An antenna module and an antenna device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna module and an antenna device, wherein the antenna module comprises a first antenna and a second antenna; wherein: the first antenna comprises a first radiation unit and a first feed point connected with the first radiation unit; the second antenna comprises a second radiation unit and a second feed point connected with the second radiation unit; in the case that the first radiation unit is a linear structure and the second radiation unit is a plate structure, if a first signal is fed into the first feed point and a second signal is fed into the second feed point, a first direction is parallel to a second direction; wherein the first direction is a current conduction direction of the first signal in the first radiation unit; and the second direction is a conduction direction of an equivalent magnetic current of the second signal on an outer surface of the second radiation unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna module and an antenna device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wireless communication technology, antennas in an antenna system rely on current to radiate signals. However, the current directions in at least two antennas are the same or similar, resulting in strong electrical signal coupling between at least two antennas. Consequently, the isolation between at least two antennas is poor, which seriously affects the performance of the antenna system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above problems, this application provides an antenna module and an antenna device.

[0004] The technical solution provided in this application is as follows:

[0005] This application provides an antenna module, which includes a first antenna and a second antenna; wherein:

[0006] The first antenna includes a first radiating element and a first feed point connected to the first radiating element;

[0007] The second antenna includes a second radiating element and a second feed point connected to the second radiating element;

[0008] When the first radiating unit is a linear structure and the second radiating unit is a plate structure, if the first signal is fed into the first feed point and the second signal is fed into the second feed point, the first direction is parallel to the second direction; wherein, the first direction is the current conduction direction of the first signal in the first radiating unit; the second direction is the conduction direction of the equivalent magnetic current of the second signal on the outer surface of the second radiating unit.

[0009] In some implementations, the first feed point is connected to the first radiating unit via a first feed line; the position of the node connecting the first feed line to the first radiating unit is adjustable.

[0010] In some implementations, the first antenna includes an inverted-F antenna (IFA).

[0011] In some embodiments, the second antenna includes a planar inverted-FAntenna (PIFA).

[0012] In some embodiments, the second antenna includes a loop antenna; the second radiating element is a loop structure of the loop antenna.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second antenna includes a slot antenna; the second radiating element is a slot structure formed in a conductor cavity.

[0014] In some embodiments, the number of first antennas is at least two; the number of second antennas is at least two; each first antenna is adjacent to a second antenna; and each second antenna is adjacent to a first antenna.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first component is distributed within a first angular range; the second component is distributed within a second angular range; wherein, the first component is the signal component in the first signal whose radiation intensity is greater than a preset threshold when the first signal is transmitted through the first radiation unit to the specified distance range; the second component is the signal component in the second signal whose radiation intensity is greater than the preset threshold when the second signal is transmitted through the second radiation unit to the specified distance range; the first angular range is different from the second angular range.

[0016] In some embodiments, when both the structure of the first radiating unit and the structure of the second radiating unit are plate-shaped structures, the first direction is perpendicular to the first radiating unit; the current conduction direction of the second signal in the second radiating unit is perpendicular to the second radiating unit.

[0017] This application also provides an antenna device, which includes at least two antenna modules as described above.

[0018] In some embodiments, the device includes a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna array; the MIMO antenna array includes at least two of the antenna modules.

[0019] Practical research shows that during electromagnetic wave propagation, the coupling degree between a current with a parallel conduction direction and an equivalent magnetic current is less than the coupling degree between currents with parallel conduction directions. Therefore, the coupling degree between the equivalent magnetic current excited by the second signal on the surface of the second radiating element and the current of the first signal in the first radiating element is less than the coupling degree between currents with parallel conduction directions in at least two antennas in related technologies.

[0020] Meanwhile, according to the principle of electromagnetic field propagation, a changing electric field generates a magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field generates an electric field, thereby generating a continuously propagating electromagnetic field. During the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the electric field. Therefore, in the antenna module provided in this application embodiment, since the direction of current conduction in the first radiating element, i.e. the first direction, is parallel to the direction of magnetic current conduction outward from the second radiating element, the direction of the current perpendicular to the changing magnetic current associated with the second radiating element must not be parallel to the first direction. This can reduce the coupling degree between the first radiating element and the second radiating element, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0021] As can be seen from the above, the antenna module provided in this application embodiment, by setting a first antenna and a second antenna, makes the electric field direction of the first signal propagation in the first radiating element parallel to the equivalent magnetic current direction triggered by the second signal propagation in the second radiating element, thereby reducing the coupling degree between the first radiating element and the second radiating element, thereby improving the performance of the first antenna and the second antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2A This is a first structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic field equivalence principle in related technologies;

[0024] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the second structure based on the electromagnetic field equivalence principle in related technologies.

