A disc filter controlled by differential pressure for backwashing

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of water delivery cleaning techniques, specifically a kind of disc filter according to pressure difference to mechanical control of backwashing, including shell structure, filter core component and mechanical valve control mechanism, the inside hollow of shell structure, the lower portion of shell structure has water supply and drainage pipe group, water supply and drainage pipe group from the lower portion of shell structure into shell structure;Upper and lower parts of shell structure have drainage passage and blowdown passage respectively;Filter core component is set in shell structure, and mechanical valve control mechanism is used to open and close control of drainage passage and blowdown passage.Adopt mechanical valve control mechanism to automatically control the opening and closing of blowdown passage and drainage passage, replace original solenoid valve, on the one hand, in durability aspect can be guaranteed, on the other hand, in precision control aspect is also more accurate;And using mechanical structure control replaces solenoid valve, in manufacturing cost and maintenance cost are superior;Mechanical structure can adapt to complex water environment, and failure rate is lower compared to solenoid valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a water delivery cleaning technology, specifically a disc filter that controls the backwashing mechanism based on pressure differential. Background Technology

[0002] The core technology of disc filters lies in the use of disc filtration mechanism, which combines surface filtration and depth filtration by pressing together grooved plastic discs.

[0003] Water flows into the filter through the inlet. As it passes through the filter discs, the discs are pressed tightly together by spring force, trapping impurities at the disc intersections. When a certain pressure difference is reached, the system's controller changes the inlet and outlet water direction, initiating backwashing. Backwashing in stacked and disc filters is generally controlled manually or by electronic sensors. Valve operation is controlled by monitoring the internal pressure of the filter. However, for industrial and municipal wastewater, the numerous impurities and corrosive components easily damage the electronic sensors. Furthermore, manual control is less costly and precise than automatic control.

[0004] To address this, the present invention proposes a method that automatically determines the severity of filter element clogging based on pressure difference, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet water channels and switching between filtration and backwashing states in real time according to the clogging situation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a disc filter that controls the backwashing mechanism based on pressure difference, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A disc filter that controls backwashing mechanically based on pressure differential includes:

[0008] The outer shell structure is hollow inside, and the lower part of the outer shell structure has a water supply and drainage pipe assembly that extends into the outer shell structure from the lower part; the upper and lower parts of the outer shell structure have drainage channels and sewage channels respectively.

[0009] The filter element assembly is installed inside the housing structure and is used to filter the water that enters the housing structure from the end of the water supply and drainage pipe assembly that extends out of the housing structure, and to discharge the filtered water through the top of the housing structure.

[0010] The mechanical valve control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the drainage channel and the sewage channel, so that the drainage channel is closed and the sewage channel is opened after the water pressure difference in the outer shell structure reaches a preset value.

[0011] The disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference as described above: the outer shell structure includes an upper cover, a lower tank, and a lower end cover; the lower part of the upper cover and the upper part of the lower tank are fixed together, and a sealing ring is provided between them; the lower end cover is fixedly located at the lower part of the lower tank.

[0012] A sewage pipe is installed on one side of the lower end cover, which is connected to the sewage discharge channel. A water outlet is installed on one side of the upper end cover, which is connected to the drainage channel.

[0013] The disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference as described above: The filter element assembly includes a filter cartridge movably disposed inside the housing structure, and multiple filter disc rings stacked on the outer wall of the filter cartridge; the multiple stacked filter disc rings form a filter disc ring group, and multiple water tanks are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the filter cartridge.

[0014] A stop ring is integrally fixed on the inner wall of the lower tank. An arc-shaped groove for water to pass through is opened on the stop ring. An assembly ring is installed on the inner wall of the upper cover. The assembly ring is sealed to the inner wall of the upper cover by a seventh sealing element.

[0015] The assembly ring platform and the filter cartridge are sealed by the eighth sealing element. A compression ring sleeve is also provided between the assembly ring platform and the filter disc ring assembly. The compression ring sleeve is sealed and slidably fitted with the outer wall of the filter cartridge by the sixth sealing element.

[0016] The assembly ring platform and the compression ring sleeve are elastically connected by a spring; in the filter disc ring assembly, one filter disc ring near the lower end of the outer shell structure is attached to the stop ring platform, and one filter disc ring near the upper end of the outer shell structure is attached to the compression ring sleeve.

[0017] The filter disc ring has filter holes along its radial direction. The filter holes are cone-shaped from the inside to the outside and expand from the outside to the inside.

[0018] The disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference as described above: the water supply and drainage pipe assembly includes a lower extension pipe that penetrates the lower part of the outer shell structure, and an inner pipe that is rotatably fitted outside the lower extension pipe;

[0019] The lower part of the lower extension pipe is integrally fixed with a lower flange. The lower flange, the lower end cover, and the lower end of the lower tank are fixed together by flange bolts. A drain port is opened on the inner circumferential side of the lower flange.

[0020] The built-in tube extends into and through the filter cartridge from the bottom. The lower tube has a stepped shape, and the interior of the built-in tube has a stepped cavity that matches the shape of the lower tube.

[0021] As described above, the disc filter with mechanical backwashing control based on pressure difference includes a mechanical valve control mechanism with a core rod extending through the top of the top cover. The upper part of the core rod is sealed to the inner wall of the top of the top cover by a tenth seal. An upper clamp is integrally fixed inside the top of the top cover. The core rod passes through the center of the upper clamp and slides in a sealing fit with it. The core rod also passes through the center of the top of the built-in tube.

[0022] The upper clamp has multiple drain ports on its outer periphery. From top to bottom, the core rod is fixed with a closed plug, a second valve plug, and a first valve plug. The first and second valve plugs are in a sealing sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower extension tube. The lower extension tube has a second through hole and a first through hole. The inner tube has a first drain port and a second drain port that are at the same height as the second and first through holes, respectively. The first valve plug has a connecting port.

[0023] The built-in tube and the filter cartridge are connected by a water inlet. The upper and lower inner walls of the built-in tube and the filter cartridge are sealed by the ninth and fifth sealing elements, respectively. The closed plug is sealed and fitted to the upper outer wall of the built-in tube, and the closed plug has an annular hole.

[0024] As described above, the disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference has multiple radial rods fixed circumferentially at the lower end of the core rod. The radial rods are fixed to the sealing sleeve, and the upper outer wall of the sealing sleeve is sealed and fitted to the lower outer wall of the lower extension tube.

[0025] A through-hole is provided on the lower outer wall of the lower extension tube for the radial rod to pass through and move up and down. The lower part of the sealing sleeve is matched with the drain port on the lower flange.

