A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-limited platform

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-seated limited platform, comprising the following steps: S1, establishing a construction coordinate system; S2, carrying out construction work in place; S3, measuring the pile anchor foundation; S4, performing operations before, during, and after pile feeding; S5, measuring the elevation of the pile driving process; and S6, measuring the elevation of the designed pile bottom after the pile is driven. The present invention relates to the field of offshore wind power engineering technology. The non-bottom-seated limited platform pile driving measurement method solves the problem of the inability of shore-based signals to be covered in offshore wind power measurement projects. The pile driving measurement method has high accuracy and high speed, and can operate stably in adverse sea conditions and unstable weather conditions. The measurement integration system is easy to operate, safe, and practical, and is not limited by site distance. Static positioning can obtain three-dimensional coordinates with an accuracy comparable to that of land. The pile driving guide frame oil cylinder has high dynamic positioning accuracy in a short period of time, and can measure and obtain real-time three-dimensional coordinates for deep-sea ultra-long and ultra-heavy pile anchor foundations to assist in pile driving construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power engineering, and in particular to a pile sinking measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limiting platform. Background Art

[0002] As the offshore wind power industry develops offshore wind power resources on an increasingly large scale, the structure of offshore wind power projects is transforming towards deep sea. Deep sea wind power project sites are far from the shore, have large site areas, and lack fixed points in the open sea. It is impossible to establish a construction measurement control network according to traditional onshore engineering surveying specifications.

[0003] In addition, the pile foundations for deep-sea wind power construction are generally long and slender. The soft pile anchor foundations bear huge environmental loads such as wind, waves, and water flow. The movement response complexity of the pile body during pile sinking increases. The traditional pile sinking measurement method obviously cannot meet the construction requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a non-bottom-mounted limit platform measurement method that solves the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. This measurement method improves the measurement accuracy during the pile sinking process of deep-sea soft pile anchor foundations, can accurately control the plane position of the pile anchor, the verticality and azimuth of the pile body, and meets the requirements of pile sinking construction design and specifications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a pile sinking measurement method using a non-bottom-supported limited platform, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Establishing a construction coordinate system: Install a high-precision DGPS positioning and orientation system in an unobstructed location near the guide frame on the main construction vessel to accurately locate the center of the guide frame to determine the initial position of the pile anchor when it sinks, and establish the guide frame construction coordinate system;

[0007] S2. Construction and positioning work: Before construction, the main operating vessel begins to position itself with the cooperation of man and machine using the navigation and positioning software to ensure that the plane position of the bow and the guide frame meets the deviation value between the actual position and the designed position;

[0008] S3. Determine the pile-anchor foundation: Use instruments to determine the underwater position of the pile-anchor foundation center, the verticality of the pile-anchor foundation, the elevation of the pile top, and the azimuth of the pile-anchor foundation;

[0009] S4, pile feeding before, during and after operations: establish control points, calculate the coordinates of the control points and the center coordinates of the pile anchor, fit the center coordinates of the pile anchor and compare them with the center coordinates of the pile anchor, and adjust the pile anchor position and foundation azimuth according to the comparison results using the cylinder stroke;

[0010] S5. Measure the elevation of the pile during the sinking process: Use a total station to measure the elevation of the point where the laser pointer hits the pile anchor. The surveying technician visually estimates the scale reading of the light spot on the pile anchor from a safe distance away from the pile anchor.

[0011] S6. Measurement of the elevation from pile sinking to the designed pile bottom: The surveying technician sets up the total station on the control point, centers and levels it, measures the instrument height with a tape measure, sets the x, y, and z coordinates of the survey station, and the instrument height, then sets the backsight, aligns the crosshairs of the total station with the upper edge of any scale line on the pile anchor, and measures the elevation of that scale line.

[0012] S1 includes: S11: After the DGPS positioning and orientation system is installed and turned on, it takes half an hour to lock the signal and the measurement accuracy of the instrument can reach a stable state;

[0013] S12: According to the guide frame design drawings and related parameters, accurately measure the relative position relationship between the DGPS and the guide frame center, accurately locate the guide frame center to determine the initial position of the pile anchor when it sinks, and then establish the guide frame construction coordinate system.

