaining a static posture. For example, measurement data can be acquired over a period of time such as 60 seconds or longer. Movement may interfere with the measurement, and therefore, the position of the electrodes can be selected so that the user can maintain position to acquire data. The specifically selected positions can be selected with user comfort in mind, as well as providing flexibility to enable the user to interact with the wearable device in a variety of ways. For example, different users may suffer from diseases that make it difficult to interact with the device (e.g., arthritis, carpal tunnel, amputation, etc.), so providing a variety of potential interaction methods provides a greater range of use for a wider user group.

[0028] As described above, embodiments of the present disclosure may include a system that includes at least two independent electrodes electrically isolated within a single device. For example, the first electrode may utilize the bottom surface area ( Figure 2200 ). The bottom surface area or a portion thereof may be in contact with the wrist 202. It will be appreciated that the bottom surface area may have one of the largest continuous surface areas of the wearable device 200, thereby achieving the above-mentioned goals of increasing the surface area and reducing the skin impedance. In various embodiments, the first electrode is formed of a conductive electrode material and may be electrically isolated from the rest of the device, for example, by incorporating an insulating material such as plastic into the wearable device 200. The second electrode may utilize a top surface area or a portion thereof of the wearable device 200. The area may be positioned so that the user can easily access the area and interact with the area intuitively. In various embodiments, the wearable device may include a display screen 208 that occupies most of the top surface area, because the user may prefer a large display. Therefore, the second electrode may be incorporated into a frame around the display screen 208, as shown in the conductive ring 206. However, it will be appreciated that in various embodiments, at least a portion of the display screen 208 may be utilized as a second electrode using a method that does not block the display, such as by coating the display screen 208 in a conductive material (e.g., indium tin oxide), a local extension of the sensor to not block the display, and the like. In addition, in various embodiments, the screen 208 can be omitted from the wearable device 200. As a result, the top surface can be substantially the same as the bottom surface. It should be understood that the second electrode can further include two separate, electrically isolated electrodes. For example, in various embodiments, a portion of the metal ring 206 can be segmented and isolated from different portions of the ring.

[0029] As described above, embodiments of the present disclosure can go beyond configurations including a single top electrode and a single bottom electrode to include multiple leads along the wearable device (e.g., more than one lead at the top, more than one lead at the bottom, more than one lead at both the top and the bottom). As described below, adding electrodes to the top of the wearable device 200 increases the number of ECGs and provides additional wearer configurations to obtain measurement information. For example, a configuration including two electrodes along the top of the wearable device enables information to be acquired at multiple different locations, such as right arm to left leg and left arm to left leg, as well as enhanced limb leads (e.g., aVR, aVL, and aVF). These additional leads can enable screening for a wider range of non-rhythm-based conditions, and, as an example, can work ergonomically by a user holding the top of the device with both thumbs and pressing the bottom of the device into their legs.

[0030] While a single-lead ECG can provide accurate information about beat timing (also called RR intervals), which is sufficient to diagnose many arrhythmias, multiple leads can provide additional information to more accurately diagnose conditions that rely on ECG morphology (shape). For example, sinus tachycardia is a regular heart rhythm that is faster than normal and can be diagnosed from a single lead. Several conditions may cause electrical axis deviation or abnormal R wave amplitude, which are best observed using multiple leads. The embodiments described herein may also use a multi-lead ECG to examine other morphologies, such as ST elevation or depression. In addition, as described above, including at least two sensors at the top may also enable EDA measurements.

[0031] As described, embodiments of the present disclosure enable multiple different user configurations to obtain measurements using two or more leads, such as for ECG or EDA. EDA is a measurement of skin resistance or conductance that reflects sympathetic nerve activation in the secretory activity of sweat glands. It has been used in psychological research to understand autonomic nervous system activity and identify acute stress events caused by physical, mental or cognitive stimulation. Skin conductivity / resistance can be measured by injecting a small current between two electrodes in contact with the skin. In many instances, EDA is measured on the fingers, palms, or feet. However, in some embodiments, wrist measurements may also be utilized for EDA. With a configuration having two electrodes on the top surface of the wearable device, EDA measurements can be obtained from the user in a simple, compact and comfortable form factor.

[0032] Figures 3A-3D is a schematic top plan view of an example 300 of a top surface 302 of a wearable device 200. In the illustrated embodiment, the top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206 and a display screen 208. As described above, the conductive ring 206 can form at least a portion of a bezel around the display screen 208, and in various embodiments, can be segmented into different portions to include one or more electrodes. Figure 3A The example 300 of FIG. 1 illustrates a multi-electrode configuration in which the conductive ring 206 includes a first electrode 304 and a second electrode 306. The illustrated first and second electrodes 304, 306 are separated from each other by a spacer 308, which can be any electrically isolating, non-conductive material, such as plastic. As a result, a user can engage the first and second electrodes 304, 306, respectively, to obtain a variety of different measurements. For example, in a configuration having first and second electrodes 304, 306 Figure 3A In the configuration shown, a user can place a finger of the left hand on the first electrode 304 and a finger of the right hand on the second electrode 306 to obtain an ECG measurement, as the circuit will be completed while passing through the user's chest. Additional configurations are possible and are described in more detail herein.

