An intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action, which includes: an electric curtain glass plate, on which a number of independent transparent electrodes are arranged, and a mobile electrode plate is arranged above the electric curtain glass plate; an intelligent monitoring system for identifying and processing images, air humidity and wind speed above the photovoltaic panel; a mobile module for driving the mobile electrode plate to move above the electric curtain glass plate; a power module, wherein the working modes of the power module include a direct current output mode and an alternating current output mode, and the alternating current in the alternating current output mode is alternating current with more than two phases, and two adjacent transparent electrodes are connected to different phases in the alternating current; and an intelligent control system. The present invention can realize efficient electrostatic self-cleaning of photovoltaic panels in multiple regions and scenarios, ensure the stability of photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency, delay the service life of photovoltaic panels, and save photovoltaic operation and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy and environmental protection, and in particular to an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action. Background Art

[0002] Since the beginning of the 21st century, global energy consumption has been huge, and countries around the world have attached great importance to energy consumption and the development of new energy technologies. Compared with traditional fossil energy, renewable clean energy such as solar energy can not only effectively reduce CO2 emissions, but also effectively optimize the energy consumption structure and improve the ecological environment, which is of great significance to the healthy and sustainable development of my country's economy.

[0003] One of the problems in the development of the solar energy industry is the serious accumulation of dust on the panels. If the panels are not cleaned, the dust will affect the output power of the photovoltaic panels. According to statistics, if the panels are not cleaned for 30 days in the Golmud Gobi Desert in Qinghai Province, my country, the dust deposition density is 15g / m 2 The above results in an average annual photovoltaic power generation efficiency reduction of more than 30%. On the other hand, the accumulation of dust will also produce a hot spot effect, causing uneven heating of the photovoltaic panel mirror, resulting in a local high temperature effect and burnt dark spots. In addition, when dust adheres to the photovoltaic panel mirror, it will react with the battery cover mirror to corrode its surface, causing irreversible damage or destruction to the photovoltaic panel.

[0004] To maintain the efficiency of solar power generation, the problem of dust accumulation on the surface of photovoltaic panels must be solved. Traditional manual cleaning and mechanical cleaning methods are not conducive to the rapid development of large-scale photovoltaic power stations due to their high costs and large consumption of water resources. Recently, some scholars have adopted the method of electric curtains to remove particles on the surface of photovoltaic panels, and tried to further improve the particle removal efficiency by optimizing the power supply structure. However, there are still many problems in humid environments and high-concentration particle environments. The efficiency is still low, and fine particles cannot be effectively removed. In addition to the power supply type, its structural design is a more basic and important factor in improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0005] Chinese patent CN111682843A discloses a photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on the Internet of Things technology, including a fixed shell, a driving mechanism fixedly installed on one side of the fixed shell, a cleaning mechanism fixedly installed on the inner surface of the fixed shell and located on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, a control mechanism fixedly installed on the bottom of the fixed shell, and a detection mechanism provided on the upper end of the fixed shell. The photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on the Internet of Things technology described in the invention removes the charge of particulate matter through an anti-static rod, and cleans the dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel through a combination of mechanical structures such as a flexible shovel and a cleaning head, which may scratch or damage the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0006] The present invention specifically aims at humid environments and high-concentration particle environments, and proposes an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action. The system is suitable for self-cleaning of particles on the surface of photovoltaic panels in multiple regions and scenarios, especially in high-concentration particle and high-humidity environments. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art of photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment, such as limited use environment, high cost and low cleaning efficiency in humid environment and high-concentration particle environment.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0009] The present invention relates to an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action, which comprises:

[0010] An electric curtain glass plate, on which a number of independent transparent electrodes are arranged, and a movable electrode plate is provided above the electric curtain glass plate;

[0011] Intelligent monitoring system for identifying and processing images, air humidity and wind speed above the photovoltaic panels;

[0012] A moving module, on which the moving electrode plate is mounted, and the moving module is used to drive the moving electrode plate to move above the electric curtain glass plate;

[0013] A power module, the power module is connected to the transparent electrode, the mobile electrode plate, the intelligent monitoring system and the mobile module respectively, the working modes of the power module include a direct current output mode and an alternating current output mode, the alternating current in the alternating current output mode is an alternating current with more than two phases, and two adjacent transparent electrodes are connected to different phases of the alternating current;

[0014] Intelligent control system: the intelligent control system is connected with the intelligent monitoring system, the mobile module and the power module respectively.

[0015] When the system involved in the present invention is used, the electric curtain glass plate is laid on the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is cleaned by cleaning the surface of the electric curtain glass plate. The basic principle of removing particles is:

[0016] When the transparent electrodes arranged on the electric curtain glass plate are connected to a four-phase traveling wave AC power supply, an electrostatic traveling wave field will be excited. When neutral or charged particles enter the non-uniform electric field, the charge will be redistributed on the surface of the particles, and the positive and negative charges will accumulate on the opposite sides of the particles, generating an electric dipole moment. The particles are affected by the dielectrophoretic force and migrate under the drive of the electrostatic traveling wave field. At this time, some particles are directly repelled from falling to the ground or continue to float, while other particles fall onto the surface of the electric curtain glass and are further charged by friction with the dielectric layer covering the electrodes. Under the action of electric field force, gravity, dielectrophoretic force, etc., they overcome resistance such as adhesion and continue to charge, jump, and migrate, and finally detach from the surface of the electric curtain glass plate, thereby achieving electrostatic dust shielding and short-time and efficient self-cleaning of photovoltaic panels.

