Method for loading and unloading tools in a high speed numerical control machining center

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-speed numerical control machining center tool loading and unloading method.For installing and unloading tool in spindle box, one, tool loading step, step 1.0, make the jaw that clamps tool move to extended position in the direction of approaching spindle box;Step 1.1, make spindle box from starting position to drop to tool loading and unloading position;Step 1.2, spindle catches tool on jaw;Step 1.2.0, make jaw move to retracted position in the direction of away from spindle box;Step 1.3, make spindle box from tool loading and unloading position to drop to working position;Two, tool unloading step, step 2.1, make spindle box from working position to rise back starting position;Step 2.2, make spindle box from starting position to drop to tool loading and unloading position;Step 2.2.0, make empty jaw move to extended position in the direction of approaching spindle box;Step 2.3, spindle releases tool;Step 2.4, make spindle box from tool loading and unloading position to rise back starting position.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for loading and unloading tools in a high-speed numerical control machining center. BACKGROUND

[0002] A high-speed numerical control machining center usually comprises a frame, a tool magazine and a spindle box with a spindle, the spindle box is installed on the frame in up-and-down lifting manner, and the tool magazine is installed on the frame in swing manner. The tool magazine is provided with a tool holder for clamping a tool, and the spindle box and the tool magazine are linked by a cam mechanism. After the spindle picks up the tool on the tool holder, the spindle box is driven to descend, and the tool magazine is swung out by the cam mechanism, so that the tool holder is separated from the tool picked up by the spindle. However, when the tool magazine swings, the tool is clamped on the spindle, and the tool holder swings with the tool magazine, which causes the tool to be pried, increases the wear of the tool, affects the clamping accuracy of the tool, and thus affects the machining accuracy. SUMMARY

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a method for loading and unloading tools in a high-speed numerical control machining center, which is used for installing and unloading tools in a spindle box, and the tools are provided by a tool magazine;

[0004] The spindle box is in up-and-down lifting motion, and the spindle box has a starting position, a tool loading and unloading position and a working position in sequence from top to bottom in the lifting path of the spindle box;

[0005] The tool magazine is swung between an avoiding position and a tool changing position, and the tool magazine is provided with a tool holder for clamping a tool;

[0006] The spindle box and the tool magazine are linked to swing the tool magazine when the spindle box is lifted, the tool magazine is in the tool changing position when the spindle box is in the starting position and the tool loading and unloading position, and the tool magazine is swung from the tool changing position to the avoiding position when the spindle box descends from the tool loading and unloading position to the working position;

[0007] I. Tool loading step

[0008] Step 1.1, the spindle box is lowered from the starting position to the tool loading and unloading position;

[0009] Step 1.2, the spindle picks up the tool on the tool holder;

[0010] Step 1.3, the spindle box is lowered from the tool loading and unloading position to the working position;

[0011] II. Tool unloading step

[0012] Step 2.1, the spindle box is raised from the working position back to the starting position;

[0013] Step 2.2, the spindle box is lowered from the starting position to the tool loading and unloading position;

[0014] Step 2.3, the main shaft is loosened to put the tool back to the tool holder;

[0015] Step 2.4, the main shaft box is raised from the tool loading and unloading position to the starting position to make the main shaft leave the tool;

[0016] The tool holder moves in the direction of approaching or leaving the main shaft box between an extended position and a retracted position;

[0017] In the tool loading step, before Step 1.1 is performed, the tool holder holding the tool is moved in the direction of approaching the main shaft box to the extended position; after Step 1.2 is performed and before Step 1.3 is performed, the tool holder is moved in the direction of leaving the main shaft box to the retracted position to make the tool holder leave the tool grabbed by the main shaft;

[0018] In the tool unloading step, after Step 2.2 is performed and before Step 2.3 is performed, the empty tool holder is moved in the direction of approaching the main shaft box to the extended position to make the tool holder hold the tool grabbed by the main shaft again.

