A method and apparatus for wireless communication

Abstract

This application discloses a method and apparatus for wireless communication, including receiving a first signaling, the first signaling being used to indicate a handover from a first wireless link to a second wireless link; the first wireless link being a direct path; the first signaling being used to configure a first timer; in response to the expiration of the first timer, determining that the wireless link handover has failed and initiating an RRC reconstruction; and sending a first message. This application, by receiving the first signaling, can contribute to network optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to transmission methods and apparatus in wireless communication systems, and more particularly to methods and apparatus for reducing service interruptions, improving service continuity, and optimizing networks in secondary link relay communication. Background Technology

[0002] The application scenarios of future wireless communication systems are becoming increasingly diversified, and different application scenarios place different performance requirements on the system. In order to meet the different performance requirements of various application scenarios, the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partner Project) RAN (Radio Access Network) #72 plenary meeting decided to conduct research on New Radio (NR) (or Fifth Generation, 5G). The 3GPP RAN #75 plenary meeting adopted the NR WI (Work Item), and began the standardization work of NR.

[0003] In communications, both LTE (Long Term Evolution) and 5G NR involve reliable and accurate information reception, optimized energy efficiency, determination of information validity, flexible resource allocation, scalable system architecture, efficient non-access stratum information processing, low service interruption and drop rate, and support for low power consumption. These are crucial for normal communication between base stations and user equipment, rational resource scheduling, and balanced system load. They are the cornerstone of high throughput, meeting the communication needs of various services, improving spectrum utilization, and enhancing service quality. They are indispensable for eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband), URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication), and eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). Meanwhile, there are extensive needs in IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things), V2X (Vehicle-to-X), Device-to-Device communication, unlicensed spectrum communication, user communication quality monitoring, network planning and optimization, NTN (Non-Territorial Network), TN (Territorial Network), dual connectivity systems, radio resource management and codebook selection for multiple antennas, signaling design, neighbor cell management, service management, and beamforming. Information transmission methods are divided into broadcast and unicast, both essential for 5G systems as they are highly helpful in meeting the above requirements. The UE can connect to the network directly or via a relay.

[0004] As system scenarios and complexity continue to increase, higher demands are placed on reducing interruption rates, reducing latency, enhancing reliability, improving system stability, increasing business flexibility, and saving power. At the same time, compatibility between different systems and versions needs to be considered during system design.

[0005] The 3GPP standardization organization has conducted relevant standardization work for 5G, resulting in a series of standards including 38.304, 38.211, and 38.213. The standard content can be found at:

[0006] https: / / www.3gpp.org / ftp / Specs / archive / 38_series / 38.304 / 38304-g40.zip

[0007] https: / / www.3gpp.org / ftp / Specs / archive / 38_series / 38.211 / 38211-g50.zip

[0008] https: / / www.3gpp.org / ftp / Specs / archive / 38_series / 38.213 / 38213-g50.zip

[0009] https: / / www.3gpp.org / ftp / Specs / archive / 38_series / 38.331 / 38331-g50.zip Summary of the Invention

[0010] Relays are used in various communication scenarios. For example, when a UE is outside the coverage area of ​​a cell, it can access the network through a relay, which can be another UE. Relays mainly include Layer 3 relays and Layer 2 relays (L2U2N relays). Both provide network access services to remote nodes (U2N remote UEs) through relay nodes. Layer 3 relays are transparent to the access network; the remote UE only establishes a connection with the core network, and the access network cannot identify whether data originates from a remote node or a relay node. In contrast, with Layer 2 relays, the remote node (U2N remote UE) and the access network (RAN) have an RRC connection. The access network can manage the remote node, and a radio bearer can be established between the access network and the remote node. The relay can be another UE. In systems supporting Layer 2 relays, a UE can communicate with the network through an L2 U2N relay UE (using an indirect path) or directly without a relay (using a direct path). In certain situations, such as when network signal deteriorates, remote nodes can switch from a direct path to a non-direct path; conversely, when network signal improves, they can switch back to a direct path. Path switching falls under the category of radio link handover. If a radio link handover fails, the network needs to record and analyze the cause of the failure for network optimization. For more accurate optimization, it's necessary to know the status of the radio links, especially whether the switch was to a non-direct or direct path. More specifically, when using relays, the target cell's signal may be very weak or even nonexistent for the remote node. If the network doesn't know that the target cell was switched to via a non-direct path, it might mistakenly assume the previous decision was a direct switch from the source cell to a target cell with poor signal. Consequently, it might optimize certain handover control parameters, such as handover thresholds. However, such optimization is incorrect and could even lead to more serious problems. This is because the handover used a non-direct path, and the radio link quality from the relay to the target cell might be good. The handover failure might be due to a problem with the secondary link communication. Therefore, it's unnecessary to optimize for direct path handover parameters, or at least the optimization direction should not be towards direct path handover optimization. Therefore, the problems to be solved by this application include how to report appropriate failure information in the scenario of using relays to assist the network in network optimization.

