Flexible electronic device

Abstract

A flexible electronic device includes a protruding unit, a flexible substrate, and a plurality of sensing units. The flexible substrate is disposed on the protruding unit and includes a deformation area, and the deformation area corresponds to the protruding unit. The sensing units are disposed on the flexible substrate, wherein at least one of the sensing units overlaps the deformation area. A ratio of an area of the deformation area to an area of one of the at least one of the sensing units is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 2222.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a flexible electronic device, and more particularly to a flexible electronic device comprising protruding units. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, flexible electronic devices have been widely used in a wide variety of electronic products, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, televisions, automotive displays, and wearable devices. As the application of electronic products becomes more widespread, manufacturers continue to develop new flexible electronic devices, with higher expectations for user experience and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a flexible electronic device in which, by designing an appropriate ratio between the area of ​​the deformable region of the flexible substrate and the area of ​​the sensing unit disposed on the flexible substrate, the sensing unit is not easily damaged by the deformation of the flexible substrate when the flexible substrate is deformed by the protruding unit, and good sensing effect can be maintained.

[0004] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a flexible electronic device comprising a protruding unit, a flexible substrate, and a plurality of sensing units. The flexible substrate is disposed on the protruding unit and includes a deformable region corresponding to the protruding unit. Sensing units are disposed on the flexible substrate, wherein at least one of the sensing units overlaps with the deformable region. The ratio of the area of ​​the deformable region to the area of ​​at least one of the sensing units is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 2222. Attached Figure Description

[0005] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0006] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0007] Figures 3 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 10This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 11 This is a top view schematic diagram of a portion of a flexible electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 12 For along Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the cross section of the tangent A-A'.

[0014] Figure 13 This is a top view schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 14 This is a top view schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 19 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 22 This is a top view of the vibrating substrate according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10 - Flexible electronic device; 100, 200 - Protruding units; 100a, 100b - Parts; 102 - Flexible substrate; 102i - Bevel; 104 - Sensing unit; 106, 106A, 106B - Deformable areas; 108 - Panel; 110, 112, 116, 118, 176 - Sensing electrodes; 114 - Bridging electrodes; 120, 148 - Openings; 122, 124, 154 - Light-emitting elements; 126 - Light sensor ; 128, 130, 152 - Thin-film transistors; 132, 188 - Piezoelectric material layers; 134, 136, 190, 192, IN1-IN7 - Insulating layers; 138, 140, 194, 196 - Electrodes; 142 - Electronic unit, display unit; 144 - Main part; 146 - Connection part; 150 - Buffer layer; 156 - First electrode; 158 - Second electrode; 160 - First semiconductor layer; 162 - Light-emitting layer; 164 - Second semiconductor layer; 1 66, 168 - Bonding pads; 170 - Pixel definition layer; 172 - Protective layer; 174 - Intermediate substrate; 178, 180 - Signal lines; 182, 184, 2041, 2043, 2045 - Adhesive layers; 186 - Substrate; 198 - Air gap; 2021, 2023, 2025 - Vibrator; 2061, 2063 - Side edges; 208 - Vibrating substrate; 210 - Adhesive layer; 220 - Patterned piezoelectric material layer; DE - Drain; D1, D2 - Line; GE - Gate; H1, H2 - Height; J1, J2 - Region; K1, K2 - Patterned portion; L1, P2 - Length; N1, N3 - Highest point; N2, N4 - Lowest point; R1, R2 - Range; P1 - Spacing; Q1, Q2 - Central region; Q3, Q4 - Side region; R1, R2 - Range; SC - Semiconductor layer; SE - Source; S1, S2 - Side; Tx, Rx - Sensing electrode string; Wa, Wb - Width; X, Y, Z - Direction; α - Angle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention can be understood by referring to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding and to keep the drawings concise, many of the drawings in this invention only depict a portion of the electronic device, and specific components in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Furthermore, the number and size of the components in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] Throughout this specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same elements. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that have the same function but different names. In the following specification and claims, words such as "containing" and "comprising" are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as "containing but not limited to...".

[0027] The directional terms used herein, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are merely for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. In the accompanying drawings, the various figures illustrate general features of the methods, structures, and / or materials used in specific embodiments. However, these figures should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative dimensions, thicknesses, and positions of various films, regions, and / or structures may be reduced or enlarged.

[0028] It should be understood that when an element or membrane is referred to as being "on," "set on," or "connected to" another element or membrane, it can be directly on or directly connected to that other element or membrane, or there may be an inserted element or membrane between them (indirect cases). Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly set on," or "directly connected to" another element or membrane, there may be no inserted element or membrane between them. Furthermore, the arrangement relationships between different elements can be interpreted according to the contents of the drawings.

[0029] The terms “approximately,” “equal to,” “same,” “substantially,” or “roughly” are generally interpreted as being within 20% of a given value or range, or as being within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of a given value or range.

[0030] Although the terms first, second, third… can be used to describe multiple components, the components are not limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish a single component from other components in the specification. The same terms may not be used in the claims, but rather replaced by first, second, third… in the order of the elements declared in the claims. Therefore, in the following description, a first component may be a second component in the claims.

[0031] It should be understood that the technical features of several different embodiments can be replaced, reorganized, or mixed to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0032] The electronic device of this invention may include a display device, a backlight device, an antenna device, a sensing device, or a splicing device, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device may be bendable, flexible, or rollable. The display device may include a non-self-emissive display device or a self-emissive display device, but is not limited thereto. The antenna device may be a liquid crystal type antenna device or a non-liquid crystal type antenna device, and the sensing device may be a sensing device for sensing capacitance, light, heat, pressure, electromagnetic waves, or ultrasound, but is not limited thereto.

[0033] Electronic components or electronic units may include passive and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, and light-emitting elements. Diodes may include light-emitting diodes or photodiodes, but are not limited thereto. Light-emitting elements may be light-emitting diodes. Light-emitting diodes may include, for example, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), inorganic light-emitting diodes, or combinations thereof. Inorganic light-emitting diodes may be mini LEDs, micro LEDs, or quantum dot LEDs, but are not limited thereto. Splicing devices may be, for example, display splicing devices or antenna splicing devices, but are not limited thereto. It should be noted that electronic devices may be any arrangement or combination of the foregoing, but are not limited thereto.