[0033] Figure 3BThe first and second electrodes 304, 306 are shown arranged on different portions of the conductive ring 206. For example, when compared with a device having first and second electrodes 304, 306 along sides 310, 312, Figure 3A The illustrated embodiment includes first and second electrodes 304, 306 along the top and bottom 314, 316 when compared to the configuration of FIG. 2. It should be understood that these locations are for illustration purposes only and that the electrodes may also be placed at the corners or any other location around the conductive ring 206. Additionally, although Figure 3A and 3B A substantially symmetrical conductive ring 206 is illustrated, but it should be understood that the electrodes 304, 306 may be arranged in any desired position and not necessarily symmetrically. In addition, the electrodes 304, 306 may have different sizes.

[0034] Figure 3C The example 300 includes four different electrodes positioned along the conductive ring 206. It should be understood that four electrodes are included for illustration purposes only, and there may be three, five, six, or any reasonable number of electrodes. In the illustrated embodiment, the first electrode 304 is arranged along the top 314, the second electrode 306 is arranged along the side 310, the third electrode 318 is arranged along the bottom 316, and the fourth electrode 320 is arranged along the side 312. Each electrode is isolated from an adjacent electrode by a respective spacer 308, which, as described above, is formed of a non-conductive isolation material. Therefore, in various embodiments, different numbers of electrodes in various configurations may be utilized.

[0035] exist Figure 3D In the illustrated embodiment, the wearable device 200 includes a conductive ring 206, which includes a first electrode 304. In other words, the first electrode 304 is a substantially continuous electrode formed within the conductive ring 206. In addition, as described above, the display screen 208 includes a second electrode 306 in the form of a conductive film or coating. In various embodiments, a spacer 308 is located between the bezel and the display screen 208 to electrically isolate the electrodes from each other. However, it should be understood that in embodiments where the conductive ring 206 acts as a single electrode, the display screen 208 may not be an electrode. Similarly, in embodiments where the display screen 208 is an electrode, the bezel may not be an electrode.

[0036] It should be understood that while various embodiments may describe the electrodes as being incorporated into the bezel, the conductive portion may also be a coating or film, as described above. For example, a portion of the screen 208 may be coated with a conductive material and used as an electrode. In addition, other isolating materials may also be incorporated to achieve any reasonable number of different electrodes on the top surface 302. It should be understood that the form factor of the wearable device 200, among other factors, may at least partially guide the ultimate location of the electrodes, as it is desirable to position the electrodes in a manner that the user will comfortably use the wearable device 200. Additionally, the size of the electrodes and spacers may be specifically selected based at least in part on the relative size of the wearable device 200.

[0037] Figures 4A-4F 2 is a schematic top plan view of an example 400 of a user's body configuration that can be utilized to obtain measurements (such as ECG or EDA measurements) from a wearable device. In the illustrated embodiment, the conductive ring 206 is located around the display screen 208. It should be understood that the conductive ring 206 may include one or more electrodes, such as Figures 3A-3D In addition, the display screen 208 may also include electrodes, such as Figure 3D For ease of discussion below, the conductive ring 206 will be described as including a single electrode, but such discussion is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that similar configurations may also be utilized in embodiments having two or more electrodes integrated into the top surface 302 of the wearable device 200.

[0038] Figure 4A The example 400 includes a wearable device 200 arranged along an arm 202 of a user. For ease of explanation, the arm 202 will be described as a left arm, but the right arm is also applicable. In addition, the arm 202 is used as an example, and the wearable device 200 can be positioned along the user's ankle or other extremity. The top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206, which can be referred to as a first electrode 304. The second electrode 306 in the illustrated embodiment is on the bottom surface of the wearable device 200 and contacts the arm 202. Thereafter, the user can obtain measurement information such as measurement information for an ECG by placing the palm or wrist 402 of their opposing arm on the top surface 302 to engage the first electrode 304. The illustrated embodiment includes a palm 402 having a patterned translucent configuration so as to display the top surface 302 beneath the palm 402. As described above, due to the large surface area available for contact by the conductive ring 206, Figure 4A The configuration may be comfortable for the user. The user may simply place their hand over the device, which is less invasive than other methods. Furthermore, since movement may be detrimental to obtaining measurements, the configuration shown is ergonomically comfortable for the user, so the user may maintain this position for a period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) to enable data collection.

[0039] Figure 4B Example 400 includes a wearable device 200 arranged along an arm 202 of a user (in this example, the left arm). The top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206, which may be referred to as a first electrode 304. The second electrode 306 in the illustrated embodiment is on the bottom surface of the wearable device 200 and in contact with the arm 202. Thereafter, the user can obtain measurement information, such as measurement information for an ECG or EDA, by placing two fingers 204 along the conductive ring 206. This configuration may be described as a "U" or "pinch" grip. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the fingers 204 may be arranged along the sides 310, 312, and the positioning along the top 314 and bottom 316 is for illustration purposes only. The illustrated embodiment includes a finger 204 having a patterned translucent configuration so as to display the top surface 302 beneath the finger 204. As described above, due to the large surface area available for contact by the conductive ring 206, Figure 4B The configuration may be comfortable for the user. The user can simply place their hand on the device and align their finger with the conductive ring 206, which is less invasive than other methods. In addition, due to the movement mentioned herein, the configuration shown is ergonomically comfortable for the user because it provides the user with options for how to place their finger along the conductive ring, and therefore, the user can maintain this position for a period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) to enable data collection.

