Drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device

Abstract

The present invention provides a drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device, comprising a fixed base plate, a release nut-type pyrotechnic device, a pyrotechnic device mounting seat, a leaf spring washer, a tension spring, a steel wire rope, a bolt storage support tube, and a moving body. The pyrotechnic device mounting seat is fastened to the fixed base plate, and the release nut-type pyrotechnic device is fastened to the pyrotechnic device mounting seat. The moving body is fastened to one end of the bolt storage support tube, and the leaf spring washer is disposed between the end of the bolt storage support tube facing away from the moving body and the pyrotechnic device mounting seat. The leaf spring washer is rotationally connected to a washer shaft, and one end of the tension spring is connected to the leaf spring washer via a steel wire rope, while the other end of the tension spring rotates in conjunction with the tension spring shaft. The release nut-type pyrotechnic device locks the moving body and the fixed base plate. After the release nut-type pyrotechnic device is unlocked, the leaf spring washer rotates outward to form a gap between the bolt storage support tube and the pyrotechnic device mounting seat, ensuring safe and reliable relative motion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a locking and releasing device for a spacecraft mechanism, in particular to a drive and release unit for the locking and releasing device, and more particularly to a high-reliability drive and release unit for the locking and releasing device. Background Art

[0002] To ensure the safety of spacecraft mechanisms, the relatively moving parts must be locked during launch and released after orbital entry. This requires a certain spacing between the relatively moving parts of the mechanism. This is typically achieved using pyrotechnic devices such as release nuts. Currently, mature release mechanisms can achieve an axial force of 20 kN and a separation distance greater than 2.5 mm. However, for high load requirements, these separation distances result in low load capacity and stiffness, which cannot meet the high-stiffness locking requirements during launch.

[0003] A Chinese patent application, publication number CN208108928U, discloses a space payload compression and release device adapted for lunar environments. The device comprises an explosive device, an explosive locking rod, a locking nut, and a screw. The explosive device is mounted on the first joint of the device. One end of the explosive locking rod is connected to the explosive device via a screw and locked with the locking nut. The other end of the explosive locking rod is connected to the payload mounting plate on the second joint of the device, thereby locking the payload.

[0004] To ensure a high-rigidity locking system during launch, a release nut-type pyrotechnic device without a separation gap is used. Furthermore, during ground assembly of the pyrotechnic device, due to errors in assembly geometry and the influence of ground gravity, relative contact forces may exist between the separation surfaces after orbital entry. Therefore, a highly reliable drive and separation unit is essential to create a gap between the relatively moving parts of the spacecraft mechanism, ensuring safe and reliable relative motion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device.

[0006] According to the present invention, a driving and separating unit for a locking and releasing device includes a fixed base plate, a separation nut-type pyrotechnic, a pyrotechnic mounting seat, a leaf spring-type gasket, a tension spring, a steel wire rope, a bolt receiving support tube and a moving body; the pyrotechnic mounting seat is fastened on the fixed base plate, and the separation nut-type pyrotechnic is fastened to the pyrotechnic mounting seat; the moving body is fastened to one end of the bolt receiving support tube, and the leaf spring-type gasket is arranged between the end of the bolt receiving support tube away from the moving body and the pyrotechnic mounting seat, and the bolt of the separation nut-type pyrotechnic passes through the fixed base plate, the pyrotechnic mounting seat and the leaf spring-type gasket and penetrates into the bolt receiving support tube. Inside; a compression spring and a loading nut are provided in the bolt receiving support tube, and the loading nut is threadedly connected to the part of the bolt of the separation nut type pyrotechnic product that penetrates into the bolt receiving support tube, the compression spring is connected to the loading nut, and the compression spring is in a stretched state; a gasket rotating shaft, a gasket stop column and a tension spring rotating shaft are provided on the fixed base plate, the leaf spring type gasket is rotatably connected to the gasket rotating shaft, the gasket stop column contacts the leaf spring type gasket and limits the leaf spring type gasket so that the leaf spring type gasket is in an energy storage state, one end of the tension spring is connected to the leaf spring type gasket through a steel wire rope, and the other end of the tension spring is rotatably matched with the tension spring rotating shaft, and the tension spring is in a stretched state.

[0007] Preferably, the direction of the leaf spring gasket's own rotational tendency is the same as the direction of the leaf spring gasket's rotational tendency caused by the force applied to the leaf spring gasket by the tension spring.

[0008] Preferably, a wiring groove is provided on the side wall of the leaf spring gasket, the wiring groove accommodates the wire rope and guides the direction of the wire rope, one end of the wire rope is fastened to the leaf spring gasket, and the other end of the wire rope is fastened to the tension spring.