[0014] The construction positioning in S2 includes the plane position and bow direction. The data is displayed in an integrated manner on the "Marine Engineering Construction Vessel Management System". The multi-terminal interface display is realized in a network manner. The plane position of the bow and the guide frame is adjusted according to the real-time data output to achieve a deviation of less than 500mm between the actual position and the design position.

[0015] S3 includes: S31: The underwater position of the center of the pile anchor foundation is calculated by the high-precision DGPS and inclinometer of the guide frame to meet the relevant accuracy requirements;

[0016] S32: The verticality of the pile anchor foundation is monitored by combining direct monitoring with a tilt meter and readings from a horizontal ruler, with mutual verification;

[0017] S33: The pile top elevation of the pile anchor foundation is controlled by DGPS elevation transfer;

[0018] S34: The azimuth of the pile-anchor foundation is adjusted and controlled by measuring the relative deflection angle between the pile-anchor heading indicator line and the guide frame heading.

[0019] S4 includes: S41: Before the start of pile feeding, the on-site surveying technicians will establish no less than 6 control points on the ship's guide frame, and at least two control points must meet the line of sight requirements;

[0020] S42: when feeding the pile, the coordinates of the established control points and the coordinates of the pile anchor center are calculated;

[0021] S43: After the pile feeding is completed at the Longkou, a station is set up at any control point, and the backsight orientation is performed. The center coordinates of the pile anchor are fitted and compared with the center coordinates of the pile anchor. The position of the pile anchor is adjusted using the cylinder stroke according to the comparison results.

[0022] S44: After the pile core position is adjusted, the verticality is directly monitored using an inclinometer and a horizontal ruler, and the verticality and foundation azimuth are adjusted again using the hydraulic cylinder screw rod.

[0023] When measuring the elevation during the pile sinking process in S5, a laser pen is installed on the guide frame at a position that is in sight of the pile anchor. The pitch angle and azimuth of the laser pen are adjustable. Then, during the pile sinking operation, the laser pen is aimed at the position above the guide frame cylinder, and its pitch angle and azimuth are fixed. The elevation of the point where the laser pen hits the pile anchor is measured using a total station. The surveying technician visually estimates the scale reading of the light spot on the pile anchor at a safe distance from the pile anchor. The elevation penetration can be directly calculated by the difference between the value at the scale line of the light spot before each round of hammering and the value at the scale line of the light spot after each round of hammering.

[0024] When measuring the elevation of the pile from the sinking pile to the designed pile bottom in S6, the elevation measurement is carried out within 1.5 meters of the designed pile bottom elevation. The surveying technicians set up the total station on the control point, align it and level it, measure the instrument height with a tape measure, set the coordinates of the survey station and the instrument height, then set the backsight, align the crosshairs of the total station with the upper edge of any scale line on the pile anchor, and measure the elevation of the scale line.

[0025] Beneficial effects

[0026] The present invention provides a pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limited platform. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0027] This technology solves the problem of lack of shore-based signal coverage in offshore wind power measurement projects. At the same time, the pile driving measurement has high accuracy and high speed, and can operate stably in adverse sea conditions and unstable weather conditions. Its integrated measurement system is easy to operate, safe, practical, and not restricted by site distance. Static positioning can obtain three-dimensional coordinates with an accuracy comparable to that of land. The cylinder adjustment of the pile driving guide frame has high dynamic positioning accuracy in a short time, and can measure and obtain real-time three-dimensional coordinates for deep-sea ultra-long and ultra-heavy pile anchor foundations to assist in pile driving construction. During the tight offshore construction window, the time for offshore wind power foundation construction is shortened, and the project progress is accelerated. In addition, this measurement method improves the measurement accuracy during the pile driving process of deep-sea soft pile anchor foundations, and can accurately control the plane position of the pile anchor, the verticality of the pile body, and the azimuth angle, meeting the design and specification requirements of pile driving construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the construction coordinate system;

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the pile driving guide frame;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-limited platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a pile sinking measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limited platform, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Establishing a construction coordinate system: Install a high-precision DGPS positioning and orientation system in an unobstructed location near the guide frame on the main construction vessel to accurately locate the center of the guide frame to determine the initial position of the pile anchor when it sinks, and establish the guide frame construction coordinate system;