[0017] Preferably, the electric curtain glass plate includes a PET substrate, the transparent electrode is a strip structure, a plurality of transparent electrodes are arranged in parallel and at intervals on the PET substrate, and a polyester material insulating layer is filled between two adjacent transparent electrodes; the transparent electrode is a transparent ITO electrode. The transparent electrode is connected to a power module, and the circuit switching is realized by setting the power module. When connected to multi-phase alternating current, an alternating traveling wave electric field is formed between each discharge transparent electrode, so as to realize daily electrostatic dust shielding and short-time efficient self-cleaning of the plate surface; when connected to direct current high voltage, the transparent electrodes can be approximated as a negatively charged plane due to their uniform arrangement, so as to realize rapid charging of the particles on the plate surface, and further clean the particles in cooperation with the mobile electrode plate described below.

[0018] Preferably, the moving module is an xy two-axis moving mechanism, the moving electrode plate is installed on the xy two-axis moving mechanism, the xy two-axis moving mechanism is used to control the movement of the moving electrode plate above the electric curtain glass plate, and the xy two-axis moving mechanism is electrically connected to the power module and the intelligent control system.

[0019] The mobile electrode plate is used to clean the particulate matter that is locally gathered on the electric curtain glass plate or when the particle coverage density is high. The dust particles on the surface of the electric curtain glass plate are mainly composed of oxides of elements such as Si, Al, and Fe, and have the properties of conductors. Therefore, they can be "charged" through the transparent electrode of the electric curtain glass plate. After the high-voltage direct current is passed, a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the mobile electrode plate and the transparent electrode on the electric curtain glass plate. The particles are lifted off by overcoming the resistance such as adhesion force and liquid capillary force through electrostatic force and dielectrophoresis force. The mobile electrode plate moving parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel can effectively realize efficient charging and cleaning of the panel surface.

[0020] Coulomb force is the force generated by charged particles in an electric field. It is the main driving force for the migration of particles caused by the electric field. Its expression is:

[0021] F c =q·E (1)

[0022] Where: q is the charge of the particle. The direction of the electric field force of positively charged particles is the same as the direction of the electric field, while that of negatively charged particles is the opposite.

[0023] Dielectrophoretic force is an electric field gradient force generated when charged particles and neutral particles are polarized in an external non-uniform electric field. Its expression is:

[0024]

[0025] Where: r is the radius of the spherical particle; ε0 is the vacuum dielectric constant; ε f is the relative dielectric constant of the background fluid medium, in air or vacuum, ε f =1.0;ε p is the relative dielectric constant of the particles.

[0026] For the particle charging process, the charge can be solved using the following dimensionless expression:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] τ=4ε0 / (ρ ion k ion ) (7)

[0032] Where: q p is the particle charge; q s is the particle saturation charge; k B is the Boltzmann constant; d p is the particle size; τ is the time constant; e is the unit charge of electrons; T is the temperature of the gas phase medium; ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the particles.

[0033] By combining the information collected from the field with the above formula, and calculating the charge of the particulate matter on the photovoltaic panels and analyzing the force, the parameter range such as the power supply voltage required for efficient removal of particulate matter in this self-cleaning system can be quickly determined, ensuring the lowest energy consumption while achieving efficient removal of particulate matter.

[0034] Preferably, the movable electrode plate is made of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) transparent conductive glass, the movable electrode plate is arranged parallel to the electric curtain glass plate, the thickness of the movable electrode plate is 2 to 8 mm, the spacing between the movable electrode plate and the transparent electrode on the electric curtain glass plate is 1 to 3 cm, and the shape of the movable electrode plate is square, rectangular, circular or elliptical; when the shape of the movable electrode plate is square or circular, the side length or diameter of the movable electrode plate is 10 to 30 cm.

[0035] Preferably, the voltage range of the power module is 1-10 kV, the frequency is 0-50 Hz, a voltage regulator is provided in the power module, and the alternating current adopts four-phase rectangular traveling wave alternating current or three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave alternating current. The power module selects a power module that can adjust the output of direct current and alternating current. By adjusting the frequency and circuit layout, high-voltage direct current or multi-phase alternating current (such as three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave alternating current, four-phase rectangular traveling wave alternating current) can be generated to cope with different use environments. When the alternating current adopts four-phase rectangular traveling wave alternating current, the connection method of the transparent electrodes can be: the first four transparent electrodes among the plurality of transparent electrodes are respectively connected to four different phases in the alternating current, and the subsequent transparent electrodes are connected to the power module in a cyclic and staggered manner in accordance with the connection method of the first four transparent electrodes. When three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave alternating current is adopted, a similar connection method can also be adopted.

[0036] Preferably, the PET substrate has a thickness of 0.2 to 1 mm, the transparent electrode has a thickness of 1 to 10 μm, the electrode width is 0.3 to 100 μm, the spacing is 0.1 to 1 mm, the insulation thickness of the polyester material is 1 to 2 mm, and the transparent electrode is wet-etched on the PET substrate.

[0037] Preferably, the intelligent monitoring system comprises a camera, a humidity sensor and an anemometer, and the camera, the humidity sensor and the anemometer are all electrically connected to the intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system recognizes and processes the image collected by the camera through the Gaussian Laplace operator detection method (LOG).

[0038] Preferably, the xy biaxial moving mechanism comprises a transverse screw rod, a longitudinal screw rod and a supporting frame, the transverse screw rod and the longitudinal screw rod are arranged vertically, the transverse screw rod is connected to a first motor through a coupling, a first slider which cooperates with the transverse screw rod for transmission is installed on the transverse screw rod, a first guide rail is provided on the opposite side of the transverse screw rod, a first guide rail slider is provided on the first guide rail, the first guide rail slider and the first slider are connected through a first moving rod, and the first moving rod is perpendicular to the first screw rod; the longitudinal screw rod is connected to a second motor through a coupling, a second slider which cooperates with the longitudinal screw rod for transmission is installed on the longitudinal screw rod, a second guide rail is provided on the opposite side of the longitudinal screw rod, a second guide rail slider is provided on the second guide rail, the second guide rail slider and the second slider are connected through a second moving rod, the second moving rod is perpendicular to the longitudinal screw rod, the first moving rod and the second moving rod are arranged up and down, an electrode slider is slidably connected to the first moving rod, the second moving rod passes through the electrode slider and is slidably connected to the electrode slider, and a moving electrode plate is detachably installed on the electrode slider, and a sliding bearing can be installed between the electrode slider and the first moving rod and the second moving rod to reduce friction.