[0009] Preferably, the tension spring comprises a center-compressed tension spring with round hooks at the ends.

[0010] Preferably, a tension spring sheath is provided at one end of the tension spring away from the wire rope, and the end of the tension spring away from the wire rope extends into the tension spring sheath and is tightly connected to the tension spring sheath; the end of the tension spring sheath away from the tension spring is rotatably connected to the tension spring shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the tension spring sheath that passes through the steel wire rope adopts a bell-mouth design.

[0012] Preferably, the leaf spring type gasket includes a leaf spring and a gasket, one end of the leaf spring is fastened to the peripheral side wall of the gasket; in the locked state: the gasket retaining column contacts the end of the leaf spring away from the gasket and provides pressure to the leaf spring; in the unlocked state: the gasket is completely removed from between the bolt receiving support tube and the pyrotechnic mounting seat, and the gasket retaining column contacts and limits the side of the leaf spring close to the gasket.

[0013] Preferably, the connection point between the steel wire rope and the gasket, and the connection point between the leaf spring and the gasket are respectively located on two opposite sides of the gasket.

[0014] Preferably, a wiring hole is provided on the peripheral side wall of the gasket, and the steel wire rope is passed through the wiring hole and is fastened to the gasket through a fastener.

[0015] Preferably, the fixed base plate, the pyrotechnic device mounting seat and the gasket block column are an integrated structure or a split structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention arranges a leaf spring washer between the bolt receiving support tube and the pyrotechnic mounting seat, and connects the bolt receiving support tube, the leaf spring washer, the pyrotechnic mounting seat and the fixed base plate into one body through the separation nut type pyrotechnic, thereby realizing the locking of the movable body and the fixed base plate. After the separation nut type pyrotechnic is unlocked, the leaf spring washer rotates and moves out to form a gap between the bolt receiving support tube and the pyrotechnic mounting seat, thereby ensuring safety and reliability during relative motion operation.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses the gasket retaining column to provide pressure to the leaf spring gasket initially and to limit the position of the gasket at the end, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the system.

[0019] 3. The present invention forms a leaf spring type gasket through an integrated design of a leaf spring and a gasket, so that the gasket has a self-driving capability, which helps to improve the initial separation driving force and increase the reliability of unlocking and separation.

[0020] 4. The present invention can meet the requirements of different separation torques and separation distances by adjusting the preload force of the leaf spring, the tension force of the tension spring, the thickness of the gasket, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drive separation unit in a locked state according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the drive separation unit in a locked state according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drive separation unit in the release state of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram mainly showing the overall structure of the leaf spring gasket of the present invention.

[0026] As shown in the figure:

[0027] Fixed base plate 1 tension spring sheath 51

[0028] Separate nut type explosive device 2 tension spring shaft 52

[0029] Explosive device mounting seat 3 tension spring tailstock 53

[0030] Leaf spring type ring 4 wire rope 6

[0031] Gasket retaining column 41 bolt receiving support tube 7

[0032] Pad ring rotating shaft 42 moving body 8

[0033] Extension spring 5 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 As shown, a drive and release unit for a locking and releasing device according to the present invention includes a fixed base plate 1, a release nut-type explosive device 2, an explosive device mounting base 3, a leaf spring washer 4, a tension spring 5, a steel wire rope 6, a bolt storage support tube 7, and a moving body 8. The release nut-type explosive device 2 is a mature product in the prior art and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0036] The pyrotechnic device mounting base 3 is fastened to the fixed base plate 1, and the split-nut-type pyrotechnic device 2 is fastened to the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3. One feasible embodiment is: the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3 and the split-nut-type pyrotechnic device 2 are respectively located on either side of the fixed base plate 1, the split-nut-type pyrotechnic device 2 is connected to the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3 by screws, and the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3 is screwed to the fixed base plate 1.

[0037] The moving body 8 is fastened to one end of the bolt receiving support tube 7. In this application, the moving body 8 and the bolt receiving support tube 7 can be fastened by screws. A leaf spring washer 4 is disposed between the end of the bolt receiving support tube 7 facing away from the moving body 8 and the pyrotechnic device mounting seat 3. The bolt of the nut-type pyrotechnic device 2 passes through the fixed base plate 1, the pyrotechnic device mounting seat 3, and the leaf spring washer 4 and then into the bolt receiving support tube 7. A compression spring and a loading nut are disposed within the bolt receiving support tube 7. The loading nut is threadedly connected to the portion of the bolt of the nut-type pyrotechnic device 2 that penetrates into the bolt receiving support tube 7. The compression spring is connected to the loading nut and is in a stretched state.