[0034] The following diagram illustrates a first direction (X), a second direction (Y), and a third direction (Z). Direction Z can be a normal direction or a top-view direction. Directions X and Y can be horizontal and perpendicular to direction Z, and direction X can be perpendicular to direction Y, but this is not a limitation. The following diagram can be used to describe the spatial relationships of the structure based on directions X, Y, and Z.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The flexible electronic device 10 may include a protruding unit 100, a flexible substrate 102, and a plurality of sensing units 104, but is not limited thereto. The flexible substrate 102 may be disposed on the protruding unit 100 and includes a deformable region 106, and the deformable region 106 may correspond to the protruding unit 100. For example, the deformable region 106 may be protruded by the protruding unit 100, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding unit 100 may be rectangular, but is not limited thereto. The protruding unit 100 may have different shapes depending on different designs. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sensing unit 104 may be disposed on the flexible substrate 102, and at least one of the sensing units 104 may overlap with the deformation region 106 in the Z direction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of ​​the deformable region 106 to the area of ​​one of the sensing units 104 may be within an appropriate range, for example, greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 2222, but is not limited thereto. Thus, by appropriately designing the ratio of the area of ​​the deformable region 106 of the flexible substrate 102 to the area of ​​the sensing unit 104 disposed on the flexible substrate 102, when the flexible substrate 102 deforms due to the protruding unit 100, the sensing unit 104 is less likely to be damaged by the deformation of the flexible substrate 102, and good sensing performance can be maintained, thereby improving the user experience and reliability of the flexible electronic device 10. For example, when a user's finger touches the deformable region 106, the sensing unit 104 can correctly sense the touch.

[0037] like Figure 2 In some embodiments, the area of ​​the deformable region 106 may be greater than or equal to 26 square millimeters and less than half the area of ​​the flexible substrate 102, thereby improving the user experience and reliability of the flexible electronic device 10. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the deformable region 106 may be less than 26 square millimeters, and the stress generated by the deformation may be too great, making the wires or other electronic components on the flexible substrate 102 more susceptible to damage. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the deformable region 106 may be greater than half the area of ​​the flexible substrate 102, and the deformation effect may be less effective, making it less likely for the user's fingers to feel the deformable region 106. However, the present invention can still be designed with the above dimensions according to actual needs.

[0038] One way to define the area of ​​the aforementioned deformable region 106 is through... Figure 1 To explain, Figure 1 The flexible electronic device 10 may include a panel 108, and the panel 108 may include a flexible substrate 102 and a sensing unit 104, but the present invention is not limited thereto. When the deformable region 106 is protruded by the protruding unit 100, there is a height H1 between the highest point N1 and the lowest point N2 of the upper surface of the panel 108 in the Z direction. Although Figure 1 The upper surface of the middle panel 108 is represented by the upper surface of the sensing unit 104, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0039] Next, a height H2 can be calculated, which is 0.9 times the height H1 (i.e., H2 = 0.9H1). The height H2 can also be calculated from the lowest point N2 on the upper surface of panel 108 upward along the Z direction. Figure 1In the diagram, the position of height H2 is represented by line D1. Line D1 can be a virtual straight line parallel to direction X. The intersection of line D1 and the upper surface of panel 108 defines the range R1. The projection of the flexible substrate 102 within range R1 onto a plane parallel to direction X (e.g., the XY plane, the plane defined by direction X (first direction) and direction Y (second direction)) can be defined as the area of ​​the deformable region 106 of the flexible substrate 102. The deformable region 106 is also drawn on... Figure 2 Furthermore, the definition of the area of ​​the aforementioned deformable region 106 can also be applied to other embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the height H1 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm (i.e., 0.5 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 50 mm), which can improve the user experience and reliability of the flexible electronic device 10. In some embodiments, the height H1 can be greater than 50 mm, and the stress generated by deformation may be too great, making the wires or other electronic components on the flexible substrate 102 more susceptible to damage. In some embodiments, the height H1 can be less than 0.5 mm, and the deformation effect may be less effective, making it less likely for the user's fingers to feel the deformation area 106. However, the present invention can still be designed with the above dimensions according to actual needs.

[0041] In some embodiments, a portion of one of the sensing units 104 may overlap with the deformable region 106, but this is not a limitation. In some embodiments, one of the sensing units 104 may completely overlap with the deformable region 106, but this is not a limitation. In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 is capable of sensing touch, but this is not a limitation. In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 is capable of sensing biometric features such as fingerprints, but this is not a limitation.

[0042] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the deformable region 106 may be greater than or equal to 26.01 square millimeters and less than or equal to 10,000 square millimeters, and in at least one sensing unit 104 overlapping with the deformable region 106, the area of ​​one of the sensing units 104 may be greater than or equal to 4.5 square millimeters and less than or equal to 18 square millimeters.

[0043] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 may include a capacitive sensor, a pressure sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the plurality of sensing units 104 in the flexible electronic device 10 may be a plurality of sensors of the same type as described above, such as a plurality of capacitive sensors. In some embodiments, the plurality of sensing units 104 in the flexible electronic device 10 may be a plurality of sensors of different types as described above, such as a plurality of capacitive sensors and a plurality of optical sensors.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 may be the smallest unit capable of generating a sensor. Please refer to... Figures 3 to 6 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present invention. For example... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sensing unit 104 may include a capacitive sensor, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the capacitive sensor may be used as a touch sensor, and may include a self-inductance or mutual inductance touch sensor, but is not limited thereto. Figure 3 In some embodiments, a plurality of sensing electrode strings Tx and a plurality of sensing electrode strings Rx may constitute a plurality of capacitive sensors 104, but are not limited thereto. One sensing electrode string Tx may include a plurality of sensing electrodes 110 arranged along the X direction and electrically connected to each other. One sensing electrode string Rx may include a plurality of sensing electrodes 112 and a plurality of bridging electrodes 114, the sensing electrodes 112 may be arranged along the Y direction, and two adjacent sensing electrodes 112 may be electrically connected to each other through a bridging electrode 114. The sensing electrodes 110 and 112 may include transparent conductive materials, but are not limited thereto. Figure 3 One of the sensing electrodes 110 or one of the sensing electrodes 112 can be used as a sensing unit (capacitive sensor) 104. Therefore, the area of ​​a sensing unit 104 can be the area of ​​a sensing electrode 110 or a sensing electrode 112, but is not limited thereto.

