Two-axial Rotary Cutting Continuous Frozen Soil Excavation Device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device, which includes a soil collection device, a rotary soil excavation device, a spiral soil discharge device, a soil throwing device and a direction adjustment device; the soil collection device includes a cylindrical soil collection frame with an open bottom and a circular fixed plate with a central opening at the top; a soil throwing device is rotatably connected at the central opening of the fixed plate; the rotary soil excavation device includes a rotary frame sleeved outside the soil collection frame and coaxial with the soil collection frame; a rotatable structure is formed by connecting the bottom of the rotary frame and the bottom of the soil collection frame through a slewing bearing; side cutting tool groups are arranged on the side wall of the rotary frame, and bottom cutting tool groups are arranged on the bottom surface of the rotary frame; a spiral soil discharge device is arranged at the center of the rotary frame. This device adopts a rotary frame, with tools arranged at the bottom of the side walls, and an integrated cooperative operation mode of rotary milling, rotary soil discharge and rotary soil throwing, which can perform axial and lateral stable and efficient frozen soil excavation operations, as well as variable-direction soil throwing operations, and realize multi-level and small cutting amount continuous and efficient excavation tasks under frozen soil conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of frozen soil excavation equipment, and particularly to a two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device. Background Art

[0002] War practices have shown that constructing field fortifications such as open-air fortifications and covered fortifications can effectively reduce the destructive effects of enemy weapons, reduce losses of personnel and equipment, and improve the battlefield survival ability of troops. As an important part of constructing field fortifications, the operation efficiency of excavating a flat-bottom pit directly affects the response speed of constructing field fortifications and the timeliness of forming a defense system. Under normal temperature conditions, an excavator or an engineering vehicle equipped with an excavation operation device is usually used to carry out the task of excavating a flat-bottom pit, and the excavation speed of the flat-bottom pit is directly related to the excavation ability of the excavation operation device. However, in the northeastern and western regions of China, the frozen soil period in winter is long, generally 4 - 5 months, and there is also a permafrost layer in mountainous and high-altitude plateau areas. The strength of frozen soil is 10 - 20 times higher than that of non-frozen soil, and the mechanical properties of frozen soil are very complex. Conventional military engineering machinery such as excavators cannot carry out the task of excavating a flat-bottom pit under frozen soil conditions, resulting in great difficulties for troops to carry out the task of constructing field fortifications in frozen soil areas. Existing shield machines for tunneling have large equipment volume, high cost, complex construction procedures, low reuse rate, and require auxiliary of other mechanical equipment, and also cannot meet the needs of fast and mobile diversified frozen soil excavation tasks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mechanical equipment that can efficiently excavate frozen soil under frozen soil conditions to provide an effective means for quickly constructing a field protection system in a specific area during a special time period. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device.

[0004] The innovative point of the purpose of the present invention lies in: adopting a rotating frame, with knives arranged at the bottom of the side walls, and an integrated cooperative operation mode of rotary milling, rotary soil discharge and rotary soil throwing, which can perform axial and lateral stable and efficient frozen soil excavation operations, as well as variable-direction soil throwing operations, and realize multi-level and small cutting amount continuous and efficient excavation tasks under frozen soil conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device includes a soil collection device, a rotary soil excavation device, a spiral soil discharge device, a soil throwing device and a direction adjustment device; the soil collection device includes a cylindrical soil collection frame, the bottom of the soil collection frame is open, and a circular fixing plate with a central opening is arranged at the top; the side wall of the soil collection frame is in a grid shape composed of equally spaced vertical and horizontal ribs; the soil throwing device is rotatably connected at the central opening of the fixing plate; a soil pushing baffle with a semi-circular arc cross-section is arranged in the soil collection frame, the top of the soil pushing baffle is connected to the bottom surface of the fixing plate, and the outer side wall is connected to the inner wall of the soil collection frame;

[0007] The rotary earth-digging device includes a rotary frame sleeved outside the soil-collecting frame and coaxial with the soil-collecting frame; the top of the rotary frame is open, the bottom is a grid formed by equidistant radial ribs and circumferential ribs, and the side wall is a grid formed by equidistant longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs; a slewing bearing is connected between the bottom of the rotary frame and the bottom of the soil-collecting frame to form a rotatable structure; a side cutter group is arranged on the side wall of the rotary frame, and a bottom cutter group is arranged on the bottom surface of the rotary frame; the screw soil discharge device is arranged at the center of the rotary frame, the bottom is connected to the center of the bottom of the rotary frame, the top passes through the soil throwing device and is connected to a driving motor arranged above the soil throwing device, and the earth-pushing baffle is located outside the screw soil discharge device.

