A method for controlling springback during bending of aluminum profiles and aluminum profiles

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for controlling springback during aluminum profile bending and to an aluminum profile itself. The method includes the following steps: obtaining the target bending parameters and mold dimensions of the aluminum profile; applying a pre-stretch of 0%-5% deformation to the aluminum profile before bending; determining the number of forming passes based on the yield strength after pre-stretching and the target bending center angle; progressively determining the forming angle for each pass based on the number of forming passes and the target bending center angle; maintaining a constant outer arc length of the aluminum profile in each bending pass, and bending the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle for each pass. This invention, by applying a certain amount of pre-stretching deformation to the aluminum profile before bending and using multiple progressive forming processes to correct springback, can effectively improve the accuracy of the target radius of curvature and bending center angle of the aluminum profile, reduce the impact of springback, and achieve high-precision control of bending, making it suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bending forming technology, and in particular to a method for controlling the springback of aluminum profiles during bending forming, and an aluminum profile. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys, due to their advantages of light weight, ease of processing and forming, energy saving, environmental friendliness, and high recyclability, have a wide range of applications in construction, automotive, and aerospace industries. In practical applications, aluminum alloy profiles often need to be processed into various shapes to fit the overall structural assembly. Bending is a highly efficient, energy-saving, and material-saving metal forming technology, enabling the widespread application of aluminum alloy profiles in these fields. However, because the material undergoes elastoplastic deformation during bending, springback occurs after the load is removed. Springback makes it difficult to control the precision of product processing, leading to rework or even scrapping, significantly reducing product yield and production efficiency, and severely impacting the product's functionality.

[0003] Currently, researchers often use methods such as bending and repeated bending to reduce springback. However, due to factors such as the nonlinearity of springback, these methods are not precise enough in controlling springback. Furthermore, in actual production, workers often use manual bending and hammering to correct springback, which cannot guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and reduces production efficiency. Therefore, how to achieve high-precision control of aluminum alloy bending forming is a pressing problem that researchers need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the limitations of existing technologies that commonly use bending and repeated bending to reduce springback. However, due to factors such as the nonlinearity of springback, these methods are not precise enough in controlling springback. Furthermore, in actual production, workers often use manual bending and hammering to correct springback, which cannot guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and reduces production efficiency. Therefore, how to achieve high-precision control of aluminum alloy bending forming is a pressing problem that researchers need to solve.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling the springback of aluminum profiles during bending and forming, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Pre-stretch the aluminum profile before bending and forming;

[0007] Step S2: Determine the number of forming cycles based on the yield strength of the pre-stretched aluminum profile and the target bending center angle obtained in advance;

[0008] Step S3: Determine the forming angle for each pass based on the number of aluminum profile forming passes and the target bending center angle;

[0009] Step S4: Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile constant in each bending pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum profile is pre-stretched with a deformation of 0%-5% in step S1, specifically by pre-stretching the aluminum profile along the extrusion direction.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the deformation amount is the theoretical loading strain of the aluminum profile before pre-stretching and unloading, and the yield strength is the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] According to the formula Calculate the number of molding cycles, round the result to the nearest integer, and round up to 1 if the result is less than 1.

[0014] Where λ is the number of molding cycles, σ s Let θ be the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching, θ be the target bending center angle, x be a constant related to the cross-sectional shape, dimensions, and wall thickness of the aluminum profile, and y be a constant related to the target bending center angle.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper limit of the number of molding cycles is 7, and according to the formula... When the calculated number of bends exceeds the upper limit, the bending and shaping process is performed using the upper limit number of bends.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes the following:

[0017] 1) When the forming process is repeated twice, the first bending pass should be 60% to 80% of the target bending center angle, and the second bending pass should be the remaining amount.

[0018] 2) When the forming process is repeated three times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 40% to 60%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, and the third pass bends the remaining amount.

[0019] 3) When the forming process is four times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 30% to 50%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the third pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, and the fourth pass bends the remaining amount.

[0020] 4) When the molding process is repeated five times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 30% to 50%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the third and fourth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30% respectively, and the fifth pass bends the remaining amount.