[0040] Figure 4C Example 400 includes a wearable device 200 arranged along a user's arm 202 (in this example, the left arm). The top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206, which may be referred to as a first electrode 304. The second electrode 306 in the illustrated embodiment is on the bottom surface of the wearable device 200 and in contact with the arm 202. Thereafter, the user can obtain measurement information such as measurement information for ECG or EDA by placing a finger 204 along the conductive ring 206. It should be understood that the finger 204 placed along the side 312 is for illustrative purposes only, and in other embodiments, the finger 204 may be arranged along the side 310, top 314, and / or bottom 316. The illustrated embodiment includes a finger 204 having a patterned translucent configuration so as to display the top surface 302 beneath the finger 204. As described above, due to the large surface area available for contact by the conductive ring 206, Figure 4CThe configuration may be comfortable for the user. The user can simply place their hand on the device and align their finger with the conductive ring 206, which is less invasive than other methods. In addition, due to the movement mentioned here, the configuration shown is ergonomically comfortable for the user because it provides the user with options for how to place their finger along the conductive ring, and therefore, the user can maintain this position for a period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) to enable data collection.

[0041] The example 400 of Figure 4 includes a wearable device 200 arranged along an arm 202 of a user (in this example, the left arm). The top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206, which may be referred to as a first electrode 304. The second electrode 306 in the illustrated embodiment is on the bottom surface of the wearable device 200 and in contact with the arm 202. Thereafter, the user can obtain measurement information, such as measurement information for an ECG or EDA, by placing a leg 404 along the conductive ring 206. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the user can lift their right leg and place it on the conductive ring 206. Such an arrangement will provide measurements across the chest and also improve comfort because the user can sit cross-legged and place the wearable device 200 under their legs. The illustrated embodiment includes the leg 404 having a patterned translucent configuration so as to display the top surface 302 beneath the leg 404. As described above, due to the large surface area available for contact by the conductive ring 206, Figure 4D The configuration may be comfortable for the user. The user may simply rest their legs on the device, such as while sitting, which is less invasive than other methods. Furthermore, due to the movement considerations mentioned herein, the configuration shown is ergonomically comfortable for the user because it provides the user with options for how to position their legs along the conductive loop, and therefore, the user may maintain this position for a period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) to enable data collection.

[0042] Figure 4EThe example 400 includes a wearable device 200 arranged along a user's leg 404 (in this example, the left leg). The top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206, which may be referred to as a first electrode 304. The second electrode 306 in the illustrated embodiment is on the bottom surface of the wearable device 200 and in contact with the leg 404. Thereafter, the user can obtain measurement information such as measurement information for an ECG or EDA by placing the palm 402 along the conductive ring 206. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the user can position their right arm toward the conductive ring 206 and place their hand on the palm of the conductive ring 206. Such an arrangement will provide measurements across the chest and also improve comfort because the user can sit cross-legged and place the wearable device 200 under their hand. The illustrated embodiment includes a palm 402 having a patterned translucent configuration so as to display the top surface 302 beneath the palm 402. As described above, due to the large surface area available for contact by the conductive ring 206, Figure 4E The configuration may be comfortable for the user. The user can simply place their hand on the device while sitting comfortably. In addition, due to the movement mentioned herein, the configuration shown is ergonomically comfortable for the user because it provides the user with options for how to position their leg and then contact the conductive ring with the other hand, so that the user can maintain this position for a period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) to enable data to be collected.

[0043] Figure 4F The example 400 of FIG. 4 includes a wearable device 200 arranged along a user's leg 404 (in this example, the left leg). The top surface 302 includes a conductive ring 206, which can be referred to as a first electrode 304. The second electrode 306 in the illustrated embodiment is on the bottom surface of the wearable device 200 and is in contact with the leg 404. Figure 4F The third electrode 318 also arranged along the top surface 302 is further shown in the embodiment of. As described above, the third electrode 318 can be electrically isolated from the first electrode 304 and the second electrode 306. Thereafter, the user can obtain measurement information such as for ECG or EDA by placing the finger 204 along the first and third electrodes 304, 318 and keeping the second electrode 306 on the leg 404. In this way, the user can take advantage of the functionality of the device without actually wearing the device, because the user can retrieve the wearable device and take measurements without fixing the wearable device to the extremity. This may be advantageous for users who do not want to wear the device but want to obtain the benefits provided by the measurement. In addition, the configuration is still comfortable for the user, so the user can maintain the position for a period of time (e.g., a predetermined period of time) to enable data collection.

