Seismic data processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a seismic data processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium. A gather after static correction is obtained, and a multiple wave velocity and a primary wave velocity of the gather are picked up. The gather is dynamically corrected based on the multiple wave velocity, and the gather after dynamic correction is subjected to Radon transformation to attenuate the primary wave. The gather after inverse dynamic correction is calculated based on the multiple wave velocity, to obtain a gather after inverse dynamic correction. The gather after inverse dynamic correction is dynamically corrected based on the primary wave velocity, to obtain a gather after dynamic correction. The gather after dynamic correction is subjected to Radon transformation to attenuate the multiple wave of the gather after dynamic correction, to obtain a second attenuation gather. A multiple wave gather is determined based on the second attenuation gather and the gather after dynamic correction. A multiple wave attenuation gather is obtained based on the gather and the multiple wave gather. The multiple wave attenuation gather is processed by applying frequency wave number domain dip filtering, to obtain a target gather.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil and gas geophysical exploration, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for processing seismic data. Background Technology

[0002] In the processing of terrestrial 3D seismic data, the occurrence of multiple waves affects the resolution of the data on the one hand, and produces tectonic artifacts on the other, which seriously affects the accuracy of seismic data and imaging precision, and increases the difficulty of subsequent interpretation work.

[0003] Utilizing the differences in apparent velocity, dip angle, frequency, and periodicity between primary and secondary waves, current methods for removing multiples mainly include filtering methods (predictive deconvolution, τp transform, Radon transform, etc.) and predictive subtraction methods (SRME free surface multiple prediction suppression, etc.). However, each method has certain drawbacks. Predictive deconvolution is effective for shallow, short-period multiples. The classical Radon transform requires a time difference greater than 30 ms between the primary and multiple waves and accurate primary wave velocity acquisition; otherwise, the removed multiples contain valid information, resulting in leakage of valid signals. Predictive subtraction methods based on wave equation theory can attenuate the effect, but require specifying the layer or range where the multiples are generated; otherwise, it is difficult to obtain ideal results, and these methods have relatively high computational costs, leading to efficiency issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for processing earthquake data.

[0005] This application provides a method for processing seismic data, including:

[0006] Obtain the statically corrected gather and pick up the multiple wave velocities and primary wave velocities of the gather;

[0007] Based on the multiple wave velocities, the gather is dynamically corrected, and the dynamically corrected gather is subjected to Radon transform to attenuate the primary wave, thus obtaining the first attenuated gather.

[0008] Based on the multiple wave velocities, the first attenuation gather is subjected to reaction correction calculation to obtain the reaction correction gather;

[0009] Based on the primary wave velocity, dynamic correction calculations are performed on the reaction correction track set to obtain the dynamic correction track set;

[0010] The dynamic correction gather is subjected to a Radon transform to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamic correction gather, resulting in a second attenuated gather;

[0011] Multiple channel sets are determined based on the second attenuation channel set and the dynamic correction channel set;

[0012] Based on the gather and the multiple gather, a multiple attenuation gather is obtained;

[0013] The target gather is obtained by applying frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to the multiple wave attenuation gather.

[0014] In some embodiments, determining the multiple channel gather based on the second attenuation gather and the dynamic correction gather includes:

[0015] Subtract the dynamic correction gather from the second attenuation gather to obtain the multiple wave gather.

[0016] In some embodiments, determining the multiple attenuation gather based on the gather and the multiple gather includes:

[0017] Subtracting the multiple wave gather from the gather determines the multiple wave attenuation gather.

[0018] In some embodiments, the application of frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to process the multiple wave attenuation gather to obtain the target gather includes:

[0019] The near-channel multiples in the multiple attenuation gather are attenuated by applying frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to obtain the target gather.

[0020] In some embodiments, the gather is a common center point gather or a common reflection point domain gather.

[0021] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0022] Obtain the original Dao collection;

[0023] The original gather is subjected to static correction to obtain the gather.

[0024] In some embodiments, the step of performing a Radon transform on the dynamically corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave and obtain a first attenuated gather includes:

[0025] Determine the dynamic time difference parameters of the Radon transform;

[0026] Applying the Radon transform to perform primary wave attenuation on the dynamically corrected gathers yields the first attenuated gathers.