[0026] As described above, the disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference: the filter cartridge and the inner wall of the top cover are elastically connected by a return spring, the inner wall of the assembly ring platform is provided with a groove along the axial direction, and the outer wall of the filter cartridge is integrally provided with an external protrusion that slides and engages with the groove.

[0027] The mechanical valve control mechanism also includes an energy storage component for rapidly sliding the core rod upward after the water pressure difference inside and outside the filter element assembly increases to a predetermined value; the energy storage component includes an action structure for controlling the rapid up and down sliding of the core rod and a transmission structure for connecting the action structure and the built-in tube;

[0028] A rotating structure is also provided between the built-in tube and the filter cartridge.

[0029] The disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference as described above: The rotating structure includes a spiral channel opened on the upper outer wall of the built-in tube, and a hemispherical opening opened on the upper inner wall of the filter cartridge, with balls rolling and engaging between the hemispherical opening and the spiral channel.

[0030] The disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference as described above: The transmission structure includes a first bevel gear fixed on a section of the outer wall of the inner tube extending from the lower part of the filter cartridge, a transmission shaft passing through the lower tank and rotating in a sealed manner therewith, and a second bevel gear fixed at one end of the transmission shaft and meshing with the first bevel gear.

[0031] A spur gear is fixed at one end of the drive shaft that protrudes from the lower tank body. The spur gear meshes with a spur gear plate, which is fixed to the lower part of the lower translation plate. The lower translation plate is fixed to the upper translation plate by a vertical frame.

[0032] The lower tank has a first guide rod and a second guide rod that are parallel and horizontal to each other fixed on its outer wall. The first guide rod is slidably engaged with the lower translation plate, and the second guide rod is slidably engaged with the upper translation plate.

[0033] The disc filter with backwash mechanical control based on pressure difference as described above: the actuating structure includes an outer sleeve, a push-pull rod that passes through the outer sleeve and slides coaxially with the outer sleeve, and a top frame for fixing the upper end of the push-pull rod and the upper end of the core rod;

[0034] A sleeve is fixed on the outer wall of the lower tank, and the outer sleeve slides onto the sleeve. A flange is integrally fixed on the push-pull rod. The flange slides with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a first compression spring and a second compression spring are respectively installed inside the outer sleeve.

[0035] The lower part of the first compression spring is in contact with the bottom wall of the outer sleeve, and the upper part of the first compression spring is in contact with the lower part of the flange; the lower part of the second compression spring is in contact with the upper part of the flange, and the upper part of the second compression spring is in contact with the top wall of the outer sleeve.

[0036] A lower insert is rotatably provided on one side of the lower end of the push-pull rod, and the lower insert is rolled into a rectangular groove opened on the lower translation plate; an upper insert is rotatably provided on one side of the outer wall of the outer sleeve, and the upper insert is rolled into a slanted groove opened on the upper translation plate.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the use of a mechanical valve control mechanism to automatically control the opening and closing of the sewage and drainage channels, replacing the original solenoid valve, can ensure durability on the one hand, and is more accurate in terms of precision control on the other hand; moreover, the use of mechanical structure control to replace solenoid valve has advantages in manufacturing and maintenance costs; the mechanical structure can adapt to complex water environment and has a lower failure rate than solenoid valve. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the assembled disc filter.

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another angle.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the finished disc filter.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the finished disc filter structure after the connecting frame has been removed.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a single disc filter.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a half-sectioned disc filter.

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0046] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0047] Figure 10 In order to be in Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the partial structure after being disassembled from the outer shell structure.

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the core rod is separated from the lower extension tube.

[0050] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram showing the core rod and water supply / drainage pipe assembly when completely disassembled.

[0051] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the filter element assembly.

[0052] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the internal tube and filter cartridge when disassembled.

[0053] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0054] Figure 17 This is a half-section diagram of a single filter disc ring.

[0055] Figure 18 In order to be in Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure after removing the water supply and drainage pipe assembly and the core rod.

[0056] Figure 19 for Figure 18Enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0057] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission and actuation structures.

[0058] Figure 21 for Figure 20 A magnified view of point G in the middle.

[0059] Figure 22 This is a partial schematic diagram of the action structure.

[0060] Figure 23 In order to be in Figure 22 Based on this, a structural diagram of the outer sleeve after partial dissection and separation from the translational plate is provided.

[0061] In the diagram: 1. Top cover; 2. Lower tank body; 3. External retaining ring; 4. Crossbeam; 5. Connecting frame; 6. Water inlet pipe; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Sewage pipe; 9. First bend; 10. Second bend; 11. Third bend; 12. Lower extension pipe; 13. Lower end cover; 14. Lower flange; 15. Internal pipe; 16. First seal; 17. Second seal; 18. Third seal; 19. Sewage pipe; 20. Core rod; 21. Sealing sleeve; 22. ... Four sealing elements; 23. No. 1 drain port; 24. No. 2 drain port; 25. No. 1 valve plug; 26. No. 2 valve plug; 27. Filter cartridge; 28. Fifth sealing element; 29. ​​Bayonet; 30. Connecting port; 31. No. 1 through hole; 32. No. 2 through hole; 33. Through hole; 34. Radial rod; 35. Drain port; 36. Filter disc ring; 37. Filter hole; 38. Stop ring platform; 39. Compression ring sleeve; 40. Sixth sealing element; 41. Clamping spring; 4 2. Assembly ring; 43. Seventh seal; 44. Return spring; 45. Water tank; 46. Water outlet; 47. Upper clamp; 48. Leak; 49. Outlet; 50. Closing plug; 51. Spiral groove; 52. Ball bearing; 53. Hemispherical opening; 54. Outer protrusion; 55. Recess; 56. First bevel gear; 57. Second bevel gear; 58. Drive shaft; 59. Spur gear; 60. Inner bracket; 61. Spur gear plate; 62. Lower lateral plate ; 63. First guide rod; 64. Vertical frame; 65. Upper horizontal plate; 66. Second guide rod; 67. Push-pull rod; 68. Outer sleeve; 69. Side frame; 70. Sheath; 71. Lower embedded post; 72. Rectangular groove; 73. Upper embedded post; 74. Inclined groove; 75. Top frame; 76. Flange; 77. First compression spring; 78. Second compression spring; 79. Eighth seal; 80. Sealing ring; 81. Ninth seal; 82. Tenth seal; 83. Ring hole. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0063] Please see Figures 1 to 23 As an embodiment of the present invention, the disc filter with backwashing mechanical control based on pressure difference includes:

[0064] The outer shell structure is hollow inside, and the lower part of the outer shell structure has a water supply and drainage pipe assembly that extends into the outer shell structure from the lower part. The upper and lower parts of the outer shell structure have drainage channels and sewage channels, respectively. Specifically, the sewage channel is located between the water supply and drainage pipe assembly and the lower inner wall of the outer shell structure.