[0021] 5) When the molding process is repeated six times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the second and third passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, the fourth and fifth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 5% to 15% respectively, and the sixth pass bends the remaining amount.

[0022] 6) When the molding process is repeated seven times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, the third to sixth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 5% to 15% respectively, and the seventh pass bends the remaining amount.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, when the number of forming times is three, the first pass can bend 50% of the overall target bending center angle, the second pass can bend 30% of the overall target bending center angle, and the third pass can bend 20% of the overall target bending center angle.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the target bending parameters, namely the target bending center angle and the target bending outer radius, are obtained in advance before the aluminum profile is pre-stretched.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the outer arc length of the aluminum profile after forming is calculated using a geometric formula based on the target bending outer radius and the target bending center angle of the aluminum profile, while keeping the bending length of each pass constant during forming.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, an aluminum profile is manufactured using the aluminum profile bending and springback control method described in any one of the above claims.

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0028] 1. The aluminum profile bending forming springback control method of the present invention pre-stretches the aluminum profile by a certain amount of deformation before bending forming, which can effectively reduce the residual stress of quenching and thus reduce the impact of material springback;

[0029] 2. This invention uses a multi-pass progressive forming process to control the springback amount. The process is reasonable, the steps are simple, and the parameters are coordinated. It can effectively improve the accuracy of the target radius of curvature and bending center angle of aluminum profiles, minimize the springback amount, improve the forming accuracy, and achieve high-precision control of bending forming, which is suitable for industrial production.

[0030] 3. For aluminum profiles of the same shape and size, this invention does not involve the replacement or modification of molds, which can effectively improve work efficiency and reduce production costs;

[0031] 4. The springback control method for multiple forming processes provided by this invention reduces the fluctuations during springback of aluminum profiles, improves the uniformity of springback, and can significantly improve the forming quality of aluminum profiles. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein...

[0033] Figure 1 This is a geometric diagram of the bending processing model provided by the present invention.

[0034] The following are the markings on the attached diagrams in the instruction manual: 1. Aluminum profile; 2. Upper roller; 3. Lower roller. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a method for controlling the springback of aluminum profiles during bending and forming according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: Pre-stretch the aluminum profile before bending and forming;

[0039] Step S2: Determine the number of forming cycles based on the yield strength of the pre-stretched aluminum profile and the target bending center angle obtained in advance;

[0040] Step S3: Determine the forming angle for each pass based on the number of aluminum profile forming passes and the target bending center angle;

[0041] Step S4: Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile constant in each bending pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass.

[0042] Specifically, applying a certain amount of pre-stretching to the aluminum profile before bending can effectively eliminate residual stress from quenching, reduce springback, and improve the forming quality of the aluminum profile. On the other hand, the elimination of residual stress comes at the cost of plastic deformation. The yield strength of the aluminum profile increases with the increase of deformation, while the elastic modulus decreases. These factors will increase the springback after bending. Based on extensive experimental research, the preferred method provided by this invention is to pre-stretch the aluminum profile with a deformation of 0%-5%. When the aluminum profile is pre-stretched within this range and then bent, the influence of residual stress from quenching on springback can be largely eliminated, and the influence of changes in the yield strength and elastic modulus of the pre-stretched aluminum profile on springback can be minimized.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S1, the aluminum profile is pre-stretched with a deformation of 0%-5%, specifically by pre-stretching the aluminum profile along the extrusion direction.

[0044] Furthermore, the deformation amount is the theoretical loading strain of the aluminum profile before pre-stretching and unloading, and the yield strength is the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching.

[0045] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] According to the formula Calculate the number of molding cycles, round the result to the nearest integer, and round up to 1 if the result is less than 1.

[0047] Where λ is the number of molding cycles, σ s θ represents the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching, θ represents the target bending center angle, x is a constant related to the cross-sectional shape, size, and wall thickness of the aluminum profile, and y is a constant related to the target bending center angle.

[0048] Furthermore, the maximum number of molding cycles is 7, and according to the formula... When the calculated number of bending cycles exceeds the upper limit, bending is performed up to that upper limit. Specifically, considering the effects of work hardening and other factors on the forming process, the upper limit for the number of bending cycles in the control method of this invention is 7.