[0027] This application provides a seismic data processing apparatus, including:

[0028] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the statically corrected gather and pick up the multiple wave velocities and the primary wave velocity of the gather.

[0029] The first Radon transformation module is used to perform dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocity, and to perform Radon transformation on the dynamically corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave, thereby obtaining the first attenuated gather.

[0030] The first reaction correction module is used to perform reaction correction calculation on the first attenuation gather based on the multiple wave velocity to obtain the reaction correction gather.

[0031] The dynamic correction module is used to perform dynamic correction calculations on the reaction correction set based on the primary wave velocity to obtain the dynamic correction set;

[0032] The second Radon transform module is used to perform Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamic correction gather, thereby obtaining a second attenuated gather.

[0033] The first determining module is used to determine the multiple channel set based on the second attenuation channel set and the dynamic correction channel set;

[0034] The second determining module is used to determine the multiple attenuation gather based on the gather and the multiple gather;

[0035] The frequency wavenumber domain tilt filter module is used to process the multiple wave attenuation gather by applying frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to obtain the target gather.

[0036] This application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, performs any of the above-described methods for processing seismic data.

[0037] This application provides a storage medium storing a computer program that can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the seismic data processing method described in any of the above claims.

[0038] This application provides a seismic data processing method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium that combines the advantages of Radon transform processing with frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering. While effectively attenuating multiple waves, it protects the near-path primary wave from being affected, thereby improving computational efficiency and making the obtained target gather results more realistic. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The present application will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a seismic data processing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of another seismic data processing method provided in this application embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of another seismic data processing method provided in this application embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic data processing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts are referred to by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0048] If the application documents contain similar descriptions such as "first, second, third", the following explanation shall be added: In the following description, the terms "first, second, third" are used only to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. It is understood that "first, second, third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0050] To address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a method for processing seismic data. This method is applied to an electronic device, which can be a server and a client. The client can be a desktop computer, tablet computer, laptop computer, workstation, etc. The functions implemented by the seismic data processing method provided in this application can be achieved by the processor of the electronic device calling program code, wherein the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] This application provides a method for processing seismic data. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of a seismic data processing method provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0053] Step S101: Obtain the statically corrected gather and pick up the multiple wave velocities and primary wave velocities of the gather.

[0054] In this embodiment, the gather refers to the raw seismic data collected by sensors during seismic exploration. The gather is obtained directly from the data acquired during seismic exploration, and the raw seismic data is statically corrected to obtain the statically corrected gather. In this embodiment, the gather includes primary waves and multiple waves. The primary wave represents a wave that undergoes one reflection between subsurface interfaces upon arrival at the receiving point from the seismic source. The multiple waves represent waves that undergo multiple reflections or refractions between subsurface interfaces upon arrival at the receiving point (sensor point). The velocity of the primary wave is greater than the velocity of the multiple waves.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, the acquisition of the statically corrected gather can be achieved through input from an input device, such as a keyboard, mouse, or voice input device; input from an external storage device, such as a USB flash drive or hard disk drive; reception via a network, such as the Internet or a local area network; or reading local data.

[0056] In this embodiment, static correction is a crucial step in the imaging processing of seismic exploration data. Its main purpose is to eliminate surface variations, lateral variations in near-surface shallow velocity and thickness within the work area, ensuring that the overlying strata of the target layer meet the requirements of a horizontally homogeneous medium. Static correction can employ methods such as the maximum energy method, generalized linear inversion method, and simulated annealing method.

[0057] In this embodiment, processing the gathered data after static correction makes subsequent processing easier and more accurate. The primary wave velocity and the multiple wave velocity of the primary wave can be extracted from the statically corrected gathered data.

[0058] In this embodiment of the application, the gather is a common center point gather or a common reflection point domain gather.

[0059] Step S102: Perform dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocity, and perform Radon transform on the dynamically corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave, to obtain the first attenuated gather.

[0060] In this embodiment, the gather can be dynamically corrected based on the multiple wave velocity to separate the primary wave and the multiple wave. In this embodiment, the dynamically corrected gather obtained after dynamic correction allows the phase axis of the multiple wave to be leveled, while the phase axis of the primary wave remains curved, which can be approximately represented as a parabola. Thus, the parabola can be used to perform Radon transform to suppress the primary wave. By performing Radon transform, the primary wave is attenuated to obtain a first attenuated gather with multiple waves.

