Organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device and process thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of organic waste catalytic combustion processing device, including pretreatment component, adsorption component, catalytic combustion component, discharge component and communication pipeline group, communication pipeline includes first pipeline, second pipeline, third pipeline, fourth pipeline, fifth pipeline and heat preservation cover, heat preservation cover is covered with adsorption component, heat preservation cover has heat preservation chamber in;Pretreatment component, adsorption component, catalytic combustion component, discharge component are connected by first pipeline, second pipeline, third pipeline, fourth pipeline and fifth pipeline, heat preservation cover can heat preservation and preheating to adsorption component, also provide a kind of organic waste catalytic combustion processing technology, including the following steps: first pretreatment is carried out, then active carbon adsorbs organic matter in waste gas;Heat preservation cover is preheated and heat preservation by hot gas, hot gas is desorbed to active carbon, volatile organic matter, finally catalytic combustion is carried out, and qualified gas is discharged, using the present application desorption speed is fast, to improve catalytic combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, specifically relating to an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device and its process. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, waste gas treatment equipment is generally designed based on two basic principles: adsorption (high efficiency) and catalytic combustion (energy saving), namely the adsorption concentration-catalytic combustion method.

[0003] Adsorption concentration method: Waste gas containing organic matter is drawn by a fan and passes through an activated carbon adsorption layer. The organic matter is adsorbed inside the activated carbon by its unique force, and the clean gas is discharged.

[0004] Catalytic combustion: When the heat source reaches the boiling point of the organic matter, the organic matter volatilizes from the activated carbon and enters the catalytic chamber for catalytic decomposition into water and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. This released heat is then used for desorption in the activated carbon adsorption box. At this point, the heating device completely stops working, and the organic waste gas maintains oxidation and self-combustion in the catalytic combustion chamber. The exhaust gas is regenerated and circulated until the organic matter is completely separated from the activated carbon and decomposed in the catalytic chamber. Thus, the activated carbon is regenerated, and the organic matter is decomposed.

[0005] Existing activated carbon adsorption boxes suffer from high heat loss due to being directly installed in the environment, and heat is easily dissipated. In view of this, this solution was developed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device and process, which reduces heat loss of the adsorption component by setting up an insulation cover to cover the adsorption component, accelerates the desorption and volatilization of organic matter on activated carbon, and increases the overall treatment efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device, comprising a pretreatment component, an adsorption component, a catalytic combustion component, an emission component, and a connecting pipeline group, wherein the connecting pipeline group comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline, a fifth pipeline, and a heat insulation cover, wherein the heat insulation cover covers the adsorption component, and the heat insulation cover has a heat insulation chamber inside;

[0008] Furthermore, the first port of the pretreatment component is connected to the first port of the adsorption component via a first pipeline, the first port of the adsorption component is connected to the first port of the catalytic combustion component via a second pipeline, the second port of the catalytic combustion component is connected to the insulation chamber via a third pipeline; the insulation chamber is connected to the second port of the adsorption component, the second port of the adsorption component is connected to the emission component via a fourth pipeline, and the second port of the catalytic combustion component is connected to the emission component via a fifth pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the catalytic combustion treatment device also includes a control component, which includes a first control group, a second control group, and a third control group. The first control group is used to control the first port of the adsorption component to be connected to the first pipeline or to the second pipeline. The second control component is used to control the second port of the catalytic combustion component to be connected to the heat preservation chamber or to the fifth pipeline. The third control group controls the second port of the adsorption component to be connected to the heat preservation chamber or to the fifth pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the adsorption component is provided with a switching connector at the second inlet. The switching connector is located in the heat preservation chamber. The switching connector has a first conductive chamber and a second conductive chamber. The first conductive chamber is connected to the heat preservation chamber, and the second conductive chamber is connected to the fourth pipeline. The third control group is used to control the first conductive chamber to be connected to the inner cavity of the adsorption component or the fourth pipeline to be connected to the inner cavity of the adsorption component.

[0011] Furthermore, the first and second conductive chambers are spaced apart from each other, and an isolation plate is formed between the first and second conductive chambers. The downward openings of the first and second conductive chambers are semi-circular arc-shaped. The third control group includes a rotating rod, a rotating blocking plate, and a rotating motor. A rotating hole is formed in the middle of the isolation plate, and the rotating rod is located in the rotating hole. The rotating blocking plate is connected to the bottom of the rotating rod. A first gear is provided at the upper end of the rotating rod, and a second gear is provided at the output end of the rotating motor. The first gear and the second gear mesh with each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting pipeline group also includes multiple cooling pipelines, which are spaced apart in the insulation chamber, with their ends connected and their tails connected.