[0039] Preferably, the intelligent control system realizes the processing and intelligent control of environmental monitoring data through the simplex search algorithm, and the single-chip control relay in the intelligent control system realizes the control of the xy dual-axis moving mechanism, the intelligent monitoring system, the power module and each circuit therein, and the monitoring data and algorithm operation optimization information are transmitted to the computer to form a database. Based on the simplex search method, the power supply voltage, frequency and waveform can be adjusted according to the wind speed and humidity. For example, 1kV is the lowest gear, which is suitable for the working conditions of low humidity, high wind speed and low concentration of particulate matter; 10kV is the highest gear, which is suitable for the working conditions of high humidity, low wind speed and high concentration of particulate matter.

[0040] A photovoltaic panel cleaning method using an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) The power module switches to output alternating current, and a non-uniform electric field is generated between the transparent electrodes. When neutral or charged particles enter the non-uniform electric field, the charge will be redistributed on the surface of the particles. The positive and negative charges will accumulate on the opposite sides of the particles to generate an electric dipole moment. The particles are affected by the electrostatic traveling wave field and migrate. Some particles are repelled to the ground, while others fall onto the surface of the electric curtain glass plate. They are further charged by friction with the electric curtain glass plate. Under the action of the electric field force, gravity, and dielectrophoretic force, they overcome adhesion and resistance, and continue to charge, jump, and migrate. Finally, they detach from the surface of the electric curtain glass plate, thereby realizing electrostatic dust shielding and short-term high-efficiency self-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel without scratching the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0042] (2) The power module switches to output direct current, and the transparent electrode of the electric curtain forms a negative potential plane to charge the particles. The particles can be further charged after moving and rubbing on the electric curtain glass plate. A high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the mobile electrode plate and the transparent electrode on the electric curtain glass plate. The electrostatic force and dielectrophoretic force overcome the resistance of adhesion and liquid capillary force to achieve the take-off of the particles. The mobile electrode plate moving parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel can effectively achieve efficient charging and cleaning of the panel surface.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action involved in the present invention breaks through the limitations of humidity, particle size and concentration in traditional electrostatic dust removal of photovoltaic panels. It uses transparent electrodes arranged on the electric curtain glass plate to form an alternating electric field to achieve electrostatic dust shielding and short-term high-efficiency self-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel. The mobile electrode plate parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel and the transparent ITO electrode plate arranged at intervals in the electric curtain glass plate are connected to high-voltage direct current to form a high-voltage spatial electrostatic field. It can quickly charge, jump and remove particles in extreme weather conditions such as high humidity and strong winds and sand, thereby achieving efficient removal of particles from the photovoltaic panel and having higher cleaning efficiency.

[0045] (2) The present invention has developed a precise positioning control system based on an xy dual-axis moving mechanism. Different from the previous single-direction mechanical cleaning, the xy dual-axis moving mechanism enables the mobile electrode plate to move quickly and accurately through Gaussian Laplace operator detection (LOG) algorithm analysis, thereby achieving rapid removal of local dust accumulation and avoiding waste of cleaning resources.

[0046] (3) The present invention implements optimized control of electrostatic field particle shielding and efficient charge removal of photovoltaic panel particles in multiple scenarios through an intelligent monitoring system and an xy dual-axis moving mechanism. Low voltage is used for daily electrostatic shielding, and high-voltage electrostatic shielding is used in combination with efficient dust removal and rapid cleaning when pollution is serious. This mode can effectively reduce energy consumption while ensuring cleaning efficiency, which is conducive to realizing intelligent cleaning of photovoltaic panels and efficient control of pollutants, and is conducive to promoting the further development of the solar energy industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the movable transparent electrode structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is the system control diagram of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: 1-first motor, 2-first screw rod, 3-anemometer, 4-camera, 5-humidity sensor, 6-support frame, 7-second slider, 8-steam superheater, 9-first guide rod, 10-support frame, 11-electrode slider, 12-second guide slider, 13-coupling, 14-photovoltaic panel, 15-polyester material insulation layer, 16-first slider, 17-transparent electrode, 18-power supply, 19-voltage regulator, 20-movable electrode plate, 21-PET substrate, 22-first moving rod, 23-second guide rod, 24-first guide slider, 25-first slider, 26, second screw rod, 27, electric curtain glass plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention relates to an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action, which comprises:

[0055] An electric curtain glass plate 27, on which a plurality of mutually disconnected transparent electrodes 17 are arranged;

[0056] An xy biaxial moving mechanism, a moving electrode plate 20 is provided above the electric curtain glass plate, and the moving electrode plate 20 is installed on the xy biaxial moving mechanism, and the xy biaxial moving mechanism is used to control the movement of the moving electrode plate 20 above the electric curtain glass plate;

[0057] Intelligent monitoring system for identifying and processing photovoltaic panel surface images, air humidity and wind speed;

[0058] A power module, the power module is respectively connected to the transparent electrode 17, the movable electrode plate 20, the xy biaxial movable mechanism and the intelligent monitoring system; the working modes of the power module include a direct current output mode and an alternating current output mode, the alternating current in the alternating current output mode is an alternating current of more than two phases, and two adjacent transparent electrodes are connected to different phases of the alternating current;

[0059] The intelligent control system is connected with the xy dual-axis moving mechanism, the intelligent monitoring system and the power module respectively.