[0045] like Figure 4 In some embodiments, a plurality of sensing electrodes 116 and a plurality of sensing electrodes 118 are disposed on the flexible substrate 102 and electrically insulated from each other, thereby constituting a plurality of capacitive sensors, but not limited thereto. Sensing electrodes 116 may extend in direction X, and sensing electrodes 118 may extend in direction Y. Sensing electrodes 116 and 118 may be interleaved, wherein the overlapping portion of sensing electrodes 116 and 118 can serve as a sensing unit (capacitive sensor) 104. Therefore, the area of ​​a sensing unit 104 may be the area of ​​the overlapping portion of a sensing electrode 116 and a sensing electrode 118, but not limited thereto. Furthermore, sensing electrodes 116 and 118 may be interleaved to form a plurality of openings 120, and the flexible electronic device 10 may include a plurality of light-emitting elements 122 disposed within the openings 120, but not limited thereto. The types of light-emitting elements 122 can be referred to the foregoing paragraphs and will not be repeated here.

[0046] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 may include an optical sensor, but is not limited thereto. Figure 5 The flexible electronic device 10 may include at least one light-emitting element 124 and at least one photosensor 126 disposed on the flexible substrate 102. The types of light-emitting elements 124 are described in the preceding paragraphs and will not be repeated here. Figure 5 As shown, the light-emitting element 124 may include an inorganic light-emitting diode, such as an LED, but is not limited thereto. The light sensor 126 may include a photodiode, such as a PIN photodiode, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, a light sensor 126 may serve as a sensing unit 104, and the area of ​​a sensing unit 104 may be the area of ​​a light sensor 126 as viewed from direction Z, but is not limited thereto. The flexible electronic device 10 may also include at least one thin-film transistor 128 and at least one thin-film transistor 130. The thin-film transistor 128 may be disposed between the light-emitting element 124 and the flexible substrate 102, and the thin-film transistor 130 may be disposed between the light sensor 126 and the flexible substrate 102. The thin-film transistor 128 may be electrically connected to the light-emitting element 124, and the thin-film transistor 130 may be electrically connected to the light sensor 126, but is not limited thereto.

[0047] In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 may include a pressure sensor, but is not limited thereto. Figure 6 The pressure sensor may include, but is not limited to, a piezoelectric material layer 132, an insulating layer 134, an insulating layer 136, a plurality of electrodes 138, and a plurality of electrodes 140. The piezoelectric material layer 132 may be disposed between the plurality of electrodes 138 and the plurality of electrodes 140. The piezoelectric material layer 132 may be disposed between the insulating layers 134 and 136, the electrodes 138 may be disposed between the piezoelectric material layer 132 and the insulating layer 134, and the electrodes 140 may be disposed between the piezoelectric material layer 132 and the insulating layer 136. Furthermore, the electrodes 140 and 138 may overlap in the Z-direction, but are not limited thereto. In some embodiments, one electrode 140 or one electrode 138 may serve as a sensing unit 104, and the area of ​​a sensing unit 104 may be the area of ​​one electrode 140 or one electrode 138 as viewed from the Z-direction, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the sensing unit 104 may include an electromagnetic sensor, but is not limited thereto.

[0048] Please refer to this again. Figure 1 The flexible substrate 102 may have a bevel 102i, and the bevel 102i and a horizontal direction (such as direction X) may have an included angle α. In some embodiments, the length of the bevel 102i may be greater than or equal to 0.53 mm and less than or equal to 2.87 mm, the included angle α may be greater than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 70 degrees, and the number of sensing units 104 disposed on the bevel 102i may be greater than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 1.9. In this way, the user experience and reliability of the flexible electronic device 10 can be improved, but it is not limited thereto.

[0049] In some embodiments, the length of the hypotenuse 102i may be less than 0.53 mm or the included angle α may be greater than 70 degrees, the number of sensing units 104 may be less than 0.2, and the sensing units 104 on the hypotenuse 102i may be prone to breakage. In some embodiments, the length of the hypotenuse 102i may be greater than 2.87 mm or the included angle α may be less than 10 degrees, the number of sensing units 104 may be greater than 1.9, the deformation effect may be poor, and the user's fingers may not be able to feel the deformation area 106 as easily. However, users of the present invention can still make the above-mentioned size design according to actual needs.

[0050] In some embodiments, the flexible substrate 102 may be a single substrate without any opening therein (e.g., Figure 1 However, this is not the limitation. In some embodiments, the flexible substrate 102 may have an opening therein (e.g., Figure 11 (etc.), but not limited thereto. The flexible substrate 102 may include a flexible or stretchable material. For example, the flexible substrate 102 may include a polymeric material, such as polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but not limited thereto. The flexible substrate 102 may be a substrate for carrying the sensing unit 104 and may not include an overlying wiring layer, but is not limited thereto.

[0051] In some embodiments, the protruding unit 100 may include an actuator, which may be configured to provide haptic feedback, but is not limited thereto. For example, Figure 1 The protruding unit 100 can protrude in the Z direction via an actuator to generate tactile feedback, and the deformable region 106 can be protruded by the protruding unit 100, but is not limited thereto. The actuator may include a motor or other elements capable of generating vibration, but is not limited thereto.