[0038] A gasket rotating shaft 42, a gasket stop column 41 and a tension spring 5 rotating shaft 52 are provided on the fixed base plate 1. The leaf spring gasket 4 is rotatably connected to the gasket rotating shaft 42. The gasket stop column 41 contacts the leaf spring gasket 4 and limits the leaf spring gasket 4 so that the leaf spring gasket 4 is in an energy storage state. One end of the tension spring 5 is connected to the leaf spring gasket 4 through a steel wire rope 6, and the other end of the tension spring 5 is rotatably matched with the tension spring 5 rotating shaft 52, and the tension spring 5 is in a stretched state.

[0039] When the spacecraft is launched, the separation nut type pyrotechnic device 2 connects the fixed base plate 1, the leaf spring type gasket 4, and the bolt receiving support tube 7 into a whole in sequence through the bolts and the loading nuts in the bolt receiving support tube 7, and then locks the fixed base plate 1 and the movable body 8, and the gasket leaf spring is in an energy storage state.

[0040] When released, the bolts within the nut-type pyrotechnic device 2 are unconstrained and lifted along with the loaded nut by the compression spring within the bolt-receiving support tube 7. The leaf spring-type washer 4 rotates around the washer axis 42 under its own stored energy and the driving force of the tension spring 5. The tension spring 5 contracts and simultaneously rotates around the tension spring 5 axis 52, creating a gap between the bolt-receiving support tube 7 and the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3. This separates and unlocks the fixed base plate 1 and the movable body 8, allowing relative movement. It should be noted that the highly reliable drive-disengagement unit of the locking and release device preloads and stores energy on the leaf spring-type washer 4 through the washer column in the locked state, generating a self-driving force.

[0041] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 Specifically, the leaf spring gasket 4 comprises a leaf spring and a gasket. One end of the leaf spring is securely connected to the circumferential sidewall of the gasket. Made of spring steel, the gasket and leaf spring are designed to integrate their structural functions, enabling self-propulsion within a certain range of rotational angles. A wiring hole is provided on the circumferential sidewall of the gasket, through which one end of a steel wire rope 6 is inserted and secured to the gasket via fasteners. The connection points between the steel wire rope 6 and the gasket, and the connection points between the leaf spring and the gasket, are located on opposite sides of the gasket.

[0042] The sidewall of the leaf spring washer 4 is provided with a routing groove, which accommodates and guides the wire rope 6. The other end of the wire rope 6 is securely connected to the tension spring 5, ensuring that the wire rope 6 does not slide relative to the tension spring 5 under a certain preload. The tension spring 5 includes a circular hook at the end to press the center of the tension spring 5. The wire rope 6 is passed through the circular hook at the end of the tension spring 5 and is secured with a lock.

[0043] The end of the tension spring 5 away from the wire rope 6 is provided with a sheath 51. This end of the tension spring 5 extends into and is securely connected to the sheath 51. A tailstock 53 of the tension spring 5 is securely mounted on the fixed base plate 1. A rotating shaft 52 of the tension spring 5 is securely mounted on the tailstock 53. The end of the sheath 51 of the tension spring 5 facing away from the tension spring 5 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 52. The end of the sheath 51 of the tension spring 5 that passes through the wire rope 6 features a flared design to prevent the tension spring 5 from snagging on external objects and ensure that the tension spring 5 enters without becoming stuck.

[0044] The sheath 51 of the tension spring 5 is composed of a thin-walled tube and an end cap glued together. The end cap and the round hook ring at one end of the tension spring 5 pass through the rotation axis 52 of the tension spring 5. During the separation process, the tension spring 5 contracts and rotates around the rotation axis 52 together with the sheath 51 of the tension spring 5, and finally the tension spring 5 is retracted into the sheath 51 of the tension spring 5.

[0045] It is important to note that the direction of the leaf spring washer 4's inherent rotational tendency is the same as the direction of the leaf spring washer 4's rotational tendency caused by the force applied by the tension spring 5. In the locked state, the washer retaining post 41 contacts the end of the leaf spring away from the washer, applying pressure to the leaf spring. In the unlocked state, the washer is completely removed from between the bolt receiving support 7 and the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3, and the washer retaining post 41 contacts the side of the leaf spring closest to the washer, retaining the position.