[0060] The electric curtain glass plate in this embodiment includes a PET substrate 21, a transparent electrode 17 of a strip structure, a plurality of transparent electrodes 17, and a plurality of transparent electrodes 17 are arranged on the PET substrate 21 in parallel and at intervals, and a polyester material insulating layer 15 is filled between two adjacent transparent electrodes; the transparent electrode 17 is a transparent ITO electrode. The transparent electrode 17 is connected to a power module, and the circuit switching is realized by adjusting the power module. When a multi-phase alternating current is connected, an alternating traveling wave electric field is formed between the discharge electrodes; when a direct current high voltage is connected, the transparent electrodes 17 can be approximated as a negatively charged plane due to their dense arrangement, so as to realize rapid charging of the particles on the plate surface. When a high-voltage direct current is connected, the power module can also be adjusted to ground a plurality of transparent electrodes 17, and the mobile electrode plate can be positively or negatively charged. The transparent electrode 17 is wet-etched on the PET substrate 21. The thickness of the PET substrate 21 is 1 mm, the thickness of the transparent electrode is 10 μm, the electrode width is 20 μm, the spacing is 0.4 mm, and the insulation thickness of the polyester material is 2 mm to prevent high-voltage breakdown. The moving electrode plate 20 is made of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) transparent conductive glass, the thickness of the moving electrode plate is 2 mm, the moving electrode plate 20 is arranged parallel to the electric curtain glass plate 27, the shape of the moving electrode plate 20 is square, the side length is 20 cm, and the distance between the moving electrode plate 20 and the transparent electrode 17 is 1 to 3 cm. Figure 2 The alternating current adopts a four-phase rectangular traveling wave alternating current. The first four transparent electrodes of the plurality of transparent electrodes 17 arranged at intervals are respectively connected to four different phases of the alternating current, and the subsequent transparent electrodes are cyclically and alternately connected to the power module in accordance with the connection method of the first four transparent electrodes.

[0061] In this embodiment, the voltage range of the power module is 1-10 kV, the frequency is 0-50 Hz, and a voltage regulator 19 is provided in the power module to connect the power supply 18. Adjusting the frequency and circuit arrangement can generate high-voltage direct current or multi-phase alternating current to cope with different use environments. The intelligent monitoring system includes a camera 4, a humidity sensor 5 and an anemometer 3, which are arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel when in use. The camera, humidity sensor and anemometer are electrically connected to the intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system recognizes and processes the image collected by the camera through the Gaussian Laplace operator detection method (LOG).

[0062] The xy biaxial moving mechanism in this embodiment includes a transverse screw rod 2, a longitudinal screw rod 26 and a support frame 10. The transverse screw rod 2 and the longitudinal screw rod 26 are arranged vertically. The transverse screw rod 2 is connected to the first motor 1 through a coupling 13. The transverse screw rod 2 is equipped with a first slider 25 that cooperates with the transverse screw rod for transmission. A first guide rail 9 is provided on the opposite side of the transverse screw rod 2. A first guide rail slider 24 is provided on the first guide rail 9. The first guide rail slider 24 is connected to the first slider 25 through a first moving rod 22. The first moving rod 22 is perpendicular to the first screw rod 2. The longitudinal screw rod 26 is connected to the second motor 1 through a coupling. The machine 27, the longitudinal screw rod 26 is provided with a second slider 7 which cooperates with the longitudinal screw rod for transmission, the longitudinal screw rod 26 is provided with a second guide rail 23 on the opposite side, the second guide rail slider 12 is provided on the second guide rail 23, the second guide rail slider 12 is connected with the second slider 7 through the second moving rod 8, the second moving rod 8 is perpendicular to the longitudinal screw rod 26, the first moving rod 22 and the second moving rod 8 are arranged up and down, the first moving rod 22 is slidably connected with the electrode slider 11, the second moving rod 8 passes through the electrode slider 11 and is slidably connected with the electrode slider 11, and the mobile electrode plate 20 is detachably installed on the electrode slider 11. To reduce friction, a sliding bearing can be installed between the motor slider and the first moving rod and the second moving rod. The intelligent control system realizes the processing and intelligent control of environmental monitoring data through the simplex search algorithm, the single-chip microcomputer controls the relay in the intelligent control system to realize the control of the xy dual-axis moving mechanism, the intelligent monitoring system, the power supply module and each circuit therein, the first and second motor start-stop control and the circuit switching control are all realized by the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer control relay, and the monitoring data and algorithm operation optimization information are all transmitted to the computer to form a database. Based on the simplex search method, the power supply voltage, frequency and waveform can be adjusted according to the wind speed and humidity. For example, 1kV is the lowest gear, which is suitable for working conditions with low humidity, high wind speed and low concentration of particulate matter; 10kV is the highest gear, which is suitable for working conditions with high humidity, low wind speed and high concentration of particulate matter.

[0063] The basic principle of the system involved in the present invention to remove particulate matter is:

[0064] When the transparent electrodes 17 arranged on the electric curtain glass plate 27 are connected to a four-phase traveling wave AC power supply, an electrostatic traveling wave field will be excited. When neutral or charged particles enter the non-uniform electric field, the charge will be redistributed on the surface of the particles, and the positive and negative charges will accumulate on the opposite sides of the particles, generating an electric dipole moment. The particles are affected by the dielectrophoretic force and migrate under the driving force of the electrostatic traveling wave field. At this time, some particles are directly repelled and fall to the ground or continue to float, while other particles fall onto the surface of the electric curtain glass and are further charged by friction with the dielectric layer covering the electrode. Under the action of electric field force, gravity, dielectrophoretic force, etc., they overcome resistance such as adhesion and continue to charge-jump-migrate, and finally detach from the surface of the electric curtain glass plate, thereby achieving electrostatic dust shielding and short-time and efficient self-cleaning of photovoltaic panels.

[0065] The dust particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel are mainly composed of oxides of elements such as Si, Al, and Fe, and have the properties of a conductor. Therefore, they can be "charged" through the transparent electrode 17 on the panel surface. After the high-voltage direct current is passed through, a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the mobile electrode plate 20 and the transparent electrode 17 on the electric curtain glass plate. The particles are taken off by overcoming resistance such as adhesion and liquid capillary force through electrostatic force and dielectrophoretic force. The mobile electrode plate 20 moving parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel can effectively realize efficient charging and cleaning of the panel surface.