[0052] According to some embodiments, the protruding unit 100 is described using an actuator as an example. For example, when the actuator is not yet activated, the actuator (protruding unit 100) does not cause the flexible substrate 102 to protrude, so the flexible substrate 102 can be flat at this time. When the actuator is activated, the flexible substrate 102 can be protruded by the actuator (protruding unit 100), thereby forming a deformable region 106 on the flexible substrate 102, but this is not a limitation. In other words, the portion of the flexible substrate 102 protruded by the protruding unit 100 is the deformable region 106. In other embodiments, the position of the protruding unit 100 can be designed to be fixed and does not need to be activated. That is, when the flexible substrate 102 is initially placed on the protruding unit 100, the flexible substrate 102 is already protruded by the protruding unit 100 to form the deformable region 106, but this is not a limitation.

[0053] According to some embodiments, a portion of the flexible substrate 102 protrudes from the protruding unit 100, allowing the user to easily touch the protruding portion of the flexible substrate 102 and thus easily touch the sensing unit 104 corresponding to the protruding unit 100, which can help ensure the accuracy of sensing.

[0054] Other embodiments of the present invention will continue to be described in detail below. For the sake of simplicity, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to the same elements. To highlight the differences between the embodiments, the differences between the different embodiments will be described in detail below, and repeated technical features will not be repeated. To highlight the relevant features of other elements in the flexible electronic device 10, the following figures (e.g.) Figure 7 (etc.) The sensing unit 104 in the flexible electronic device 10 may be omitted from the illustration. However, the flexible electronic device 10 in the following figures may still include the sensing unit 104 in the flexible electronic device 10 of the first embodiment. The effects that the flexible electronic device in the following embodiments can achieve can be referred to the effects of the aforementioned first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may include a plurality of protruding units, such as protruding unit 100 and protruding unit 200, but is not limited thereto. Figure 7 The cross-sectional shape of protruding unit 100 and protruding unit 200 may be bullet-shaped, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, protruding unit 100 and protruding unit 200 may have different shapes or sizes.

[0056] Another way to define the area of ​​the deformable region 106 is through Figure 7 To explain, taking the protruding unit 100 as an example, when the deformable region 106 is protruded by the protruding unit 100, there is a height H1 between the highest point N3 and the lowest point N4 of the lower surface of the panel 108 in the Z direction. Although Figure 7 The lower surface of the middle panel 108 is represented by the lower surface of the flexible substrate 102, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0057] Next, the height H2 can be calculated, and the height H2 is 0.9 times the height H1 (i.e., H2 = 0.9H1). The height H2 can be calculated from the lowest point N4 on the lower surface of panel 108 upward along the Z direction. Figure 7In the diagram, the position of height H2 is represented by line D2. Line D2 can be a virtual straight line parallel to direction X. The intersection of line D2 and the lower surface of panel 108 defines the range R2. The projection of the flexible substrate 102 within range R2 onto a plane parallel to direction X (e.g., the XY plane, the plane defined by directions X and Y) can be defined as the area of ​​the deformable region 106 of the flexible substrate 102. The deformable region 106 is also drawn on... Figure 8 Furthermore, the definition of the area of ​​the aforementioned deformable region 106 can also be applied to other embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 The flexible electronic device 10 may also include a plurality of electronic units 142 disposed on the flexible substrate 102. According to some embodiments, the ratio of the area of ​​the deformable region 106 to the area of ​​one of the plurality of electronic units 142 may be greater than or equal to 53.08 and less than or equal to 1,000,000, but is not limited thereto.

[0059] According to some embodiments, the electronic unit 142 may be a display unit. According to some embodiments, the electronic unit 142 may be a non-display unit without display function; for ease of explanation, the following description uses the electronic unit 142 as a display unit 142. The flexible electronic device 10 may include a panel 108, and the panel 108 may include a flexible substrate 102, a plurality of display units 142, and a plurality of sensing units 104. Figure 7 (Not shown), but the invention is not limited thereto. Furthermore, at least one of the plurality of display units 142 may overlap with the deformable region 106. For example, it may overlap with the deformable region 106 in the Z direction. In some embodiments, a portion of one of the display units 142 may overlap with the deformable region 106, but this is not a limitation. In some embodiments, one of the display units 142 may completely overlap with the deformable region 106, but this is not a limitation.

[0060] For ease of explanation, Figure 7 In this case, only a plurality of display units 142 are displayed on the flexible substrate 120. However, it is understood that a plurality of sensing units 104 may also be provided on the flexible substrate 120, such as... Figure 1 As shown. According to some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of display units 142 and a plurality of sensing units 104 may be disposed on the flexible substrate 102. For ease of explanation, Figure 8The small squares shown can represent a plurality of display units 142 and a plurality of sensing units 104. The number of display units 142 and the number of sensing units 104 are not limited. Within a given area, the number of display units 142 and the number of sensing units 104 can be the same or different; for example, according to some embodiments, the number of display units 142 can be greater than the number of sensing units 104. The area of ​​the display units 142 and the area of ​​the sensing units 104 are not limited and can be the same or different. For example, according to some embodiments, the area of ​​the display units 142 can be smaller than the area of ​​the sensing units 104. For example, according to some embodiments, the area of ​​the display units 142 can be larger than the area of ​​the sensing units 104.

[0061] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the deformable region 106 may be greater than or equal to 26.01 square millimeters and less than or equal to 10,000 square millimeters. Among at least one display unit 142 overlapping the deformable region 106, the area of ​​one of the display units 142 may be greater than or equal to 0.01 square millimeters and less than or equal to 0.49 square millimeters. The ratio of the area of ​​the deformable region 106 to the area of ​​one of the plurality of display units 142 may be greater than or equal to 53.08 and less than or equal to 1,000,000, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the area of ​​the smallest deformable region 106 may include at least 53.08 display units 142, and the display units 142 may be less susceptible to damage from stress caused by deformation.