[0061] In this embodiment, the Radon transform is a high-precision Radon transform. After converting the dynamically corrected gather to the Radon domain, a more advanced algorithm is used to process issues such as stage time and Radon parameters, making the energy of the gather's velocity spectrum more focused and concentrated. This reduces spurious frequency phenomena and improves the gather's resolution, thereby better suppressing multiple waves and protecting the effective waves, achieving the goal of high-precision transformation.

[0062] Step S103: Perform reaction correction calculation on the first attenuation gather based on the multiple wave velocities to obtain the reaction correction gather.

[0063] In this embodiment of the application, the first attenuation gather can be subjected to reaction correction based on the multiple wave velocity. Through reaction correction calculation, the multiple waves during the positive correction are returned to the gather, thereby obtaining the reaction correction gather.

[0064] Step S104: Perform dynamic correction calculation on the reaction correction set based on the primary wave velocity to obtain the dynamic correction set.

[0065] In this embodiment, the reaction correction set can be dynamically corrected based on the primary wave velocity to achieve separation of the primary wave and the multiple waves. In this embodiment, after dynamic correction, the dynamic correction set is obtained so that the phase axis of the primary wave can be leveled, while the phase axis of the multiple waves is still curved, which can be approximately represented as a parabola. Thus, the multiple waves can be suppressed by dynamic transformation of the parabola.

[0066] Step S105: Perform a Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamic correction gather, and obtain a second attenuated gather.

[0067] In this embodiment of the application, a second attenuated gather with a primary wave is obtained by performing a Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves.

[0068] In this embodiment, the Radon transform is a high-precision Radon transform. After converting the dynamically corrected gather to the Radon domain, a more advanced algorithm is used to process issues such as stage time and Radon parameters, making the energy of the gather's velocity spectrum more focused and concentrated. This reduces spurious frequency phenomena and improves the gather's resolution, thereby better suppressing multiple waves and protecting the effective waves, achieving the goal of high-precision transformation.

[0069] Step S106: Determine the multiple channel set based on the second attenuation channel set and the dynamic correction channel set.

[0070] In this embodiment of the application, the second attenuation channel set is subtracted from the dynamic correction channel set to obtain the multiple channel set, which includes multiple waves.

[0071] Step S107: Obtain the multiple wave attenuation gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather.

[0072] In this embodiment of the application, the multiple wave attenuation gather is determined by subtracting the multiple wave gather from the gather, and the multiple wave attenuation gather includes the primary wave.

[0073] Step S108: Apply frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to process the multiple wave attenuation gather to obtain the target gather.

[0074] In this embodiment of the application, frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering is applied to attenuate the near-channel multiples in the multiple attenuation gather to obtain the target gather.

[0075] The seismic data processing method provided in this application involves acquiring statically corrected gathers and picking up the multiple wave velocities and primary wave velocities of the gathers; performing dynamic correction on the gathers based on the multiple wave velocities, and then applying a Radon transform to the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the primary waves, resulting in a first attenuated gather; performing a reaction correction calculation on the first attenuated gathers based on the multiple wave velocities, resulting in a reaction-corrected gather; performing a dynamic correction calculation on the reaction-corrected gathers based on the primary wave velocities, resulting in a dynamically corrected gather; applying a Radon transform to the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the multiple waves, resulting in a second attenuated gather; determining the multiple wave gathers based on the second attenuated gathers and the dynamically corrected gathers; obtaining the multiple wave attenuated gathers based on the gathers and the multiple wave gathers; and applying frequency-wavenumber domain dip filtering to process the multiple wave attenuated gathers to obtain the target gather. By combining the Radon transform processing method with the advantages of frequency-wavenumber domain dip filtering, the method effectively attenuates multiple waves while protecting the near-path primary waves from being affected, improving computational efficiency and ensuring a more accurate result for the obtained target gather.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application further provides a method for processing seismic data, the method comprising:

[0078] Step S201: Obtain the original Dao set.