[0025] Figure 3A This is a second structural schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3B A schematic diagram of the antenna module configuration provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of the current direction in the IFA and PIFA provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution on the PIFA surface;

[0029] Figure 4C A third structural schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 5A A fourth structural schematic diagram of the antenna module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5BThis is a schematic diagram of the IFA current conduction direction in the antenna module;

[0032] Figure 5C A schematic diagram comparing the isolation of antenna modules provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 6A The PIFA orientation pattern provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 6B The IFA pattern provided for embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0038] In the field of wireless communication technology, the fundamental reason for poor isolation between antennas is that antennas rely on current to transmit signals into free space, and the current directions in each pair of antennas in an antenna system are usually consistent. Currents with consistent directions can generate strong coupling, causing the electrical signal transmitted by the first antenna to be received by other antennas, and vice versa. In practical applications, mutual interference between electrical signals from different antennas directly leads to poor antenna isolation, severely affecting the signal transmission and reception performance of the antennas.

[0039] To address the aforementioned issues, related technologies typically employ the following solutions to improve the isolation between at least two antennas in an antenna system:

[0040] An isolation structure is placed between at least two antennas to suppress current coupling between them. This isolation structure includes an electromagnetic band gap (EBG), an isolation wall structure, and a slotted base plate structure.

[0041] To counteract current coupling between antennas, a decoupling circuit is added between the feed ports of at least two antennas in the antenna system, or a neutralization line is added between the antenna radiators.

[0042] Different spatial layouts are provided for at least two antennas in an antenna system to improve cancellation and suppress mutual current coupling between at least two antennas.

[0043] However, technical solutions that incorporate blocking structures such as EBG, dielectric, or metallic isolation walls into antenna systems require the addition of other structures within the limited space of the antenna system. This is difficult to achieve in high-frequency phased array antenna arrays, such as those in the Ku band. Furthermore, the design and fabrication of such solutions are quite challenging. Additionally, the slotted base plate structure requires a high distance between antennas. In other words, slotting can only be performed on the base plate when at least two antennas are far apart. Moreover, the slotted structure requires extensive optimization.

[0044] Adding a decoupling circuit to the feed port of the antenna system increases the number of components in the antenna circuit, thereby increasing the cost of the antenna system. When adding a neutralization line between the antenna radiators, the length of the neutralization line needs to meet the current phase change requirements when the antenna system is in the operating frequency state, which is difficult to achieve when the antenna distance between the antennas is small.

[0045] Meanwhile, the scheme to improve antenna isolation by adopting different spatial layouts also requires long-term performance optimization. Furthermore, in practical applications, the space available for layout optimization in antenna systems is limited, so the design freedom of this scheme is low and its practicality is poor.

[0046] Based on the above problems, this application provides an antenna module 1. Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the antenna module 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, antenna module 1 includes a first antenna 101 and a second antenna 102; wherein:

[0047] The first antenna 101 includes a first radiating element 1011 and a first feed point 1012 connected to the first radiating element 1011; the second antenna 2 includes a second radiating element 1021 and a second feed point 1022 connected to the second radiating element 1021; when the first radiating element 1011 is a linear structure and the second radiating element 1021 is a plate structure, if the first signal is fed into the first feed point 1012 and the second signal is fed into the second feed point 1022, the first direction is parallel to the second direction; wherein, the first direction is the current conduction direction of the first signal in the first radiating element 1011; the second direction is the conduction direction of the equivalent magnetic current of the second signal on the outer surface of the second radiating element 1021.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first radiating element 1011 can be a straight line structure or a curved structure.

[0049] In one embodiment, the second radiating unit 1021 can be a planar plate structure with a specified shape; for example, the specified shape can be a regular geometric shape such as a rectangle, square, circle, or ellipse, or it can be an irregular geometric shape, which is not limited in this application embodiment.

[0050] In one implementation, the first signal and the second signal can be the same signal; for example, the first signal can be a signal related to the second signal; for example, the first signal can be a signal unrelated to the second signal, that is, the first signal and the second signal can be independent signals.