[0066] Take the Golmud Desert in Qinghai Province as an example. The climate is hot, windy, dry and low-humidity. The region has a plateau continental arid climate, with an average annual precipitation of 42.8 mm, wind force 3 to 4 all year round, frequent sandstorms and dust weather, which makes photovoltaic panels easy to accumulate dust. According to statistics, if the panels in this area are not cleaned for 30 days, the dust deposition density is 15g / m 2 As a result, the average photovoltaic power generation efficiency is reduced by about 30% throughout the year.

[0067] Adopt the above technical solution and combine with the attached Figure 4 The system control diagram shown can be used to clean photovoltaic panels in the Golmud Gobi Desert area in Qinghai Province.

[0068] When in use, the electric curtain glass plate 27 of the system is installed on the photovoltaic panel 14, so that the PET substrate and the photovoltaic panel are in contact. First, the intelligent monitoring system is started to monitor the humidity, wind speed, and particle deposition conditions of the surrounding environment, and the information is transmitted to the computer database in the form of data for recording. Determine whether the particle concentration exceeds 2g / m 2 , if it does not exceed 2g / m 2 The system controls the power module through a relay to output a four-phase rectangular traveling wave AC to connect the transparent electrode 17, and starts the electrostatic shielding system including the transparent electrode 17 to achieve electrostatic dust shielding and short-time high-efficiency self-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel; if the particle concentration exceeds 2g / m 2 The system controls the power module to output direct current through a relay, and the power frequency is 0 Hz, and starts a high-efficiency dust removal system including a mobile electrode plate 20 and a transparent electrode 17. In the high-efficiency dust removal system, the mobile electrode plate 20 is controlled by an xy biaxial moving mechanism and connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct current output by the power supply 18. The mobile electrode plate 20 uses aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) transparent conductive glass, which can minimize the obstruction of sunlight during the dust removal process. The transparent electrode 17 is connected to the negative electrode of the direct current high voltage output by the power supply 18, and forms a high-voltage electrostatic field with the movable electrode plate above the photovoltaic panel.

[0069] The particles on the photovoltaic panels are mainly composed of oxides of elements such as Si, Al, Fe, etc., which have conductive properties. Water can also enhance the conductivity of the particles. Therefore, when the transparent electrode 17 is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage direct current, the particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be quickly "charged". When the voltage reaches a certain threshold, the particles overcome the resistance of adhesion, liquid capillary force, etc. through electrostatic force and dielectrophoretic force, and jump to the mobile electrode plate 20 above the photovoltaic panel and jump, and finally jump out of the photovoltaic panel, thereby achieving photovoltaic panel cleaning. For particles of 1 to 100 μm, when the particle deposition density is 10 g / m 2 , when the air humidity is 10%, when the external voltage of the high-efficiency dust removal system is 5kV DC, the removal efficiency can reach more than 95%. 2 It only takes 20 seconds to efficiently remove particles on the surface of photovoltaic panels, and it can also efficiently clean fine particles on photovoltaic panels under high-concentration particle conditions.

[0070] After starting the high-efficiency dust removal system, the intelligent control system controls the power module to output high-voltage direct current, including the precise positioning control system of the xy biaxial moving mechanism to control the rapid movement of the mobile electrode plate 20 above the transparent electrode 17, so as to achieve the cleaning of the photovoltaic panel without dead angles. The intelligent control system monitors the humidity, wind speed and particle deposition conditions in real time, and controls the output power of the power module based on the intelligent calculation and processing. When the humidity does not exceed 30%, the liquid capillary force of the particles is small, and the dust can be removed by starting the low-voltage gear of 1 to 4 kV; when the humidity exceeds 30% and the wind speed exceeds 5 m / s, the particles can be removed by wind, so the dust can be removed by starting the low-voltage gear of 5 to 7 kV; when the humidity exceeds 30% and the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s, the particles can be subjected to greater resistance such as adhesion and liquid capillary force, so the dust can be removed by starting the high-voltage gear of 8 to 10 kV. The intelligent control system is in a state of continuous operation. When a system failure occurs and needs to be repaired or other situations require the system to be stopped, the removal program can be selected to stop the operation of the intelligent control system.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention relates to an intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action, which comprises:

[0073] An electric curtain glass plate 27, on which a plurality of mutually disconnected transparent electrodes 17 are arranged;

[0074] An xy biaxial moving mechanism, a moving electrode plate 20 is provided above the electric curtain glass plate, and the moving electrode plate 20 is installed on the xy biaxial moving mechanism, and the xy biaxial moving mechanism is used to control the movement of the moving electrode plate 20 above the electric curtain glass plate;

[0075] Intelligent monitoring system for identifying and processing photovoltaic panel surface images, air humidity and wind speed;

[0076] A power module, the power module is respectively connected to the transparent electrode 17, the movable electrode plate 20, the xy biaxial movable mechanism and the intelligent monitoring system; the working modes of the power module include a direct current output mode and an alternating current output mode, the alternating current in the alternating current output mode is an alternating current of more than two phases, and two adjacent transparent electrodes are connected to different phases of the alternating current;

[0077] The intelligent control system is connected with the xy dual-axis moving mechanism, the intelligent monitoring system and the power module respectively.