[0011] To address the problems mentioned above, this application provides a solution.

[0012] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in any node of this application can be applied to any other node. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in any embodiment of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0013] This application discloses a method used in a first node of wireless communication, comprising:

[0014] Receive a first signaling message, the first signaling message being used to indicate a handover from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link is a direct path; the first signaling message is used to configure a first timer;

[0015] As a response to the expiration of the first timer, it is determined that the wireless link handover has failed, and an RRC reconstruction is initiated;

[0016] Send the first message;

[0017] The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0018] As an example, the problem this application aims to solve includes: in scenarios using L2 relay, how to report appropriate failure information to the network when a wireless link handover failure occurs, in order to assist in network optimization.

[0019] As an example, the advantages of the above method include: avoiding potential misunderstandings when the network processes wireless link handover failure information; supporting L2 relay, reducing communication interruptions, improving service quality, and providing better support for mobility and service continuity.

[0020] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0021] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

[0022] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, in response to the expiration of the first timer, first failure information is stored in a first variable; the first variable is used to generate the first message; the first failure information is information related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0023] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred.

[0024] Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or HOF; the first relay is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0025] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field, and the omission of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0026] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, the nrFailedPCellId field included in the second format of the first message indicating the identity of the first relay, the first relay being the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

[0027] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field indicating HOF, and the second format of the first message includes a second field used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay; the first format of the first message does not include the second field.

[0028] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first node is a user equipment.

[0029] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first node is an Internet of Things (IoT) terminal.

[0030] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first node is a relay.

[0031] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first node is a U2N remote UE.

[0032] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first node is an in-vehicle terminal.

[0033] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first node is an aircraft.

[0034] A method for use in a second node of wireless communication, comprising:

[0035] Send a first signaling message, the first signaling message being used to indicate a handover from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link is a direct path; the first signaling message is used to configure a first timer;

[0036] The receiver of the first signaling, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the radio link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction.

[0037] Receive the first message;

[0038] The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0039] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0040] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

[0041] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred.

[0042] Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or HOF; the first relay is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0043] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field, and the omission of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0044] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, the nrFailedPCellId field included in the second format of the first message indicating the identity of the first relay, the first relay being the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

[0045] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field indicating HOF, and the second format of the first message includes a second field used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay; the first format of the first message does not include the second field.

[0046] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, a second message is sent, which is used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0047] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second node is a base station.

[0048] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second node is a relay.

[0049] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second node is an aircraft.

[0050] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second node is a satellite.

[0051] Specifically, according to one aspect of this application, the second node is an access point device.

[0052] This application discloses a first node used for wireless communication, comprising:

[0053] A first receiver receives a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a switch from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link is a direct path; the first signaling message is used to configure a first timer.

[0054] The first receiver, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the wireless link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction.

[0055] The first transmitter sends the first message;

[0056] The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0057] This application discloses a second node used for wireless communication, comprising:

[0058] The second transmitter sends a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link; the first wireless link is a direct path; the first signaling message is used to configure a first timer.

[0059] The receiver of the first signaling, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the radio link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction.