[0019] The tool holder is separated from the tool after the main shaft completes the clamping and fixing of the tool, so as to avoid the tool holder prying the tool when the tool magazine swings, and to ensure the clamping accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The tool loading and unloading steps of the present application are shown in the schematic diagram;

[0021] Figures 2 to 6 The process diagram of the present application realized by the specific structure is shown;

[0022] Figure 7 The perspective view of the specific implementation of the telescopic driving mechanism of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 8 The front view of the specific implementation of the telescopic driving mechanism of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 9 The perspective exploded view of the specific implementation of the telescopic driving mechanism of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 10 The perspective view of the telescopic driving mechanism and the tool holder of the present application is shown, in which the driving part of the clutch engages with the driven part of the clutch, and the tool holder is in the extended position;

[0026] Figure 11 The schematic diagram of the tool holder moved to the retracted position on the basis of Figure 10 is shown;

[0027] Figure 12 The schematic diagram of the tool holder moved to the retracted position on the basis of Figure 10This is a schematic diagram showing how the driving part of the clutch separates from the driven part of the clutch, based on the above.

[0028] Figure 13 A structural diagram of a high-speed CNC machining center for which this invention is applied is shown.

[0029] Icon labels:

[0030] 10 spindle box, 101 spindle;

[0031] 20 cutting tools;

[0032] 30-tool magazine;

[0033] 40 cutter jaws, 401 rotating shaft, and 402 clutch driven parts;

[0034] 50 cam mechanism;

[0035] 60 Clutch bracket, 601 Clutch moving seat, 602 Clutch drive motor, 603 Telescopic drive motor, 604 Clutch active part. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the proposed solution.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 6 The method for loading and unloading tools in a high-speed CNC machining center is shown, which is used to load and unload tools 20 into and unload the spindle 101 in the spindle box 10, the tools 20 being provided by the tool magazine 30;

[0038] The spindle box 10 moves up and down, and the spindle box 10 has a starting position, a tool loading / unloading position and a working position in the lifting path from top to bottom.

[0039] The tool magazine 30 swings between a clearance position and a tool changing position, and the tool magazine 30 is provided with a tool holder 40 for clamping the tool 20;

[0040] The spindle box 10 and the tool magazine 30 are linked so that the tool magazine 30 swings when the spindle box 10 is raised and lowered. The spindle box 10 and the tool magazine 30 are provided with a linkage mechanism, which can adopt existing technology, such as a cam mechanism 50.

[0041] The tool magazine 30 is in the tool changing position when the spindle box 10 is in the initial position and the tool loading / unloading position. When the spindle box 10 descends from the tool changing position to the working position, the tool magazine 30 swings from the tool changing position to the avoidance position. Figure 2 The spindle box 10 is shown in the initial position while the tool magazine 30 is in the tool change position. Figure 3 and Figure 4Both images show the spindle box 10 in the tool loading / unloading position while the tool magazine 30 remains in the tool changing position. Figure 5 This shows the spindle box 10 in the working position and the tool magazine 30 in the clearance position;

[0042] The pawl 40 moves towards or away from the spindle box 10 between an extended position and a retracted position. In this embodiment, the direction of movement of the pawl 40 is parallel to the radial direction of the tool 20 held by the pawl.

[0043] I. Blade Mounting Steps

[0044] Step 1.0, as follows Figure 2 As shown, the pawl 40 holding the tool 20 is moved to the extended position in a direction close to the spindle box 10. At this time, the spindle box 10 is in the initial position, the spindle is above the tool, the axis of the tool coincides with the axis of the spindle, and the driven part of the clutch and the driving part of the clutch are in a disengaged state.

[0045] Step 1.1, as follows Figure 3 As shown, the spindle box 10 is lowered from the starting position to the tool loading and unloading position. At this time, the tool holder of the tool 20 is inserted into the spindle 101. At the same time, the telescopic drive motor can be driven to lower so that the driven part of the clutch engages with the driving part of the clutch.