[0078] The electric curtain glass plate in this embodiment includes a PET substrate 21, a transparent electrode 17 of a strip structure, a plurality of transparent electrodes 17, and the plurality of transparent electrodes 17 are arranged in parallel and at intervals on the PET substrate 21, and a polyester material insulating layer 15 is filled between two adjacent transparent electrodes; the transparent electrode 17 is a transparent ITO electrode. The transparent electrode 17 is connected to a power module, and the circuit switching is realized by adjusting the power module. When a multi-phase alternating current is connected, an alternating traveling wave electric field is formed between the discharge electrodes; when a DC high voltage is connected, the transparent electrodes 17 can be approximated as a negatively charged plane due to their dense arrangement, so as to realize rapid charging of the particles on the plate surface. When a high voltage DC is connected, the power module can also be adjusted to ground a plurality of transparent electrodes 17, and the mobile electrode plate can be positively or negatively charged. The transparent electrode 17 is wet-etched on the PET substrate 21. The thickness of the PET substrate 21 is 1 mm, the thickness of the transparent electrode is 5 μm, the width of the transparent electrode is 30 μm, the spacing is 0.5 mm, and the insulation thickness of the polyester material is 2 mm to prevent high voltage breakdown. The moving electrode plate 20 is made of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) transparent conductive glass, the thickness of the moving electrode plate is 2 mm, the moving electrode plate 20 is arranged parallel to the electric curtain glass plate 27, and the shape of the moving electrode plate 20 is circular (the moving electrode plate 20 in this embodiment is circular, Figure 1 The diameter is 30 cm, and the distance between the movable electrode plate 20 and the transparent electrode 17 is 1 to 3 cm. The alternating current uses a three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave alternating current. The first three transparent electrodes of the plurality of transparent electrodes 17 arranged at intervals are respectively connected to three different phases of the alternating current, and the subsequent transparent electrodes are sequentially and cyclically connected to a power module (not shown in the figure) in accordance with the connection method of the first three transparent electrodes.

[0079] In this embodiment, the voltage range of the power module is 1-10 kV, the frequency is 0-50 Hz, and a voltage regulator 19 is provided in the power module to connect the power supply 18. Adjusting the frequency and circuit arrangement can generate high-voltage direct current or multi-phase alternating current to cope with different use environments. The intelligent monitoring system includes a camera 4, a humidity sensor 5 and an anemometer 3, which are arranged on the top of the photovoltaic panel when in use. The camera, humidity sensor and anemometer are electrically connected to the intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system recognizes and processes the image collected by the camera through the Gaussian Laplace operator detection method (LOG).

[0080] The xy biaxial moving mechanism in this embodiment includes a transverse screw rod 2, a longitudinal screw rod 26 and a support frame 10. The transverse screw rod 2 and the longitudinal screw rod 26 are arranged vertically. The transverse screw rod 2 is connected to the first motor 1 through a coupling 13. The transverse screw rod 2 is equipped with a first slider 25 that cooperates with the transverse screw rod for transmission. A first guide rail 9 is provided on the opposite side of the transverse screw rod 2. A first guide rail slider 24 is provided on the first guide rail 9. The first guide rail slider 24 is connected to the first slider 25 through a first moving rod 22. The first moving rod 22 is perpendicular to the first screw rod 2. The longitudinal screw rod 26 is connected to the second motor 1 through a coupling. The machine 27, the longitudinal screw rod 26 is provided with a second slider 7 which cooperates with the longitudinal screw rod for transmission, the longitudinal screw rod 26 is provided with a second guide rail 23 on the opposite side, the second guide rail slider 12 is provided on the second guide rail 23, the second guide rail slider 12 is connected with the second slider 7 through the second moving rod 8, the second moving rod 8 is perpendicular to the longitudinal screw rod 26, the first moving rod 22 and the second moving rod 8 are arranged up and down, the first moving rod 22 is slidably connected with the electrode slider 11, the second moving rod 8 passes through the electrode slider 11 and is slidably connected with the electrode slider 11, and the mobile electrode plate 20 is detachably installed on the electrode slider 11. To reduce friction, a sliding bearing can be installed between the motor slider and the first moving rod and the second moving rod. The intelligent control system realizes the processing and intelligent control of environmental monitoring data through the simplex search algorithm, the single-chip microcomputer controls the relay in the intelligent control system to realize the control of the xy dual-axis moving mechanism, the intelligent monitoring system, the power supply module and each circuit therein, the first and second motor start-stop control and the circuit switching control are all realized by the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer control relay, and the monitoring data and algorithm operation optimization information are all transmitted to the computer to form a database. Based on the simplex search method, the power supply voltage, frequency and waveform can be adjusted according to the wind speed and humidity. For example, 1kV is the lowest gear, which is suitable for working conditions with low humidity, high wind speed and low concentration of particulate matter; 10kV is the highest gear, which is suitable for working conditions with high humidity, low wind speed and high concentration of particulate matter.

[0081] The basic principle of the system involved in the present invention to remove particulate matter is:

[0082] When the transparent electrodes 17 arranged on the electric curtain glass plate 27 are connected to a three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave AC power supply, an electrostatic traveling wave field will be excited. When neutral or charged particles enter the non-uniform electric field, the charge will be redistributed on the surface of the particles, and the positive and negative charges will accumulate on the opposite sides of the particles, generating an electric dipole moment. The particles are affected by the dielectrophoretic force and migrate under the drive of the electrostatic traveling wave field. At this time, some particles are directly repelled and fall to the ground or continue to float, while other particles fall onto the surface of the electric curtain glass and are further charged by friction with the dielectric layer covering the electrode. Under the action of electric field force, gravity, dielectrophoretic force, etc., they overcome resistance such as adhesion and continue to charge-jump-migrate, and finally detach from the surface of the electric curtain glass plate, thereby achieving electrostatic dust shielding and short-time and efficient self-cleaning of photovoltaic panels.

[0083] The dust particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel are mainly composed of oxides of elements such as Si, Al, and Fe, and have the properties of a conductor. Therefore, they can be "charged" through the transparent electrode 17 on the panel surface. After the high-voltage direct current is passed through, a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the mobile electrode plate 20 and the transparent electrode 17 on the electric curtain glass plate. The particles are taken off by overcoming resistance such as adhesion and liquid capillary force through electrostatic force and dielectrophoretic force. The mobile electrode plate 20 moving parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel can effectively realize efficient charging and cleaning of the panel surface.