[0062] In some embodiments, a display unit 142 may be a pixel, and a pixel may include a plurality of sub-pixels. A pixel may include sub-pixels of different colors, for example, including red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels, and blue sub-pixels, but is not limited thereto. When the flexible electronic device 10 is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device, a sub-pixel may include an anode, an organic light-emitting layer, and a portion of a cathode. When the flexible electronic device 10 is an inorganic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device, a sub-pixel may include a light-emitting element, such as a light-emitting diode (LED). The types of light-emitting elements can be referred to in the preceding paragraphs, but are not limited thereto. When the flexible electronic device 10 is a liquid crystal display device, a sub-pixel may include a pixel electrode, a portion of liquid crystal, and a portion of a common electrode.

[0063] According to some embodiments, for example, a display unit 142 may include a rectangular area, the area of ​​which may be the product of the lengths of two mutually perpendicular sides, wherein one side length may be the distance between a sub-pixel and the next sub-pixel of the same color in one direction, and the other side length may be the distance between the sub-pixel and the next sub-pixel of the same color in another direction, wherein the two directions may be mutually perpendicular, and the area of ​​this rectangular area may be used as the area of ​​the display unit 142, but is not limited thereto.

[0064] like Figure 8 The protruding units 100 and 200 can be arranged along a direction (e.g., direction X). The protruding units 100 and 200 can have a spacing P1 in direction X, and the flexible substrate 102 can have a length P2 in direction X. The spacing P1 can be greater than or equal to 3 cm and less than or equal to 0.8 times the length P2. This can improve the user experience of the flexible electronic device 10, but is not a limitation. In some embodiments, the spacing P1 can be less than 3 cm, making it easier for the deformation of the protruding units 100 and 200 to interfere with each other. In some embodiments, the spacing P1 can be greater than 0.8 times the length P2, which may result in less effective deformation of the protruding units 100 and 200, but the present invention can still be designed with the above dimensions according to actual needs.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding unit 100 may be rectangular, and the display unit 142 may be disposed on the flexible substrate 102, but this is not a limitation. Figure 9 The upper surface of the display unit 142 can be used as the upper surface of the panel 108. There is a height H1 between the highest point and the lowest point of the upper surface of the display unit 142 in the Z direction. The height H2 can be measured upward from the lowest point of the upper surface of the display unit 142 in the Z direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Figure 9 The definition of the deformable region 106 in the first embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. Figure 1 The definition method is the same as above, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] In some embodiments, the length of the bevel 102i may be greater than or equal to 0.53 mm and less than or equal to 2.87 mm, but is not limited thereto. When the display unit 142 has a small size, a length L1 of the display unit 142 may be, for example, about 0.115 mm, but is not limited thereto. When the display unit 142 has a large size, the length L1 of the display unit 142 may be, for example, about 0.628 mm, but is not limited thereto. Therefore, the number of display units 142 disposed on the bevel 102i may be greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 25, thereby improving the user experience and reliability of the flexible electronic device 10, but is not limited thereto.

[0067] In some embodiments, the length of the hypotenuse 102i may be less than 0.53 mm or the included angle α may be greater than 70 degrees, and the number of display units 142 may be less than 0.8. The display units 142 on the hypotenuse 102i are more easily damaged. In some embodiments, the length of the hypotenuse 102i may be greater than 2.87 mm or the included angle α may be less than 10 degrees, and the number of display units 142 may be greater than 25. In this case, the deformation effect may be less effective and the user's fingers may not be able to feel the deformation area 106 as easily. However, the present invention can still be designed with the above dimensions according to actual needs.

[0068] In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may include a central region Q1 and a plurality of side regions Q3. For example... Figure 9 The central region Q1 may be positioned between the two side regions Q3 in the X direction, but is not limited thereto. The side regions Q3 may include a curved portion of the flexible substrate 102, a flat portion adjacent to a portion of the curved portion, and a display unit 142 disposed on the aforementioned portion. The central region Q1 may include the flat portion of the remaining portion of the flexible substrate 102 and the display unit 142 disposed on this portion, but is not limited thereto. The display unit 142 in the central region Q1 can be turned on while the display unit 142 in the side regions Q3 is turned off, so that the area emitting light is smaller than the protruding area. This avoids halos caused by the display unit 142 in the side regions Q3 emitting light from different viewing angles.

[0069] In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may include a central region Q2 and a plurality of side regions Q4. For example... Figure 9 The central region Q2 may be positioned between the two side regions Q4 in the X direction, but is not limited thereto. The side regions Q4 may include a curved portion of the flexible substrate 102 and a display unit 142 disposed thereon, while the central region Q2 may include a flat portion of the flexible substrate 102 and a display unit 142 disposed thereon, but is not limited thereto. The display unit 142 in the central region Q2 can be turned off and the display unit 142 in the side regions Q4 can be turned on, causing the edges of the protruding areas to emit light. Thus, when the flexible electronic device 10 is used as a button, the area of ​​the button can be highlighted in a ring shape, but is not limited thereto.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 10This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The protruding unit 100 of the present invention can have different shapes depending on the design. For example, in some embodiments, the protruding unit 100 may include a portion 100a and a portion 100b, where portion 100a may be disposed on portion 100b in direction Z, but this is not a limitation. Portion 100a may have a width Wa in direction X, and portion 100b may have a width Wb in direction X, and the widths Wa and Wb may be different. For example, the width Wb may be greater than the width Wa, but this is not a limitation.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 This is a top view schematic diagram of a portion of a flexible electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 For along Figure 11 A cross-sectional view along tangent A-A'. In some embodiments, the flexible substrate 102 may include a patterned substrate. For example, the flexible substrate 102 may include a plurality of main portions 144 and a plurality of connecting portions 146, wherein one main portion 144 may be disposed between two adjacent connecting portions 146. According to some embodiments, two adjacent main portions 144 are connected to each other. Specifically, two adjacent main portions 144 may be connected to each other through one of the connecting portions 146, but this is not a limitation. Furthermore, the flexible substrate 102 may include a plurality of openings 148, and the openings 148 may be surrounded by the main portions 144 and the connecting portions 146, but this is not a limitation. In some embodiments, the entire flexible substrate 102 may be patterned to have a plurality of openings 148, a plurality of main portions 144, and a plurality of connecting portions 146, but this is not a limitation. In the flexible substrate 102 of some embodiments, openings 148 of different shapes and sizes may be designed as needed.