[0046] The integrated design of the backing ring and leaf spring, combined with the tension spring 5, provides a strong driving force for separation within a certain initial angle, ensuring reliable separation. A certain gap is also created between the fixed base plate 1 and the movable body 8, ensuring safe subsequent relative rotation between the two. This makes it suitable for space-based rotation mechanisms that require high-rigidity locking during launch and highly reliable separation once in orbit.

[0047] It should be further noted that the fixed base plate 1, the pyrotechnic device mounting base 3, the tension spring 5 tailstock 53, and the backing ring retaining post 41 are of an integrated or split structure. The leaf spring preload, the tension of the tension spring 5, and the backing ring thickness can be adjusted to meet different separation torque and separation distance requirements.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0049] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed base plate (1), a separating nut type explosive device (2), an explosive device mounting seat (3), a leaf spring type gasket (4), a tension spring (5), a steel wire rope (6), a bolt receiving support tube (7) and a moving body (8); The pyrotechnic device mounting seat (3) is fixedly mounted on the fixed base plate (1), and the separation nut type pyrotechnic device (2) is fixedly connected to the pyrotechnic device mounting seat (3); The movable body (8) is tightly connected to one end of the bolt receiving support cylinder (7); the leaf spring type gasket (4) is arranged between the end of the bolt receiving support cylinder (7) facing away from the movable body (8) and the pyrotechnic device mounting seat (3); the bolt of the separating nut type pyrotechnic device (2) passes through the fixed base plate (1), the pyrotechnic device mounting seat (3) and the leaf spring type gasket (4) and penetrates into the bolt receiving support cylinder (7); A compression spring and a loading nut are provided in the bolt receiving support cylinder (7); the loading nut is threadedly connected to the portion of the bolt of the separating nut type explosive device (2) that penetrates into the bolt receiving support cylinder (7); the compression spring is connected to the loading nut, and the compression spring is in a stretched state; The fixed base plate (1) is provided with a gasket rotating shaft (42), a gasket blocking column (41) and a tension spring rotating shaft (52); the leaf spring gasket (4) is rotatably connected to the gasket rotating shaft (42); the gasket blocking column (41) contacts the leaf spring gasket (4) and limits the leaf spring gasket (4) so that the leaf spring gasket (4) is in an energy storage state; one end of the tension spring (5) is connected to the leaf spring gasket (4) through a steel wire rope (6); the other end of the tension spring (5) is rotatably matched with the tension spring rotating shaft (52); and the tension spring (5) is in a stretched state.

2. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction of the leaf spring type gasket (4)'s own rotational tendency is the same as the direction of the leaf spring type gasket (4)'s rotational tendency caused by the force applied to the leaf spring type gasket (4) by the tension spring (5).

3. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 1, wherein: A wiring groove is provided on the side wall of the leaf spring type gasket (4), and the wiring groove accommodates the wire rope (6) and guides the direction of the wire rope (6). One end of the wire rope (6) is tightly connected to the leaf spring type gasket (4), and the other end of the wire rope (6) is tightly connected to the tension spring (5).

4. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 1, wherein: The tension spring (5) comprises a center-pressing tension spring (5) with round hooks at the ends.

5. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 1, wherein: The end of the tension spring (5) away from the steel wire rope (6) is provided with a tension spring sheath (51), and the end of the tension spring (5) away from the steel wire rope (6) extends into the tension spring sheath (51) and is tightly connected to the tension spring sheath (51); One end of the tension spring sheath (51) facing away from the tension spring (5) is rotatably connected to the tension spring rotating shaft (52).

6. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the tension spring sheath (51) that penetrates the steel wire rope (6) adopts a bell-mouth design.

7. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf spring type gasket (4) comprises a leaf spring and a gasket, one end of the leaf spring being fastened to the peripheral side wall of the gasket; In the locked state: the backing ring retaining column (41) contacts the end of the leaf spring away from the backing ring and provides pressure to the leaf spring; In the unlocking completion state: the gasket is completely removed from between the bolt receiving support tube (7) and the pyrotechnic device mounting seat (3), and the gasket retaining column (41) contacts and limits the side of the leaf spring close to the gasket.

8. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection point between the steel wire rope (6) and the gasket, and the connection point between the leaf spring and the gasket are respectively located on two opposite sides of the gasket.

9. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 7, wherein: A wiring hole is provided on the peripheral side wall of the gasket, and the steel wire rope (6) is passed through the wiring hole and is fastened to the gasket through a fastener.

10. The drive separation unit for a locking and releasing device according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed base plate (1), the pyrotechnic device mounting seat (3) and the gasket retaining column (41) are of an integrated structure or a split structure.

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