Dual view light emitting direction adjustable display

Abstract

The application relates to the field of display, in particular to a dual-view angle light-emitting direction adjustable display which has the functions of directional modulation of view angle brightness and same direction modulation of diffusion direction. The structure of the application is sequentially arranged from top to bottom as follows: an upper substrate, an upper electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a micro-nano structure layer, a low refractive index connecting layer, a lower electrode layer, a lower substrate, an upper polaroid, a display module, a lower polaroid and a backlight layer; the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer are preferably indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrodes; the traditional display is selected from a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic light-emitting diode display (OLED); the micro-nano structure layer has micro-nano structures on the upper and lower surfaces, wherein the upper surface is a zigzag asymmetric structure, and the lower surface is an isosceles triangle. The gain effect of the application is that the light waves emitted by the display can be mainly concentrated in the view angle of the main and deputy drivers, so that the display quality is improved, and the light-emitting direction of the display can be modulated following the change of the view angle of the viewer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display, specifically to a dual-view adjustable light emission direction display, which has a dual-view adjustable light emission direction function. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, displays using mainstream technologies exhibit low luminous brightness and significant color shift at large off-axis viewing angles. This invention enables directional modulation of viewing angle brightness and also expands the viewing angle, making it applicable to various display fields such as automotive and airborne displays, and achieving significant economic and social benefits.

[0003] With the development of technology and the progress of the times, people's travel has become more convenient, and the use of cars and airplanes is becoming more and more frequent. Correspondingly, the performance of cars and airplanes needs to be improved, and the technological upgrading of in-vehicle / aircraft displays, as a medium tool, is also crucial. In-vehicle displays mainly display vehicle-related data such as speed, fuel level, and braking, as well as the surrounding environmental conditions; aircraft displays, as important human-computer interaction devices, not only display relevant flight data but also affect the pilot's experience of operating the aircraft.

[0004] When a driver's attention is off the road, it creates safety risks. Unclear information displayed on in-vehicle displays adds an extra burden to the driver, exacerbating driving risks. For airborne displays, distracted behavior also poses risks. If pilots could more easily access information, this safety hazard could be significantly mitigated. Current technology presents several problems with conventional displays. Firstly, the further the viewing angle deviates from the main screen, the lower the display quality, making data reading difficult. Secondly, drivers encounter various situations while driving or flying, such as sudden braking and continuous turns. In these situations, both the pilot and co-pilot's perspectives change, and the reduced display quality requires the driver to expend more time and energy to read the information. This can lead to misinterpretation of information, misjudgment of the situation, and incorrect operations, ultimately resulting in serious safety problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to provide a dual-viewpoint adjustable light emission direction display, with the following main functions: (1) concentrating the light waves emitted by the display primarily within the viewing angles of the driver and co-pilot; (2) allowing the light emission direction to change according to the personnel's viewing angle. When the driver manipulates the aircraft / car to make turns or other maneuvers, this technology can adjust the light emission direction of the display according to the user's viewing angle, improving the display quality in the effective viewing angle direction and further ensuring safety. In summary, the technology involved in this patent can ensure the viewing angle brightness of the driver and co-pilot positions in an aircraft / car, facilitating the driver to read relevant data and understand the surrounding environment, thereby providing assurance for driving safety.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] The structure of this invention, from top to bottom, consists of: an upper substrate, an upper electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a micro / nano structure layer, a low refractive index connecting layer, a lower electrode layer, a lower substrate, an upper polarizer, a display module, a lower polarizer, and a backlight layer.

[0008] The upper and lower substrates are made of flexible substrate materials.

[0009] The upper and lower electrode layers are planar transparent electrodes, the electrode material is indium tin oxide (ITO), and the electrode thickness is 0.05–0.15 μm.

[0010] The liquid crystal layer is made of nematic liquid crystal material or blue phase liquid crystal material, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1 to 200 μm, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is in the range of 1.35 to 2.0.

[0011] The micro / nano structure layer is made of isotropic material, and its minimum periodic structure is an irregular hexagon. Micro / nano structures need to be fabricated on both the upper and lower surfaces of the micro / nano structure layer. The micro / nano structure on the upper surface is an asymmetrical triangle, with the two base angles of the triangle being 1° to 45° and 45° to 90°, respectively. The micro / nano structure on the lower surface is a symmetrical isosceles triangle, with the two base angles of the triangle being equal, and the size of the base angles ranging from 1° to 80°.

[0012] The low-refractive-index bonding layer is preferably a low-refractive-index adhesive. The low-refractive-index bonding layer is used to bond the micro / nano structure layer and the lower electrode layer. The refractive index of the low-refractive-index bonding layer is lower than that of the micro / nano structure layer.

