An automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wind turbine blade automatic deicing device, it is characterized in that, including tower and blade: tower is opened with connecting hole and air outlet on one side, and air inlet is opened on the other side;Rotary shaft is arranged in connecting hole, rotary shaft is provided with hub along the direction of connecting hole outlet, and hub is fixedly connected with blade tail portion;Single coiled inner heat passage is opened in blade, and inward recess is formed at outer edge to form single encircling outer heat groove;Data monitoring module, internal heating component, external heating component, power transmission component are electrically connected with internal hot air component, internal heating component and external heating component, for conveying electric energy for it;Analysis control module is connected with data detection module and power transmission component, and load of power transmission component is controlled according to temperature data and rotating speed data;The application can avoid the loss of electric quantity caused by long time shutdown of equipment icing and the maintenance, inspection etc of blade, and can make unit operation and maintenance intelligent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and more specifically to an automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power has become an important part of my country's energy structure. With the rapid upgrading of wind power technology, the diameter of wind turbines has increased rapidly. The traditional low wind speed areas in central and southern my country have become areas of competition for development by various wind power developers. However, in provinces such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi located in this region, due to the humid winter climate and frequent freezing rain and rime, wind turbines generally suffer from icing problems in winter.

[0003] Wind power generation operates in cold climates, and wind turbine blades are prone to icing. This phenomenon poses several hazards: Blade icing can disrupt the original aerodynamic characteristics of the blades to varying degrees, reducing power output and, in severe cases, forcing shutdown, thus lowering the unit's power generation. Icing blades increase the load on the unit, and prolonged operation under such load will shorten the lifespan of the wind turbine. Furthermore, icing can cause ice to fall from the blades, posing a risk to personal safety and equipment.

[0004] During the winter season in northern regions, wind turbines in wind farms experience large-scale and continuous snowfall due to climate changes. When the wind turbines are in a "shutdown" state during light winds, snow adheres to the blades, and weather changes can cause ice to form on the blade surface, severely affecting the normal operation of the units. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades includes a tower and blades:

[0007] The tower has a connection hole and an air outlet on one side and an air inlet on the other side; a rotating shaft is installed inside the connection hole, and a hub is installed on the rotating shaft along the outlet direction of the connection hole, and the hub is fixedly connected to the tail of the blade; a single coiled internal heat passage is opened inside the blade, and a single surrounding external heat groove is formed by indentation at the outer edge.

[0008] The data monitoring module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower and the hub, and is used to monitor the external temperature data and blade speed data in real time.

[0009] An internal hot air assembly is located inside the tower, with one end connected to the air inlet and the other end connected to the air outlet, for heating the outside air and delivering the hot air to the blades;

[0010] An internal heating assembly, disposed inside the blade, is used to heat the blade from the inside;

[0011] An external heating assembly is disposed outside the blade for heating the blade from the outside;

[0012] A power transmission component, which is electrically connected to the internal hot air component, the internal heating component and the external heating component, is used to transmit electrical energy to them;

[0013] An analysis and control module, which is connected to the data detection module and the power transmission component, controls the load of the power transmission component based on temperature data and rotational speed data.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the internal hot air assembly includes:

[0015] A blower is fixedly connected to the bottom plate inside the tower, and an electric heater is installed around its output end. The output end of the blower faces the air outlet.

[0016] An air inlet duct, one end of which is connected to the air inlet hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the input end of the blower; the outer wall of the air inlet duct is sealed to the air inlet hole.

[0017] The delivery pipeline has one end connected to the output end of the blower, and the other end passes through the air outlet and extends to a position close to the blades; the outer wall of the delivery pipeline is sealed to the air outlet.

[0018] A baffle, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tower and extends upward at its end, is used to restrict the flow of hot air; a drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the baffle.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the internal heating component includes:

[0020] A coiled resistance wire is fixedly installed along the interior of the internal heating passage, and its input end is connected to the interior of the hub.

[0021] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the external heating component includes:

[0022] A surrounding resistance wire is fixedly installed along the interior of the external heating groove, and its input end is connected to the interior of the hub.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the power transmission component includes a power source one and a power source two. The power source one is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hub and has multiple output terminals. The output terminals are connected to the input terminals of the coiled resistance wire and the winding resistance wire. The power source two is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower and has one output terminal that is electrically connected to the internal hot air assembly. An electronic switch and a transformer are connected to the output terminals of both the power source one and the power source two.