[0079] In this embodiment, the original gather refers to the raw seismic data collected by sensors during seismic exploration, and the original gather is obtained directly from the data acquired during seismic exploration. In this embodiment, the original gather includes primary waves and multiple waves. The primary wave represents a wave that undergoes one reflection between subsurface interfaces upon arrival at the receiving point from the seismic source. The multiple waves represent waves that undergo multiple reflections or refractions between subsurface interfaces upon arrival at the receiving point (sensor point). The velocity of the primary wave is greater than the velocity of the multiple waves.

[0080] In this embodiment of the application, the acquisition of the original data set can be achieved through input from an input device, such as a keyboard, mouse, or voice input device; input from an external storage device, such as a USB flash drive or hard disk drive; reception via a network, such as the Internet or a local area network; or reading local data.

[0081] Step S202: Perform static correction processing on the original gather to obtain the gather.

[0082] In this embodiment, static correction is a crucial step in the imaging processing of seismic exploration data. Its main purpose is to eliminate surface variations, lateral variations in near-surface shallow velocity and thickness within the work area, ensuring that the overlying strata of the target layer meet the requirements of a horizontally homogeneous medium. Static correction can employ methods such as the maximum energy method, generalized linear inversion method, and simulated annealing method.

[0083] Step S203: Perform dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocities.

[0084] In this embodiment, the gather can be dynamically corrected based on the multiple wave velocity to achieve separation of the primary and multiple waves. In this embodiment, the dynamically corrected gather obtained after dynamic correction allows the phase axis of the multiple waves to be leveled, while the phase axis of the primary wave remains curved, which can be approximately represented as a parabola.

[0085] Step S204: Determine the dynamic correction time difference parameters of the Radon transform, and apply the Radon transform to perform primary wave attenuation on the dynamically corrected gather to obtain the first attenuated gather.

[0086] In this embodiment of the application, the user can set the East Time parameter according to the actual situation, so as to use the parabola to perform East Transform to suppress the primary wave, perform East Transform to attenuate the primary wave, and obtain the first attenuation gather with multiple waves.

[0087] In this embodiment, the Radon transform is a high-precision Radon transform. After converting the dynamically corrected gather to the Radon domain, a more advanced algorithm is used to process issues such as stage time and Radon parameters, making the energy of the gather's velocity spectrum more focused and concentrated. This reduces spurious frequency phenomena and improves the gather's resolution, thereby better suppressing multiple waves and protecting the effective waves, achieving the goal of high-precision transformation.

[0088] Step S205: Perform reaction correction calculation on the first attenuation gather based on the multiple wave velocities to obtain the reaction correction gather.

[0089] In this embodiment of the application, the first attenuation gather can be subjected to reaction correction based on the multiple wave velocity. Through reaction correction calculation, the multiple waves during the positive correction are returned to the gather, thereby obtaining the reaction correction gather.

[0090] Step S206: Perform dynamic correction calculation on the reaction correction set based on the primary wave velocity to obtain the dynamic correction set.

[0091] In this embodiment, the reaction correction set can be dynamically corrected based on the primary wave velocity to achieve separation of the primary wave and the multiple waves. In this embodiment, after dynamic correction, the dynamic correction set is obtained so that the phase axis of the primary wave can be leveled, while the phase axis of the multiple waves is still curved, which can be approximately represented as a parabola. Thus, the multiple waves can be suppressed by dynamic transformation of the parabola.

[0092] Step S207: Perform a Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamic correction gather, and obtain a second attenuated gather.

[0093] In this embodiment of the application, a second attenuated gather with a primary wave is obtained by performing a Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves.

[0094] In this embodiment, the Radon transform is a high-precision Radon transform. After converting the dynamically corrected gather to the Radon domain, a more advanced algorithm is used to process issues such as stage time and Radon parameters, making the energy of the gather's velocity spectrum more focused and concentrated. This reduces spurious frequency phenomena and improves the gather's resolution, thereby better suppressing multiple waves and protecting the effective waves, achieving the goal of high-precision transformation.

[0095] Step S208: Determine the multiple channel set based on the second attenuation channel set and the dynamic correction channel set.

[0096] In this embodiment of the application, the second attenuation channel set is subtracted from the dynamic correction channel set to obtain the multiple channel set, which includes multiple waves.

[0097] Step S209: Obtain the multiple wave attenuation gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather.

[0098] In this embodiment of the application, the multiple wave attenuation gather is determined by subtracting the multiple wave gather from the gather, and the multiple wave attenuation gather includes the primary wave.