[0013] The upper and lower polarizers are iodine-based absorption polarizers, and the transmission axes of the two polarizers are perpendicular to each other.

[0014] The display module includes sub-pixels, liquid crystal material, color filter film, thin-film field-effect transistor driver, and other structures.

[0015] The backlight layer is preferably an LED backlight source.

[0016] Compared to traditional processes, this patented design offers the following advantages: First, it concentrates the display's light waves at the corresponding viewing angles of two viewers, significantly improving image quality and facilitating data reading for drivers / pilots in automotive / aircraft applications. Second, by adjusting the display's viewing angle using an external voltage, it meets the needs of use during special motion states such as turning and braking. It's important to note that when the motion state changes, the external forces experienced by the positive and negative drivers / pilots are in the same direction, resulting in a similar viewing angle shift relative to the automotive / aircraft display. This design can simultaneously track and modulate the viewing angles of both parties, facilitating data reading and further ensuring safety.

[0017] The following description of the accompanying drawings and embodiments is intended to explain the invention in detail, and not to define the scope of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dual-view adjustable light emission direction display proposed in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is an optical path diagram of traditional high-refractive-index liquid crystal and low-refractive-index curing adhesive in the on and off states.

[0020] Figure 3 This is the optical path diagram of the high refractive index liquid crystal material used in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when voltage is applied.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when no voltage is applied.

[0023] Figure 6 This is an optical simulation diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when no voltage is applied.

[0024] Figure 7 This is an optical simulation diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when a voltage is applied.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a normalized brightness comparison curve of the embodiment of the present invention under the on and off states. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings; it should be noted that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not drawn to scale.

[0027] The structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the device includes:

[0028] The structure comprises: upper substrate 1, upper electrode layer 2, liquid crystal layer 3, micro / nano structure layer 4, low refractive index connecting layer 5, lower electrode layer 6, lower substrate 7, upper polarizer 8, display module 9, lower polarizer 10, and backlight layer 11. The upper substrate 1 can be a flexible plastic or resin material substrate. The liquid crystal layer 3 is selected from nematic liquid crystal materials or blue phase liquid crystal materials. Without a driving voltage, the liquid crystal layer 3 is isotropic and does not require molecular orientation treatment on its surface. The liquid crystal layer 3 is filled with rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules. Without a driving voltage, the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules are uniformly distributed. In this example, the ordinary light refractive index no of the liquid crystal layer 3 is 1.6, and the extraordinary light refractive index ne is 1.7. Applying a driving voltage can deflect the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules, thereby changing the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal layer for incident light waves. One side of the UV-curable adhesive in the micro / nano structure layer 4 is bonded to the lower surface of the liquid crystal layer 3, and the other side is bonded to the lower electrode layer 6 through the low refractive index connecting layer 5. The refractive index of the micro / nano structure layer 4 used in this example is 1.4. The lower electrode layer 5 contains a conductive film, and voltage can be applied to the liquid crystal layer 3 through the micro / nano structure layer 4. When the voltage in the liquid crystal layer 3 is greater than the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal material, the liquid crystal molecules are deflected, and the equivalent refractive index in the liquid crystal layer 3 changes. The transmission axes of the upper polarizer 8 and the lower polarizer 10 are perpendicular, and the grid line direction of the micro / nano structure layer 4 is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 8. The display module 8 controls the polarization direction of the incident light. The upper polarizer 8, the lower polarizer 10, and the display module 8 jointly control whether the incident light can be transmitted to the lower substrate 7. The backlight layer 11 is the light source and plays a role in emitting light.

[0029] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the optical path of a traditional high-refractive-index liquid crystal and a low-refractive-index curing adhesive in both on and off states. The triangular structure on the lower side ensures symmetrical light emission from both sides. When no voltage is applied, the refractive index of the micro / nano structure layer 4 is equal to that of the liquid crystal layer 3, and the direction of light propagation remains unchanged. After applying voltage, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer increases, causing refraction on both sides in opposite directions. This situation cannot meet the requirement for pilots / co-pilots to deflect relative to the vehicle / aircraft display in the same direction when the motion state changes; these issues need to be addressed.