[0044] Figure 5is a schematic diagram of a person 500 illustrating possible locations for obtaining measurement data using a wearable device. In various embodiments, the wearable device includes two electrodes along a top surface and one electrode along a bottom surface, however, it should be understood that there may be more or fewer electrodes on the top and bottom surfaces. In the illustrated embodiment, potential contact points are generalized so that the location at the wrist reflects the arm, the location at the hand reflects the palm and / or fingers, and the location at the leg reflects the entire leg. In the illustrated embodiment, location 502 corresponds to the right arm, location 504 corresponds to the left arm, location 506 corresponds to the right hand, location 508 corresponds to the left hand, location 510 corresponds to the right leg, and location 512 corresponds to the left leg.

[0045] In various embodiments, one or more locations and wearable devices may be utilized to obtain different shoulder measurements. For example, the following table illustrates potential shoulder measurement configurations. It should be understood that this table is a non-limiting example and other configurations may be utilized. Figures 4A-4E Other options for making contact are shown, such that the point of contact between the right arm and the left hand may include the palm of the left hand, the fingers of the left hand, or other possible configurations.

[0046] Wearable device location / touch points Cross-body contact Right arm(502) Left arm(504) Right arm(502) Left hand (508) Right arm(502) Left leg(512) Left arm(504) Right arm(502) Left arm(504) Right hand(506) Left arm(504) Right leg(510) Right hand(502) Left arm(504) Right hand(502) Left hand (508) Right hand(502) Left leg(512) Left hand (508) Right arm(502) Left hand (508) Right hand(506) Left hand (508) Right leg(510) Right leg(510) Left arm(504) Right leg(510) Left hand (508) Right leg(510) Left leg(512) Left leg(512) Right arm(502) Left leg(512) Right hand(506) Left leg(512) Right leg(510)

[0047] It should be understood that this example is for illustration purposes only, and the wearable device may also be positioned in other locations, such as the neck, vicinity, face, scalp, and various other locations. In addition, as described above, embodiments utilizing additional electrodes similarly have additional potential configurations.

[0048] Figure 6600 is a schematic top view of an example 600 EDA data acquisition event, wherein a wearable device 200 is arranged along an arm 202. The wearable device 200 shown includes a first electrode 304 and a second electrode 306 separated by a spacer 308. In operation, a user contacts a first finger 602 with the first electrode 304 and contacts a second finger 604 with the second electrode 306. A current is introduced between the first electrode and the second electrode 306 to measure the conductivity of the skin. As a result, the wearable device 200 can be used to obtain EDA-related measurements of the user. For example, the magnitude of conductance may be greater when a person sweats, indicating a certain type of stress level. In various embodiments, the display 208 may include instructions for the user to follow, such as instructions describing where to position the fingers 602, 604 and / or how long to keep the fingers 602, 604 in place, and other instructions. The inclusion of a multi-electrode top surface enables the EDA to be incorporated into the form factor provided by the wearable device while still remaining comfortable. As a result, the user can obtain additional information to determine the stress level. In various embodiments, elevated stress levels may be monitored and paired with an app from a provider, such as breathing exercises or mediation exercises to reduce stress levels.

[0049] It should be understood that although the illustrated embodiment describes the use of fingers 602, 604, in various embodiments, the bottom side of the wearable device may be utilized to obtain EDA measurements from the user's arm. For example, in an embodiment, the bottom side may include two or more electrodes.

[0050] Figure 7 is a flow chart of an example process 700 for obtaining physical measurements from a user of a wearable device. It should be understood that for any process discussed herein, there may be additional, fewer, or alternative steps performed in a similar or alternative order or in parallel within the scope of various embodiments. In this example, a first input is received from a first electrode (702). The first electrode may be formed in the wearable device and the input may be the result of a user engaging the first electrode. As described, the user may contact the first electrode with an extremity such as their wrist, leg, hand, etc. In various embodiments, a sufficiently long period of contact with the first electrode may be considered sufficient to generate an input. For example, a momentary, accidental contact may not provide enough information to be considered an input, while a longer, intentional contact may be sufficient.

[0051] The method also includes receiving a second input from a second electrode (704). In various embodiments, the second electrode is different from the first electrode and is electrically isolated from the first electrode. For example, as described above, an electrically insulating spacer can be arranged between the electrodes. In various embodiments, the second input can come from a user's extremity located on the side of the body opposite to the extremity used for the first input. For example, if the first input comes from the left arm, the second input may come from the right arm. As described herein, such cross-body information may be useful for ECG measurements and other measurements.

[0052] In various embodiments, a determination is made that a predetermined time threshold is met (706). The time threshold may correspond to the time when input data is received from the first electrode and the second electrode. For example, when determining an ECG measurement, the user may need to provide information (e.g., by contact with the electrodes) within a predetermined time period to obtain a satisfactory amount of data. If the time period is not met, no determination may be made and the wearable device including the first electrode and the second electrode may provide a notification to the user. However, when the time threshold is met, at least one physical attribute of the user is determined (708). As an example, the physical attribute may be an ECG measurement that assesses the electrical activity of the heart. In addition, the attribute may be an EDA measurement. In this way, the user can provide information for ECG and / or EDA measurements and other measurements using a single wearable device with a comfortable form factor.