[0008] Further, the soil throwing device includes a soil throwing cylinder and soil throwing blades. The soil throwing cylinder includes a cylindrical part rotatably connected to the central opening of the fixing plate and a straight cylinder part communicated with the cylindrical part and opening on a quarter arc surface of the side wall of the cylindrical part; an earth outlet is arranged at the free end of the straight cylinder part, and a sealing plate is also arranged at the top of the cylindrical part; the soil throwing blades are sleeved on the top of the screw soil discharge device and are located inside the cylindrical part, and a rolling bearing is arranged between the screw soil discharge device and the sealing plate.

[0009] Further, the direction adjusting unit includes a hinged bracket arranged on the top surface of the fixing plate and oil cylinder connecting brackets symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinged bracket; the oil cylinder connecting brackets are connected to the control oil cylinder.

[0010] Further, the side cutter group includes side cutter heads arranged on the side wall of the rotary frame and side correction cutter heads arranged at the bottom of the side of the rotary frame; the side cutter heads are symmetrically arranged in a herringbone pattern on the longitudinal reinforcing ribs of the side wall of the rotary frame, and the cutting edges of adjacent side cutter heads overlap longitudinally; the side correction cutter heads are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the rotary frame; the cutting edges of the side cutter heads and the side correction cutter heads face outward.

[0011] Further, the bottom cutter group includes a center cutter head arranged at the center of the bottom of the rotary frame, bottom cutter heads arranged on the radial ribs, and bottom correction cutter heads evenly arranged on the outer peripheral circle of the bottom of the rotary frame. The bottom cutter heads on adjacent radial ribs are arranged in a staggered manner; the cutting edges of the center cutter head and the bottom cutter heads face downward, and the cutting edges of the bottom correction cutter heads face obliquely upward and directly downward.

[0012] Further, the length formed by the axial distribution of the cutting edges of the side cutter group is continuous and greater than the height of the rotary frame.

[0013] Further, the length formed by the radial distribution of the cutting edges of the bottom cutter group is continuous and greater than the diameter of the rotary frame.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] Adopting a rotating frame, with tools arranged at the bottom of the side walls, and an integrated collaborative operation mode of rotary milling, rotary soil discharging and rotary soil throwing, it can carry out axial and lateral stable and efficient frozen soil excavation operations, as well as variable-direction soil throwing operations, realizing multi-level and small cutting volume continuous and efficient excavation tasks under frozen soil conditions.

[0016] The differences between this device and a shield machine are as follows: First, it can not only achieve continuous excavation of a deep hole in one go, but also achieve continuous excavation of slopes, flat-bottom pits, trenches, and catch wells in one go. It has multiple operation functions and does not require other mechanical equipment to cooperate with it during the operation process, and can independently and efficiently complete diverse engineering operation tasks; Second, it has a simple structure, light weight, and low cost, which is convenient for long-distance mobile transportation and maintenance, and has good economy; Third, it adopts an integrated collaborative operation mode of "cutting - soil discharging - soil throwing", and the soil throwing direction can be adjusted, with better operation effects; Fourth, this device is small in size, does not require on-site assembly, is flexible to use, and can be reused. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural view of the bottom tool group.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a left view of the side cutter head.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a right view of the side cutter head.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of excavating a slope.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the axial drilling operation.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral pit excavation operation.

[0025] In the figure: 10 is a soil collecting device, 11 is a soil collecting frame, 12 is a fixing plate, 13 is a soil pushing baffle, 20 is a rotary soil excavating device, 21 is a rotary frame, 22 is a side cutter group, 22.1 is a side cutter head, 22.2 is a side trimming cutter head, 23 is a bottom cutter group, 23.1 is a center cutter head, 23.2 is a bottom cutter head, 23.3 is a bottom trimming cutter head, 30 is a screw soil discharging device, 40 is a soil throwing device, 41 is a soil throwing cylinder, 41.1 is a cylindrical part, 41.2 is a straight cylindrical part, 41.3 is a soil outlet, 41.4 is a sealing plate, 42 is a soil throwing blade, 50 is a direction adjusting device, 51 is a hinged support, 52 is an oil cylinder connecting support, 53 is a control oil cylinder, 60 is a slewing bearing, 70 is a driving motor, 71 is a rolling bearing. Specific embodiments