[0046] Step 1.2: The spindle 101 grips the cutting tool 20 on the cutting claw 40. In this embodiment, the spindle 101 is provided with a clamp (not shown in the figure) for holding the handle of the cutting tool, which is based on the prior art.

[0047] Step 1.2.0, as follows Figure 4 As shown, the pawl 40 is moved away from the spindle box 10 to the retracted position so that the pawl 40 leaves the tool 20 after being gripped by the spindle 101;

[0048] Step 1.3, as follows Figure 5 As shown, the spindle box 10 begins to descend from the tool loading / unloading position, and as... Figure 6 As shown, it eventually descends to the working position;

[0049] II. Knife Removal Steps

[0050] Step 2.1: Raise the spindle box from the working position back to the starting position;

[0051] Step 2.2: Lower the spindle box from the starting position to the tool loading / unloading position;

[0052] Step 2.2.0: Move the empty tool jaws toward the spindle box to the extended position so that the tool jaws can re-grip the tool held by the spindle.

[0053] Step 2.3: The spindle releases the tool to return it to the tool holder;

[0054] Step 2.4: Raise the spindle box from the tool loading / unloading position back to the starting position so that the spindle is removed from the tool;

[0055] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the cutting claw can be found in the Chinese Invention Patent Application Publication CN107803542A, which discloses an elastically configured CNC milling machine cutting claw. The cutting tool is held by two support plates. The front end of each support plate is provided with a roller for closely abutting the held cutting tool, and the rear end of each support plate is provided with a return spring that provides the force for holding the cutting tool.

[0056] like Figures 7 to 13 As shown, in this embodiment, the tool magazine 30 is provided with a telescopic drive mechanism for driving the pawl to move.

[0057] The cutting claw 40 is equipped with a rotating shaft 401, a driven part 402 of a clutch, and a moving transmission mechanism. The rotating shaft 401 is rotatably mounted on the tool magazine 30, the driven part 402 of the clutch is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 401, and the moving transmission mechanism is located between the cutting claw 40 and the rotating shaft 401. The moving transmission mechanism is configured to convert the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 401 into the linear motion of the cutting claw. In this embodiment, the moving transmission mechanism is a gear and rack mechanism. The gear is fixed on the rotating shaft 401, the rack is fixed on the cutting claw 40, the length direction of the rack is parallel to the moving direction of the cutting claw 40, and the gear and the rack mesh.

[0058] The telescopic drive mechanism includes a clutch bracket 60, a clutch moving seat 601, a clutch drive motor 602, a clutch transmission mechanism, a telescopic drive motor 603, and a clutch driving part 604.

[0059] The clutch bracket 60 is installed in the tool magazine 30;

[0060] The clutch moving seat 601 is movably mounted on the clutch bracket 60 along the axis of the output shaft of the telescopic drive motor 603;

[0061] The telescopic drive motor 603 is fixedly mounted on the clutch moving seat 601, and the driving part 604 of the clutch is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic drive motor 603.

[0062] The axis of the output shaft of the telescopic drive motor 603 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 401 of the cutter.

[0063] The driving part 604 of the clutch of the telescopic drive mechanism and the driven part 402 of the clutch of the pawl are both toothed half clutches, so that the driving part of the clutch of the telescopic drive mechanism and the driven part of the clutch of the pawl form a toothed clutch.

[0064] The clutch driving motor 602 is fixedly installed on the clutch support 60;

[0065] The clutch transmission mechanism is arranged between the clutch driving motor 602 and the clutch moving seat 601, and is configured to transform the rotary motion of the output shaft of the clutch driving motor 602 into the linear motion of the clutch moving seat 601. In this embodiment, the clutch transmission mechanism is a screw-nut mechanism. The screw rod is rotatably installed on the clutch support, and the axis of the screw rod is parallel to the axis of the output shaft of the telescopic driving motor. The screw rod is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the clutch driving motor. The nut is fixedly installed on the clutch moving seat, and is sleeved on the screw rod.