[0049] Furthermore, step S3 specifically includes the following situations:

[0050] 1) When the forming process is repeated twice, the first bending pass should be 60% to 80% of the target bending center angle, and the second bending pass should be the remaining amount.

[0051] 2) When the forming process is repeated three times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 40% to 60%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, and the third pass bends the remaining amount.

[0052] 3) When the forming process is four times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 30% to 50%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the third pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, and the fourth pass bends the remaining amount.

[0053] 4) When the molding process is repeated five times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 30% to 50%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the third and fourth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30% respectively, and the fifth pass bends the remaining amount.

[0054] 5) When the molding process is repeated six times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the second and third passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, the fourth and fifth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 5% to 15% respectively, and the sixth pass bends the remaining amount.

[0055] 6) When the molding process is repeated seven times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, the third to sixth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 5% to 15% respectively, and the seventh pass bends the remaining amount.

[0056] Furthermore, in step S3, when the molding process is repeated three times, the first pass can bend 50% of the overall target bending center angle, the second pass can bend 30% of the overall target bending center angle, and the third pass can bend 20% of the overall target bending center angle.

[0057] Furthermore, the target bending parameters, namely the target bending center angle and the target bending outer radius, are obtained in advance before the aluminum profile is pre-stretched. This invention is applicable to outer radii of curvature above the material's bending limit, and the applicable target bending center angle is 0° to 180°.

[0058] Furthermore, in step S4, the outer arc length of the aluminum profile after forming is calculated using geometric formulas based on the target bending outer radius and target bending center angle of the aluminum profile, while keeping the bending length of each pass constant during forming.

[0059] Furthermore, an aluminum profile is manufactured using any of the above-mentioned aluminum profile bending and springback control methods.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 As shown, R is the target bending outer radius, r1 is the upper roller radius, r2 is the lower roller radius, and L is the center distance between the two lower rollers.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] (1) An aluminum alloy "U"-shaped tube with a cross-sectional size of 30mm x 30mm and a wall thickness of 3mm was selected as the experimental material. The target bending outer radius was 500mm, the target bending center angle was 15°, the upper roller radius was 67.5mm, and the radii of the two lower rollers were both 80mm.

[0063] (2) The aluminum profile is pre-stretched with a deformation of 2.0%, and the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching is 213 MPa.

[0064] (3) Determine the number of forming cycles based on the yield strength after pre-stretching and the target bending center angle;

[0065] According to the formula Where x takes the value 100 and y takes the value 30, we get λ = 2.63, which means that three molding processes are performed;

[0066] (4) Determine the forming angle for each pass progressively based on the number of aluminum profile forming passes and the target bending center angle.

[0067] The first pass bends the target bending center angle by 50%, the second pass bends by 30%, and the third pass bends by the remaining 20% ​​of the target bending center angle; that is, each pass bends by 7.5°, 4.5°, and 3° respectively.

[0068] (5) Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile unchanged in each bending pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass.

[0069] The outer arc length after forming is calculated to be 130.83 mm according to the geometric formula. The lower roller rolls over this length in each forming process, and then the aluminum profile is bent and formed in sequence.

[0070] Example 3:

[0071] (1) An aluminum alloy "U"-shaped tube with a cross-sectional size of 45mm x 45mm and a wall thickness of 2.5mm was selected as the experimental material. The target bending outer radius was 500mm, the target bending center angle was 45°, the upper roller radius was 67.5mm, and the radii of the two lower rollers were both 80mm.

[0072] (2) The aluminum profile is pre-stretched with a deformation of 2.5%, and the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching is 265 MPa.

[0073] (3) Determine the number of forming cycles based on the yield strength after pre-stretching and the target bending center angle;

[0074] According to the formula Where x takes the value 85 and y takes the value 27, we get λ = 4.78, which means five molding processes are performed;

[0075] (4) Determine the forming angle for each pass progressively based on the number of aluminum profile forming passes and the target bending center angle.

[0076] The first pass bends 40% of the overall target bending center angle, the second pass bends 30% of the overall target bending center angle, the third and fourth passes bend 10% of the overall target bending center angle respectively, and the fifth pass bends the remaining 10% of the target bending center angle. That is, each pass bends 18°, 13.5°, 4.5°, 4.5° and 4.5° respectively.