[0065] A filter element assembly is disposed within the housing structure and is used to filter water that enters the housing structure from one end of the water supply and drainage pipe assembly extending out of the housing structure, and to discharge the filtered water through the top of the housing structure.

[0066] A mechanical valve control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the drainage channel and the sewage channel, so that the drainage channel is closed and the sewage channel is opened after the water pressure difference in the outer shell structure reaches a preset value.

[0067] This invention employs a mechanical valve control mechanism to automatically control the opening and closing of the sewage and drainage channels, replacing the original solenoid valves. This ensures durability and provides more accurate control. Furthermore, the mechanical structure offers advantages in both manufacturing and maintenance costs compared to solenoid valves. The mechanical structure can adapt to complex water environments and has a lower failure rate than solenoid valves.

[0068] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figure 5 The outer shell structure includes an upper cover 1, a lower tank body 2, and a lower end cover 13; the lower part of the upper cover 1 and the upper part of the lower tank body 2 are fixed together, and a sealing ring 80 is provided between them; the lower end cover 13 is fixedly disposed at the lower part of the lower tank body 2.

[0069] A sewage pipe 19 is provided on one side of the lower end cover 13, and the sewage pipe 19 is connected to the sewage discharge channel. A water outlet 49 is provided on one side of the upper cover 1, and the water outlet 49 is connected to the drainage channel.

[0070] During normal filtration, the drain channel is closed, and the water enters the outer shell structure through the water supply and drainage pipe assembly, remaining outside the filter element assembly. Inside the outer shell structure, the water flows from the outside of the filter element assembly into its interior, where it is filtered. The filtered water is then discharged through the drain channel. As the amount of impurities adhering to the filter element assembly increases, the cross-sectional area for water flow between the inside and outside of the assembly decreases, leading to a reduction in the water's flow velocity. Meanwhile, water outside the filter element assembly accumulates as it is continuously pumped into the outer shell structure through the water supply and drainage pipe assembly, increasing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly. When this pressure difference reaches a predetermined value, the mechanical valve control mechanism closes the drain channel and opens the drain channel. Simultaneously, the mechanical valve control mechanism changes the pumping direction of the water supply and drainage pipe assembly, allowing the water pumped in to enter the filter element assembly. The water then flows from the inside to the outside of the filter element assembly, backwashing the impurities adhering to its exterior. The resulting wastewater, containing a large amount of impurities, is discharged through the drain channel.

[0071] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 14 The filter cartridge assembly includes a filter cartridge 27 movably disposed inside the outer shell structure, and a plurality of filter disc rings 36 stacked on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 27; the plurality of stacked filter disc rings 36 form a filter disc ring group, and a plurality of water tanks 45 are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 27.

[0072] A stop ring platform 38 is integrally fixed on the inner wall of the lower tank 2. An arc-shaped groove for water to pass through is opened on the stop ring platform 38. An assembly ring platform 42 is installed on the inner wall of the upper cover 1. The assembly ring platform 42 and the inner wall of the upper cover 1 are sealed by a seventh sealing element 43.

[0073] The assembly ring platform 42 and the filter cartridge 27 are sealed by an eighth sealing element 79. A compression ring sleeve 39 is also provided between the assembly ring platform 42 and the filter disc ring group. The compression ring sleeve 39 is sealed and slidably engaged with the outer wall of the filter cartridge 27 by a sixth sealing element 40.

[0074] The assembly ring platform 42 and the compression ring sleeve 39 are elastically connected by a clamping spring 41; in the filter disc ring assembly, a filter disc ring 36 near the lower end of the outer shell structure is attached to the stop ring platform 38, and a filter disc ring 36 near the upper end of the outer shell structure is attached to the compression ring sleeve 39.

[0075] Please see Figure 17The filter disc ring 36 has filter holes 37 along its radial direction. The filter holes 37 are conical from the inside to the outside and expand from the outside to the inside.

[0076] Since the assembly ring 42 is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cover 1, and the stop ring 38 is integrally fixed on the inner wall of the lower tank 2, under normal filtration conditions, the clamping spring 41 can keep the multiple filter disc rings 36 between the compression ring 39 and the stop ring 38 tightly fitted together, and there are no seepage gaps between two adjacent filter disc rings 36; ensuring that the water outside the filter element assembly can only enter the filter element assembly through the filter hole 37, and after being filtered by the filter hole 37, it enters the filter cartridge 27 through the water tank 45;

[0077] Conversely, during backwashing, the water in the filter cartridge 27 flows outward through the water tank 45 and the filter hole 37. Because the filter hole 37 expands from the outside to the inside in a conical shape, the pressure of the backwash water can squeeze the inner conical surface of the filter hole 37, causing the multiple filter disc rings 36 to overcome the elastic force of the sticking spring 41 and separate from each other, which is conducive to the discharge of impurities attached to the outer end of the filter hole 37.

[0078] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figures 6 to 14 The water supply and drainage pipe assembly includes a lower extension pipe 12 that penetrates the lower part of the outer shell structure at its lower end, and an inner pipe 15 that is rotatably fitted outside the lower extension pipe 12;

[0079] The lower part of the lower extension pipe 12 is integrally fixed with a lower flange 14. The lower flange 14, the lower end cover 13, and the lower end of the lower tank body 2 are fixed together by flange bolts. The lower flange 14 has three drain ports 35 on its inner circumferential side, which are divided into three equal parts.

[0080] The lower end cover 13 and the lower flange 14 are sealed by a second sealing element 17, and the lower flange 14 and the lower end of the lower tank body 2 are sealed by a third sealing element 18; the built-in tube 15 is completely inside the outer shell structure, the upper part of the lower extension tube 12 is completely inside the built-in tube 15, and the built-in tube 15 extends from the lower part of the filter cartridge 27 into the filter cartridge 27 and passes through the filter cartridge 27.

[0081] The lower extension tube 12 has a stepped shape, and the interior of the inner tube 15 has a stepped cavity that matches the shape of the lower extension tube 12, so that the inner tube 15 and the lower extension tube 12 can only rotate relative to each other and cannot move relative to each other in the axial direction; the lower part of the inner tube 15 is sealed to the outer wall of the lower extension tube 12 by a fourth seal 22, and the outer wall of the lower extension tube 12 is sealed to the lower inner wall of the lower end cap 13 by a first seal 16.