[0099] Step S210: Apply frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to process the multiple wave attenuation gather to obtain the target gather.

[0100] In this embodiment, frequency-wavenumber domain tilt filtering is applied to attenuate the near-channel multiples in the multiple attenuation gather to obtain the target gather. The target gather includes the primary wave.

[0101] The seismic data processing method provided in this application involves acquiring statically corrected gathers and picking up the multiple wave velocities and primary wave velocities of the gathers; performing dynamic correction on the gathers based on the multiple wave velocities, and then applying a Radon transform to the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the primary waves, resulting in a first attenuated gather; performing a reaction correction calculation on the first attenuated gathers based on the multiple wave velocities, resulting in a reaction-corrected gather; performing a dynamic correction calculation on the reaction-corrected gathers based on the primary wave velocities, resulting in a dynamically corrected gather; applying a Radon transform to the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the multiple waves, resulting in a second attenuated gather; determining the multiple wave gathers based on the second attenuated gathers and the dynamically corrected gathers; obtaining the multiple wave attenuated gathers based on the gathers and the multiple wave gathers; and applying frequency-wavenumber domain dip filtering to process the multiple wave attenuated gathers to obtain the target gather. By combining the Radon transform processing method with the advantages of frequency-wavenumber domain dip filtering, the method effectively attenuates multiple waves while protecting the near-path primary waves from being affected, improving computational efficiency and ensuring a more accurate result for the obtained target gather.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application further provides a method for processing seismic data. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another seismic data processing method provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0104] Step S301, Data preparation: Complete calculations and applications such as pre-stack data static correction, and pick up multiple wave velocities and primary wave.

[0105] Step S302: Apply multiple wave velocities to the gather for dynamic correction, select appropriate dynamic correction time difference parameters, and apply high-precision Radon transform to attenuate the primary wave.

[0106] Step S303: Apply the multiple wave velocity to the gather after the "multiple wave" attenuation for reaction correction calculation, and apply the primary wave velocity for dynamic correction calculation.

[0107] Step S304: Apply the high-precision Radon transform to the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the multiple waves. Subtract the result from the data before applying the Radon transform to obtain the multiple wave gathers.

[0108] Step S305: Subtract the multiple wave gathers from step S304 from the initial input data to obtain the multiple wave attenuation gathers.

[0109] Step S306: Apply FK tilt filtering (or internal tangent) to the gather obtained in step S305 after removing multiples to attenuate the remaining near-path multiples, and obtain the final result.

[0110] The seismic data processing method provided in this application combines the advantages of improved high-precision Radon transform processing method with FK tilt filtering to achieve effective attenuation of multiple waves while maximizing the protection of effective near-path waves. Furthermore, the data-driven Radon transform is used to process multiple waves, making the method simple, effective, and highly efficient.

[0111] Example 4

[0112] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application further provides a method for processing seismic data. Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another seismic data processing method provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0113] Step S401: Obtain the common center point or common reflection point gather.

[0114] In this embodiment, the common midpoint or common reflection point gather (same as the gather in the above embodiments) refers to seismic data collected by sensors during seismic exploration, and the common midpoint or common reflection point gather can be directly obtained from the data acquired during seismic exploration. In this embodiment, the common midpoint or common reflection point gather includes: primary waves and multiple waves. The primary wave represents a wave that undergoes one reflection between subsurface interfaces when it originates from the seismic source and reaches the receiving point (sensor point). The multiple waves represent waves that undergo multiple reflections or refractions between subsurface interfaces when they originate from the seismic source and reach the receiving point (detector point). The velocity of the primary wave is greater than the velocity of the multiple waves.

[0115] In this embodiment of the application, the acquisition of the common center point or common reflection point gather can be achieved through input from an input device, such as a keyboard, mouse, or voice input device; input from an external storage device, such as a USB flash drive or hard disk drive; reception via a network, such as the Internet or a local area network; or reading local data.

[0116] After obtaining the common center point or common reflection point gather, static correction can be performed on the common center point or common reflection point gather.

[0117] Step S402: Apply multiple wave velocity dynamic calibration channels.