[0030] Figure 3 This invention utilizes a high-refractive-index liquid crystal material as its optical path diagram. A beam of perpendicular light is refracted at the lower surface of the isosceles triangle of the micro / nano structure layer 4, splitting into two beams. These two beams then exit through the upper surface of the micro / nano structure layer 4. When a driving voltage is applied, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 3 is relatively small and close to the refractive index of the micro / nano structure layer 4. Therefore, the optical path deflection when the two beams pass through the upper surface of the micro / nano structure layer 4 is relatively small. Figure 3As shown by the dashed line. When no driving voltage is applied, the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 3 is relatively high, and the refractive index difference between it and micro / nano structure layer 4 is large. Therefore, the light path deflection is significant when the emitted light wave passes through the upper surface of micro / nano structure layer 4, such as... Figure 3 As shown by the solid line in the middle.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the principle when voltage is applied in this invention. In the diagram, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the plane of the upper substrate 1. The polarization direction of the light wave after passing through the upper polarizer 8 is perpendicular to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules. The equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 3 is small and close to the refractive index of the micro-nano structure layer 4. The light path deflection angle when the light wave passes through the upper surface of the micro-nano structure layer 4 is small.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention when no voltage is applied. In the diagram, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the gate line direction of the micro-nano structure layer 4. The long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is also parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer 8. The equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 3 is relatively large and the refractive index difference of the micro-nano structure layer 4 is relatively large. When the light waves pass through the upper surface of the micro-nano structure layer 4, the deflection direction of the two light waves is relatively large.

[0033] Figure 6 This is an optical simulation diagram of the vertical viewing angle in the off state according to an embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the voltage is in the off state, the refractive index difference between the liquid crystal layer 3 and the micro-nano structure layer 4 is 0.3, and the brightness of the display reaches its peak at polar angles of -38 degrees and 0 degrees.

[0034] Figure 7 This is an optical simulation diagram of the vertical viewing angle open state according to an embodiment of the present invention. By controlling the voltage, the refractive index difference between the liquid crystal layer 3 and the micro-nano structure layer 4 is about 0.2. At this time, the peak brightness of the display screen shifts to polar angles of -30° and 8°.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a normalized brightness contrast curve plotted from data obtained in the voltage-on and voltage-off states, showing the changes in brightness from -60° to +60° viewing angles. The incident light is in the vertical direction. When the voltage is on, the peak brightness of the display is located at -30° and 8° viewing angles, respectively. After the applied voltage is turned off, the peak brightness of the display changes to -38° and -0° viewing angles. This helps to improve the situation where data reading errors occur due to turning or other actions, thereby ensuring safety.

Claims

1. A dual-view adjustable light emission direction display, characterized in that, The display comprises an upper substrate (1), an upper electrode layer (2), a liquid crystal layer (3), a micro-nano structure layer (4), a low refractive index connection layer (5), a lower electrode layer (6), a lower substrate (7), an upper polarizer (8), a display module (9), a lower polarizer (10), and a backlight layer (11) stacked sequentially. The lower surface of the micro-nano structure layer (4) is provided with a symmetrical isosceles triangular micro-nano structure, which is used to separate the light waves incident on the lower surface into two sub-beams; the upper surface of the micro-nano structure layer (4) is provided with an asymmetrical triangular micro-nano structure. The upper surfaces of the liquid crystal layer (3) and the micro / nano structure layer (4) form a light modulation interface. By adjusting the voltage between the upper electrode layer (2) and the lower electrode layer (6), the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal layer (3) is changed, so that the two sub-beams separated from the lower surface are deflected in the same direction at the light modulation interface, thereby realizing the unidirectional adjustable light emission direction of the dual-view angle. Furthermore, the parameters of the lower surface structure of the micro / nano structure layer (4) are matched with those of the upper surface structure, so that the two sub-beams separated by the lower surface structure can be incident on the same side slope of the upper surface structure, thereby achieving deflection modulation in the same direction with the cooperation of the liquid crystal layer (3).

2. The dual-viewpoint adjustable light emission direction display as described in claim 1, characterized in that the liquid crystal layer (3) is filled with blue phase liquid crystal material or nematic liquid crystal material.

3. A dual-view adjustable light emission direction display as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The micro / nano structure layer (4) is made of isotropic material.

4. A dual-view adjustable light emission direction display as described in claim 1, characterized in that the refractive index of the low refractive index connecting layer (5) is less than the refractive index of the micro / nano structure layer (4).

5. A dual-view adjustable light emission direction display as described in claim 1, characterized in that when no voltage is applied, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (3) is parallel to the gate line direction of the micro / nano structure layer (4) and parallel to the light transmission axis direction of the upper polarizer (8).

6. The dual-view adjustable light emission direction display as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base angles of the symmetrical isosceles triangle structure on the lower surface are 1° to 80°; the two base angles of the asymmetrical triangle structure on the upper surface are 1° to 45° and 45° to 90°, respectively.

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