[0066] The output rotation of the clutch driving motor 602 drives the clutch moving seat 601 to move between the engagement position and the disengagement position;

[0067] The driving part 604 of the clutch of the telescopic driving mechanism is engaged with the driven part 402 of the clutch of the tool holder when the clutch moving seat 601 is in the engagement position, so as to transmit power.

[0068] The driving part 604 of the clutch of the telescopic driving mechanism is disengaged from the driven part 402 of the clutch of the tool holder when the clutch moving seat 601 is in the disengagement position, so as to cut off the power.

[0069] In this embodiment, the tool magazine 30 comprises a swing frame and a rotary disc. The rotary disc is rotatably installed on the swing frame about the axis of the rotary disc. The tool holder 40 is movably installed on the rotary disc. The rotary shaft 401 is rotatably installed on the rotary disc. The clutch support 60 of the telescopic driving mechanism is fixedly installed on the swing frame.

[0070] The technical scheme can control the engagement and disengagement of the driving part of the clutch and the driven part of the clutch of the tool holder reaching the tool changing station by using the clutch driving motor. The design is reasonable and easy to implement. In addition, the driving part of the clutch is driven by the clutch driving motor to move away from the driven part of the clutch, so as to avoid the interference of the driving part of the clutch with the rotation of the rotary disc.

[0071] The other structures of the high-speed numerical control machining center of this embodiment can adopt the prior art. For example, refer to the following:

[0072] The Chinese invention patent application publication CN 107030511A discloses an intelligent high-precision quick tool changing servo tool magazine;

[0073] The Chinese utility model patent specification CN 204868284U discloses a tool changing mechanism of a drilling and tapping machine.

Claims

1. A method for loading and unloading tools in a high-speed CNC machining center, for loading and unloading tools into and from a spindle in a spindle head, the tools being provided by a tool magazine; The spindle box moves up and down, and the spindle box lifting path has a starting position, a tool loading / unloading position, and a working position from top to bottom. The tool magazine swings between a clearance position and a tool changing position. The tool magazine is equipped with a tool gripper for clamping tools. The tool gripper holds the tool through two support plates. The front end of each support plate is equipped with a roller for pressing against the clamped tool, and the rear end of each support plate is equipped with a return spring for providing the clamping force of the support plate to hold the tool. The spindle head and the tool magazine are linked so that the tool magazine swings when the spindle head is raised and lowered. The tool magazine is in the tool changing position when the spindle head is in the starting position and the tool loading / unloading position. When the spindle head descends from the tool loading / unloading position to the working position, the tool magazine swings from the tool changing position to the avoidance position. I. Blade Mounting Steps Step 1.1: Lower the spindle box from the starting position to the tool loading / unloading position; Step 1.2: The spindle grips the cutting tool on the chuck; Step 1.3: Lower the spindle box from the tool loading / unloading position to the working position; II. Knife Removal Steps Step 2.1: Raise the spindle box from the working position back to the starting position; Step 2.2: Lower the spindle box from the starting position to the tool loading / unloading position; Step 2.3: The spindle releases the tool to return it to the tool holder; Step 2.4: Raise the spindle box from the tool loading / unloading position back to the starting position so that the spindle is removed from the tool; Its features are: The cutter jaw moves toward or away from the spindle box between an extended position and a retracted position. In the tool loading step, before step 1.1, the tool gripper holding the tool is moved towards the spindle box to the extended position; after step 1.2 and before step 1.3, the tool gripper is moved away from the spindle box to the retracted position so that the tool gripper leaves the tool after it has been gripped by the spindle. During the tool unloading step, after step 2.2 and before step 2.3, the empty tool claw is moved towards the spindle box to the extended position so that the tool claw can re-grip the tool held by the spindle.

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