[0051] In one implementation, the first signal and the second signal can be fed into the first feed point 1012 and the second feed point 1022 simultaneously; for example, the first signal and the second signal can be fed into the first feed point 1012 and the second feed point 1022 in a time-division manner, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first direction can be the opposite direction of the electron flow direction of the first signal inside the first radiation unit 1011, that is, the first direction is the actual transmission direction of the first signal in the first radiation unit 1011.

[0053] In one embodiment, the second direction can be the direction of conduction of the equivalent magnetic current triggered by the change of current in the second radiation unit 1021; for example, the second direction can be the direction of conduction of the equivalent magnetic current in a specified space outside the second radiation unit 1021 caused by the transmission of the second signal in the second radiation unit 1021.

[0054] To better explain the working principle of the antenna module 1 provided in the embodiments of this application, the electromagnetic field equivalence principle is explained below. According to the electromagnetic field equivalence principle, in a certain spatial region, the electromagnetic field distributions generated by two different source field distributions and medium distributions are equivalent.

[0055] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the first structure based on the electromagnetic field equivalence principle in related technologies. For example... Figure 2A As shown, sources are distributed within the surface S, which can be current sources, while the area outside the surface S is free space. The sources distributed within the surface S can generate electric fields E and magnetic fields H in the space outside the surface S. Here, n is the normal vector of the region boundary.

[0056] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the electromagnetic field equivalence principle in related technologies.

[0057] Figure 2AThe equivalent electric field E and equivalent magnetic field H generated by the source distributed within the surface S in the space outside the surface S can be equivalently represented by the equivalent current Js and equivalent magnetic current Ms on the surface S. The electric and magnetic fields within the surface S are zero, meaning there can be zero fields within the surface S. The equivalent magnetic current Ms and equivalent current Js can be calculated using equations (1) and (2):

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] As can be understood from the above explanation, the propagation of the second signal in the second antenna 102 forms a magnetic current equivalent to the second signal on the surface of the second radiating element 1021. Therefore, the second antenna 102 can be an equivalent magnetic current antenna.

[0061] Practical research shows that during electromagnetic wave propagation, the coupling degree between a current with a parallel conduction direction and an equivalent magnetic current is less than the coupling degree between two currents with parallel conduction directions. Therefore, the coupling degree between the equivalent magnetic current excited by the second signal on the surface of the second radiation element 1021 and the current of the first signal in the first radiation element 1011 is less than the coupling degree between parallel currents in at least two antennas in related technologies.

[0062] Meanwhile, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, since the direction of current conduction in the first radiating element 1011, i.e. the first direction, is parallel to the direction of magnetic current conduction outward of the second radiating element 1021, the direction of current perpendicular to the changing magnetic current associated with the second radiating element 1021 must be different from the first direction. This can reduce the coupling degree between the first radiating element 1011 and the second radiating element 1021, thereby improving the isolation degree between the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102.

[0063] As can be seen from the above, the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, by setting the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102, makes the electric field direction of the first signal propagation in the first radiating element 1011 parallel to the equivalent magnetic current direction triggered by the second signal propagation in the second radiating element 1021. Compared with the parallel current propagated between adjacent antennas in related technologies, the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment can reduce the coupling degree between the first radiating element 1011 and the second radiating element 1021, thereby improving the performance of the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102.

[0064] In related technologies, there are also antenna design schemes that use equivalent magnetic flux antennas. However, such schemes are designed to reduce the influence of the human body on the antenna gain. The magnetic flux antenna in this application aims to reduce the coupling between antennas and improve the isolation.

[0065] Based on the foregoing embodiments, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the first feed point 1021 is connected to the first radiating element 1011 through the first feed line; the node position connecting the first feed line and the first radiating element 1011 is adjustable.

[0066] In one implementation, the first feed line may be a straight line made of a specified conductor material.

[0067] In one embodiment, the node position connecting the first feed line and the first radiating element 1011 is adjustable, thereby making the impedance and / or resonant frequency of the first antenna 101 adjustable.

[0068] In one embodiment, the node position connecting the first feed line and the first radiating element 1011 is adjustable. This can include connecting the first feed line to the first node of the first radiating element 1011 when a first signal is fed into the first feed point 1021, and connecting the first feed line to the second node of the first radiating element 1011 when a third signal is fed into the first feed point 1021. In other words, the node position connecting the first feed line and the first radiating element 1011 can be flexibly adjusted according to at least one of the following: the working state, working frequency band, and working mode of the antenna module 1.