[0084] Take the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic awning of a photovoltaic building in Zhejiang Province as an example. The awning is located on the south facade of the building and has an area of ​​11.6m 2 The region has distinct dry and wet seasons and a humid climate. Due to high air humidity, dust is often in a cohesive state, with a dust accumulation range of approximately 1 to 4 g / m 2 The average dust accumulation in each month of each half month ranges from 1 to 2 g / m 2 However, the viscosity of the deposited particles is high, and ordinary electrostatic shielding systems cannot effectively remove the dust.

[0085] Adopt the above technical solution and combine with the attached Figure 4 The system control diagram shown in the figure can clean the photovoltaic awning. When in use, the electric curtain glass plate 27 of the system is installed on the photovoltaic panel 14, so that the PET substrate and the photovoltaic panel are in contact. First, the intelligent monitoring system is started to monitor the humidity, wind speed and particle deposition of the surrounding environment, and the information is transmitted to the computer database in the form of data for recording. Determine whether the particle concentration exceeds 2g / m 2 , if it does not exceed 2g / m 2 The system controls the power module through a relay to output a three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave AC to connect the transparent electrode 17, and starts the electrostatic shielding system including the transparent electrode 17 to achieve electrostatic dust shielding and short-time high-efficiency self-cleaning of the photovoltaic panel; if the particle concentration exceeds 2g / m 2The system controls the power module to output direct current through a relay, and the power frequency is 0 Hz, and starts a high-efficiency dust removal system including a mobile electrode plate 20 and a transparent electrode 17. In the high-efficiency dust removal system, the mobile electrode plate 20 is controlled by an xy biaxial moving mechanism and connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct current output by the power supply 18. The mobile electrode plate 20 uses aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) transparent conductive glass, which can minimize the obstruction of sunlight during the dust removal process. The transparent electrode 17 is connected to the negative electrode of the direct current high voltage output by the power supply 18, and forms a high-voltage electrostatic field with the movable electrode plate above the photovoltaic panel.

[0086] The particles on the photovoltaic panels are mainly composed of oxides of elements such as Si, Al, Fe, etc., which have conductive properties. Water can also enhance the conductivity of the particles. Therefore, when the transparent electrode 17 is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage direct current, the particles on the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be quickly "charged". When the voltage reaches a certain threshold, the particles overcome the resistance of adhesion, liquid capillary force, etc. through the action of electrostatic force and dielectrophoretic force, and jump to the mobile electrode plate 20 above the photovoltaic panel and jump, and finally jump out of the photovoltaic panel, thereby achieving photovoltaic panel cleaning. For particles of 1 to 100 μm, when the particle deposition density is 10 g / m 2 , when the air humidity is 10%, when the external voltage of the high-efficiency dust removal system is 5kV DC, the removal efficiency can reach more than 95%. 2 It only takes 20 seconds to efficiently remove particles on the surface of photovoltaic panels, and it can also efficiently clean fine particles on photovoltaic panels under high-concentration particle conditions.

[0087] After starting the efficient dust removal system, the intelligent control system controls the power module to output high-voltage direct current, including the precise positioning control system of the xy biaxial moving mechanism to control the rapid movement of the mobile electrode plate 20 above the transparent electrode 17, so as to achieve the cleaning of the photovoltaic panel without dead angles. The intelligent control system monitors the humidity, wind speed and particle deposition conditions in real time, and controls the output power of the power module based on the intelligent calculation and processing. When the humidity does not exceed 30%, the liquid capillary force of the particles is small, and the dust can be removed by starting the low-voltage gear of 1 to 4 kV; when the humidity exceeds 30% and the wind speed exceeds 5 m / s, the particles can be removed by wind, so the dust can be removed by starting the low-voltage gear of 5 to 7 kV; when the humidity exceeds 30% and the wind speed does not exceed 5 m / s, the particles can be subjected to greater resistance such as adhesion and liquid capillary force, so the dust can be removed by starting the high-voltage gear of 8 to 10 kV. The intelligent control system is in a state of continuous operation. When a system failure occurs and needs to be repaired or other situations require the system to be stopped, the program can be selected to stop running.

[0088] In spring and summer, it rains a lot and the humidity is high. In autumn and winter, it rains less and is relatively dry, and the amount of dust deposition is relatively small. Therefore, periodic cleaning can be implemented. For example, in June, from 6 to 16 o'clock, the sun is sufficient during the day, and the humidity is less than 30%. The AC circuit of the transparent electrode 17 can be connected through a relay to start the electrostatic shielding system. The power frequency is 10Hz and the voltage is 3kV. The three-phase sinusoidal current generates an alternating electric field. The particles can be effectively shielded under the action of the electric field force; from 16 o'clock to 6 o'clock the next day, the humidity is greater than 30%, and the high-efficiency dust removal system can be started. In the high-efficiency dust removal system, the upper plate 20 is controlled by the xy two-axis moving mechanism and connected to the positive pole of the DC high voltage output by the power supply 18. The lower plate is connected to the negative pole of the DC high voltage by the transparent electrode 17. The power voltage is 6kV and the frequency is 0Hz. The xy two-axis moving mechanism drives the mobile electrode plate 20 to move back and forth on the surface of the photovoltaic panel once every 1h, and runs for 40s at a time to ensure the effective removal of particles in a high humidity environment.