[0013] Furthermore, the catalytic combustion assembly includes a supporting furnace body, a heat exchanger, an electric heating element, and multiple catalytic plates. The supporting furnace body has a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber, which are interconnected. The first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber are distributed sequentially from top to bottom. Multiple catalytic plates are located in the second chamber, and there are gaps between adjacent catalytic plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat exchanger has a first inlet and a first outlet, the side wall of the supporting furnace body has an air inlet connected to the first inlet, the supporting furnace body has an air guiding channel for connecting the first outlet and the air inlet of the third chamber, and the electric heating element is located in the third chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, corresponding sidewalls on both sides of the second chamber are provided with slots, and blocks are provided on both sides of the catalytic plate, with the slots and blocks being adapted to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat exchanger has a baffled channel inside, and the first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the baffled channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the pretreatment component includes a dry filter, the adsorption component includes multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes, and the emission component includes a chimney.

[0018] A catalytic combustion treatment process for organic waste includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Exhaust gas enters the dry filter for filtration;

[0020] S2. The filtered exhaust gas enters the activated carbon adsorption box, where organic matter is adsorbed by the activated carbon. The adsorbed gas is discharged from the chimney. When the activated carbon is saturated.

[0021] S3. The electric heating element heats the air inside the furnace body. The heated air enters the insulation cavity to preheat the activated carbon adsorption box. Then it enters the activated carbon adsorption box. The heated air passes through the activated carbon, causing the organic matter on the activated carbon to volatilize. The volatilized air has the opportunity to enter the second chamber of the furnace body with the air and undergo catalytic combustion through multiple catalytic plates.

[0022] S4. The electric heating element stops operating, and the heat released by the catalytic combustion of organic matter provides heat to the furnace body until the catalytic combustion ends.

[0023] S5. Discharge the water vapor and carbon dioxide after catalytic combustion.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In this invention, an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device is provided with a heat insulation cover over the adsorption component. The heat insulation cover has a heat insulation chamber. Before hot air enters the adsorption component, it fills the heat insulation chamber to preheat the adsorption component. Then, the hot air enters the adsorption component to desorb and volatilize the organic matter on the activated carbon. The hot air circulates between the adsorption component and the catalytic combustion component. The heat insulation cover also prevents heat loss from the adsorption component. This invention also provides an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment process, which has good desorption and volatilization effects and can shorten the overall treatment time.

[0026] 2. The second port above the adsorption component needs to be connected to the insulation chamber and the fourth pipeline. When the second port is connected to the insulation chamber, the second port is not connected to the fourth pipeline, and vice versa. This solution uses a third control group to control the connection between the second port of the adsorption component and the insulation chamber or the fourth pipeline. In the prior art, since there is no insulation cover above the adsorption component, the third control group is generally controlled by a solenoid valve. However, in this solution, due to the presence of the insulation cover, the third control group is controlled by a solenoid valve, which is prone to damage. Therefore, this solution sets a switching connector at the second port of the adsorption component. The switching connector has a first conducting chamber and a second conducting chamber, which are separated by an isolation plate. The first conducting chamber is connected to the insulation chamber, and the second conducting chamber is connected to the fourth pipeline. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the isolation plate, and a rotating blocking plate is located below the rotating rod. By rotating the rotating rod, the rotating blocking plate is driven to block the opening below the first or second conducting chamber, thereby achieving the switching control effect.

[0027] 3. The second chamber of the furnace body has multiple catalytic plates with gaps between them. When gas enters one catalytic plate and is about to enter another, the gas will fill the gap and then pass evenly through the next catalytic plate, thus improving the catalytic combustion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the third switch group in this invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the catalytic combustion assembly in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the catalyst plate in this invention.

[0032] In the diagram, the following components are marked: 1. Pretreatment component; 2. Adsorption component; 3. Catalytic combustion component; 31. Furnace body; 311. Inlet; 312. Outlet; 313. Baffle plate; 314. Gas guide channel; 315. First chamber; 316. Second chamber; 317. Third chamber; 32. Catalytic plate; 321. Clamping block; 322. Support leg; 323. Through hole; 33. Heat exchanger; 331. Baffled channel; 34. Electric heating element; 4. Connecting pipeline group; 41. First pipeline; 42. 43. Second pipeline; 44. Third pipeline; 45. Fourth pipeline; 46. Fifth pipeline; 47. Insulation cover; 48. Insulation chamber; 49. First conducting chamber; 40. Second conducting chamber; 41. Switching connector; 42. Insulation plate; 43. Cooling pipeline; 44. First control group; 5. Second control group; 6. Third control group; 75. Rotating rod; 76. Rotating baffle plate; 77. Rotating motor; 78. Second gear; 79. First gear; 80. Discharge assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for detailed explanation.