[0069] As can be seen from the above, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the node position connecting the first feed line of the first antenna 101 and the first radiating element 1011 is adjustable, thereby expanding the impedance matching range and operating frequency range of the antenna module 1, making the operating mode of the antenna module 1 adjustable and controllable, and thus expanding the application scenarios of the antenna module 1.

[0070] Based on the foregoing embodiments, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the first antenna 101 includes an IFA.

[0071] In practical applications, the IFA antenna has a compact structure, and its good grounding design can effectively improve the antenna's working efficiency, while also being inexpensive to manufacture.

[0072] As can be seen from the above, the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment uses IFA as the first antenna 101. With the advantage of the compact structure of IFA, the structure of antenna module 1 can be improved and the volume of antenna module 1 can be reduced; with the advantage of the low cost of IFA, the cost of antenna module 1 can be reduced.

[0073] Based on the foregoing embodiments, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the second antenna 102 includes a PIFA.

[0074] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the antenna module 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3AAs shown, the first antenna 101 in antenna module 1 is an IFA, and the second antenna 102 is a PIFA. The distance between the IFA and the PIFA can be d, where d is greater than 0; in practical applications, d can be 10 mm.

[0075] The first grounding point 1013 can connect the first antenna 101 to GND; the second radiating element 1021 of the second antenna 102 is a planar rectangle, and the second feed point 1022 of the second antenna 102 can be connected to a second feed line perpendicular to the planar rectangular second radiating element 1021 to feed the second signal into the second antenna 102.

[0076] Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of the antenna module 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3B As shown:

[0077] In practical applications, a dielectric substrate 202 is disposed on the surface of the metal base plate 201. The IFA and PIFA can be disposed on the dielectric substrate 202, and the first feed line and the second feed line can respectively penetrate the dielectric substrate 202 to connect to the first feed point 1012 and the second feed point 1022. For example, the second feed point 1022 can be connected to the coaxial probe 203 to realize the feeding of the second signal.

[0078] In related technologies, to improve the isolation between adjacent antennas, power dividers are typically installed at the feed ends of the two antennas. While splitting the signal into two, the power divider also needs to set different phase differences for the two signals. However, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the first signal can be directly fed into the first feed point 1012 via a coaxial cable, and the second signal can be directly fed into the second feed point 1022 via a coaxial probe 203. Due to the characteristics of signal transmission in the first and second antennas, there is no need to add an additional power divider for signal processing, thereby reducing the cost and complexity of the peripheral circuitry of the antenna module 1.

[0079] Furthermore, in related technologies, it is usually necessary to suspend the antenna above a printed circuit board (PCB). In this application, the antenna is printed on the PCB surface, which reduces the difficulty of processing and design.

[0080] In some embodiments, when the first antenna 101 is an IFA and the second antenna is a PIFA, the first direction is parallel to the second direction.

[0081] Given that the first antenna 101 in antenna module 1 is an IFA and the second antenna 102 is a PIFA, Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of the current direction in the IFA and PIFA provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0082] exist Figure 4A In the diagram, the first antenna 101 is an IFA (Inductively Coupled Antenna) and the second antenna 102 is a PIFA (Peripherally Integrated Facing Antenna). The current conduction direction (i.e., the first direction) in the linear first radiating element 1011 of the IFA is essentially parallel to the first radiating element 1011. Conversely, the current conduction direction in the planar rectangular second radiating element 1021 of the PIFA is essentially perpendicular to the second radiating element 1021. Therefore, according to the principle of electromagnetic field propagation, the conduction direction (i.e., the second direction) of the equivalent magnetic field distributed on the surface of the second radiating element 1021 is parallel to the rectangular surface of the PIFA; that is, the first direction is parallel to the second direction. Furthermore, according to the principle of electromagnetic field equivalence, the second radiating element 1021 can be equivalent to having a magnetic current distributed on its surface parallel to the rectangular surface, while its interior is in a passive state.

[0083] Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution on the PIFA surface. For example, Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetocurrent distribution obtained when the PIFA's center resonant frequency is 4.84 GHz and the PIFA operates in the N79 frequency band. (See diagram below.) Figure 4B As shown, the current in the second radiating unit 1021 of the PIFA rectangular structure is perpendicular to the planar rectangular structure. The conduction direction of the equivalent magnetic current generated by this changing current direction is as follows: Figure 4B As shown in Ms, this is the second radiating element 1021, which is a rectangular structure parallel to the plane. Therefore, the second antenna 102 can be an equivalent magnetohydrodynamic antenna.