[0053] Figure 8 800 is a flow chart of an example process for obtaining physical measurements from a user of a wearable device. In this example, the wearable device determines a first contact point between a first electrode and an input source (802). For example, the first contact point can be an extremity of the user, such as a wrist, that contacts the first electrode. As described, in various embodiments, the first contact point can be on the underside or bottom side of the wearable device, so that wearing the device contacts the first electrode with the user. However, it should be understood that in various embodiments, the first contact point can be engaged by a leg, a finger, or any other part of the user. The wearable device determines whether the first contact point is sufficient (804). For example, movement may interfere with data collection, so the user's constant movement may prevent data collection. In addition, there may be interference, such as a piece of clothing, which may also hinder data collection. If the contact is insufficient, instructions for adjusting the first contact point are displayed (806). For example, the display screen 208 may include a message. It should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to displaying instructions, and instructions can also be conveyed through auditory prompts, tactile feedback, etc.

[0054] In various embodiments, instructions are also displayed for the user to engage the second electrode with the second input source (808). As described above, the instructions can be displayed on the display screen 208, and in addition or alternatively can also include auditory instructions, tactile instructions, etc. In various embodiments, the instructions can include a graphic to illustrate the position of the second electrode relative to the wearable device. For example, if the second electrode is along the top surface, the instructions may convey this information (e.g., "Place your hand or wristacross the top face."). The wearable device then determines a second contact point between the second electrode and the second input source (810). As described above, the second input source can be an extremity different from the extremity used to make the first connection. However, in other embodiments, such as when obtaining an EDA measurement, the second input source can also be the same extremity. The wearable device determines whether the second contact point is sufficient (812). If the contact point is insufficient, such as due to interference, movement, etc., an instruction to adjust the first contact point is displayed (814). For example, the display screen 208 can include a message, an auditory instruction, a tactile instruction, or a combination thereof.

[0055] Once the contact is established, instructions (816) for maintaining the contact can be displayed. As described above, the instructions can also be accompanied by or replaced by auditory instructions, tactile instructions, etc. For example, if the user covers the top surface, displaying written instructions on the display screen 208 may not provide information to the user. Therefore, auditory instructions can be provided. In addition, in an embodiment, the wearable device can communicate with a consumer device that can receive messages and display messages to the user. Data (818) can be acquired via the first and second electrodes. For example, the data may include EDA measurements, ECG measurements, or any other reasonable measurement data. For certain types of measurements, data acquisition may have a threshold time period or an expected time period. As a result, the completion of data collection can be evaluated (820) and if it is not completed, it can continue and display instructions (822) when completed. Therefore, the wearable device can be utilized to acquire data using at least two electrodes, both of which are incorporated into the wearable device.

[0056] Fig. 9A collection 900 of basic components of one or more devices of the present disclosure according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. In this example, the device includes at least one processor 902 for executing instructions that may be stored in a memory device or element 904. As will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, the device may include many types of memory, data storage, or computer-readable media, such as a first data storage for program instructions executed by at least one processor 902, the same or separate storage may be used for images or data, removable storage may be used to share information with other devices, and any number of communication methods may be used to share with other devices. The device may include at least one type of output device 906, such as a touch screen, electronic ink (e-ink), organic light emitting diode (OLED), or liquid crystal display (LCD), although devices such as servers may communicate information via other means, such as systems through lights and data transmission. The device will typically include one or more networking devices 908, such as ports, network interface cards, or wireless transceivers, that enable communication over at least one network. The device may include at least one input device 910 capable of receiving conventional input from a user. Such conventional inputs may include, for example, buttons, touch pads, touch screens, rollers, joysticks, keyboards, mice, trackballs, keypads, or any other such devices or elements by which a user may input commands to the device. In some embodiments, these I / O devices may even be connected via wireless infrared or Bluetooth or other links. However, in some embodiments, such devices may not include any buttons at all and may be controlled only by a combination of visual and audio commands so that the user can control the device without having to contact the device.

[0057] As discussed, different methods can be implemented in various environments according to the described embodiments. It will be understood that although the web-based environment is used for explanation purposes in several examples presented here, different environments can be used appropriately to implement various embodiments. The system includes an electronic client device, which can include any appropriate device that can be operated to send and receive requests, messages or information through an appropriate network and transmit the information back to the user of the device. Examples of such client devices include personal computers, mobile phones, handheld messaging devices, laptops, set-top boxes, personal digital assistants, e-book readers, etc. The network can include any appropriate network, including an intranet, the Internet, a cellular network, a local area network, or any other such network or a combination thereof. The components used for such systems can depend at least in part on the type of network and / or environment selected. The protocols and components used to communicate via such a network are well known and will not be discussed in detail herein. Communication on the network can be achieved through wired or wireless connections and combinations thereof. In this example, the network includes the Internet because the environment includes a Web server for receiving requests and providing content in response thereto, although for other networks, alternative devices serving similar purposes can be used, which is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art below.

[0058] The illustrative environment includes at least one application server and a data store. It should be understood that there may be several application servers, layers, or other elements, processes, or components, which may be linked or otherwise configured, which may interact to perform tasks, such as obtaining data from an appropriate data store. As used herein, the term "data store" refers to any device or combination of devices capable of storing, accessing, and retrieving data, which may include any combination and number of data servers, databases, data storage devices, and data storage media in any standard, distributed, or clustered environment. The application server may include any appropriate hardware and software for integrating with the data store as needed to execute various aspects of one or more applications of the client device and handle most of the data access and business logic of the application.