[0024] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the data monitoring module includes:

[0025] A temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower to monitor the external temperature data in real time.

[0026] A speed sensor, fixedly connected to the connection between the wheel hub and the tower, includes a transmitter and a wireless detector; the transmitter is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the wheel hub; the wireless detector is fixedly connected to the connection between the wheel hub and the tower, with its detection end extending towards the transmitter, detecting the number of times the transmitter passes through the detection end per unit time, thereby obtaining speed data.

[0027] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the analysis and control module includes:

[0028] A data receiving unit is signal-connected to the data monitoring unit to acquire current temperature and rotation speed data in real time.

[0029] A data comparison unit is connected to the data receiving unit by a signal. It is internally configured with a temperature preset threshold and a rotation speed preset threshold. The temperature data is compared with the temperature preset threshold, and the rotation speed data is compared with the rotation speed preset threshold.

[0030] The instruction generation unit is signal-connected to the data comparison unit and generates different types and levels of control instructions based on the comparison results.

[0031] The instruction sending unit is signal-connected to the instruction generating unit and electrically connected to the power transmission component; it controls the operation of the electronic switch and the transformer according to the type and level of the control instruction.

[0032] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the data comparison unit compares temperature data with a preset temperature threshold. When the temperature data is less than the preset temperature threshold, a corresponding control command is generated, including:

[0033] The data comparison unit is used to compare the temperature data A with the preset temperature threshold. The preset temperature threshold matrix is A0, and A0(A1, A2, A3) is set, where A1 is the first preset temperature threshold, A2 is the second preset temperature threshold, A3 is the third preset temperature threshold, and A3 < A2 < A1;

[0034] The data comparison unit is used to generate the control instruction B. The preset control instruction matrix is B0, and B0(B1, B2, B3) is set, where B1 is the first-level control instruction, B2 is the second-level control instruction, B3 is the third-level control instruction, and in terms of importance, B1 < B2 < B3;

[0035] The data comparison unit determines the control instruction B according to the comparison result of the temperature data A and the preset temperature threshold:

[0036] When A ≥ A1, the blade is at the normal level;

[0037] When A1 > A ≥ A2, select the first control instruction B1 as the control instruction;

[0038] When A2 > A ≥ A3, select the second control instruction B2 as the control instruction;

[0039] When A < A3, select the third control instruction B3 as the control instruction;

[0040] Compare the rotation speed data with the preset rotation speed threshold. When the rotation speed data is less than the preset rotation speed threshold, generate the corresponding control instruction, including:

[0041] The data comparison unit is used to compare the rotation speed data C with the preset rotation speed threshold. The preset rotation speed threshold matrix is C0, and C0(C1, C2, C3) is set, where C1 is the first preset rotation speed threshold, C2 is the second preset rotation speed threshold, C3 is the third preset rotation speed threshold, and C3 < C2 < C1;

[0042] The data comparison unit determines the control instruction B according to the comparison result of the rotation speed data C and the preset rotation speed threshold:

[0043] When C ≥ C1, the blade is at the normal level;

[0044] When C1 > C ≥ C2, select the first control instruction B1 as the control instruction;

[0045] When C2 > C ≥ C3, select the second control instruction B2 as the control instruction;

[0046] When C < C3, select the third control instruction B3 as the control instruction.

[0047] Preferably, in the above-mentioned automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the actions of the power transmission component upon receiving a command include:

[0048] When the power transmission component receives the first control command B1, the electronic switch at the power supply output terminal that supplies power to the internal heating component is turned on, supplying power to the coiled resistance wire.

[0049] When the power transmission component receives the second control command B2, the electronic switch at the output terminal of the power supply that supplies power to the internal hot air component is turned on, supplying power to the blower and the electric heater.

[0050] When the power transmission component receives the third control command B3, the electronic switch at the power supply output terminal that supplies power to the external heating component is turned on, supplying power to the surrounding resistance wire.