[0034] S2. Construction and positioning work: Before construction, the main operating vessel begins to position itself with the cooperation of man and machine using the navigation and positioning software to ensure that the plane position of the bow and the guide frame meets the deviation value between the actual position and the designed position;

[0035] S3. Determine the pile-anchor foundation: Use instruments to determine the underwater position of the pile-anchor foundation center, the verticality of the pile-anchor foundation, the elevation of the pile top, and the azimuth of the pile-anchor foundation;

[0036] S4, pile feeding before, during and after operations: establish control points, calculate the coordinates of the control points and the center coordinates of the pile anchor, fit the center coordinates of the pile anchor and compare them with the center coordinates of the pile anchor, and adjust the pile anchor position and plane azimuth angle using the cylinder stroke according to the comparison results;

[0037] S5. Measure the elevation of the pile during the sinking process: Use a total station to measure the elevation of the point where the laser pointer hits the pile anchor. The surveying technician visually estimates the scale reading of the light spot on the pile anchor from a safe distance away from the pile anchor.

[0038] S6. Measurement of the elevation from pile sinking to the designed pile bottom: The surveying technician sets up the total station on the control point, centers and levels it, measures the instrument height with a tape measure, sets the x, y, and z coordinates of the survey station, and the instrument height, then sets the backsight, aligns the crosshairs of the total station with the upper edge of any scale line on the pile anchor, and measures the elevation of that scale line.

[0039] S1 includes: S11: After the DGPS positioning and orientation system is installed and turned on, it takes about half an hour to lock the signal and the measurement accuracy of the instrument can reach a stable state;

[0040] S12: According to the guide frame design drawings and related parameters, accurately measure the relative position relationship between the DGPS and the guide frame center, accurately locate the guide frame center to determine the initial position of the pile anchor when it sinks, and then establish the guide frame construction coordinate system.

[0041] The construction positioning in S2 includes the plane position and bow direction. The data is displayed in an integrated manner on the "Marine Engineering Construction Vessel Management System". The multi-terminal interface display is realized in a network manner. The plane position of the bow and the guide frame is adjusted according to the real-time data output to achieve a deviation of less than 500mm between the actual position and the design position.

[0042] S3 includes: S31: The underwater position of the center of the pile anchor foundation is calculated by the high-precision DGPS and inclinometer of the guide frame to meet the relevant accuracy requirements;

[0043] S32: The verticality of the pile anchor foundation is monitored by combining direct monitoring with a tilt meter and readings from a horizontal ruler, with mutual verification;

[0044] S33: The pile top elevation of the pile anchor foundation is controlled by DGPS elevation transfer;

[0045] S34: The azimuth of the pile-anchor foundation is adjusted and controlled by measuring the relative deflection angle between the pile-anchor heading indicator line and the guide frame heading.

[0046] S4 includes: S41: Before the start of pile feeding, the on-site surveying technicians will establish no less than 6 control points on the ship's guide frame, and at least two control points must meet the line of sight requirements;

[0047] S42: when feeding the pile, the coordinates of the established control points and the coordinates of the pile anchor center are calculated;

[0048] S43: After the pile feeding is completed at the Longkou, a station is set up at any control point, and the backsight orientation is performed. The center coordinates of the pile anchor are fitted and compared with the center coordinates of the pile anchor. The position of the pile anchor is adjusted using the cylinder stroke according to the comparison results.

[0049] S44: After the pile core position is adjusted, the verticality is directly monitored using an inclinometer and a horizontal ruler, and the verticality and foundation azimuth are adjusted again using the hydraulic cylinder screw rod;

[0050] Since the direction of the spiral rod of the pile adjustment device is inconsistent with the north direction of the construction coordinate system, the measured pile anchor circle center fitting coordinates and design coordinates are both coordinates in the construction coordinate system. Therefore, when adjusting the pile anchor position and verticality, it is necessary to convert the fitted pile center coordinates and design coordinates into the local coordinate system with the spiral rod of the pile adjustment device, i.e., the direction of the rod as the north direction. The difference between the two can be used to obtain the adjustment distance and direction of each spiral rod. Specifically, Figure 1 ;