[0059] The application server cooperates with the data storage to provide access control services, and is capable of generating content such as text, graphics, audio and / or video to be transmitted to the user, which can be served to the user through the Web server in the form of HTML, XML or other appropriate structured languages ​​in this example. All requests and responses are handled and the content delivery between the client device and the application server can be handled by the Web server. It should be understood that the network and application server are not necessary and are only example components, because the structured code discussed in this article can be executed on any appropriate device or host discussed elsewhere in this article. The data storage may include several separate data tables, databases or other data storage mechanisms and media for storing data related to specific aspects. For example, the data storage shown includes a mechanism for storing content (e.g., production data) and user information, which can be used to provide content for the production end. The data storage is also shown as including a mechanism for storing logs or session data. It should be understood that there may be many other aspects that may need to be stored in the data storage, such as page image information and access rights information, which can be appropriately stored in any of the mechanisms listed above, or stored in additional mechanisms in the data storage. The data storage can receive instructions from the application server and respond to it through logical operations associated with it, obtain, update or otherwise process data. In one example, a user may submit a search request for a particular type of item. In this case, the data store may access user information to verify the user's identity and may access catalog details to obtain information about that type of item. The information may then be returned to the user, such as in a results list on a web page that the user can view via a browser on the user's device. Information about a particular item of interest may be viewed in a dedicated page or window in the browser.

[0060] Each server will typically include an operating system that provides executable program instructions for the general management and operation of the server, and each server will typically include a computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor of the server, allow the server to perform its intended functions. Suitable implementations of the operating system and general functionality of the servers are known or commercially available and are readily implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art, particularly in light of the disclosure herein.

[0061] The environment in one embodiment is a distributed computing environment that utilizes several computer systems and components interconnected using one or more computer networks or direct connections via communication links. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that such a system can operate equally well in a system having fewer or more components than shown. Therefore, the description of the system herein should be considered illustrative in nature and not limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0062] Various embodiments may further be implemented in a variety of operating environments, which in some cases may include one or more user computers or computing devices that can be used to operate any of a number of applications. User or client devices may include: any of a variety of general-purpose personal computers, such as desktops or laptops running standard operating systems; and cellular, wireless, and handheld devices running mobile software and capable of supporting a variety of network and messaging protocols. Devices capable of generating events or requests may also include wearable computers (e.g., smart watches or glasses), VR headsets, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, voice command recognition systems, and the like. Such systems may also include multiple workstations running any of a variety of commercially available operating systems and other known applications for purposes such as development and database management. These devices may also include other electronic devices, such as virtual terminals, thin clients, gaming systems, and other devices capable of communicating over a network.

[0063] Most embodiments utilize at least one network familiar to those skilled in the art to support communications using any of a variety of commercially available protocols such as TCP / IP, FTP, UPnP, NFS, and CIFS. The network can be, for example, a local area network, a wide area network, a virtual private network, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a public switched telephone network, an infrared network, a wireless network, and any combination thereof.

[0064] In embodiments utilizing a Web server, the Web server may run any of a variety of server or middle-tier applications, including HTTP servers, FTP servers, CGI servers, data servers, Java servers, and business application servers. The server may also be capable of executing programs or scripts, such as by executing one or more Web applications in response to requests from a user device, which may be implemented as a web application such as a web server. One or more scripts or programs written in any programming language such as C, C# or C++ or any scripting language such as Perl, Python or TCL and any combination thereof. The server may also include a database server, including but not limited to databases that can be accessed from and Purchased database servers as well as open source servers such as MySQL, Postgres, SQLite, MongoDB, and any other server capable of storing, retrieving, and accessing structured or unstructured data. The database servers may include table-based servers, document-based servers, unstructured servers, relational servers, non-relational servers, or a combination of these and / or other database servers.

[0065] Environment can include various data storage and other memory and storage media as described above. These can reside in various locations, such as one or more computers locally (and / or reside therein) or away from the storage media of any or all computers on the network. In a specific set of embodiments, information can reside in a storage area network (SAN) familiar to those skilled in the art. Similarly, any necessary files for performing functions belonging to computers, servers or other network devices can be appropriately stored locally and / or remotely. In the case where the system includes a computerized device, each such device can include hardware elements that can be electrically coupled via a bus, and these elements include, for example, at least one central processing unit (CPU), at least one input device (e.g., mouse, keyboard, controller, touch-sensitive display element or keypad) and at least one output device (e.g., display device, printer or speaker). Such a system can also include one or more storage devices, such as disk drives, optical storage devices and solid-state storage devices--such as random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM)--and removable media devices, memory cards, flash memory cards, etc.