[0060] The second receiver receives the first message;

[0061] The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0062] As an example, compared with conventional solutions, this application has the following advantages:

[0063] Supports relay, especially network optimization when using L2 U2N relay UEs, such as providing the network with a wealth of information about relay usage.

[0064] When a wireless link handover fails, the appropriate failure information can be sent to the network to assist in network optimization and avoid misjudgment and incorrect optimization.

[0065] Using different timers when switching between different wireless links can simplify network design, reduce complexity, and avoid mutual interference.

[0066] Failure information can be indicated to the network based on different situations. For example, failure information can be indicated to the network only for AS-related failures to avoid AS-related failures, such as PC5 connection establishment failures, in order to optimize AS. However, such optimization is not very meaningful and the effect is mostly unsatisfactory. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0068] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating receiving first signaling, determining that a wireless link handover has failed, and sending a first message according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0070] Figure 3A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture for the user plane and control plane according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0071] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0072] Figure 5 A flowchart of wireless signal transmission according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0073] Figure 6 A flowchart of wireless signal transmission according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0074] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a relay communication protocol stack according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0075] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of wireless link switching according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0076] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the use of a first variable to generate a first message according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0077] Figure 10 A schematic diagram is shown illustrating a second field used to indicate a wireless link handover failure related to a relay, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0078] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a processing apparatus for a first node according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated;

[0079] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a processing apparatus for a second node according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated. Implementation

[0080] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] Example 1 illustrates a flowchart of receiving first signaling, determining that a wireless link handover has failed, and sending a first message according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown. (Attached) Figure 1 In the diagram, each box represents a step. It is particularly important to emphasize that the order of the boxes does not represent the chronological order of the steps they represent.

[0083] In Embodiment 1, the first node in this application receives the first signaling in step 101; determines that the wireless link handover has failed in step 102; and sends the first message in step 103.

[0084] Wherein, the first signaling is used to indicate a handover from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link is a direct path; the first signaling is used to configure a first timer; the first node, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the radio link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction; the format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or a non-direct path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate the handover failure of the radio link; the non-direct path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0085] As an example, the first node is UE (User Equipment).

[0086] As an example, the direct path refers to a transmission path from the UE to the network, meaning that data is sent between the UE and the network (U2N) without relaying.

[0087] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the data includes higher-level data and signaling.

[0088] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the data includes RRC signaling.

[0089] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the data includes bit strings or bit blocks.

[0090] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the data only includes signaling or data carried by the RB (radio bearer).

[0091] As an example, the indirect path refers to a transmission path from the UE to the network. Transmission via the indirect path means that data is forwarded between the remote UE and the network in the UE-to-Network (U2N) through a relay UE.

[0092] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the data includes higher-level data and signaling.

[0093] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the data includes RRC signaling.

[0094] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the data includes bit strings or bit blocks.

[0095] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the data only includes signaling or data carried by the RB (radio bearer).

[0096] As an example, a wireless link is either a direct path or a non-direct path.

[0097] As an example, a U2N relay UE refers to a UE that provides the functionality to support U2N remote UEs to connect to the network.

[0098] As an example, a U2N remote UE refers to a UE that needs to communicate with the network through a U2N relay UE.

[0099] As an example, a U2N remote UE refers to a UE that needs to communicate with the network through a U2N relay UE.

[0100] As an example, a U2N remote UE refers to a UE that supports relay services and communicates with the network.

[0101] As an example, a U2N relay is a U2N relay UE.

[0102] As an example, when sending and receiving unicast services with the network, both the U2N relay and the U2N remote node are in RRC connection state.

[0103] As an example, when the U2N remote UE is in the RRC idle state or the RRC inactive state, the U2N relay UE can be in any RRC state, including the RRC connected state, the RRC idle state, and the RRC inactive state.

[0104] As an example, transmission without a direct path is equivalent to transmission via a non-direct path.

[0105] As one example, transmission not via a direct path includes transmission via a relay.

[0106] As one example, transmission via a direct path may include transmission without relays.

[0107] As an example, transmission via a direct path may include or may include transmission without relay forwarding.

[0108] As an example, a U2N relay UE is a UE that provides connectivity support to the network for U2N remote UEs.