[0082] Furthermore, because the lower flange 14, the lower end cover 13, and the lower end of the lower tank body 2 are fixed together by flange bolts, the lower extension pipe 12 cannot rotate or move, causing the inner pipe 15 to rotate only.

[0083] Under normal filtration conditions, the water enters the outer shell structure through the lower extension pipe 12, is filtered by the filter disc ring assembly, and then enters the filter cartridge 27. From the filter cartridge 27, the water enters the upper part of the internal pipe 15 and is finally discharged through the drainage channel.

[0084] During backwashing, the water enters the filter cartridge 27 through the lower extension pipe 12 and then flows into the outer shell structure to rinse the filter disc ring assembly, causing the deposits attached to the outer periphery of the filter disc ring assembly to detach from the filter disc ring assembly and finally be discharged through the sewage pipe 19.

[0085] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figures 6 to 13 The mechanical valve control mechanism includes a core rod 20 extending through the top of the upper cover 1. The upper part of the core rod 20 is sealed to the inner wall of the top of the upper cover 1 by a tenth sealing member 82. An upper clamping member 47 is integrally fixedly provided inside the upper part of the upper cover 1. The core rod 20 passes through the center of the upper clamping member 47 and slides in a sealed manner with it. The core rod 20 also passes through the center of the top of the built-in tube 15.

[0086] The outer periphery of the upper clamp 47 is provided with multiple drain ports 48. The core rod 20 is fixed with a closed plug 50, a second valve plug 26, and a first valve plug 25 from top to bottom. The first valve plug 25 and the second valve plug 26 are both sealed and slidably fitted with the inner wall of the lower extension tube 12. The lower extension tube 12 is provided with a second through hole 32 and a first through hole 31. The inner tube 15 is provided with a first drain port 23 and a second drain port 24 that are at the same height as the second through hole 32 and the first through hole 31 and correspond to them respectively. The first valve plug 25 is provided with a connecting port 30.

[0087] The built-in tube 15 is connected to the filter cartridge 27 through the water inlet 46. The upper and lower inner walls of the built-in tube 15 and the filter cartridge 27 are sealed by the ninth sealing element 81 and the fifth sealing element 28 respectively. The closed plug 50 is sealed and fitted to the upper outer wall of the built-in tube 15, and the closed plug 50 is provided with an annular hole 83.

[0088] Note that the No. 1 outlet 23 and the No. 2 outlet 24 are opened along the circumference of the internal tube 15, and the opening arc is slightly greater than 90°. The bottom of the filter cylinder 27 is provided with a through hole for the internal tube 15 to pass through. A bayonet 29 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole, and the fifth sealing element 28 is provided in the bayonet 29.

[0089] In the filtration state, valve plug 25 and through hole 32 are misaligned (not at the same height), and valve plug 26 corresponds to through hole 31.

[0090] Therefore, when the water enters the lower extension pipe 12 under filtration conditions, the first through hole 31 is blocked by the second valve plug 26, which corresponds to the first through hole 31, while the first valve plug 25 is misaligned with the second through hole 32. Thus, the water in the lower extension pipe 12 passes through the second through hole 32 and is discharged through the first drain port 23, entering the outer shell structure. The water in the outer shell structure is filtered through the filter holes 37 on the filter disc ring assembly and then enters the filter cartridge 27 through the water tank 45. The water in the filter cartridge 27 enters the internal pipe 15 through the water outlet 46. The water entering the internal pipe 15 flows out through the ring hole 83 from the gap between the upper edge of the internal pipe 15 and the upper retainer 47, and finally flows into the drainage channel through the drain port 48 and is discharged through the outlet 49.

[0091] When the water pressure differential increases to a predetermined value, the core rod 20 slides upward to enter the backwashing state. The core rod 20 drives the closed plug 50, the second valve plug 26, and the first valve plug 25 to slide upward. The sliding of the closed plug 50 blocks the gap between the upper edge of the internal tube 15 and the upper clamp 47, preventing the water in the internal tube 15 from flowing to the drainage channel through the drain port 48, that is, no more water is discharged from the outlet 49. The sliding of the second valve plug 26 blocks the second through hole 32, preventing the water in the lower extension tube 12 from being discharged through the first drain port 23. However, the sliding of the first valve plug 25 opens the first through hole 31.

[0092] At this time, the water in the lower extension pipe 12 is discharged into the filter cartridge 27 through the connecting port 30, the first through hole 31, and the second drain port 24.

[0093] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figures 9-13 The lower end of the core rod 20 is circumferentially fixed with a plurality of radial rods 34, the radial rods 34 being fixed to the sealing sleeve 21, and the upper outer wall of the sealing sleeve 21 being sealed and fitted to the lower outer wall of the lower extension tube 12.

[0094] A through-hole 33 is provided on the lower outer wall of the lower extension tube 12 for the radial rod 34 to pass through and move up and down. The lower part of the sealing sleeve 21 is matched with the drain port 35 on the lower flange 14.

[0095] In the filtration state, the lower part of the sealing sleeve 21 is sealed and fitted to the lower flange 14. At this time, the lower part of the sealing sleeve 21 completely seals the drain port 35 on the lower flange 14, causing the water inside the shell structure to be unable to be discharged through the drain channel between the outer wall of the lower extension pipe 12 and the lower inner wall of the shell structure.

[0096] When the core rod 20 slides up into the backwashing state, the core rod 20 drives the sealing sleeve 21 to slide up through the radial rod 34, causing the lower part of the sealing sleeve 21 to separate from the lower flange 14. At this time, the drain port 35 is opened, and the water in the outer shell structure is discharged through the drain channel and the sewage pipe 19.

[0097] Because the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 21 is always sealed and fitted to the outer wall of the lower extension tube 12, the water in the lower extension tube 12 will not overflow from the opening 33.

[0098] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figure 7 , Figure 10 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 ,as well as Figure 16 The filter cartridge 27 and the inner wall of the upper cover 1 are elastically connected by a return spring 44. The inner wall of the assembly ring platform 42 is provided with a groove 55 along the axial direction. The outer wall of the filter cartridge 27 is integrally provided with an outer protrusion 54 that slides with the groove 55.