[0066] Such devices may also include a computer-readable storage medium reader, a communication device (e.g., a modem, a network card (wireless or wired), an infrared communication device), and a working memory, as described above. The computer-readable storage medium reader may be connected or configured to receive computer-readable storage media representing remote, local, fixed and / or removable storage devices and storage media for temporarily and / or more permanently containing, storing, transmitting and retrieving computer-readable information. The system and various devices will typically also include a plurality of software applications, modules, services or other elements located within at least one working memory device, including an operating system and application programs, such as a client application or a web browser. It should be understood that alternative embodiments may have many variations that are different from the above-described embodiments. For example, customized hardware may also be used and / or specific elements may be implemented in hardware, software (including portable software, such as applets), or both. In addition, connections to other computing devices such as network input / output devices may be employed.

[0067] Storage media and other non-transitory computer-readable media for containing code or portions of code may include any suitable media known or used in the art, such as, but not limited to, volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, including RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other storage technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by system devices. Based on the disclosure and teachings provided herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand other ways and / or methods of implementing various embodiments.

[0068] Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they are presented only in an exemplary manner, rather than in a limiting manner. Similarly, various figures may depict the example architecture or other configurations of the present disclosure, which is done to help understand the features and functions that may be included in the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the example architectures or configurations shown, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. In addition, although the present disclosure is described above according to various exemplary embodiments and implementations, it should be understood that the various features and functions described in one or more separate embodiments are not limited to the specific embodiments in which they are described in their applicability. On the contrary, they can be applied to one or more of the other embodiments of the present disclosure alone or in some combination, whether or not these embodiments are described, and whether or not these features are presented as a part of the described embodiments. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, all words (including technical and scientific words) shall be given their ordinary and customary meanings to those of ordinary skill in the art and shall not be limited to special or customary meanings unless expressly so defined herein. It should be noted that the use of a particular term in describing certain features or aspects of the present disclosure should not be taken as implying that the term is redefined herein to include any particular characteristics of the feature or aspect of the present disclosure with which the term is associated. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the words and phrases used in this application and its variants, especially in the appended claims, should be interpreted as open ended and not restrictive. As an example of the foregoing, the word "including" should be understood as "including but not limited to", "including but not limited to", etc.; the word "including" as used herein is synonymous with "including", "comprising" or "characterized by", is inclusive or open-ended, and does not exclude additional, unlisted elements or method steps; the word "having" should be interpreted as "having at least"; the word "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to;" the word "example" is used to provide illustrative examples of the items discussed, rather than an exhaustive or limiting list thereof; adjectives such as "known", "normal", "standard" and words of similar meaning should not be interpreted as limiting the items described to items available in a given time period or at a given time, but should be understood to include known, normal or standard technologies that may be available or known at any time now or in the future; and the use of words such as "preferred", "preferred", "expected" or "desired" and words of similar meaning should not be understood to imply that certain features are essential, necessary or even important to the structure or function of the invention, but are merely intended to highlight alternative or additional features that may or may not be used in a particular embodiment of the invention. Likewise, a group of items linked with the conjunction "and" should not be read as requiring that each and every one of those items be present in the grouping, but rather should be read as "and / or" unless expressly stated otherwise. Likewise, a group of items linked with the conjunction "or" should not be read as requiring that the grouping be mutually exclusive, but rather should be read as "and / or" unless expressly stated otherwise.

[0070] Where a range of values ​​is provided, it is understood that the upper and lower limits of that range and every intervening value therebetween is encompassed within the embodiments.

[0071] With regard to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those skilled in the art may convert from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as appropriate for the context and / or application. For the sake of clarity, various singular / plural arrangements may be explicitly set forth herein. The indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude pluralities. A single processor or other unit may implement the functions of several items listed in a claim. The fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims should not be interpreted as limiting the scope.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will further understand that if a specific number of claim references are intended to be introduced, that intention will be explicitly referenced in the claim, and that intention will not exist in the absence of that reference. For example, to aid understanding, the appended claims may contain the use of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim references. However, the use of such phrases should not be interpreted as implying that a claim reference introduced by the indefinite article "a" or "an" will limit any particular claim containing such introduced claim reference to an embodiment containing only one such reference, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and an indefinite article, such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and / or "an" should generally be interpreted as meaning "at least one" or "one or more"); the same applies to the use of definite articles used to introduce claim references. In addition, even if a specific number of introduced claim references is explicitly referenced, those skilled in the art will recognize that such references should generally be interpreted as at least indicating the number of references (e.g., a simple reference of "two references", without other modifiers, generally means at least two references, or two or more references). In addition, in those cases where phrases similar to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." are used, generally speaking, such construction is intended to be in the sense that one skilled in the art would understand the phrase (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but is not limited to systems having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those cases where phrases similar to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." are used, generally speaking, such construction is intended to be in the sense that one skilled in the art would understand the phrase (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include but is not limited to systems having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc.). Those skilled in the art will further understand that any disjunctive words and / or phrases that actually present two or more alternative terms, whether in the specification, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibility of including one, either, or both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B."

[0073] All numbers used in the specification indicating the amount of ingredients, reaction conditions, etc. should be understood to be modified by the word "about" in all instances. Therefore, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters listed here are approximate values, which can vary depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained. At least, rather than attempting to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of any claim in any application claiming priority to this application, each numerical parameter should be interpreted based on the number of significant digits and ordinary rounding methods.