[0084] As can be seen from the above, the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment makes full use of the physical structure of the IFA and PIFA themselves. By means of the principle of electromagnetic field equivalence, an equivalent magnetic flux antenna can be obtained through simple antenna elements. Since the coupling degree between current and equivalent magnetic flux is less than the coupling degree between currents, the isolation between IFA and PIFA can be improved by the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment.

[0085] Furthermore, the current conduction direction in the first antenna 101 is different from that in the second antenna 102. In other words, the polarization direction of the first antenna 101 is different from that of the second antenna 102, thereby enhancing the anti-interference capability of the antenna module 1.

[0086] Based on the foregoing embodiments, in the case that both the structure of the first radiating unit 1011 and the structure of the second radiating unit 1021 are plate-shaped structures, the first direction is perpendicular to the first radiating unit 1011; the current conduction direction of the second signal in the second radiating unit 1021 is perpendicular to the second radiating unit 1021.

[0087] In one embodiment, the plate-like structure can be a planar regular geometric shape; for example, the plate-like structure can be a planar rectangular structure of PIFA.

[0088] In this embodiment of the application, when both the first radiating element 1011 and the second radiating element 1021 are plate-shaped structures, both the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 can be PIFA.

[0089] Figure 4C This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the antenna module 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4C As shown, both the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 in antenna module 1 are PIFA.

[0090] For example, such as Figure 4C As shown, if both the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 are PIFA, then after the first signal is fed into the first antenna 101, the conduction of the first signal inside the first antenna 101 can be equivalent to a first equivalent magnetic current parallel to the outer surface of the first radiating element 1011; the conduction of the second signal inside the second antenna 102 can be equivalent to a second equivalent magnetic current parallel to the outer surface of the second radiating element 1021.

[0091] Therefore, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, when both the structure of the first radiating element 1011 and the structure of the second radiating element 1021 are plate-shaped structures, the first direction is perpendicular to the first radiating element 1011, the current conduction direction of the second signal in the second radiating element 1021 is perpendicular to the second radiating element 1021, the conduction mode of the first signal in the first antenna 101 and the conduction mode of the second signal in the second antenna 102, so that both the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 can be equivalent magnetohydrodynamic antennas.

[0092] Furthermore, based on the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic fields and actual research results, it is known that the coupling degree between equivalent magnetic currents is less than that between currents. When the first radiating element 1011 and the second radiating element 1021 are set on the same plane, the equivalent magnetic current conduction direction on the outer surface of the first radiating element 1011 is parallel to the equivalent magnetic current conduction direction on the outer surface of the second radiating element 1021. In this way, the coupling degree between the two magnetic currents can be further reduced, thereby better weakening the mutual interference between the first radiating element 1011 and the second radiating element 1021, and thus improving the isolation between the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102.

[0093] For example, the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment can both be IFA. Figure 5A This is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the antenna module 1 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0094] like Figure 5A As shown, the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 in antenna module 1 can be two symmetrically arranged IFAs.

[0095] Figure 5B This is a schematic diagram showing the current conduction direction in the IFA of antenna module 1. (See diagram below.) Figure 5B As shown, the current conduction direction in the two IFA antennas is basically parallel to the first radiating element 1011 and the second radiating element 1021. Therefore, according to the electromagnetic field equivalence principle, the current conducted in the first radiating element 1011 can be equivalent to a magnetic current perpendicular to the first radiating element 1011; the current conducted in the second radiating element 1021 can also be equivalent to a magnetic current perpendicular to the second radiating element 1021. Since the coupling degree between magnetic currents is less than that between currents, when the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 in the antenna module 1 are both IFAs, the isolation between the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 can be effectively improved.

[0096] Figure 5C This is a schematic diagram comparing the isolation of antenna module 1 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0097] like Figure 5C The curves shown are the S1,1 and S2,1 curves for the IFA and PIFA, respectively. The horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents signal amplitude in dB. The PIFA antenna reflection coefficient is -12.2 dB; the antenna reflection coefficient of the symmetrically arranged IFA is -13.1 dB; when the first antenna 101 of antenna module 1 is an IFA and the second antenna 102 is a PIFA, the isolation between the IFA and PIFA is -16.3 dB; when the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 of antenna module 1 include a symmetrically distributed IFA, the isolation between the two IFAs is -7.0 dB.