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The two-axial rotary cutting continuous frozen soil excavation device includes a soil collecting device 10, a rotary soil excavating device 20, a screw soil discharging device 30, a soil throwing device 40 and a direction adjusting device 50; the soil collecting device 10 includes a cylindrical soil collecting frame 11, the bottom of the soil collecting frame 11 is open, and a circular fixing plate 12 with a central opening is arranged at the top; the side wall of the soil collecting frame 11 is a grid formed by equidistant vertical and horizontal ribs; the center opening of the fixing plate 12 is rotatably connected to the soil throwing device 40; a soil pushing baffle 13 with a semi-circular arc cross-section is arranged in the soil collecting frame 11, the top of the soil pushing baffle 13 is connected to the bottom surface of the fixing plate 12, and the outer side wall is connected to the inner wall of the soil collecting frame 11;

[0028] The rotary soil excavating device 20 includes a rotary frame 21 sleeved outside the soil collecting frame 11 and coaxial with the soil collecting frame 11; the top of the rotary frame 21 is open, the bottom is a grid formed by equidistant radial ribs and circumferential ribs, and the side wall is a grid formed by equidistant vertical and horizontal reinforcing ribs; a slewing bearing 60 is connected between the bottom of the rotary frame 21 and the bottom of the soil collecting frame 11 to form a rotatable structure; a side cutter group 22 is arranged on the side wall of the rotary frame 21, and a bottom cutter group 23 is arranged on the bottom surface of the rotary frame 21; the screw soil discharging device 30 is arranged at the center of the rotary frame 21, the bottom is connected to the center of the bottom of the rotary frame 21, and the top passes through the soil throwing device 40 and is connected to a driving motor 70 arranged above the soil throwing device 40, and the soil pushing baffle 13 is located outside the screw soil discharging device 30.

[0029] Further, the soil throwing device 40 includes a soil throwing cylinder 41 and soil throwing blades 42. The soil throwing cylinder 41 includes a cylindrical part 41.1 rotatably connected to the central opening of the fixing plate 12 and a straight cylinder part 41.2 communicating with the cylindrical part 41.1 and opening at a quarter arc surface on the side wall of the cylindrical part 41.1; an earth outlet 41.3 is provided at the free end of the straight cylinder part 41.2, and a sealing plate 41.4 is further provided at the top of the cylindrical part 41.1; the soil throwing blades 42 are sleeved on the top of the spiral soil discharging device 30 and are located inside the cylindrical part 41.1, and a rolling bearing 71 is provided between the spiral soil discharging device 30 and the sealing plate 41.4.

[0030] Further, the spiral soil discharging device 30 is a spiral conveyor rod, which is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0031] Further, the soil throwing blades 42 can be in the form of four identical blades evenly distributed at equal intervals, and the function is to throw the frozen soil brought up by the spiral soil discharging device 30 out of the soil throwing cylinder 41.

[0032] Further, the direction adjusting unit 50 includes a hinge bracket 51 provided on the top surface of the fixing plate 12 and oil cylinder connection brackets 52 symmetrically provided on both sides of the hinge bracket 51; the oil cylinder connection brackets 52 are connected to the control oil cylinder 53.

[0033] Further, the side cutter group 22 includes side cutter heads 22.1 provided on the side wall of the rotating frame 21 and side trimming cutter heads 22.2 provided at the bottom of the side of the rotating frame 21; the side cutter heads 22.1 are symmetrically arranged in a herringbone pattern on the longitudinal reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the rotating frame 21, and the cutting edges of adjacent side cutter heads 22.1 overlap longitudinally; the side trimming cutter heads 22.2 are evenly arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the rotating frame 21; the cutting edges of the side cutter heads 22.1 and the side trimming cutter heads 22.2 face outward, and the provision of the side cutter heads 22.1 and the side trimming cutter heads 22.2 ensures that there are no dead corners when the entire working device operates laterally.