[0118] In this embodiment, the gather can be dynamically corrected based on the multiple wave velocity to achieve separation of the primary and multiple waves. In this embodiment, the dynamically corrected gather obtained after dynamic correction allows the phase axis of the multiple waves to be leveled, while the phase axis of the primary wave remains curved, which can be approximately represented as a parabola.

[0119] Step S403: High-precision Radon transform attenuates the primary wave.

[0120] In this embodiment of the application, the user can set the East Time parameter according to the actual situation, so as to use the parabola to perform East Transform to suppress the primary wave, perform East Transform to attenuate the primary wave, and obtain the first attenuation gather with multiple waves.

[0121] In this embodiment, the Radon transform is a high-precision Radon transform. After converting the dynamically corrected gather to the Radon domain, a more advanced algorithm is used to process issues such as stage time and Radon parameters, making the energy of the gather's velocity spectrum more focused and concentrated. This reduces spurious frequency phenomena and improves the gather's resolution, thereby better suppressing multiple waves and protecting the effective waves, achieving the goal of high-precision transformation.

[0122] Step S404: Apply multiple wave velocities for reaction correction.

[0123] In this embodiment of the application, the first attenuation gather can be subjected to reaction correction based on the multiple wave velocity. Through reaction correction calculation, the multiple waves during the positive correction are returned to the gather, thereby obtaining the reaction correction gather.

[0124] Step S405: Apply the primary wave velocity for dynamic correction.

[0125] The reaction correction set can be dynamically corrected based on the primary wave velocity to achieve separation of the primary wave and the multiple waves. In the embodiments of this application, after dynamic correction, the dynamic correction set is obtained so that the phase axis of the primary wave can be leveled, while the phase axis of the multiple waves is still curved, which can be approximately represented as a parabola. Thus, the multiple waves can be suppressed by dynamic transformation of the parabola.

[0126] Step S406: High-precision Radon variation attenuation multiple waves.

[0127] In this embodiment of the application, a second attenuated gather with a primary wave is obtained by performing a Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves.

[0128] In this embodiment, the Radon transform is a high-precision Radon transform. After converting the dynamically corrected gather to the Radon domain, a more advanced algorithm is used to process issues such as stage time and Radon parameters, making the energy of the gather's velocity spectrum more focused and concentrated. This reduces spurious frequency phenomena and improves the gather's resolution, thereby better suppressing multiple waves and protecting the effective waves, achieving the goal of high-precision transformation.

[0129] Step S407: Obtain multiple wave data.

[0130] In this embodiment, the multiple wave data is the same as the multiple wave channel set in the above embodiment. The dynamic correction channel set is subtracted from the second attenuation channel set to obtain the multiple wave channel set, which includes multiple waves.

[0131] Step S408: FK tilt angle filter attenuates residual multiples.

[0132] Frequency-wavenumber domain tilt filtering is applied to attenuate the near-channel multiples in the multiple attenuation gather to obtain the target gather. The target gather includes the primary wave.

[0133] Step S409 yields the final result data.

[0134] The final result data is the same as the target set in the above embodiments.

[0135] The method provided in this application takes into account the characteristics of common land multiples, and improves the classical high-precision Radon transform processing method to avoid the problem of effective signal leakage caused by the inaccuracy of speed, thereby improving the computational efficiency and ensuring the fidelity of the results.

[0136] Example 5

[0137] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this application provides a seismic data processing device. The various modules and units included in the device can be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, they can also be implemented by specific logic circuits. In the implementation process, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor (MPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0138] This application provides an apparatus for processing seismic data. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seismic data processing device provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the seismic data processing device 500 includes:

[0139] The first acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the statically corrected gather and pick up the multiple wave velocities and the primary wave velocity of the gather.

[0140] The first Radon transformation module 502 is used to perform dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocity, and to perform Radon transformation on the dynamically corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave, thereby obtaining the first attenuated gather.

[0141] The first reaction correction module 503 is used to perform reaction correction calculation on the first attenuation gather based on the multiple wave velocity to obtain the reaction correction gather.

[0142] The dynamic correction module 504 is used to perform dynamic correction calculations on the reaction correction set based on the primary wave velocity to obtain the dynamic correction set;

[0143] The second Radon transform module 505 is used to perform Radon transform on the dynamic correction gather to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamic correction gather, thereby obtaining a second attenuated gather.