[0051] The technical effects of the above technical solution are:

[0052] This invention employs different de-icing schemes for different temperatures, greatly reducing energy waste. When the temperature is slightly low, an internal heating scheme is implemented to increase the blade's own heat and reduce water vapor adhesion, preventing water vapor from freezing onto the blades. When the temperature reaches the freezing point, a hot air scheme is activated, which not only increases the temperature of the air near the blades to prevent freezing but also blows the melted ice away from the blades. When the outside temperature is too low and causes freezing, an external heating scheme is implemented to cut the ice away from the blades. Furthermore, these three schemes can be implemented simultaneously and work in tandem to avoid the impact of blade freezing.

[0053] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0054] This invention can avoid the loss of electricity due to prolonged shutdown caused by equipment icing, as well as the maintenance and inspection of blades, and can make the operation and maintenance of the unit more intelligent. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the blade of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the blade of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the analysis and processing module of the present invention.

[0060] In the diagram, 1. Tower; 2. Blade; 3. Connecting hole; 4. Air outlet; 5. Air inlet; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Hub; 8. Internal heating passage; 9. External heating groove; 10. Blower; 11. Electric heater; 12. Air inlet duct; 13. Conveying duct; 14. Baffle; 15. Drain hole; 16. Coiled resistance wire; 17. Wrapped resistance wire; 18. Power supply one; 19. Power supply two; 20. Temperature sensor; 21. Transmitter; 22. Wireless detector. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-4 An automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades includes a tower 1 and blades 2.

[0067] One side of the tower 1 has a connection hole 3 and an air outlet 4, and the other side has an air inlet 5. A rotating shaft 6 is installed inside the connection hole 3, and a hub 7 is installed on the rotating shaft 6 along the outlet direction of the connection hole 3. The hub 7 is fixedly connected to the tail of the blade 2. A single coiled internal heat passage 8 is opened inside the blade 2, and the outer edge is recessed inward to form a single surrounding external heat groove 9.

[0068] The data monitoring module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of tower 1 and hub 7, and is used to monitor the external temperature data and blade speed data in real time.

[0069] An internal hot air assembly is located inside the tower 1, with one end connected to the air inlet 5 and the other end connected to the air outlet 4. It is used to heat the outside air and deliver the hot air to the blades 2.

[0070] An internal heating component is disposed inside the blade 2 for heating the blade 2 from the inside;

[0071] An external heating assembly is disposed outside the blade 2 for heating the blade 2 from the outside;

[0072] The power transmission component, which is electrically connected to the internal hot air component, the internal heating component and the external heating component, is used to transmit electrical energy to them;

[0073] The analysis and control module, which is connected to the data detection module and the power transmission components, controls the load of the power transmission components based on temperature and speed data.

[0074] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are: setting up three de-icing schemes, rationally implementing them to reduce energy waste, and achieving good de-icing effect.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-4 In an automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the internal hot air assembly includes:

[0077] Blower 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate inside tower 1. An electric heater 11 is installed around its output end. The output end of blower 10 faces the air outlet 4.

[0078] The air inlet duct 12 has one end connected to the air inlet hole 5 and the other end fixedly connected to the input end of the blower 10; the outer wall of the air inlet duct 12 is sealed to the air inlet hole 5.

[0079] The conveying pipe 13 has one end connected to the output end of the blower 10, and the other end passes through the air outlet 4 and extends to a position close to the blade 2; the outer wall of the conveying pipe 13 is sealed to the air outlet 4.

[0080] Baffle 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of tower 1 and extends upward at its end to restrict the flow of hot air; a drain hole 15 is provided at the bottom of baffle 14.

[0081] Among them, the blower and electric heater are existing technologies.

[0082] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are: by increasing the air temperature around the blades with hot air, the ice water on the blades is removed, which has a drying effect on the blades and reduces the pressure on the blades; the baffles ensure that the blades are heated evenly and collect the ice water.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-4 In an automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the internal heating component includes: a coiled resistance wire 16, which is fixedly installed inside the internal heating passage 8, and its input end is connected to the inside of the hub 7.

[0085] The external heating assembly includes: a surrounding resistance wire 17, which is fixedly mounted inside the external heating groove 9, and its input end is connected to the inside of the hub 7.