[0034] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides an organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device, including a pretreatment component 1, an adsorption component 2, a catalytic combustion component 3, an emission component 8, a connecting pipeline group 4, and a control component.

[0035] The connecting pipe group 4 includes a first pipe 41, a second pipe 42, a third pipe 43, a fourth pipe 44, a fifth pipe 45, multiple cooling pipes 47, and an insulation cover 46. The insulation cover 46 covers the adsorption component 2 and has an insulation chamber 461 inside. The multiple cooling pipes 47 are spaced apart in the insulation chamber 461. The ends of the multiple cooling pipes 47 are connected, and the tails of the multiple cooling pipes 47 are connected. Specifically, the ends of the multiple cooling pipes 47 are connected through a first connecting water pipe, and the tails of the multiple cooling pipes 47 are connected through a second connecting water pipe. Either end of the first connecting water pipe or either end of the second connecting water pipe extends out of the insulation chamber 461.

[0036] The control assembly includes a first control group 5, a second control group 6, and a third control group 7. The first control group 5 is used to control the first port of the adsorption assembly 2 to connect with the first pipeline 41 or the second pipeline 42. The second control group 6 is used to control the second port of the catalytic combustion assembly 3 to connect with the heat preservation chamber 461 or the fifth pipeline 45. The third control group 7 controls the second port of the adsorption assembly 2 to connect with the heat preservation chamber 461 or the fourth pipeline 44.

[0037] The first inlet of the pretreatment component 1 and the first outlet of the adsorption component 2 are connected through the first pipeline 41. The pretreatment component 1 includes a dry filter, which is used to filter larger particles in the exhaust gas. The adsorption component 2 includes multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes, and the first outlet of each of the multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes is connected to the first pipeline 41. The activated carbon adsorption boxes adopt a common model on the market. The first outlet of the adsorption component 2 is connected to the first outlet of the catalytic combustion component 3 through the second pipeline 42. The connection between the first outlet of the adsorption component 2 and the first pipeline 41 or the second pipeline 42 is controlled by the first control group 5, which is a solenoid valve. The second inlet of the adsorption component 2 is located at the upper end of the activated carbon adsorption box. A switching connector is provided at the second inlet of the adsorption component 2. The switching connector is located inside the insulation chamber 461. The switching connector has a first conductive chamber 4611 and a second conductive chamber 4612. The first conductive chamber 4611 is connected to the insulation chamber 461, and the second conductive chamber 4612 is connected to the fourth pipeline 44. The first conductive chamber 4611 and the second conductive chamber 4612 are arranged alternately on the left and right sides, and the first conductive chamber 4611 and the second conductive chamber 4612 are arranged alternately on the left and right sides. An isolation plate 463 is formed between them. The openings of the first conductive chamber 4611 and the second conductive chamber 4612 facing downward are semi-circular arcs. The third control group 7 includes a rotating rod 71, a rotating blocking plate 72 and a rotating motor 73. A rotating hole is formed in the middle of the isolation plate 313, which runs vertically through it. The rotating rod 71 is located in the rotating hole. The rotating blocking plate 72 is connected to the bottom of the rotating rod 71. A first gear 74 is provided at the upper end of the rotating rod 71. A second gear 731 is provided at the output end of the rotating motor 73. The first gear 74 and the second gear 731 mesh with each other.

[0038] The second port on the adsorption component 2 needs to be connected to the insulation chamber 461 and the fourth pipe 44. When the second port is connected to the insulation chamber 461, it is not connected to the fourth pipe 44, and vice versa. This solution uses a third control group 7 to control the connection between the second port of the adsorption component 2 and the insulation chamber 461 or the fourth pipe 44. In the prior art, since there is no insulation cover 46 on the adsorption component 2, the third control group 7 is generally controlled by a solenoid valve. However, in this solution, due to the presence of the insulation cover 46, the third control group 7 is controlled by a solenoid valve, which is prone to damage. Therefore, in this solution, the second port of the adsorption component 2... A switching connector 462 is provided at the port. The switching connector 462 has a first conductive chamber 4611 and a second conductive chamber 4612. The first conductive chamber 4611 and the second conductive chamber 4612 are separated by an isolation plate 463. The first conductive chamber 4611 is connected to the heat preservation chamber 461, and the second conductive chamber 4612 is connected to the fourth pipeline 44. A rotating rod 71 is rotatably connected to the isolation plate 463. A rotating blocking plate 72 is located below the rotating rod 71. By rotating the rotating rod 71, the rotating blocking plate 72 is driven to block the opening below the first conductive chamber 4611 or the second conductive chamber 4612, thereby achieving the switching control effect.