[0144] The first determining module 506 is used to determine the multiple channel set based on the second attenuation channel set and the dynamic correction channel set;

[0145] The second determining module 507 is used to determine the multiple attenuation channel gather based on the channel gather and the multiple channel gather.

[0146] The frequency wavenumber domain tilt filter module 508 is used to process the multiple wave attenuation gather by applying frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to obtain the target gather.

[0147] The seismic data processing apparatus provided in this application acquires statically corrected gathers and picks up the multiple wave velocities and primary wave velocities of the gathers; performs dynamic correction on the gathers based on the multiple wave velocities, and performs a Radon transform on the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the primary waves, obtaining a first attenuated gather; performs reaction correction calculation on the first attenuated gathers based on the multiple wave velocities, obtaining a reaction-corrected gather; performs dynamic correction calculation on the reaction-corrected gathers based on the primary wave velocities, obtaining a dynamically corrected gather; performs a Radon transform on the dynamically corrected gathers to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamically corrected gathers, obtaining a second attenuated gather; determines the multiple wave gathers based on the second attenuated gathers and the dynamically corrected gathers; obtains the multiple wave attenuated gathers based on the gathers and the multiple wave gathers; and processes the multiple wave attenuated gathers using frequency-wavenumber domain dip filtering to obtain a target gather. By combining the Radon transform processing method with the advantages of frequency-wavenumber domain dip filtering, the apparatus effectively attenuates multiple waves while protecting the near-path primary waves from being affected, improving computational efficiency and resulting in a more accurate target gather.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first determining module includes:

[0149] The first calculation unit is used to subtract the dynamic correction gather from the second attenuation gather to obtain the multiple wave gather.

[0150] In some embodiments, the second determining module includes:

[0151] The second calculation unit is used to subtract the multiple wave gather from the gather to determine the multiple wave attenuation gather.

[0152] In some embodiments, the frequency wavenumber domain tilt filter module includes:

[0153] The frequency wavenumber domain tilt filter unit is used to apply frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to attenuate the near-channel multiples in the multiple attenuation gather to obtain the target gather.

[0154] In some embodiments, the gather is a common center point gather or a common reflection point domain gather.

[0155] In some embodiments, the seismic data processing apparatus 500 further includes:

[0156] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the original collection of data;

[0157] A static correction module is used to perform static correction processing on the original gather to obtain the gather.

[0158] In some embodiments, the first Ladon change module includes:

[0159] The first determining unit is used to determine the dynamic time difference parameters of the Radon transform;

[0160] The Radon transform unit is used to apply the Radon transform to perform primary wave attenuation on the dynamically corrected gathers to obtain the first attenuated gathers.

[0161] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, if the above-mentioned method for determining development parameters is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks. Thus, the embodiments of this application are not limited to any specific hardware and software combination.

[0162] Accordingly, this application provides a storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the seismic data processing method provided in the above embodiments.

[0163] Example 6

[0164] This application provides an electronic device; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 600 includes: a processor 601, at least one communication bus 602, a user interface 603, at least one external communication interface 604, and a memory 605. The communication bus 602 is configured to enable communication between these components. The user interface 603 may include a display screen, and the external communication interface 604 may include standard wired and wireless interfaces. The processor 601 is configured to execute a program for determining development parameters stored in the memory, to implement the steps in the seismic data processing method provided in the above embodiment.

[0165] The descriptions of the above embodiments of the electronic devices and storage media are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and have similar beneficial effects. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the computer devices and storage media of this application, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of this application for understanding.

[0166] The electronic device and storage medium provided in this application embodiment acquire a statically corrected gather and picks up the multiple wave velocity and primary wave velocity of the gather; perform dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocity, and perform a Radon transform on the dynamically corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave, obtaining a first attenuated gather; perform a reaction correction calculation on the first attenuated gather based on the multiple wave velocity to obtain a reaction-corrected gather; perform dynamic correction calculation on the reaction-corrected gather based on the primary wave velocity to obtain a dynamically corrected gather; perform a Radon transform on the dynamically corrected gather to attenuate the multiple waves of the dynamically corrected gather, obtaining a second attenuated gather; determine the multiple wave gather based on the second attenuated gather and the dynamically corrected gather; obtain the multiple wave attenuated gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather; and process the multiple wave attenuated gather using frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering to obtain a target gather. By using the Radon transform processing method combined with the advantages of frequency wavenumber domain tilt filtering, the near-channel primary wave is protected from being affected while effectively attenuating the multiple waves, improving computational efficiency and making the obtained target gather more realistic.