[0099] The return spring 44 ensures that the filter cartridge 27 always has an elastic tendency to move downwards; and the combination of the outer protrusion 54 and the recess 55 can constrain the downward stroke of the filter cartridge 27 on the one hand, and prevent the filter cartridge 27 from rotating on the other hand.

[0100] The mechanical valve control mechanism also includes an energy storage component for driving the core rod 20 to slide rapidly upward after the water pressure difference inside and outside the filter element assembly increases to a predetermined value; the energy storage component includes an action structure for controlling the rapid up and down sliding of the core rod 20 and a transmission structure for connecting the action structure and the built-in tube 15;

[0101] A rotating structure is also provided between the built-in tube 15 and the filter cartridge 27.

[0102] In the filtration state, as the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly increases, the increase in water volume in the outer shell structure will push the filter cartridge 27 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 44 and move upward to make room for more water to reduce pressure. During the upward movement of the filter cartridge 27, the internal tube 15 is rotated by the rotating structure. When the internal tube 15 rotates, the transmission structure drives the action structure to store energy so that when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly increases to a predetermined value, the core rod 20 is quickly driven to slide upward.

[0103] Correspondingly, in the backwashing state, as the sewage in the outer shell structure is continuously discharged through the sewage channel and sewage pipe 19, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly continuously decreases. At this time, under the elastic force of the return spring 44, the filter cartridge 27 is gradually driven to reset. During the reset process, the rotating structure drives the internal tube 15 to reverse, and then the transmission structure and the action structure are used to perform the corresponding action. When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly returns to the initial state, the core rod 20 quickly slides down to reset and returns to the filtration state.

[0104] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figure 15 and Figure 16The rotating structure includes a spiral channel 51 formed on the upper outer wall of the built-in tube 15, and a hemispherical opening 53 formed on the upper inner wall of the filter cylinder 27. A ball bearing 52 is rolled and fitted between the hemispherical opening 53 and the spiral channel 51.

[0105] Of course, in order to increase the wear resistance of the overall rotating structure, there are three sets of rotating structures in this application. The spiral channels 51 in the three sets of rotating structures are distributed equally along the circumference of the inner tube 15 on the upper outer wall. Correspondingly, there are also three hemispherical openings 53, which are distributed equally along the circumference of the inner wall of the filter cartridge 27, and there are also three balls 52.

[0106] As the filter cartridge 27 slides up and down, the ball bearings 52 in the hemispherical opening 53 act on the spiral channel 51, driving the spiral channel 51 to rotate. It should be noted that due to the external protrusion 54 and the recess 55, the filter cartridge 27 can only slide up and down, not rotate. Furthermore, because the internal tube 15 has a stepped cavity that matches the shape of the lower extension tube 12, the internal tube 15 and the lower extension tube 12 can only rotate relative to each other, not move up and down. Therefore, when the filter cartridge 27 moves up and down, the internal tube 15 can only rotate. The spiral angle of the spiral channel 51 is 90°, so the internal tube 15 can only rotate a maximum of 90°. The first drain outlet 23 and the second drain outlet 24 have circumferential arcs slightly greater than 90° along the internal tube 15, so the first drain outlet 23 and the second drain outlet 24 will not be blocked simultaneously.

[0107] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 14 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 The transmission structure includes a first bevel gear 56 fixed on a section of the outer wall of the built-in tube 15 extending from the lower part of the filter cartridge 27, a transmission shaft 58 passing through the lower tank 2 and rotating in a sealed manner therewith, and a second bevel gear 57 fixed to one end of the transmission shaft 58 and meshing with the first bevel gear 56.

[0108] A spur gear 59 is fixed at one end of the drive shaft 58 that protrudes from the lower tank body 2. The spur gear 59 meshes with a spur gear plate 61. The spur gear plate 61 is fixed at the lower part of the lower translation plate 62. The lower translation plate 62 is fixed to the upper translation plate 65 by a vertical frame 64.

[0109] The lower tank 2 has a first guide rod 63 and a second guide rod 66 fixed to its outer wall, which are parallel and horizontal to each other. The first guide rod 63 is slidably engaged with the lower translation plate 62, and the second guide rod 66 is slidably engaged with the upper translation plate 65. Two side frames 69 are fixed to the outer wall of the lower tank 2, and the first guide rod 63 and the second guide rod 66 are fixed to the side frames 69.

[0110] The lower tank 2 is fixed with an inner bracket 60. The drive shaft 58 is rotatably engaged with the inner bracket 60, and the inner bracket 60 supports the section of the drive shaft 58 that extends into the outer shell structure.

[0111] When the built-in tube 15 rotates, the two bevel gears drive the transmission shaft 58 to rotate, which in turn drives the spur gear 59 outside the outer shell structure to rotate. The rotation of the spur gear 59 acts on the spur plate 61, which drives the upper translation plate 65 and the lower translation plate 62 to slide in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the action structure to perform the corresponding action.

[0112] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figure 18 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 , Figure 22 ,as well as Figure 23 The actuating structure includes an outer sleeve 68, a push-pull rod 67 that passes through the outer sleeve 68 and is slidably coupled to the outer sleeve 68, and a top frame 75 for fixing the upper end of the push-pull rod 67 to the upper end of the core rod 20;

[0113] A sleeve 70 is fixed on the outer wall of the lower tank 2. The outer sleeve 68 is slidably fitted onto the sleeve 70. A flange 76 is integrally fixed on the push-pull rod 67. The flange 76 slides with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 68. A first compression spring 77 and a second compression spring 78 are respectively provided inside the outer sleeve 68.

[0114] The lower part of the first compression spring 77 is in contact with the bottom wall of the outer sleeve 68, and the upper part of the first compression spring 77 is in contact with the lower part of the flange 76; the lower part of the second compression spring 78 is in contact with the upper part of the flange 76, and the upper part of the second compression spring 78 is in contact with the top wall of the outer sleeve 68.

[0115] A lower insert post 71 is rotatably provided on one side of the lower end of the push-pull rod 67, and the lower insert post 71 rolls into the rectangular groove 72 opened on the lower translation plate 62; an upper insert post 73 is rotatably provided on one side of the outer wall of the outer sleeve 68, and the upper insert post 73 rolls into the inclined groove 74 opened on the upper translation plate 65.

[0116] With respect to the present invention Figure 22 and Figure 23 In the initial stage of filtration, the lower insert 71 is located at the lower left edge of the rectangular groove 72. As the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly increases, the spur gear 59 rotates continuously, driving the spur gear plate 61, the lower lateral plate 62, and the upper lateral plate 65 to move continuously to the left. During this process, since the lower insert 71 is engaged in the lower edge track of the rectangular groove 72, the push-pull rod 67 remains stationary. As the upper lateral plate 65 moves to the left, the outer sleeve 68 uses the inclined groove 74 to drive the upper insert 73 to rise, thereby driving the outer sleeve 68 to rise as well. Therefore, the first compression spring 77 is continuously compressed.