[0072] Furthermore, the deformable region 106 may include at least one of a plurality of main portions 144. In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the deformable region 106 may include a plurality of main portions 144. In the flexible substrate 102, the range of a main portion 144 may be a unit on which display units 142 are disposed and enclosed by an opening 148. For example, in the flexible substrate 102, a rectangular unit enclosed by display units 142 and bounded by an opening 148 may be included. Figure 11 The portion enclosed by the dashed line can be the range of the main portion 144. For example, at least one side or at least one corner of the rectangular element can contact the boundary of the corresponding opening 148. For example, as... Figure 11As shown, the rectangular unit enclosed by the dashed line has three sides that contact the boundaries of the corresponding three openings 148, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, in some embodiments, the area of ​​a main portion 144 may be the area of ​​the rectangular unit enclosed by the openings 148 on the flexible substrate 102 where the display unit 142 is disposed.

[0073] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the deformable region 106 may be greater than or equal to 26.01 square millimeters and less than or equal to 10,000 square millimeters. The area of ​​one of the plurality of main portions 144 may be greater than or equal to 0.02 square millimeters and less than or equal to 1 square millimeter. In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of ​​the deformable region 106 to the area of ​​one of the plurality of main portions 144 may be greater than or equal to 26.01 and less than or equal to 500,000, but is not limited thereto. Thus, when the flexible substrate 102 deforms, for example, when the flexible substrate 102 is protruded by the protruding unit, the display unit 142 is less likely to be damaged by the stress generated by the deformation. Furthermore, the sensing unit 104 is less likely to be damaged by the stress generated by the deformation and can perform sensing correctly. When the flexible substrate 102 is protruded by the protruding unit 100 to form a deformable region 106, the following may occur: the shape and / or size of the opening 148 may change, or the relative position between the main parts 144 may change, or the connecting part 146 may be elongated, or a combination of the above, but not limited thereto.

[0074] In some embodiments, one or more display units 142 may be provided on a main portion 144. For example... Figure 11 A main part 144 may be equipped with a display unit 142, but this is not a limitation. The connecting part 146 does not have a display unit 142. Although Figure 11 and Figure 12 Sensing unit 104 is not shown, but one or more sensing units 104 or at least a portion of a sensing unit 104 may be provided on one of the main portions 144.

[0075] The following example illustrates the structure of a sub-pixel in the display unit 142 on the main part 144, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Figure 12 For along Figure 11 A cross-sectional diagram of the tangent A-A' is shown, illustrating the structure on the two main parts 144. For example... Figure 11 As shown, a display unit 142 is disposed on a main portion 144. The display unit 142 may include a plurality of sub-pixels, for example, three sub-pixels. Figure 12Only the structure of a single sub-pixel in display unit 142 on the two main portions 144 is shown. Display unit 142 may include light-emitting element 154 and driving element 152. Driving element 152 may be electrically connected to light-emitting element 154. For example, driving element 152 may be a thin-film transistor.

[0076] The following details the structure of the main portion 144. A buffer layer 150 may be disposed on the main portion 144, and a thin-film transistor 152 may be disposed on the buffer layer 150. The thin-film transistor 152 may include a gate GE, a source SE, a drain DE, and a semiconductor layer SC. The semiconductor layer SC may be disposed on the buffer layer 150, an insulating layer IN1 may be disposed on the semiconductor layer SC, the gate GE may be disposed on the insulating layer IN1, and an insulating layer IN2 may be disposed on the gate GE. The source SE and drain DE may be disposed on the insulating layer IN2 and electrically connected to the semiconductor layer SC. An insulating layer IN3 may be disposed on the source SE and drain DE, and a light-emitting element 154 may be disposed on the insulating layer IN3.

[0077] Figure 12 The light-emitting element 154 in this paper is exemplified by an inorganic light-emitting diode (LED), but the invention is not limited thereto. The light-emitting element 154 may include a first electrode 156, a second electrode 158, a first semiconductor layer 160, a light-emitting layer 162, and a second semiconductor layer 164. The light-emitting layer 162 may be, for example, a multiple quantum well (MQW) layer, but is not limited thereto. The first electrode 156 can be electrically connected to a shared electrode (not shown) via a bonding pad 166. The second electrode 158 can be electrically connected to the drain electrode DE via a bonding pad 168.

[0078] A pixel definition layer 170 may be disposed on the insulating layer IN3, and a light-emitting element 154 may be disposed within an opening in the pixel definition layer 170. A protective layer 172 may cover the light-emitting element 154, and the protective layer 172 may protect the light-emitting element 154 to reduce the effects of, for example, air or humidity. In addition, an insulating layer IN4 may be disposed on the protective layer 172.