[0167] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence numbers of the above-described processes do not imply a sequential order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. The sequence numbers of the above-described embodiments are merely descriptive and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0168] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0169] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0170] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0171] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0173] Alternatively, if the integrated units described above are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a controller to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0174] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of processing seismic data, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: acquire a static-corrected gather and pick up a multiple wave velocity and a primary wave velocity of the gather; perform a dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocity, perform a Radon transform on the dynamic-corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave, and obtain a first attenuated gather; perform an inverse dynamic correction calculation on the first attenuated gather based on the multiple wave velocity, and obtain an inverse dynamic-corrected gather; perform a dynamic correction calculation on the inverse dynamic-corrected gather based on the primary wave velocity, and obtain a dynamic-corrected gather; perform a Radon transform on the dynamic-corrected gather to attenuate the multiple wave of the dynamic-corrected gather, and obtain a second attenuated gather; determine a multiple wave gather based on the second attenuated gather and the dynamic-corrected gather; obtain a multiple wave attenuated gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather; perform processing on the multiple wave attenuated gather by using a frequency-wavenumber domain dip filter, and obtain a target gather; the step of determining the multiple wave gather based on the second attenuated gather and the dynamic-corrected gather comprises: subtracting the second attenuated gather from the dynamic-corrected gather to obtain the multiple wave gather; the step of determining the multiple wave attenuated gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather comprises: subtracting the multiple wave gather from the gather to determine the multiple wave attenuated gather.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the step of performing processing on the multiple wave attenuated gather by using the frequency-wavenumber domain dip filter to obtain the target gather comprises: performing attenuation on near-trace multiple waves in the multiple wave attenuated gather by using the frequency-wavenumber domain dip filter to obtain the target gather.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The gather is a common center point gather or a common reflection point domain gather.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises the following steps: acquire an original gather; perform a static correction on the original gather to obtain the gather.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, the step of performing a Radon transform on the dynamic-corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave to obtain the first attenuated gather comprises: determine a dynamic correction time difference parameter of the Radon transform; perform primary wave attenuation on the dynamic-corrected gather by using the Radon transform to obtain the first attenuated gather.

6. A processing apparatus of seismic data, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: a first acquisition module is configured to acquire a static-corrected gather and pick up a multiple wave velocity and a primary wave velocity of the gather; a first Radon transform module is configured to perform a dynamic correction on the gather based on the multiple wave velocity, perform a Radon transform on the dynamic-corrected gather to attenuate the primary wave, and obtain a first attenuated gather; a first inverse dynamic correction module is configured to perform an inverse dynamic correction calculation on the first attenuated gather based on the multiple wave velocity, and obtain an inverse dynamic-corrected gather; a dynamic correction module is configured to perform a dynamic correction calculation on the inverse dynamic-corrected gather based on the primary wave velocity, and obtain a dynamic-corrected gather; a second Radon transform module is configured to perform a Radon transform on the dynamic-corrected gather to attenuate the multiple wave of the dynamic-corrected gather, and obtain a second attenuated gather; a first determination module is configured to determine a multiple wave gather based on the second attenuated gather and the dynamic-corrected gather; the step of determining the multiple wave gather based on the second attenuated gather and the dynamic-corrected gather comprises: subtracting the second attenuated gather from the dynamic-corrected gather to obtain the multiple wave gather; a second determining module, configured to determine a multiple wave attenuation gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather; the determination of the multiple wave attenuation gather based on the gather and the multiple wave gather comprises: subtracting the multiple wave gather from the gather to determine the multiple wave attenuation gather; a frequency wave number domain dip filter module, configured to apply frequency wave number domain dip filtering to the multiple wave attenuation gather to obtain a target gather.

7. An electronic device, comprising: The memory and the processor are included, and the memory stores a computer program; the computer program is executed by the processor to execute the seismic data processing method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A storage medium, characterized by The computer program stored in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors, and can be used to implement the seismic data processing method in any one of claims 1 to 5. The computer program stored in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors, and can be used to implement the seismic data processing method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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