[0117] When the filter cartridge 27 rises to the top of its stroke, the ball bearing 52 reaches the top of the spiral channel 51. At this time, the built-in tube 15 rotates 90°, and the spur gear 59 also drives the spur gear plate 61 to move to the left to the end of its stroke, that is, the lower insert 71 reaches the lower right edge of the rectangular groove 72. Under the elastic force of the first compression spring 77, the push-pull rod 67 is driven to rise rapidly to the upper right edge of the rectangular groove 72.

[0118] As the push-pull rod 67 rises rapidly, the core rod 20 slides upwards quickly via the top frame 75; then it enters the backwashing state, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter element assembly continuously decreases. Under the action of the return spring 44, the filter cartridge 27 is driven to continuously reset. During the reset process, the ball bearing 52 cooperates with the spiral channel 51 to drive the inner tube 15 to continuously reverse; when the inner tube 15 reverses, the spur gear 59 drives the spur gear plate 61 to reset, and the lower insert 71 moves to the left along the upper edge of the rectangular groove 72; during the reset, due to the lower insert... The upper edge of the rectangular groove 72 constrains the push-pull rod 67, preventing it from moving downwards. Meanwhile, the upper insert 73 moves downwards under the action of the inclined groove 74, driving the outer sleeve 68 to move downwards continuously, causing the second compression spring 78 to be continuously compressed. When the filter cartridge 27 is fully reset to the initial filtration state, the lower insert 71 reaches the leftmost end of the upper edge of the rectangular groove 72. At this time, under the elastic force of the second compression spring 78, the push-pull rod 67 moves downwards rapidly, and finally, through the top frame 75, the core rod 20 slides down rapidly, re-entering the filtration state.

[0119] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to... Figures 1-4 The disc filter has three sets of outer shell structures. The outer shell structure is fixedly provided with an outer retaining ring 3. The outer retaining rings 3 on the three sets of outer shell structures are fixed together by a crossbeam 4. The crossbeam 4 and the connecting frame 5 are detachably connected by bolts.

[0120] The outlet 49 is connected to the drain pipe 7 through the second bend 10, the sewage pipe 19 is connected to the sewage pipe 8 through the third bend 11, and the lower end of the extension pipe 12 is connected to the inlet pipe 6 through the first bend 9.

[0121] The water inlet pipe 6, the drain pipe 7, and the sewage pipe 8 are all installed on the connecting frame 5.

[0122] Because of the three sets of shell structures, the wastewater treatment capacity per unit time can be increased during water filtration. Furthermore, when one set becomes clogged and requires backwashing, the other two sets can still deliver water and filter normally without affecting the operation of the entire system.

[0123] The working process of this invention can be divided into a filtration stage and a backwashing stage. The principles of the filtration stage and the backwashing stage are explained below:

[0124] 1) During the filtration stage, under normal pressure water supply, the outer protrusion 54 and the bottom of the groove 55 are tightly fitted under the action of the return spring 44, while multiple stacked filter disc rings 36 are tightly fitted between the stop ring platform 38 and the compression ring sleeve 39 under the action of the clamping spring 41.

[0125] Water flows from bottom to top into the lower extension pipe 12. Because the through-hole 33 is blocked by the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 21, the water in the lower extension pipe 12 cannot be discharged from the through-hole 33. Similarly, the first through-hole 31 is blocked by the second valve plug 26, preventing the water in the lower extension pipe 12 from being discharged from the first through-hole 31. Since the first valve plug 25 and the second through-hole 32 are misaligned, the water continuously flowing into the lower extension pipe 12 passes through the second through-hole 32 and is discharged into the outer shell structure through the first drain port 23. Note that the second valve plug 26 divides the upper section of the lower extension pipe 12 into two isolated spaces. Therefore, the water entering the lower extension pipe 12 from the lower end cannot enter the inner tube 15 through the upper space inside the lower extension pipe 12.

[0126] Meanwhile, the assembly ring 42 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell structure by the seventh seal 43; the assembly ring 42 and the upper outer wall of the filter cartridge 27 are sealed and slidably fitted by the eighth seal 79; the outer wall of the inner tube 15 and the bottom of the filter cartridge 27 are sealed by the fifth seal 28; the lower part of the sealing sleeve 21 is sealed and fitted to the lower flange 14, that is, the guide groove at the lower part of the lower flange 14 is blocked by the lower part of the sealing sleeve 21.

[0127] Therefore, the water in the space below the assembly ring 42 within the outer shell structure (pressure chamber) can only enter the filter cartridge 27 through the water tank 45 via the radial filter holes 37 of the multiple closely attached filter disc rings 36. The filter holes 37 filter the water, intercepting larger particles and achieving a filtration effect. A ninth seal 81 is installed between the inner wall of the filter cartridge 27 and the upper outer wall of the built-in tube 15, ensuring that the filtered water in the filter cartridge 27 can only enter through the water inlet 46. The water enters the upper part of the built-in tube 15; then the water in the upper part of the built-in tube 15 enters the upper port of the built-in tube 15 through the annular hole 83 on the closed plug 50, and finally flows into the space (atmospheric pressure chamber) above the assembly ring platform 42 in the outer shell structure through the gap between the upper end of the built-in tube 15 and the upper clamp 47, and enters the drainage channel through the drain port 48; the upper end of the drainage channel is blocked by the core rod 20 and the tenth seal 82, so that the water in the drainage channel can only be discharged through the outlet 49.

[0128] As impurities accumulate at the outer end of the filter hole 37, the filtration area of ​​the filter disc assembly decreases. Meanwhile, the water pressure flowing into the pressure chamber through the lower extension pipe 12, the second through hole 32, and the first drain outlet 23 continuously increases. This increased water pressure pushes the filter cartridge 27 upward to increase the volume of the pressure chamber and achieve a pressure relief effect.