[0051] In order to facilitate calculation and actual construction, the direction of the first screw rod rotating counterclockwise in the north direction of the construction coordinate system is always taken as the north direction of the local coordinate system, and the angle is θ. Assuming that the design coordinates of the pile anchor circle center in the construction coordinate system are M(XM, YM), the fitting circle center coordinates measured by the total station are N(XN, YN), and the coordinates of points M and N in the local coordinate system are m(xm, ym) and n(xn, yn), after conversion, we have

[0052] xm=XMcosθ-YMsinθ

[0053] ym=XMsinθ+YMcosθ

[0054] xn=XNcosθ-YNsinθ

[0055] yn=XNsinθ+YNcosθ

[0056] Therefore, during construction, the distance that needs to be adjusted in one direction of the screw rod is |xn-xm|. When xn-xm>0, the screw rod is adjusted to the south, and when xn-xm<0, the screw rod is adjusted to the north. The distance that needs to be adjusted in the second direction of the screw rod is |yn-ym|. When yn-ym>0, the screw rod is adjusted to the west, and when yn-ym<0, the screw rod is adjusted to the east.

[0057] When measuring the elevation of the pile sinking process in S5, after the pile anchor center position and verticality meet the requirements, the elevation measurement of the pile sinking process is carried out. A laser pen is installed on the guide frame at a position that is in sight of the pile anchor. The pitch angle and azimuth of the laser pen are adjustable. Then, during the pile sinking operation, the laser pen is aimed at a position about 20 cm above the guide frame cylinder (the main body of the pile anchor), and its pitch angle and azimuth are fixed. The elevation H of the point where the laser pen hits the pile anchor is measured using a total station. 光 (The elevation of this point will not change). The surveying technician visually estimates the scale reading L of the light spot on the pile anchor at a safe distance of 10-15m from the pile anchor (the scale interval is 20cm, and the accuracy of the scale value estimated by the personnel can reach within 5cm), thus obtaining the following calculation formula:

[0058] H=H 光 +LL 钢 ;

[0059] L=H+L 钢 -H 光 ;

[0060] H: approximate elevation of pile bottom;

[0061] H 光 : elevation at the light point;

[0062] L 钢 : pile anchor length;

[0063] L: Estimated reading at the light spot.

[0064] The elevation penetration can be directly calculated by the difference between the value at the scale line of the light spot before each set of hammering and the value at the scale line of the light spot after each set of hammering.

[0065] When measuring the elevation of the pile from the sinking position to the designed pile bottom in S6, the elevation measurement is performed when the pile is sunk to within 1.5 meters of the designed pile bottom elevation (or when the pile penetration rate decreases significantly and the hammer rejection stage begins). The surveying technician sets up the total station at the control point, centers and levels it, measures the instrument height with a tape measure, sets the x, y, and z coordinates of the survey station, and the instrument height. Then, the backsight is set and the crosshairs of the total station are aligned with the upper edge of any scale line on the pile anchor. The elevation of the scale line is measured using the following calculation formula:

[0066] H=H 刻 +L 刻 -L 钢

[0067] H: pile bottom elevation;

[0068] H 刻 : scale line elevation;

[0069] L 钢 : pile anchor length;

[0070] L 刻 : Scale line reading.

[0071] The pile bottom elevation can be obtained. After obtaining the pile bottom elevation, the theoretical tide height at that time can be used to calculate and verify the actual pile bottom elevation.

