Cracking reaction device, method for preparing olefin by cracking and application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pyrolysis, disclosing a pyrolysis reactor, a method for pyrolysis to produce olefins, and its applications. The pyrolysis reactor includes: a feedstock inlet, a product outlet, and sequentially connected pressurization section, preheating section, lightening section, vacuum gasification section, pyrolysis section, and quenching section. The feedstock inlet is located in the preheating section, and the product outlet is located in the quenching section. Each of the preheating section, lightening section, vacuum gasification section, pyrolysis section, and quenching section is equipped with a temperature control device to regulate the temperature of each section during operation. A pressure-reducing device is installed between the lightening section and the vacuum gasification section to lower the pressure of the feedstock entering the vacuum gasification section. The preheating section has a double-layered tube structure, with spiral protrusions on the inner wall of the inner tube and / or the inner wall of the outer tube. This pyrolysis reactor can effectively improve crude oil pyrolysis efficiency and reduce coking and blockage in the radiant section of the pyrolysis unit, thereby reducing operating costs and extending the unit's operating time.

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