[0129] During the depressurization process, because the lower flange 14, the lower end cover 13, and the lower end of the lower tank body 2 are fixed by flange bolts, the lower flange 14 cannot rotate or move axially. That is, the lower extension pipe 12, which is integrally fixed with the lower flange 14, cannot rotate or move axially. Therefore, the inner tube 15, which is coaxially fitted with the lower extension pipe 12, can only rotate. When the filter cartridge 27 moves upward, the ball bearing 52 inside the hemispherical opening 53 cooperates with the spiral groove 51 on the upper outer wall of the inner tube 15 to drive the inner tube 15 to rotate. The rotation of the inner tube 15 then drives the transmission shaft 58 to rotate through the bevel gear set. The transmission shaft 58 then drives the spur gear 59 to rotate. The spur gear 59 cooperates with the spur tooth plate 61 to drive the lower translation plate 62 to move horizontally along the first guide rod 63. The lower translation plate 62 drives the upper translation plate 65 to move horizontally along the second guide rod 66 through the vertical frame 64. During the horizontal movement of the lower translation plate 62 and the upper translation plate 65, the push-pull rod 67 remains stationary because the lower embedded post 71 is constrained by the lower edge of the rectangular groove 72. The outer sleeve 68 is continuously raised under the action of the upper embedded post 73 and the inclined groove 74, causing the first compression spring 77 to be continuously compressed.

[0130] 2) During the backwashing stage, when the ball bearing 52 rolls along the spiral channel 51 to the upper end of the spiral channel 51, the internal tube 15 rotates approximately 90°. At this time, the lower insert 71 moves to the lower edge of the rectangular groove 72. Under the elastic force of the first compression spring 77, it drives the push-pull rod 67 to rise instantaneously and to the upper edge of the rectangular groove 72. Then, through the top frame 75, it drives the core rod 20 to rise instantaneously. The core rod 20 drives the upper edge of the closing plug 50 to fit against the lower edge of the upper clamp 47, sealing the gap between the upper end of the internal tube 15 and the upper clamp 47. The water in the upper part of the internal tube 15 cannot be discharged into the normal pressure chamber. At the same time, the core rod 20 also drives the first valve plug 25 and the second valve plug 26 to move upward. The first valve plug 25... The upward movement blocks the second through hole 32, and the second valve plug 26 is misaligned with the first through hole 31; therefore, the water flowing into the lower extension pipe 12 can only flow out through the first through hole 31 and then be discharged into the filter cartridge 27 through the second drain port 24; as the water in the filter cartridge 27 increases, the water in the filter cartridge 27 accumulates and overflows through the water tank 45, and flows from the inside to the outside through the filter hole 37, which reverses the washing of impurities attached to the outer periphery of the filter hole 37; moreover, due to the pressure of the water flowing from the inside to the outside in the filter cartridge 27, it can squeeze the inner conical surface of the filter hole 37, causing the multiple filter disc rings 36 to overcome the elastic force of the sticking spring 41 and separate from each other, which is conducive to the discharge of impurities attached to the outer end of the filter hole 37.

[0131] In addition, when the core rod 20 is lifted, the sealing sleeve 21 is lifted by the radial rod 34 so that the lower part of the sealing sleeve 21 is separated from the lower flange 14, ensuring that the sewage in the pressure chamber can be discharged through the drain port 35 during the backwashing process and finally discharged through the sewage pipe 19.

[0132] As water and impurities are discharged from the pressure chamber, the pressure in the pressure chamber continuously decreases. The return spring 44 drives the filter cartridge 27 to continuously reset. During this reset process, the ball bearings 52 in the hemispherical opening 53 drive the spiral channel 51 to continuously rotate in the opposite direction, thus driving the internal tube 15 to continuously reverse. This, in turn, drives the spur gear 59 to continuously reverse, thereby causing the lower lateral plate 62 and the upper lateral plate 65 to continuously reset horizontally. During the horizontal reset of the lower lateral plate 62 and the upper lateral plate 65, the lower insert 71 moves along the upper edge of the rectangular groove 72. Keeping the push-pull rod 67 stationary, the upper insert 73 moves downward along the inclined groove 74, causing the outer sleeve 68 to move continuously downward, driving the second compression spring 78 to compress continuously; when the water pressure in the pressure chamber returns to the initial pressure, the ball 52 rolls along the spiral channel 51 to the lower end of the spiral channel 51; at the same time, the lower insert 71 also reaches the other end of the upper edge of the rectangular groove 72, and under the elastic force of the second compression spring 78, it drives the push-pull rod 67 to move downward instantly, thereby driving the core rod 20 to move downward quickly, and the entire filter returns to the initial state, thus completing the reverse flushing.