[0086] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are: by increasing the heated area of ​​the blade through coiling the resistance wire, the blade temperature can be rapidly increased; by thermally cutting the ice attached to the outside of the blade through the coiling of the resistance wire, the effect of rapid de-icing can be achieved in combination with the coiling of the resistance wire.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-4 In an automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the power transmission components include a power supply 18 and a power supply 2 19. The power supply 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hub 7 and has multiple output terminals. The output terminals are connected to the input terminals of the coiled resistance wire 16 and the input terminals of the surrounding resistance wire 17. The power supply 2 19 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower 1 and has one output terminal that is electrically connected to the internal hot air assembly. An electronic switch and a transformer are connected to the output terminals of both the power supply 18 and the power supply 2 19.

[0089] Among them, electronic switches and transformers are existing technologies, which control actions through signal transmission.

[0090] The beneficial effect of the above embodiments is that the three working schemes are controlled separately, avoiding the problem of complete shutdown caused by failure during the control process.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-4 In an automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the data monitoring module includes:

[0093] Temperature sensor 20 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of tower 1 to monitor the external temperature data in real time;

[0094] A speed sensor is fixedly connected to the connection between the hub 7 and the tower 1, and includes a transmitter 21 and a wireless detector 22. The transmitter 21 is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the hub 7. The wireless detector 22 is fixedly connected to the connection between the hub 7 and the tower 1, and its detection end extends toward the transmitter 21. It detects the number of times the transmitter 21 passes through the detection end per unit time, thereby obtaining speed data.

[0095] Among them, temperature sensors and speed sensors are existing technologies and can be replaced by infrared, mercury, etc.

[0096] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are: by detecting the external temperature, it is possible to predict whether icing will occur; by detecting the blade rotation speed, the icing situation of the blade can be known; the slower the rotation speed, the more icing occurs; thus, the icing situation can be clearly known.

[0097] Example 6

[0098] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-4 In an automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, the analysis and control module includes:

[0099] The data receiving unit is connected to the data monitoring unit to acquire current temperature and rotation speed data in real time.

[0100] The data comparison unit is connected to the data receiving unit by signal. It has a preset temperature threshold and a preset speed threshold. It compares the temperature data with the preset temperature threshold and the speed data with the preset speed threshold.

[0101] The instruction generation unit is signal-connected to the data comparison unit and generates different types and levels of control instructions based on the comparison results.

[0102] An instruction sending unit, which is signal-connected to the instruction generating unit and electrically connected to the power transmission component; controls the actions of the electronic switch and the transformer according to the type and level of the control instruction;

[0103] In the data comparison unit, the temperature data is compared with the temperature preset threshold. When the temperature data is less than the temperature preset threshold, corresponding control instructions are generated, including:

[0104] The data comparison unit is used to compare the temperature data A with the temperature preset threshold. The temperature preset threshold matrix A0 is set as A0(A1, A2, A3), where A1 is the first preset temperature threshold, A2 is the second preset temperature threshold, A3 is the third preset temperature threshold, and A3 < A2 < A1;

[0105] The data comparison unit is used to generate control instruction B. The preset control instruction matrix B0 is set as B0(B1, B2, B3), where B1 is the first-level control instruction, B2 is the second-level control instruction, B3 is the third-level control instruction, and B1 < B2 < B3 in terms of importance;

[0106] The data comparison unit determines the control instruction B according to the comparison result of the temperature data A and the temperature preset threshold:

[0107] When A ≥ A1, the blade is at the normal level;

[0108] When A1 > A ≥ A2, the first control instruction B1 is selected as the control instruction;

[0109] When A2 > A ≥ A3, the second control instruction B2 is selected as the control instruction;

[0110] When A < A3, the third control instruction B3 is selected as the control instruction;

[0111] The rotational speed data is compared with the rotational speed preset threshold. When the rotational speed data is less than the rotational speed preset threshold, corresponding control instructions are generated, including:

[0112] The data comparison unit is used to compare the rotational speed data C with the rotational speed preset threshold. The rotational speed preset threshold matrix C0 is set as C0(C1, C2, C3), where C1 is the first preset rotational speed threshold, C2 is the second preset rotational speed threshold, C3 is the third preset rotational speed threshold, and C3 < C2 < C1;