[0074] All features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying displays, claims, abstracts and drawings) and / or all steps of any method or process so disclosed may be combined in any combination, except where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive combinations. The disclosure is not limited to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The disclosure extends to any novel one or any novel combination of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings), or to any novel one or any novel combination of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

[0075] Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein. Certain embodiments of the disclosure are included in the set of claims listed or proposed in the future.

Claims

1. A method of acquiring data for at least one biometric measurement, comprising: determining a first contact point formed between a first electrode of a wearable device and a first input source of a user wearing the wearable device, the first electrode being positioned within a form factor of the wearable device; determining whether the first touch point exceeds a first threshold, the first threshold indicating a first quality of data received from the first touch point; In response to determining that the first touch point does not exceed the first threshold, providing instructions to the user to adjust the first touch point; providing instructions to the user to engage a second electrode with a second input source of the user, the second electrode being positioned within the form factor of the wearable device; determining whether a second contact formed between the second electrode and the second input source exceeds a second threshold, the second threshold indicating a second quality of data received from the second contact; In response to determining that the second touch point does not exceed the second threshold, providing instructions to the user to adjust the second touch point; In response to determining that the first touch point exceeds the first threshold and the second touch point exceeds the second threshold, providing instructions to maintain the first touch point and the second touch point; as well as Data for the at least one biometric measurement is acquired from the first contact point and the second contact point.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining that the data collection exceeds a predetermined amount, the predetermined amount being determined by one or more physical properties determined by the data; as well as The one or more physical properties are determined based at least in part on the data.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The one or more physical properties include at least one of an electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement and an electrodermal activity (EDA) measurement.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The second contact point is arranged at a top surface of the wearable device and the second input source is a second extremity on an opposite side of a user's body compared to a first extremity forming the first contact point.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The second extremity is at least one of a leg, an arm or a hand.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining at least one physical attribute of a user forming the first touch point and the second touch point; as well as The at least one physical attribute is displayed on a display of the wearable device.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first contact point is formed between a wrist and a bottom surface of the wearable device, and the second contact point is formed between an opposing limb and a top surface of the wearable device.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first contact is formed between a first finger and a first electrode formed at a top surface of the wearable device, the second contact is formed between a second finger and the second electrode formed at the top surface of the wearable device, and the wearable device obtains EDA measurement via data acquired from the first contact and the second contact.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining a third contact formed between a third electrode and a third input source, the third electrode being positioned within the form factor of the wearable device; The third touch point is determined to exceed a third threshold value, the third threshold value indicating a third quality of data received from the third touch point.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The instruction includes at least one of a text message, an audible sound, or tactile feedback.

11. A wearable device for determining a physical attribute of a user, comprising: a housing comprising a top surface and a bottom surface, the top surface and the bottom surface being electrically isolated from each other, wherein the bottom surface is adapted to contact a first extremity of a user when worn by the user; a first electrode in the top surface, the first electrode being positioned so as not to contact the first extremity of the user when the user wears the wearable device, wherein the first electrode is adapted to receive input from a second extremity of the user; a second electrode in the bottom surface, the second electrode positioned to directly engage the first extremity when the user wears the wearable device; and a third electrode in at least one of the top surface or the bottom surface, the third electrode being electrically isolated from the first electrode and the second electrode, Wherein, the wearable device is configured as: determining a first contact point formed between the first electrode and the first limb; determining whether the first touch point exceeds a first threshold, the first threshold indicating a first quality of data received from the first touch point; In response to determining that the first touch point does not exceed the first threshold, providing instructions to the user to adjust the first touch point; providing instructions to the user to engage the second electrode with the second extremity; determining whether a second touch point exceeds a second threshold, the second threshold indicating a second quality of data received from the second touch point; In response to determining that the second touch point does not exceed the second threshold, providing instructions to the user to adjust the second touch point; In response to determining that the first touch point exceeds the first threshold and the second touch point exceeds the second threshold, providing instructions to the user to maintain the first touch point and the second touch point; and Data for determining the physical attribute of the user is obtained from the first touch point and the second touch point.

12. The wearable device according to claim 11, wherein: The first extremity is an arm of the user and the second extremity is one of an opposing arm, an opposing hand, or an opposing leg of the user.

13. The wearable device according to claim 11, further comprising: A spacer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode, the spacer being formed of a non-conductive material.

14. The wearable device according to claim 11, wherein: The third electrode is formed in the top surface.

15. The wearable device according to claim 11, wherein: The first electrode includes a conductive coating disposed above the display screen.

16. The wearable device according to claim 11, wherein: The top surface comprises: Display screen; and A bezel is provided, wherein the bezel substantially surrounds a perimeter of the display screen, the bezel being electrically isolated from at least one of the display screen and the bottom surface.

17. The wearable device according to claim 16, wherein: At least one of the second electrode and the third electrode is formed on the display screen, and the display screen is visible through the at least one of the second electrode and the third electrode.

18. The wearable device according to claim 11, wherein: The top surface comprises: A frame extends around a perimeter of the top surface, wherein the second electrode and the first electrode are both arranged within the frame.

19. The wearable device of claim 11, further comprising at least one spacer positioned between each of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode, the spacer electrically isolating the respective electrodes from each other.

Images