[0072] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0074] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limited platform, characterized by: The specific steps include: S1. Establishing a construction coordinate system: Install a high-precision DGPS positioning and orientation system in an unobstructed location near the guide frame on the main construction vessel to accurately locate the center of the guide frame to determine the initial position of the pile anchor when it sinks, and establish the guide frame construction coordinate system; S2. Construction and positioning work: Before construction, the main operating vessel begins to position itself with the cooperation of man and machine using the navigation and positioning software to ensure that the plane position of the bow and the guide frame meets the deviation value between the actual position and the designed position; S3. Determine the pile-anchor foundation: Use instruments to determine the underwater position of the pile-anchor foundation center, the verticality of the pile-anchor foundation, the elevation of the pile top, and the azimuth of the pile-anchor foundation; S4, pile feeding before, during and after operations: establish control points, calculate the coordinates of the control points and the center coordinates of the pile anchor, fit the center coordinates of the pile anchor and compare them with the center coordinates of the pile anchor, and adjust the pile anchor position and plane azimuth angle using the cylinder stroke according to the comparison results; S5. Measure the elevation of the pile during the sinking process: Use a total station to measure the elevation of the point where the laser pointer hits the pile anchor. The surveying technician visually estimates the scale reading of the light spot on the pile anchor from a safe distance away from the pile anchor. S6. Measurement of the elevation from pile sinking to the designed pile bottom: The surveying technician sets up the total station on the control point, centers and levels it, measures the instrument height with a tape measure, sets the x, y, and z coordinates of the survey station, and the instrument height, then sets the backsight, aligns the crosshairs of the total station with the upper edge of any scale line on the pile anchor, and measures the elevation of that scale line.

2. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limited platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 includes: S11: After the DGPS positioning and orientation system is installed and turned on, it takes half an hour to lock the signal and the measurement accuracy of the instrument can reach a stable state; S12: According to the guide frame design drawings and related parameters, accurately measure the relative position relationship between the DGPS and the guide frame center, accurately locate the guide frame center to determine the initial position of the pile anchor when it sinks, and then establish the guide frame construction coordinate system.

3. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limited platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction positioning in S2 includes the plane position and bow direction. The data is displayed in an integrated manner in the "Marine Engineering Construction Vessel Management System". The multi-terminal interface display is realized through the network. The plane position of the bow and the guide frame is adjusted according to the real-time data output to achieve a deviation of less than 500mm between the actual position and the designed position.

4. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-limited platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: S3 includes: S31: The underwater position of the center of the pile anchor foundation is calculated by the high-precision DGPS and inclinometer of the guide frame to meet the relevant accuracy requirements; S32: The verticality of the pile anchor foundation is monitored by combining direct monitoring with a tilt meter and readings from a horizontal ruler, with mutual verification; S33: The pile top elevation of the pile anchor foundation is controlled by DGPS elevation transfer; S34: The azimuth of the pile-anchor foundation is adjusted and controlled by measuring the relative deflection angle between the pile-anchor heading indicator line and the guide frame heading.

5. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-supported limited platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 includes: S41: Before pile feeding begins, on-site surveying technicians will establish control points on the ship's guide frame, and the control points must meet the line of sight requirements; S42: when feeding the pile, the coordinates of the established control points and the coordinates of the pile anchor center are calculated; S43: After the pile feeding is completed at the Longkou, a station is set up at any control point, and the backsight orientation is performed. The center coordinates of the pile anchor are fitted and compared with the center coordinates of the pile anchor. The position of the pile anchor is adjusted using the cylinder stroke according to the comparison results. S44: After the pile core position is adjusted, the verticality is directly monitored using an inclinometer and a horizontal ruler, and the verticality and foundation azimuth are adjusted again using the hydraulic cylinder screw rod.

6. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-supported limited platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: When measuring the elevation during the pile sinking process in S5, a laser pen is installed on the guide frame at a position that is in sight of the pile anchor. The pitch angle and azimuth of the laser pen are adjustable. Then, during the pile sinking operation, the laser pen is aimed at the position above the guide frame cylinder, and its pitch angle and azimuth are fixed. The elevation of the point where the laser pen hits the pile anchor is measured using a total station. The surveying technician visually estimates the scale reading of the light spot on the pile anchor at a safe distance from the pile anchor. The elevation penetration is directly calculated by the difference between the value at the scale line of the light spot before each round of hammering and the value at the scale line of the light spot after each round of hammering.

7. A pile driving measurement method using a non-bottom-mounted limited platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: When measuring the elevation of the pile from the sinking pile to the designed pile bottom in S6, the elevation measurement is carried out within 1.5 meters of the designed pile bottom elevation. The surveying technicians set up the total station on the control point, align it and level it, measure the instrument height with a tape measure, set the coordinates of the survey station and the instrument height, then set the backsight, align the crosshairs of the total station with the upper edge of any scale line on the pile anchor, and measure the elevation of the scale line.

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