[0039] The catalytic combustion assembly 3 includes a supporting furnace body 31, a heat exchanger 33, an electric heating element 34, and multiple catalytic plates 32. The supporting furnace body 31 has a first chamber 315, a second chamber 316, and a third chamber 317, which are interconnected and arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Multiple catalytic plates 32 are located in the second chamber 316, and each catalytic plate 32 has multiple through holes 323 extending vertically. A ceramic support is formed by coating a 0.13mm α-alumina thin layer and depositing platinum and palladium molecules on the α-alumina thin layer. The catalyst plate 322 has locking blocks 321 on both sides. The locking slots are adapted to the locking blocks 321 to facilitate the replacement and installation of the catalyst plate 32. There is a gap between adjacent catalyst plates 32. Specifically, the bottom surface of the catalyst plate 32 has support legs 322 on both sides. The lower surface of the support legs 322 is in contact with the upper surface of the catalyst plate 32 located below the catalyst plate 32 to prevent damage to the locking blocks 321 and prevent the catalyst plate 32 from falling and damaging the catalyst plate 32 below.

[0040] The heat exchanger 33 has a first inlet and a first outlet. The heat exchanger 33 has an internal baffled channel 331, which connects the first inlet and the first outlet. The side wall of the furnace body 31 has an air inlet 311 (the first port of the catalytic combustion assembly 3), which connects to the first inlet. An air outlet 312 (the second port of the catalytic combustion assembly 3) is formed at the upper end of the furnace body 31. The furnace body 31 has an internal gas guiding channel 314, which connects the first outlet and the air inlet of the third chamber 317. The electric heating element 34 is located in the third chamber 317. The second port of the catalytic combustion assembly 3 is connected to the insulation chamber 461 or to the fifth pipeline 45, and is controlled by a second control group 6, which is a solenoid valve.

[0041] The emission assembly 8 includes a chimney connected to a fourth pipe 44 and a fifth pipe 45 for discharging gases that meet the composite standard.

[0042] A catalytic combustion treatment process for organic waste includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Exhaust gas enters the dry filter for filtration.

[0044] S2. The filtered exhaust gas enters the activated carbon adsorption box, where organic matter is adsorbed by the activated carbon. The adsorbed gas is then discharged from the chimney. Once the activated carbon is saturated, the gas is released.

[0045] S3. The electric heating element 34 heats the air inside the furnace body 31. The heated air enters the insulation cavity to preheat the activated carbon adsorption box. Then it enters the activated carbon adsorption box. The heated air passes through the activated carbon, causing the organic matter on the activated carbon to volatilize. The volatilized matter has the opportunity to enter the second chamber 316 of the furnace body 31 with the air and undergo catalytic combustion through multiple catalytic plates 32.

[0046] S4. The electric heating element 34 stops operating, and the heat released by the catalytic combustion of organic matter provides heat to the furnace body 31 until the catalytic combustion ends.

[0047] S5. Discharge the water vapor and carbon dioxide after catalytic combustion.

[0048] The specific working steps of S1-S5 are as follows: The exhaust gas enters the dry filter for filtration, which filters out the larger diameter particles. The first control group 5 controls the first port of multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes (the first port of adsorption component 2) to connect with the first pipeline 41. The rotating baffle plate 72 of the third control group 7 blocks the first conducting chamber 4611, so that the second port of adsorption component 2 is connected with the fourth pipeline 44. The filtered exhaust gas enters the activated carbon adsorption box. The activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box adsorbs the organic matter in the exhaust gas. The gas after the organic matter is adsorbed is sent to the chimney through the fourth pipeline 44 for discharge until the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box is saturated.