[0034] Further, the bottom cutter group 23 includes a central cutter head 23.1 provided at the center of the bottom of the rotating frame, bottom cutter heads 23.2 provided on the radial ribs, and bottom trimming cutter heads 23.3 evenly provided on the outer peripheral circle of the bottom of the rotating frame 21, and the bottom cutter heads 23.2 on adjacent radial ribs are arranged in a staggered manner; the cutting edges of the central cutter head 23.1 and the bottom cutter heads 23.2 face downward, the cutting edges of the bottom trimming cutter heads 23.3 face obliquely upward and directly downward, and the bottom trimming cutter heads 23.3 can be evenly arranged at equal angles, generally 4 - 8 are provided; such as Figure 4As shown: There are 8 radial ribs, and the bottom cutting heads 23.2 on the 8 radial ribs are distributed in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the center point at the bottom of the rotating frame 21. Of course, the distribution of the bottom cutting heads 23.2 on the radial ribs can also be other staggered arrangements, as long as it is ensured that there are no dead angles during the radial operation of the entire working device, and the length formed by the cutting edges of the bottom tool group 23 in the radial direction is continuous and greater than the diameter of the rotating frame 21.

[0035] Furthermore, the length formed by the cutting edges of the side tool group 22 in the axial direction is continuous and greater than the height of the rotating frame 21.

[0036] Working principle of this device:

[0037] Excavating slope operation: As Figure 6 shown, first, by controlling the oil cylinder 53, the relative positions of the oil cylinder connection bracket 52 and the hinge bracket 51 are changed to ensure that the angle formed by the bottom end face of the rotating frame 21 and the horizontal plane is consistent with the slope angle to be excavated. The driving motor 70 drives the rotating frame 21 to rotate and operate. By controlling the operating speeds of the rotating frame 21 in the horizontal and vertical directions, the side tool group 22 distributed on the rotating frame 21 continuously cuts the frozen soil. The crushed frozen soil after cutting falls into the inside of the soil collection frame 11 through the mesh opening, is conveyed to the soil throwing cylinder 41 by the spiral soil discharging device 30, and under the blocking of the soil pushing baffle 13, it is ensured that the crushed frozen soil inside the soil collection frame 11 will not fall back into the already excavated pit. The rotating soil throwing blade 42 throws the crushed frozen soil out of the soil throwing cylinder 41 under the action of centrifugal force. Before the soil throwing operation, according to the actual situation, the position of the soil outlet 41.3 of the soil throwing cylinder 41 is adjusted to ensure the smoothness of the soil throwing operation.

[0038] Axial drilling operation: As Figure 7 shown, after the excavating slope operation reaches the required excavation depth, the hinge bracket 51 is controlled to rotate by controlling the oil cylinder 53, and the frozen soil cutting, soil discharging, and soil throwing operations are carried out synchronously until the bottom surface of the rotating frame 21 is parallel to the horizontal ground. Then, the axis of the rotating frame 21 is controlled to move downward, and the bottom tool group 23 at the bottom of the rotating frame 21 is relied on to mill the frozen soil layer. The crushed frozen soil falls into the inside of the soil collection frame 11 through the mesh opening, is conveyed to the soil throwing cylinder 41 by the spiral soil discharging device 30, and under the blocking of the soil pushing baffle 13, it is ensured that the crushed frozen soil inside the soil collection frame 11 will not fall back into the already excavated pit. The rotating soil throwing blade 42 throws the crushed frozen soil out of the soil throwing cylinder 41 under the action of centrifugal force. Before the soil throwing operation, according to the actual situation, the position of the soil outlet 41.3 of the soil throwing cylinder 41 is adjusted to ensure the smoothness of the soil throwing operation; when the rotating frame 20 moves to the required excavation depth of the flat-bottom pit, the axial drilling operation is completed.

[0039] Lateral digging operation: As Figure 8As shown, the rotating frame 21 continues to rotate, and at the same time, the forward slow movement of the rotating frame 21 is controlled. The side cutter group 22 on the side wall of the rotating frame 21 moves with the rotating frame 21 to mill the frozen soil in front. The broken frozen soil falls into the soil collecting frame 11 through the mesh opening and is conveyed to the soil throwing cylinder 41 by the spiral soil discharging device 30. Under the blocking of the soil pushing baffle 13, it is ensured that the broken frozen soil inside the soil collecting frame 11 will not fall back into the already excavated pit. The broken frozen soil is thrown out of the soil throwing cylinder 41 by the rotating soil throwing blade 42 under the action of centrifugal force. Before the soil throwing operation, according to the actual situation, the position of the soil outlet 41.3 of the soil throwing cylinder 41 is adjusted to ensure the smoothness of the soil throwing operation. When the rotating frame 21 moves to the length of the flat-bottom pit to be excavated, the lateral pit excavation operation is completed.