[0098] As can be seen from the above, compared with the first antenna module 1 which includes two symmetrically distributed IFAs, the isolation between the two antennas in the second antenna module 1, which includes both IFAs and PIFAs, is significantly improved.

[0099] In this embodiment of the application, the first component is distributed within a first angular range; the second component is distributed within a second angular range; wherein, the first component is the signal component in the first signal whose radiation intensity is greater than a preset threshold when the first signal is transmitted to a specified distance range through the first radiation unit 1011; the second component is the signal component in the second signal whose radiation intensity is greater than a preset threshold when the second signal is transmitted to a specified distance range through the second radiation unit 1021; the first angular range is different from the second angular range.

[0100] For example, the energy loss of the first signal transmitted through the first radiation unit 1011 in free space outside the first radiation unit 1011 as a function of transmission distance and angle, and the energy loss of the second signal transmitted through the second radiation unit 1021 in free space outside the second radiation unit 1021 as a function of transmission distance and angle, can be obtained by measurement.

[0101] In one implementation, if any factor changes, such as the frequency band of the first signal and the second signal, the transmission power, or the environment in which the antenna module 1 is located, the preset threshold can be adjusted accordingly; correspondingly, the distribution state of the first component and the second component will also change, that is, the first angle range and the second angle range will also change accordingly.

[0102] In one embodiment, the first component and the second component, the first angular range and the second angular range can be obtained from the radiation patterns of the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102.

[0103] Figure 6A The orientation diagram of the PIFA provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6B The IFA pattern provided for embodiments of this application.

[0104] exist Figure 6A as well as Figure 6B In this context, Theta represents the change in angle in the xoz plane of a three-dimensional coordinate system, and Phi represents the change in angle in the xoz plane of a three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0105] For example, the second angular range can be as follows: Figure 6A The dark area shown extending along the x-axis, exemplarily, represents the second angular range, which can be the angle at which the main lobe width of the PIFA lies.

[0106] For example, the first angular direction can be as follows: Figure 6B The dark area shown extending along the z-axis, exemplarily, represents the first angular range, which can be the angle at which the main lobe width of the IFA lies.

[0107] according to Figure 6A as well as Figure 6B It can be seen that the angle range corresponding to the main lobe width of IFA and the angle range corresponding to the main lobe width of PIFA are basically complementary.

[0108] In other words, in this embodiment of the application, when the first antenna 101 in the antenna module 1 is an IFA and the second antenna 102 is a PIFA, the angle corresponding to the main lobe width of the first antenna 101 and the angle corresponding to the main lobe width of the second antenna 102 are complementary. Thus, the antenna module 1 provided in this embodiment of the application can not only improve the isolation between the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102, but also expand the signal coverage of the antenna module 1, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of the antenna module 1.

[0109] In the antenna module 1 provided in the embodiments of this application, the number of first antennas 101 is at least two; the number of second antennas 102 is at least two; the adjacent antenna of each first antenna 101 is a second antenna 102; and the adjacent antenna of each second antenna 102 is a first antenna 101.

[0110] For example, when the number of first antennas 101 in antenna module 1 is at least two and the number of second antennas 102 is at least two, antenna module 1 can be an antenna array including multiple antennas. For example, since the adjacent antenna of each first antenna 101 is a second antenna 102, and the adjacent antenna of each second antenna 102 is a first antenna 101, the isolation between each first antenna 101 and the adjacent second antenna 102 can be improved, thereby improving the overall performance of antenna module 1.

[0111] As can be seen from the above, when the antenna module 1 includes multiple first antennas 101 and multiple second antennas 102, the alternating arrangement of the first antennas 101 and the second antennas 102 can also effectively improve the isolation between the antennas in the antenna module 1.

[0112] Based on the foregoing embodiments, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the second antenna 102 includes a loop antenna; the second radiating element 1021 is a loop structure of the loop antenna.

[0113] Based on the foregoing embodiments, in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment, the second antenna 102 includes a slot antenna; the second radiating element 1021 is a slot structure opened on the conductor cavity.

[0114] In this embodiment, the second antenna 102 may include any antenna capable of generating equivalent magnetic current, such as a PIFA, a slot antenna, or a loop antenna. Therefore, the antenna module 1 in this embodiment has lower requirements for the antenna structure of the second antenna 102, making the structure of the antenna module 1 more flexible and its application scenarios more diverse.