[0077] (5) Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile unchanged in each bending pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass.

[0078] The outer arc length after forming is calculated to be 392.5 mm according to the geometric formula. The lower roller rolls over this length in each forming process, and then the aluminum profile is bent and formed in sequence.

[0079] Example 4:

[0080] (1) An aluminum alloy "U"-shaped tube with a cross-sectional size of 15mm x 15mm and a wall thickness of 3mm was selected as the experimental material. The target bending outer radius was 500mm, the target bending center angle was 75°, the upper roller radius was 67.5mm, and the radii of the two lower rollers were both 80mm.

[0081] (2) The aluminum profile is pre-stretched with a deformation of 2.5%, and the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching is 242 MPa;

[0082] (3) Determine the number of forming cycles based on the yield strength after pre-stretching and the target bending center angle;

[0083] According to the formula Where x takes the value 115 and y takes the value 24, we get λ = 5.23, which means five molding processes are performed;

[0084] (4) Determine the forming angle for each pass progressively based on the number of aluminum profile forming passes and the target bending center angle.

[0085] The first pass bends 40% of the overall target bending center angle, the second pass bends 30% of the overall target bending center angle, the third and fourth passes bend 10% of the overall target bending center angle respectively, and the fifth pass bends the remaining 10% of the target bending center angle; that is, each pass bends 30°, 22.5°, 7.5°, 7.5° and 7.5° respectively.

[0086] (5) Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile unchanged in each bending pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass.

[0087] According to the geometric formula, the outer arc length after forming is calculated to be 654.17 mm. Keep the length that the lower roller rolls through in each pass during forming unchanged, and then bend the aluminum profile successively.

[0088] Example 5:

[0089] (1) Select an aluminum alloy "day" - shaped tube with a cross - section size of 75 mm x 35 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm as the experimental material. The target bending outer radius is 500 mm, the target bending central angle is 60°, the upper roller radius is 67.5 mm, and the radii of the two lower rollers are both 80 mm.

[0090] (2) Perform a pre - stretch on the aluminum profile with a deformation amount of 3.0%. After pre - stretching, the yield strength of the aluminum profile is 288 Mpa;

[0091] (3) Determine the number of forming passes according to the yield strength after pre - stretching and the target bending central angle;

[0092] According to the formula where x takes the value of 75 and y takes the value of 24, it is calculated that λ = 6.34, that is, six forming passes are carried out;

[0093] (4) Gradually determine the forming angle for each pass according to the number of forming passes of the aluminum profile and the target bending central angle;

[0094] In the first pass, bend 30% of the overall target bending central angle. In the second and third passes, bend 20% and 10% of the overall target bending central angle respectively. In the fourth and fifth passes, bend 10% of the overall target bending central angle respectively. In the sixth pass, bend the remaining amount of the target bending central angle, that is, 10%, that is, bend 18°, 12°, 6°, 6°, 6° and 6° in each pass successively;

[0095] (5) Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile unchanged in each pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass;

[0096] According to the geometric formula, the outer arc length after forming is calculated to be 523.33 mm. Keep the length that the lower roller rolls through in each pass during forming unchanged, and then bend the aluminum profile successively.

[0097] Comparative Example 1:

[0098] It is basically the same as the bending process described in Example 1. The only difference is that it does not go through pre - stretching and only uses one - time bending forming.

[0099] Comparative Example 2:

[0100] It is basically the same as the bending process described in Example 2. The only difference is that it does not go through pre - stretching and only uses one - time bending forming.

[0101] Comparative Example 3:

[0102] The bending process is basically the same as that described in Example 3, except that it does not undergo pre-stretching and is formed by bending only once.

[0103] Comparative Example 4:

[0104] The bending process is basically the same as that described in Example 4, except that it does not undergo pre-stretching and is formed by bending only once.

[0105] The comparison results of Examples 2-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Table 1.