[0040] The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device, characterized in that: It includes a soil collecting device (10), a rotary earth-digging device (20), a spiral soil discharging device (30), a soil throwing device (40) and a direction adjusting device (50); The soil collecting device (10) includes a cylindrical soil collecting frame (11), the bottom of the soil collecting frame (11) is open, and a circular fixed plate (12) with a central opening is arranged at the top; the side wall of the soil collecting frame (11) is in a grid shape composed of equidistant vertical and horizontal ribs; the soil throwing device (40) is rotatably connected at the central opening of the fixed plate (12); a soil pushing baffle (13) with a semi-circular arc cross-section is arranged in the soil collecting frame (11), the top of the soil pushing baffle (13) is connected to the bottom surface of the fixed plate (12), and the outer side wall is connected to the inner wall of the soil collecting frame (11); The rotary earth-digging device (20) includes a rotary frame (21) sleeved outside the soil collecting frame (11) and coaxial with the soil collecting frame (11); the top of the rotary frame (21) is open, the bottom is in a grid shape composed of equidistant radial ribs and circumferential ribs, and the side wall is in a grid shape composed of equidistant vertical and horizontal reinforcing ribs; a rotary support (60) is connected between the bottom of the rotary frame (21) and the bottom of the soil collecting frame (11) to form a rotatable structure; a side cutter group (22) is arranged on the side wall of the rotary frame (21), and a bottom cutter group (23) is arranged on the bottom surface of the rotary frame (21); the spiral soil discharging device (30) is arranged at the center of the rotary frame (21), the bottom is connected to the center of the bottom of the rotary frame (21), the top passes through the soil throwing device (40) and is connected to a driving motor (70) arranged above the soil throwing device (40), and the soil pushing baffle (13) is located outside the spiral soil discharging device (30); The soil throwing device (40) includes a soil throwing cylinder (41) and soil throwing blades (42), the soil throwing cylinder (41) includes a cylindrical part (41.1) rotatably connected to the central opening of the fixed plate (12) and a straight cylinder part (41.2) communicated with the cylindrical part (41.1) and opening on a quarter arc surface of the side wall of the cylindrical part (41.1); an earth outlet (41.3) is arranged at the free end of the straight cylinder part (41.2), and a sealing plate (41.4) is also arranged at the top of the cylindrical part (41.1); the soil throwing blades (42) are sleeved on the top of the spiral soil discharging device (30) and are located inside the cylindrical part (41.1), and a rolling bearing (71) is arranged between the spiral soil discharging device (30) and the sealing plate (41.4); The direction adjusting device (50) includes a hinged bracket (51) arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate (12) and oil cylinder connecting brackets (52) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinged bracket (51); the oil cylinder connecting brackets (52) are connected to a control oil cylinder (53); The side cutter group (22) includes side cutter heads (22.1) provided on the side wall of the rotating frame (21) and side trimming cutter heads (22.2) provided at the bottom of the side of the rotating frame (21); the side cutter heads (22.1) are symmetrically arranged in a herringbone pattern on the longitudinal reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the rotating frame (21), and the cutting edges of adjacent side cutter heads (22.1) overlap longitudinally; the side trimming cutter heads (22.2) are evenly arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the rotating frame (21); the cutting edges of the side cutter heads (22.1) and the side trimming cutter heads (22.2) face outwards; The bottom cutter group (23) includes a center cutter head (23.1) provided at the center of the bottom of the rotating frame (21), bottom cutter heads (23.2) provided on the radial ribs, and bottom trimming cutter heads (23.3) evenly provided on the outer peripheral circle of the bottom of the rotating frame (21), and the bottom cutter heads (23.2) on adjacent radial ribs are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. The two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edges of the center cutter head (23.1) and the bottom cutter heads (23.2) face downwards, and the cutting edges of the bottom trimming cutter heads (23.3) face obliquely upwards and directly downwards.

3. The two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device according to claim 2, wherein: The length formed by the axial distribution of the cutting edges of the side cutter group (22) is continuous and greater than the height of the rotating frame (21).

4. The two-axial rotary cutting type continuous frozen soil excavation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length formed by the radial distribution of the cutting edges of the bottom cutter group (23) is continuous and greater than the diameter of the rotating frame (21).

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