[0113] The data comparison unit determines the control instruction B according to the comparison result of the rotational speed data C and the rotational speed preset threshold:

[0114] When C ≥ C1, the blade is at the normal level;

[0115] When C1 > C ≥ C2, the first control instruction B1 is selected as the control instruction;

[0116] When C2 > C ≥ C3, select the second control instruction B2 as the control instruction;

[0117] When C < C3, select the third control instruction B3 as the control instruction;

[0118] The actions of the power transmission component when receiving an instruction include:

[0119] When the power transmission component receives the first control instruction B1, the electronic switch at the output terminal of power supply one (18) that powers the internal heating component is turned on to supply power to the coiled resistance wire;

[0120] When the power transmission component receives the second control instruction B2, the electronic switch at the output terminal of power supply two (19) that powers the internal hot air component is turned on to supply power to the blower and the electric heater;

[0121] When the power transmission component receives the third control instruction B3, the electronic switch at the output terminal of power supply one (18) that powers the external heating component is turned on to supply power to the surrounding resistance wire.

[0122] The beneficial effects of the above embodiments are: Set a comprehensive and complete de-icing scheme, provide different schemes for different rotational speeds and temperatures of the blades, achieve preventing problems that affect the operation of the equipment caused by ice formation on the blade surface, and at the same time facilitate the management of the equipment by on-site personnel and contribute to the intelligent development of the station.

[0123] It should be noted that for the system provided in the above embodiments, only the division of the above functional modules is used for illustration. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules as needed, that is, the modules or steps in the embodiments of the present invention can be further decomposed or combined. For example, the modules in the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or further split into multiple sub-modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. For the names of the modules and steps involved in the embodiments of the present invention, they are only used to distinguish each module or step and are not regarded as an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0124] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device / equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent in these processes, methods, articles or devices / equipment.

[0125] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0126] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations in the above description of the disclosed embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to implement or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, this invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades, characterized in that, Includes tower (1) and blades (2): The tower (1) has a connecting hole (3) and an air outlet (4) on one side, and an air inlet (5) on the other side; a rotating shaft (6) is provided in the connecting hole (3), and a hub (7) is provided on the rotating shaft (6) along the outlet direction of the connecting hole (3), and the hub (7) is fixedly connected to the tail of the blade (2); a single coiled internal heat passage (8) is provided inside the blade (2), and a single surrounding external heat groove (9) is formed by indentation at the outer edge; The data monitoring module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower (1) and the hub (7) for real-time monitoring of external temperature data and blade (2) rotation speed data; An internal hot air assembly is located inside the tower (1), with one end connected to the air inlet (5) and the other end connected to the air outlet (4), for heating the outside air and delivering the hot air to the blades (2). An internal heating assembly is disposed inside the blade (2) for heating the blade (2) from the inside; An external heating assembly is disposed outside the blade (2) for heating the blade (2) from the outside; A power transmission component, which is electrically connected to the internal hot air component, the internal heating component and the external heating component, is used to transmit electrical energy to them; An analysis and control module, which is connected to the data detection module and the power transmission component, controls the load of the power transmission component based on temperature data and rotational speed data; The internal hot air assembly includes: A blower (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate inside the tower (1), and an electric heater (11) is installed around its output end. The output end of the blower (10) faces the air outlet (4). An air inlet duct (12) is connected at one end to the air inlet hole (5) and at the other end to the input end of the blower (10); the outer wall of the air inlet duct (12) is sealed to the air inlet hole (5); The conveying pipeline (13) has one end connected to the output end of the blower (10) and the other end passing through the air outlet (4) and extending to a position close to the blade (2); the outer wall of the conveying pipeline (13) is sealed to the air outlet (4); A baffle (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tower (1) and extends upward at its end to restrict the flow of hot air; a drain hole (15) is provided at the bottom of the baffle (14); The data monitoring module includes: Temperature sensor (20) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower (1) to monitor the external temperature data in real time; A speed sensor, which is fixedly connected to the connection between the hub (7) and the tower (1), includes a transmitter (21) and a wireless detector (22); the transmitter (21) is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the hub (7); the wireless detector (22) is fixedly connected to the connection between the hub (7) and the tower (1), and its detection end extends toward the transmitter (21) to detect the number of times the transmitter (21) passes through the detection end per unit time, thereby obtaining speed data.