[0079] In some embodiments (such as) Figure 11 and Figure 12The flexible electronic device 10 may include an intermediate substrate 174 disposed between the flexible substrate 102 and the protruding unit 100, but is not limited thereto. The intermediate substrate 174 may include, but is not limited to, a material that is elastic, stretchable, or bendable. For example, the intermediate substrate 174 may include silicone rubber or an elastomer. The silicone rubber may include polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and the elastomer may include polyurethane (PU) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), but is not limited thereto. The intermediate substrate 174 may reduce the probability of damage to the flexible electronic device 10 upon deformation. According to some embodiments, the area of ​​the intermediate substrate 174 may be larger than the area of ​​the protruding unit 100, and the area of ​​the protruding unit 100 may be larger than the area of ​​the main portion 144, but is not limited thereto.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 13 This is a top view schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may include a plurality of protruding units, such as protruding units 100 and 200. The flexible substrate 102 includes deformable regions 106A and 106B. Deformable region 106A corresponds to protruding unit 100, and deformable region 106B corresponds to protruding unit 200. The area of ​​deformable region 106B and the area of ​​deformable region 106A may be different. For example, the area of ​​deformable region 106B may be larger than the area of ​​deformable region 106A, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, in the Z direction, the number of main portions 144 corresponding to (or overlapping with) protruding unit 200 and the number of main portions 144 corresponding to (or overlapping with) protruding unit 100 may be different. For example, the number of main portions 144 corresponding to (or overlapping with) protruding unit 200 may be greater than the number of main portions 144 corresponding to (or overlapping with) protruding unit 100, but is not limited thereto.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 14 This is a top view schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. To highlight the features of this embodiment, Figure 14 The intermediate substrate 174 is omitted from the drawing. In some embodiments, the flexible substrate 102 may include one or more patterned portions (such as...). Figure 14 The patterned portions K1 and K2 in the figure may include an opening 148, a main portion 144, and a connecting portion 146. The patterned portions may be correspondingly disposed on the protruding unit 100 in the Z direction, and the number of patterned portions may be the same as the number of protruding units 100. However, the number of patterned portions and the number of protruding units 100 in this invention are not proportional. Figure 14 Limited to this. Furthermore, such as... Figure 14A plurality of display units 142 may be provided on a main portion 144, but this is not a limitation. Therefore, a portion of the flexible substrate 102 may be patterned while another portion of the flexible substrate 102 may not be patterned, but this is not a limitation.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, a plurality of display units 142 may be disposed between the flexible substrate 102 and a plurality of sensing units 104 in the Z direction, but this is not limited thereto. The protective layer 172 may include a flat upper surface, and a plurality of sensing electrodes 176 in the sensing units 104 may be disposed on the upper surface of the protective layer 172, but this is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the sensing electrodes 176 may be metal wires in a metal mesh structure, but this is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, a plurality of light-emitting elements 154 may be disposed on a main portion 144, but this is not limited thereto.

[0083] The flexible electronic device 10 may further include a plurality of signal lines 178 and a plurality of signal lines 180 disposed on the connection portion 146. The signal lines 178 may be disposed on the buffer layer 150, and the insulating layer IN2 may be disposed on the signal lines 178, and the signal lines 180 may be disposed on the insulating layer IN2, but are not limited thereto. Furthermore, the insulating layer IN4 may include a filler elastic material, but is not limited thereto. The signal lines 178 may be on the same layer as the gate GE in the thin-film transistor 152, and the signal lines 180 may be on the same layer as the drain DE, but are not limited thereto.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, a plurality of sensing units 104 may be disposed between a flexible substrate 102 and a plurality of display units 142, but this is not limited thereto. The flexible electronic device 10 may further include an insulating layer IN5, and the insulating layer IN5 may be disposed on the insulating layer IN3, but this is not limited thereto. The insulating layer IN5 may include a flat upper surface, and the sensing electrode 176 in the sensing unit 104 may be disposed on the upper surface of the insulating layer IN5. The sensing electrode 176 may be disposed on the main portion 144 and the connecting portion 146, but this is not limited thereto. The flexible electronic device 10 may further include an insulating layer IN6, the insulating layer IN6 may be disposed on the insulating layer IN5, a portion of the sensing electrode 176 may be disposed between the insulating layer IN5 and the insulating layer IN6, and the light-emitting element 154 may be disposed on the insulating layer IN6, but this is not limited thereto.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 17This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the sensing unit 104 and the display unit 142 may be disposed on opposite sides of the flexible substrate 102 in the Z direction, such that the flexible substrate 102 may be disposed between the sensing unit 104 and the display unit 142, but this is not a limitation. The sensing electrode 176 in the sensing unit 104 may be disposed on the intermediate substrate 174, that is, the sensing unit 104 may be disposed between the intermediate substrate 174 and the flexible substrate 102, but this is not a limitation. The flexible electronic device 10 may further include an insulating layer IN7, and the insulating layer IN7 may be disposed on the intermediate substrate 174 and may cover the sensing electrode 176, but this is not a limitation. The flexible electronic device 10 may further include an adhesive layer 182 disposed between the flexible substrate 102 and the insulating layer IN7, but this is not a limitation.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the protruding unit 100 may include a haptic actuator, and the protruding unit 100 may include a substrate 186, a piezoelectric material layer 188, an insulating layer 190, an insulating layer 192, a plurality of electrodes 194, and a plurality of electrodes 196, but is not limited thereto. The piezoelectric material layer 188, the plurality of electrodes 194, and the plurality of electrodes 196 may be disposed on the substrate 186. The piezoelectric material layer 188 may be disposed between the plurality of electrodes 194 and the plurality of electrodes 196. The insulating layer 190 may be disposed on the substrate 186, the piezoelectric material layer 188 may be disposed on the insulating layer 190, and the electrodes 194 may be disposed between the piezoelectric material layer 188 and the insulating layer 190. The insulating layer 192 may be disposed on the piezoelectric material layer 188, and the electrodes 196 may be disposed between the insulating layer 192 and the piezoelectric material layer 188. Electrode 196 and electrode 194 may overlap in the Z direction, but are not limited thereto.

[0087] Furthermore, the flexible electronic device 10 may include an adhesive layer 184 disposed between the insulating layer 192 and the intermediate substrate 174, allowing the protruding unit 100 to be adhered to the intermediate substrate 174 via the adhesive layer 184, but is not limited thereto. The protruding unit 100 may deform the piezoelectric material layer 188 by applying voltage to the electrodes 194 and 196.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 19This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the protruding unit 100 may include a haptic feedback actuator, and the protruding unit 100 may include a substrate 186, a piezoelectric material layer 188, an electrode 194, and an electrode 196, but is not limited thereto. The electrodes 194 and 196 may be disposed on the substrate 186, and the piezoelectric material layer 188 may be disposed between the electrodes 194 and 196. The protruding unit 100 may deform the piezoelectric material layer 188 by applying a voltage to the electrodes 194 and 196, and may create an air gap 198 between the substrate 186 and the intermediate substrate 174, but is not limited thereto.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may include a plurality of vibrators, such as a vibrator 2021, a vibrator 2023, and a vibrator 2025, but is not limited thereto. For example, vibrator 2021 may be disposed between the protruding unit 100 and the flexible substrate 102 in the Z direction. Vibrator 2023 may be disposed on one side S1 of the protruding unit 100 in the X direction, and may not overlap with the protruding unit 100 in the Z direction. Vibrator 2025 may be disposed on the other side S2 of the protruding unit 100 in the X direction, and may not overlap with the protruding unit 100 in the Z direction, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may also include a single vibrator, such as vibrator 2021, but is not limited thereto. The vibrator may include a vibration motor, but is not limited thereto.