[0106] Table 1 Comparison Results

[0107] Bending center angle / ° Bending center angle springback / % Example 2 14.13 5.80 Example 3 42.28 6.04 Example 4 71.53 4.63 Example 5 56.75 5.42 Comparative Example 1 12.26 18.26 Comparative Example 2 38.65 14.11 Comparative Example 3 67.12 10.51 Comparative Example 4 52.88 11.87

[0108] As shown in Table 1, the springback of Examples 2-5 provided by the present invention is significantly reduced compared to Comparative Examples 1-4, which are formed in one step without pre-stretching, and can be basically controlled within 10%. Therefore, the springback control method for multi-pass progressive bending provided by the present invention has a significant effect on controlling springback. Moreover, the present invention has a reasonable process, simple steps, and coordinated parameters, thus improving the molding quality.

[0109] This invention addresses the bending process by providing a springback control method through pre-stretching and multiple forming processes. It utilizes the influence of yield strength and target bending center angle on springback to determine the number of forming passes and progressively determines the bending angle for each pass based on the target bending center angle. This effectively reduces the impact of springback and improves the control accuracy of bending forming, providing relevant suggestions for theoretical research or practical production in this field.

[0110] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the springback of aluminum profiles during bending and forming, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Pre-stretch the aluminum profile before bending and forming; Step S2: Determine the number of forming cycles based on the yield strength of the pre-stretched aluminum profile and the target bending center angle obtained in advance; Specifically, the following steps are included: According to the formula Calculate the number of molding cycles, round the result to the nearest integer, and round up to 1 if the result is less than 1. Where λ is the number of molding cycles, σ s θ represents the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching, θ represents the target bending center angle, x is a constant related to the cross-sectional shape, size, and wall thickness of the aluminum profile, and y is a constant related to the target bending center angle; the upper limit of the number of forming cycles is 7, and according to the formula... If the calculated number of bends exceeds the upper limit, the bending and shaping process will be performed using the upper limit number of bends. Step S3: Determine the forming angle for each pass based on the number of aluminum profile forming passes and the target bending center angle; specifically including the following situations: 1) When the forming process is repeated twice, the first bending pass should be 60% to 80% of the target bending center angle, and the second bending pass should be the remaining amount. 2) When the forming process is repeated three times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 40% to 60%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, and the third pass bends the remaining amount. 3) When the forming process is four times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 30% to 50%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the third pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, and the fourth pass bends the remaining amount. 4) When the molding process is repeated five times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 30% to 50%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the third and fourth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30% respectively, and the fifth pass bends the remaining amount. 5) When the molding process is repeated six times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the second and third passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, the fourth and fifth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 5% to 15% respectively, and the sixth pass bends the remaining amount. 6) When the molding process is repeated seven times, the first pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 20% to 40%, the second pass bends the overall target bending center angle by 10% to 30%, the third to sixth passes bend the overall target bending center angle by 5% to 15% respectively, and the seventh pass bends the remaining amount. Step S4: Keep the outer arc length of the aluminum profile constant in each bending pass, and bend the aluminum profile according to the number of forming passes and the forming angle of each pass.

2. The method for controlling springback during bending of aluminum profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the aluminum profile is pre-stretched with a deformation of 0%-5%, specifically by pre-stretching the aluminum profile along the extrusion direction.

3. The method for controlling springback during aluminum profile bending as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The deformation amount is the theoretical loading strain of the aluminum profile before pre-stretching and unloading, and the yield strength is the yield strength of the aluminum profile after pre-stretching.

4. The method for controlling springback during aluminum profile bending as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when the forming process is repeated three times, the first bending pass achieves 50% of the overall target bending center angle, the second bending pass achieves 30% of the overall target bending center angle, and the third bending pass achieves 20% of the overall target bending center angle.

5. The method for controlling springback during bending of aluminum profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before pre-stretching the aluminum profile, its target bending parameters, namely the target bending center angle and the target bending outer radius, are obtained in advance.

6. The method for controlling springback during aluminum profile bending as described in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the outer arc length of the aluminum profile after forming is calculated using geometric formulas based on the target bending outer radius and target bending center angle of the aluminum profile, while keeping the bending length of each pass constant during forming.

7. An aluminum profile, manufactured using the aluminum profile bending and springback control method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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