[0049] When the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box is saturated, the first control group 5 connects the first port of multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes (the first port of adsorption component 2) to the second pipeline 42. The second control group 6 connects the second port of the catalytic combustion component 3 to the insulation chamber 461. The rotating baffle 72 of the third control group 7 blocks the second conductive chamber 4612, so that the second port of the adsorption component 2 is connected to the insulation chamber 461. The heat exchanger 33 in the catalytic combustion component 3 heats the air, and then the air is discharged from the outlet 312 formed at the upper end of the furnace body 31 and blown into the insulation chamber by the fan. The hot air fills the insulation chamber for preheating. Then, it enters the activated carbon adsorption box from the second port (the second port of the adsorption component 2) of multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes, and the organic matter on the activated carbon in the activated carbon adsorption box is desorbed by heat. The organic matter desorbed by the hot air volatilizes and enters the air inlet 311 of the supporting furnace body 31 with the hot air. Then it enters the heat exchanger 33, passes through the air guide channel 314, passes through the third chamber 317, and enters the catalytic plate 32 for catalytic combustion. After the catalytic combustion heat release begins, the electric heating element 34 stops working. The temperature is maintained by the heat release of the catalytic combustion of organic matter. The fan continues to work until the organic matter volatilizes and enters the supporting furnace body 31 for complete catalytic combustion.

[0050] After the organic matter is completely burned, the second control group 6 controls the second port of the catalytic combustion component 3 to connect with the fifth pipeline 45, and the burned gas is discharged from the chimney. The cooling pipeline 47 is supplied with cold water to cool the heat preservation chamber 461.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device, characterized in that: It includes a pretreatment component, an adsorption component, a catalytic combustion component, an emission component, and a connecting pipeline group. The connecting pipeline group includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline, a fifth pipeline, and a heat insulation cover. The heat insulation cover covers the adsorption component and has a heat insulation chamber inside. The adsorption component includes multiple activated carbon adsorption boxes. The pretreatment component is connected to the first port of each activated carbon adsorption box via a first pipeline; the first port of the activated carbon adsorption box is connected to the first port of the catalytic combustion component via a second pipeline; the second port of the catalytic combustion component is connected to the insulation chamber via a third pipeline; the insulation chamber is connected to the second port of each activated carbon adsorption box; the second port of the activated carbon adsorption box is connected to the emission component via a fourth pipeline; and the second port of the catalytic combustion component is connected to the emission component via a fifth pipeline. The catalytic combustion treatment device further includes a control component, which includes a first control group, a second control group, and a third control group. The first control group is used to control the first port of the activated carbon adsorption box to connect with the first pipeline or the second pipeline. The second control component is used to control the second port of the catalytic combustion component to connect with the heat preservation chamber or the fifth pipeline. The third control group controls the second port of the activated carbon adsorption box to connect with the heat preservation chamber or the fourth pipeline. The activated carbon adsorption box is provided with a switching connector at the second inlet. The switching connector is located in the heat preservation chamber. The switching connector has a first conductive chamber and a second conductive chamber. The first conductive chamber is connected to the heat preservation chamber, and the second conductive chamber is connected to the fourth pipeline. The third control group is used to control the first conductive chamber to be connected to the inner cavity of the activated carbon adsorption box or the fourth pipeline to be connected to the inner cavity of the activated carbon adsorption box. The first and second conductive chambers are spaced apart from each other, and an isolation plate is formed between the first and second conductive chambers. The downward openings of the first and second conductive chambers are semi-circular arcs. The third control group includes a rotating rod, a rotating blocking plate, and a rotating motor. A rotating hole is formed in the middle of the isolation plate, and the rotating rod is located in the rotating hole. The rotating blocking plate is connected to the bottom of the rotating rod. A first gear is provided at the upper end of the rotating rod, and a second gear is provided at the output end of the rotating motor. The first gear and the second gear mesh with each other. The connecting pipeline group also includes multiple cooling pipelines, which are spaced apart in the insulation chamber. The ends of the multiple cooling pipelines are connected, and the tails of the multiple cooling pipelines are connected.

2. The organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic combustion assembly includes a supporting furnace body, a heat exchanger, an electric heating element, and multiple catalytic plates. The supporting furnace body has a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber, which are interconnected. The first chamber, the second chamber, and the third chamber are distributed sequentially from top to bottom. Multiple catalytic plates are located in the second chamber, and there are gaps between adjacent catalytic plates. The heat exchanger has a first inlet and a first outlet. The side wall of the furnace body has an air inlet connected to the first inlet. The furnace body has an air guiding channel for connecting the first outlet and the air inlet of the third chamber. The electric heating element is located in the third chamber.

3. The organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The corresponding sidewalls on both sides of the second chamber are formed with slots, and the catalytic plate is formed with blocks on both sides, and the slots and blocks are adapted to each other.

4. The organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchanger has a baffled channel inside, and the first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the baffled channel.

5. The organic waste catalytic combustion treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment component includes a dry filter, and the emission component includes a chimney.

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