[0090] The flexible electronic device 10 may include a plurality of adhesive layers, such as an adhesive layer 2041, an adhesive layer 2043, and an adhesive layer 2045, but is not limited thereto. For example, adhesive layer 2041 may be disposed between the vibrator 2021 and the flexible substrate 102, adhesive layer 2043 may be disposed between the vibrator 2023 and the flexible substrate 102, and adhesive layer 2045 may be disposed between the vibrator 2025 and the flexible substrate 102, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, an adhesive layer (not shown) may be disposed between the vibrator 2021 and the protruding unit 100, but is not limited thereto.

[0091] The protruding unit 100 may include a side edge 2061 and a side edge 2063 opposite to the side edge 2061, while the flexible electronic device 10 may include a region J1 and a region J2. The side edge 2061 may be disposed within region J1, and the side edge 2063 may be disposed within region J2. The vibrator may not be disposed within region J1 and / or region J2 to avoid damage to the vibrator due to deformation of the protruding unit 100. That is, according to some embodiments, in the Z direction, no vibrator is disposed at the positions of the two side edges 2061 and 2063 of the protruding unit 100.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 21 and Figure 22 , Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flexible electronic device according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 This is a top view schematic diagram of a vibrator substrate according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may include a vibrator substrate 208 and an adhesive layer 210, but is not limited thereto. For example, the vibrator substrate 208 may be disposed on the display unit 142, and the adhesive layer 210 may be disposed between the vibrator substrate 208 and the display unit 142, but is not limited thereto. The vibrator substrate 208 may be disposed on the upper surface of the panel 108, although... Figure 21 The upper surface of the middle panel 108 is represented by the upper surface of the display unit 142, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Figure 22 A patterned piezoelectric material layer 220 may be disposed on the vibrating substrate 208, and a voltage may be applied to the patterned piezoelectric material layer 220 to generate vibration, but this is not a limitation.

[0093] In some embodiments, although not shown, a vibrating layer (such as a piezoelectric material layer) may be disposed entirely on the upper surface of panel 108 (or on display unit 142), that is, the vibrating layer may not have a pattern. The vibrating layer may be formed by a coating process, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, although not shown, a plurality of vibrating layers may be disposed on the upper surface of panel 108, for example, one of the vibrating layers may be disposed on one of the light-emitting elements. In some embodiments (although not shown), a vibrating layer may be disposed on one of the main portions 144, and the vibrating layer may be formed by a coating process, but is not limited thereto. For example, a plurality of vibrating layers may be disposed on a plurality of light-emitting elements in panel 108 respectively. For example, three vibrating layers may be disposed on respectively. Figure 18 The three light-emitting elements 154 are specifically set on the three light-emitting elements 154. Figure 18 On the three separate portions of the insulating layer IN4 on the three light-emitting elements 154.

[0094] In this invention, the electrodes may include metals, alloys, transparent conductive materials, other suitable conductive materials, or combinations thereof, but are not limited thereto. The insulating layer may include inorganic insulating materials, organic insulating materials, other suitable insulating materials, or combinations thereof, but are not limited thereto.

[0095] In some embodiments, the flexible electronic device 10 may be applied within a vehicle. For example, it may be applied to the steering wheel, gear shift, center console, dashboard, other suitable locations, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0096] In summary, in the flexible electronic device of the present invention, by designing an appropriate ratio between the area of ​​the deformable region of the flexible substrate and the area of ​​the sensing unit disposed on the flexible substrate, when the flexible substrate deforms due to the protruding unit, the sensing unit is not easily damaged by the deformation of the flexible substrate, and can maintain a good sensing effect, thereby improving the user experience and reliability of the flexible electronic device.

[0097] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations, and features between embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible electronic device, characterized by, include: One prominent unit; A flexible substrate is disposed on the protruding unit and includes a deformable region, wherein the deformable region corresponds to the protruding unit; A plurality of sensing units are disposed on the flexible substrate, wherein at least one of the plurality of sensing units overlaps with the deformable region; as well as A plurality of display units are disposed on the flexible substrate, wherein at least one of the plurality of display units overlaps with the deformable region; The area of ​​the deformed region is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 2222 in a ratio to the area of ​​at least one of the plurality of sensing units, and the area of ​​the deformed region is greater than or equal to 53.08 and less than or equal to 1000000 in a ratio to the area of ​​at least one of the plurality of display units.

2. The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of sensing units include capacitive sensors, pressure sensors, electromagnetic sensors, optical sensors, or combinations of capacitive sensors, pressure sensors, electromagnetic sensors, and optical sensors. 3.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of sensing units are capable of sensing touch.

4. The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of display units are disposed between the flexible substrate and the plurality of sensing units. 5.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of sensing units are disposed between the flexible substrate and the plurality of display units. 6.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The flexible substrate includes a plurality of main portions, and adjacent two of the plurality of main portions are connected to each other.

7. The flexible electronic device of claim 6, wherein, The deformable region includes at least one of the plurality of main parts.

8. The flexible electronic device of claim 7, wherein, The ratio of the area of ​​the deformed region to the area of ​​one of the at least one of the plurality of main parts is greater than or equal to 26.01 and less than or equal to 500,000. 9.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The protruding unit includes a actuator. 10.The flexible electronic device of claim 9, wherein, The actuator is configured to provide tactile feedback. 11.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an intermediate substrate disposed between the flexible substrate and the protruding unit. 12.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The deformable region can be highlighted by the protruding unit. 13.The flexible electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The height of the deformed region is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 50 mm.

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