[0115] This application also provides an antenna device 2, which includes at least two antenna modules 1 as described in the foregoing embodiments. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna device 2 provided in an embodiment of this application. It should be noted that... Figure 7 The antenna device 2 is described by way of example, which includes two antenna modules 1, namely, the antenna device 2 includes a first antenna module 201 and a second antenna module 202.

[0116] In one embodiment, the first antenna module 201 and the second antenna module 202 may be the same; the structure of the first antenna module 201 and the second antenna module 202 may be the structure of any of the antenna modules 1 provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0117] In one embodiment, the structure of the first antenna module 201 may be different from the structure of the second antenna module 202. For example, the structure of the first antenna module 201 may be different from the structure of the second antenna module 202. This may include the first antenna in the first antenna module 201 being different from the first antenna in the second antenna module 202, and the second antenna in the first antenna module 201 being different from the second antenna in the second antenna module 202. It may also include any antenna in the first antenna module 201 being different from all the antennas in the second antenna module 202.

[0118] As can be seen from the description of the foregoing embodiments, the arrangement of the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102 in the antenna module 1 can improve the isolation between the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102. Therefore, when the antenna device 2 includes at least two antenna modules 1, it can also improve the isolation between any two antenna modules 1 in the antenna device 1, as well as between the antennas in the antenna module 1.

[0119] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the antenna device provided in this application includes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array; the MIMO antenna array includes at least two antenna modules.

[0120] In practical applications, to improve the performance of MIMO antennas, such as to obtain uncorrelated signals on different elements of a MIMO antenna array, it is often necessary to maintain a spacing of at least 10 wavelengths between the elements. When the number of antennas is large, the installation of the MIMO antenna array may face obstacles.

[0121] Since the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment can effectively improve the isolation between the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 102, when the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment is used as an array element of a MIMO antenna array, the isolation between different array elements can be improved. Moreover, since the isolation between different array elements is improved, the distance requirement between array elements in the MIMO antenna array can be reduced, thereby reducing the scale of the MIMO antenna setup, thereby improving the flexibility of MIMO antenna applications and expanding the application range of MIMO antenna arrays.

[0122] Furthermore, the second antenna 201 in the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment can be an equivalent magnetic flux antenna. The coupling effect between the equivalent magnetic flux and the current in parallel conduction is less than the coupling effect between the currents in parallel conduction. Therefore, using the antenna module 1 provided in this application embodiment as an array element of the MIMO antenna array can also reduce the requirements for the phase or frequency of the feed signal of the MIMO antenna array.

[0123] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0124] The features disclosed in the various product embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0125] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0126] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0127] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, The antenna module includes a first antenna and a second antenna; wherein: The first antenna includes a first radiating element and a first feed point connected to the first radiating element; The second antenna includes a second radiating element and a second feed point connected to the second radiating element; When the first radiating unit is a linear structure and the second radiating unit is a plate structure, if the first signal is fed into the first feed point and the second signal is fed into the second feed point, the first direction is parallel to the second direction; wherein, the first direction is the current conduction direction of the first signal in the first radiating unit; the second direction is the equivalent magnetic current conduction direction of the second signal on the outer surface of the second radiating unit. The first component is distributed within a first angular range; the second component is distributed within a second angular range; wherein, the first component is the signal component in the first signal whose radiation intensity is greater than a preset threshold when the first signal is transmitted to a specified distance range through the first radiating element; the second component is the signal component in the second signal whose radiation intensity is greater than the preset threshold when the second signal is transmitted to the specified distance range through the second radiating element; under the condition that the first antenna is an inverted-F antenna IFA and the second antenna is a planar inverted-F antenna PIFA, the first angular range is the angle where the main lobe width of the IFA is located, the second angular range is the angle where the main lobe width of the PIFA is located, and the angle corresponding to the main lobe width of the IFA and the angle corresponding to the main lobe width of the PIFA are complementary.

2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first feed point is connected to the first radiating unit via a first feed line; the position of the node connecting the first feed line and the first radiating unit is adjustable.

3. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of first antennas is at least two; the number of second antennas is at least two; each first antenna is adjacent to a second antenna; each second antenna is adjacent to a first antenna.

4. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first angle range is different from the second angle range.

5. An antenna device, characterized in that, The device includes at least two antenna modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The device includes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array; the MIMO antenna array includes at least two antenna modules.

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