[0089] Other technologies mentioned in the present invention, such as power supply AC / DC adjustment switching, image recognition processing technology, simplex search algorithm, etc. are all prior art and thus are not described in detail. In addition, the power module, first motor, second motor, relay and single-chip microcomputer model used in the present invention are all conventional technical means mastered by those skilled in the art and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0090] The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent self-cleaning system for photovoltaic panels based on electrostatic action, characterized in that It includes: An electric curtain glass plate, on which a number of independent transparent electrodes are arranged, and a movable electrode plate is provided above the electric curtain glass plate; Intelligent monitoring system for identifying and processing images, air humidity and wind speed above the photovoltaic panels; A moving module, on which the moving electrode plate is mounted, and the moving module is used to drive the moving electrode plate to move above the electric curtain glass plate; A power module, the power module is connected to the transparent electrode, the mobile electrode plate, the intelligent monitoring system and the mobile module respectively, the power module working modes include a direct current output mode and an alternating current output mode, the alternating current in the alternating current output mode is an alternating current with more than two phases, and two adjacent transparent electrodes are connected to different phases of the alternating current; An intelligent control system, which is connected with the intelligent monitoring system, the mobile module and the power module respectively; An insulating layer of polyester material is filled between two adjacent transparent electrodes; Circuit switching is achieved by setting up a power module. When connected to multi-phase alternating current, an alternating traveling wave electric field is formed between the discharge transparent electrodes, thereby realizing daily electrostatic dust shielding and short-time and efficient self-cleaning of the panel surface. When connected to high-voltage direct current, the transparent electrodes can be approximated as negatively charged planes due to their uniform arrangement, thereby realizing rapid charging of particles on the panel surface, and further cleaning the particles in cooperation with the moving electrode plates.

2. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electric curtain glass plate comprises a PET substrate, a transparent electrode is a strip structure, a plurality of transparent electrodes are arranged in parallel and at intervals on the PET substrate, and the transparent electrodes are transparent ITO electrodes.

3. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving module is an xy two-axis moving mechanism, on which the moving electrode plate is mounted, which is used to control the movement of the moving electrode plate above the electric curtain glass plate, and which is electrically connected to the power module and the intelligent control system.

4. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The movable electrode plate is made of aluminum-doped zinc oxide transparent conductive glass, the movable electrode plate is arranged in parallel with the electric curtain glass plate, the thickness of the movable electrode plate is 2-8 mm, the spacing between the movable electrode plate and the transparent electrode on the electric curtain glass plate is 1-3 cm, and the shape of the movable electrode plate is square, rectangular, circular or elliptical; when the shape of the movable electrode plate is square or circular, the side length or diameter of the movable electrode plate is 10-30 cm.

5. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The voltage range of the power module is 1~10kV, the frequency is 0~50 Hz, a voltage regulator is provided inside the power module, and the alternating current adopts four-phase rectangular traveling wave alternating current or three-phase sinusoidal traveling wave alternating current.

6. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thickness of the PET substrate is 0.2-1 mm, the thickness of the transparent electrode is 1-10 μm, the electrode width is 0.3-100 μm, the spacing is 0.1-1 mm, the insulation thickness of the polyester material is 1-2 mm, and the transparent electrode is wet-etched on the PET substrate.

7. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring system comprises a camera, a humidity sensor and an anemometer, which are all electrically connected to an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system recognizes and processes images collected by the camera through a Gaussian Laplace operator detection method.

8. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The xy dual-axis moving mechanism comprises a transverse screw rod, a longitudinal screw rod and a supporting frame, the transverse screw rod and the longitudinal screw rod are arranged vertically, the transverse screw rod is connected with a first motor through a coupling, a first slider which cooperates with the transverse screw rod for transmission is installed on the transverse screw rod, a first guide rail is provided on the opposite side of the transverse screw rod, a first guide rail slider is provided on the first guide rail, the first guide rail slider is connected to the first slider through a first moving rod, and the first moving rod is perpendicular to the first screw rod; the longitudinal screw rod is connected with a second motor through a coupling, a second slider which cooperates with the longitudinal screw rod for transmission is installed on the longitudinal screw rod, a second guide rail is provided on the opposite side of the longitudinal screw rod, a second guide rail slider is provided on the second guide rail, the second guide rail slider is connected to the second slider through a second moving rod, the second moving rod is perpendicular to the longitudinal screw rod, the first moving rod and the second moving rod are arranged up and down, an electrode slider is slidably connected to the first moving rod, the second moving rod passes through the electrode slider and is slidably connected to the electrode slider, and a moving electrode plate is detachably installed on the electrode slider.

9. The photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system realizes environmental monitoring data processing and intelligent control through the simplex search algorithm. The intelligent control system controls the mobile module, intelligent monitoring system, power module and each circuit therein through the single-chip microcomputer control relay. The monitoring data and algorithm operation optimization information are transmitted to the computer to form a database.

10. A photovoltaic panel cleaning method using the photovoltaic panel intelligent self-cleaning system based on electrostatic action according to claim 1, characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) The power module switches to output alternating current, and a non-uniform electric field is generated between the transparent electrodes. When neutral or charged particles enter the non-uniform electric field, the charge will be redistributed on the surface of the particles. The positive and negative charges will accumulate on the opposite sides of the particles to generate an electric dipole moment. The particles are affected by the electrostatic traveling wave field and migrate. Some particles are repelled to the ground, while others fall onto the surface of the electric curtain glass plate. They are further charged by friction with the electric curtain glass plate. Under the action of the electric field force, gravity, and dielectrophoretic force, they overcome adhesion and resistance, and continue to charge, jump, and migrate. Finally, they detach from the surface of the electric curtain glass plate, thereby achieving electrostatic dust shielding and short-term high-efficiency self-cleaning of photovoltaic panels. (2) The power module switches to output direct current, and the transparent electrode forms a negative potential plane to charge the particles. The particles can be further charged after moving and rubbing on the electric curtain glass plate. A high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the moving electrode plate and the transparent electrode on the electric curtain glass plate. The electrostatic force and dielectrophoretic force overcome the resistance of adhesion and liquid capillary force to achieve the take-off of the particles. The moving electrode plate parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel can effectively achieve efficient charging and cleaning of the panel surface.

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