2. The automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal heating assembly includes: The coiled resistance wire (16) is fixedly installed inside the internal heat path (8), and its input end is connected to the inside of the hub (7).

3. The automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external heating component includes: The surrounding resistance wire (17) is fixedly installed inside the external heat groove (9), and its input end is connected to the inside of the hub (7).

4. The automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power transmission component includes a first power supply (18) and a second power supply (19). The first power supply (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hub (7), and it has multiple output ends. The output ends are connected to the input ends of the coiled resistance wire (16) and the surrounding resistance wire (17). The second power supply (19) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower barrel (1), and it has one output end and is electrically connected to the internal hot air component; an electronic switch and a transformer are connected to the output ends of the first power supply (18) and the second power supply (19).

5. An automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The analysis and control module includes: A data receiving unit, which is signal-connected to the data monitoring module to obtain current temperature data and rotational speed data in real time; A data comparison unit, which is signal-connected to the data receiving unit. Inside it, there are preset temperature thresholds and preset rotational speed thresholds, and it compares the temperature data with the preset temperature thresholds and compares the rotational speed data with the preset rotational speed thresholds; An instruction generation unit, which is signal-connected to the data comparison unit and generates control instructions of different types and levels according to the comparison results; An instruction sending unit, which is signal-connected to the instruction generation unit and is electrically connected to the power transmission component; it controls the actions of the electronic switch and the transformer according to the types and levels of the control instructions.

6. The automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the data comparison unit, when comparing the temperature data with the preset temperature threshold, when the temperature data is less than the preset temperature threshold, corresponding control instructions are generated, including: The data comparison unit is used to compare the temperature data A with the preset temperature threshold. The preset temperature threshold matrix is A0, and A0(A1, A2, A3) is set. Among them, A1 is the first preset temperature threshold, A2 is the second preset temperature threshold, A3 is the third preset temperature threshold, and A3 < A2 < A1; The data comparison unit is used to generate the control instruction B. The preset control instruction matrix is B0, and B0(B1, B2, B3) is set. Among them, B1 is the first-level control instruction, B2 is the second-level control instruction, B3 is the third-level control instruction, and B1 < B2 < B3 in terms of importance; The data comparison unit determines the control instruction B according to the comparison result of the temperature data A and the preset temperature threshold: When A ≥ A1, the blade (2) is at a normal level; When A1 > A ≥ A2, select the first control instruction B1 as the control instruction; When A2 > A ≥ A3, select the second control instruction B2 as the control instruction; When A < A3, select the third control instruction B3 as the control instruction; When comparing the rotational speed data with the preset rotational speed threshold, when the rotational speed data is less than the preset rotational speed threshold, corresponding control instructions are generated, including: The data comparison unit is used to compare the rotational speed data C with the preset rotational speed threshold. The preset rotational speed threshold matrix is C0, where C0(C1, C2, C3), and C1 is the first preset rotational speed threshold, C2 is the second preset rotational speed threshold, C3 is the third preset rotational speed threshold, and C3 < C2 < C1; The data comparison unit determines the control command B according to the comparison result of the rotational speed data C and the preset rotational speed threshold: When C ≥ C1, the blade (2) is at the normal level; When C1 > C ≥ C2, the first control command B1 is selected as the control command; When C2 > C ≥ C3, the second control command B2 is selected as the control command; When C < C3, the third control command B3 is selected as the control command.

7. The automatic de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that, The actions of the power transmission component when receiving an instruction include: When the power transmission component receives the first control command B1, the electronic switch at the output end of the power supply one (18) that supplies power to the internal heating component is turned on to supply power to the coiled resistance wire (16); When the power transmission component receives the second control command B2, the electronic switch at the output end of the power supply two (19) that supplies power to the internal hot air component is turned on to supply power to the blower (10) and the electric heater (11); When the power transmission component receives the third control command B3, the electronic switch at the output end of the power supply one (18) that supplies power to the external heating component is turned on to supply power to the surrounding resistance wire (17).

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