[0133] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disc filter with mechanical backwashing controlled by differential pressure, comprising a housing structure, wherein the interior of the housing structure is hollow, characterized in that, The lower part of the outer shell structure has a water supply and drainage pipe assembly, which extends into the outer shell structure from the lower part; the upper and lower parts of the outer shell structure respectively have a drainage channel and a sewage discharge channel; The disc filter also includes a filter element assembly and a mechanical valve control mechanism. The filter element assembly is disposed inside the housing structure and is used to filter the water that enters the housing structure from one end of the water supply and drainage pipe group that extends out of the housing structure, and to discharge the filtered water through the top of the housing structure. The mechanical valve control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the drainage channel and the sewage channel, so that the drainage channel is closed and the sewage channel is opened after the water pressure difference in the outer shell structure reaches a preset value. The outer shell structure includes an upper cover (1), a lower tank (2), and a lower end cover (13); the lower part of the upper cover (1) and the upper part of the lower tank (2) are fixed together, and a sealing ring (80) is provided between them; the lower end cover (13) is fixedly provided at the lower part of the lower tank (2); A sewage pipe (19) is provided on one side of the lower end cover (13), and the sewage pipe (19) is connected to the sewage discharge channel. A water outlet (49) is provided on one side of the upper cover (1), and the water outlet (49) is connected to the drainage channel. The filter cartridge assembly includes a filter cartridge (27) movably disposed inside the outer shell structure, and multiple filter disc rings (36) stacked on the outer wall of the filter cartridge (27); the multiple stacked filter disc rings (36) form a filter disc ring group, and multiple water tanks (45) are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the filter cartridge (27). A stop ring platform (38) is integrally fixed on the inner wall of the lower tank (2). An arc groove for water to pass through is opened on the stop ring platform (38). An assembly ring platform (42) is installed on the inner wall of the upper cover (1). The assembly ring platform (42) and the inner wall of the upper cover (1) are sealed by a seventh sealing element (43). The assembly ring platform (42) and the filter cartridge (27) are sealed by an eighth seal (79). A compression ring sleeve (39) is also provided between the assembly ring platform (42) and the filter disc ring group. The compression ring sleeve (39) is in a sliding seal with the outer wall of the filter cartridge (27) through a sixth seal (40). The assembly ring platform (42) and the compression ring sleeve (39) are elastically connected by a clamping spring (41); in the filter disc ring group, a filter disc ring (36) near the lower end of the outer shell structure is in contact with the stop ring platform (38), and a filter disc ring (36) near the upper end of the outer shell structure is in contact with the compression ring sleeve (39). The filter disc ring (36) has filter holes (37) along its radial direction. The filter holes (37) are cone-shaped from the inside to the outside and expand from the outside to the inside. The water supply and drainage pipe assembly includes a lower extension pipe (12) that penetrates the lower part of the outer shell structure at its lower end, and an inner pipe (15) that is rotatably fitted outside the lower extension pipe (12). The lower part of the lower extension pipe (12) is integrally fixed with a lower flange (14). The lower flange (14), the lower end cover (13), and the lower end of the lower tank body (2) are fixed together by flange bolts. A drain port (35) is opened on the inner circumferential side of the lower flange (14). The built-in tube (15) extends from the lower part of the filter cartridge (27) into the filter cartridge (27) and passes through the filter cartridge (27). The lower extension tube (12) has a stepped shape. The interior of the built-in tube (15) has a stepped cavity that matches the shape of the lower extension tube (12). The mechanical valve control mechanism includes a core rod (20) extending through the top of the upper cover (1), and the upper part of the core rod (20) is sealed to the inner wall of the top of the upper cover (1) by a tenth sealing element (82); an upper clamping element (47) is integrally fixedly provided inside the upper part of the upper cover (1), and the core rod (20) passes through the center of the upper clamping element (47) and is sealed and slidably engaged with it; the core rod (20) also passes through the center of the top of the built-in tube (15); The upper clamp (47) has multiple drain ports (48) on its outer periphery. The core rod (20) is fixed with a closed plug (50), a second valve plug (26), and a first valve plug (25) from top to bottom. The first valve plug (25) and the second valve plug (26) are sealed and slidingly fitted with the inner wall of the lower extension tube (12). The lower extension tube (12) has a second through hole (32) and a first through hole (31). The inner tube (15) has a first drain port (23) and a second drain port (24) that are at the same height as the second through hole (32) and the first through hole (31) and correspond to them respectively. The first valve plug (25) has a connecting port (30). The built-in tube (15) and the filter cartridge (27) are connected through the water inlet (46). The upper and lower inner walls of the built-in tube (15) and the filter cartridge (27) are sealed by the ninth seal (81) and the fifth seal (28) respectively. The closed plug (50) is sealed and fitted to the upper outer wall of the built-in tube (15), and the closed plug (50) is provided with an annular hole (83).

2. A disc filter with mechanical backwashing controlled by pressure differential according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the core rod (20) is circumferentially fixed with a plurality of radial rods (34), the radial rods (34) are fixed with the sealing sleeve (21), and the upper outer wall of the sealing sleeve (21) is sealed and fitted with the lower outer wall of the lower extension tube (12); A through-hole (33) is provided on the lower outer wall of the lower extension tube (12) for the radial rod (34) to pass through and move up and down. The lower part of the sealing sleeve (21) is matched with the drain port (35) on the lower flange (14).

3. A disc filter with backwashing mechanical control based on pressure difference according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cartridge (27) and the inner wall of the upper cover (1) are elastically connected by a return spring (44). The inner wall of the assembly ring platform (42) is provided with a groove (55) along the axial direction. The outer wall of the filter cartridge (27) is integrally provided with an outer protrusion (54) that slides with the groove (55). The mechanical valve control mechanism also includes an energy storage component for rapidly sliding the core rod (20) upward after the water pressure difference inside and outside the filter element assembly increases to a predetermined value; the energy storage component includes an action structure for controlling the rapid up-and-down sliding of the core rod (20) and a transmission structure for connecting the action structure with the built-in tube (15); A rotating structure is also provided between the built-in tube (15) and the filter cartridge (27).

4. A disc filter with mechanical backwashing controlled by pressure differential according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating structure includes a spiral channel (51) opened on the upper outer wall of the built-in tube (15), and a hemispherical opening (53) opened on the upper inner wall of the filter cartridge (27). A ball (52) is rolled and fitted between the hemispherical opening (53) and the spiral channel (51).

5. A disc filter with mechanical backwashing controlled by pressure differential according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission structure includes a first bevel gear (56) fixed on the outer wall of a section of the inner tube (15) extending below the filter cartridge (27), a transmission shaft (58) passing through the lower tank (2) and rotating in a sealed manner therewith, and a second bevel gear (57) fixed at one end of the transmission shaft (58) and meshing with the first bevel gear (56). A spur gear (59) is fixed at one end of the drive shaft (58) that protrudes from the lower tank body (2). The spur gear (59) meshes with a spur gear plate (61). The spur gear plate (61) is fixed at the lower part of the lower translation plate (62). The lower translation plate (62) is fixed to the upper translation plate (65) by a vertical frame (64). The outer wall of the lower tank (2) is fixed with a first guide rod (63) and a second guide rod (66) that are parallel and horizontal to each other. The first guide rod (63) is slidably engaged with the lower translation plate (62), and the second guide rod (66) is slidably engaged with the upper translation plate (65).

6. A disc filter with mechanical backwashing controlled by pressure differential according to claim 5, characterized in that, The actuating structure includes an outer sleeve (68), a push-pull rod (67) that passes through the outer sleeve (68) and slides coaxially with the outer sleeve (68), and a top frame (75) for fixing the upper end of the push-pull rod (67) to the upper end of the core rod (20). A sleeve (70) is fixed on the outer wall of the lower tank (2), and the outer sleeve (68) is slidably fitted on the sleeve (70). A flange (76) is integrally fixed on the push-pull rod (67), and the flange (76) slides with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (68). A first compression spring (77) and a second compression spring (78) are respectively provided inside the outer sleeve (68). The lower part of the first compression spring (77) is in contact with the bottom wall of the outer sleeve (68), and the upper part of the first compression spring (77) is in contact with the lower part of the flange (76); the lower part of the second compression spring (78) is in contact with the upper part of the flange (76), and the upper part of the second compression spring (78) is in contact with the top wall of the outer sleeve (68); A lower insert (71) is rotatably provided on one side of the lower end of the push-pull rod (67), and the lower insert (71) rolls into the rectangular groove (72) opened on the lower translation plate (62); an upper insert (73) is rotatably provided on one side of the outer wall of the outer sleeve (68), and the upper insert (73) rolls into the inclined groove (74) opened on the upper translation plate (65).

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