[0109] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the U2N relay UE is a UE.

[0110] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the U2N relay UE provides relay services to the network for the U2N remote UE.

[0111] As an example, a U2N remote UE is a UE that communicates with the network through a U2N relay UE.

[0112] As an example, the direct mode is the mode that uses the direct path.

[0113] As an example, the direct connection mode is a mode in which the U2N remote UE communicates with the network using the direct path.

[0114] As an example, the direct connection mode is a mode in which the U2N remote UE uses the direct path to transmit RRC signaling or establish an RRC connection with the network.

[0115] As an example, the indirect mode is the mode that uses the indirect path.

[0116] As an example, the non-direct connection mode is the mode that uses the non-direct path.

[0117] As an example, the direct connection mode is a mode in which the U2N remote UE communicates with the network using the non-direct path.

[0118] As an example, the direct connection mode is a mode in which the U2N remote UE uses the indirect path to transmit RRC signaling or establish an RRC connection with the network.

[0119] As an example, the serving cell is or includes the cell where the UE camps. Performing a cell search includes the UE searching for a suitable cell within a selected PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) or SNPN (Stand-alone Non-Public Network), selecting the suitable cell to provide available services, and monitoring the control channel of the suitable cell. This process is defined as camping on a cell; that is, a camped cell is the serving cell for the UE. Camping on a cell in RRC idle or RRC inactive state has the following advantages: it allows the UE to receive system messages from the PLMN or SNPN; after registration, if the UE wishes to establish an RRC connection or continue a suspended RRC connection, the UE can perform initial access on the control channel of the camped cell; the network can page the UE; and the UE can receive ETWS (Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System) and CMAS (Commercial Mobile Alert System) notifications.

[0120] As an example, for a U2N remote node, the serving cell is or includes the cell where the U2N relay is based or connected.

[0121] As an example, for a UE in RRC connected state without CA / DC (carrier aggregation / dual connectivity) configured, there is only one serving cell, including the primary cell. For a UE in RRC connected state with CA / DC configured, the serving cell is used to indicate the set of cells including the special cell (SpCell) and all cells from smaller cells. The primary cell is an MCG (Master Cell Group) cell, operating on the primary frequency. The UE performs the initial connection establishment process or initiates connection reconstruction on the primary cell. For dual connectivity operations, the special cell refers to the PCell (Primary Cell) of the MCG or the PSCell (Primary SCGCell) of the SCG (Secondary Cell Group); if it is not a dual connectivity operation, the special cell refers to the PCell.

[0122] As an example, the frequency at which the SCell (Secondary Cell) operates is the frequency of the cell.

[0123] As an example, the individual content of an information element is called a field.

[0124] As an example, MR-DC (Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity) refers to dual connectivity between an E-UTRA and an NR node, or dual connectivity between two NR nodes.

[0125] As an example, in MR-DC, the radio access node that provides control plane connection to the core network is the master node, which can be a master eNB, a master ng-eNB, or a master gNB.

[0126] As an example, MCG refers to a group of serving cells associated with the master node in MR-DC, including SpCell, and optionally, one or more SCell.

[0127] As an example, PCell is the SpCell of MCG.

[0128] As an example, PSCell is the SpCell of SCG.

[0129] As an example, in MR-DC, no control plane connection to the core network is provided; instead, the radio access node that provides additional resources to the UE is a slave node. The slave node can be an en-gNB, an ng-eNB, or a gNB.

[0130] As an example, in MR-DC, the set of serving cells associated with a slave node is an SCG (secondary cell group), which includes SpCell and, optionally, one or more SCells.

[0131] As an example, the access layer function that enables V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication defined in 3GPP standard TS 23.285 is V2X sidelink communication, which occurs between adjacent UEs and uses E-UTRA technology but does not traverse network nodes.

[0132] As an example, at least the access layer function that enables V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication defined in 3GPP standard TS 23.287 is NR sidelink communication, which occurs between two or more adjacent UEs and uses NR technology but does not traversing network nodes.

[0133] As an example, a secondary link is a direct communication link between UEs using a secondary link resource allocation mode, physical layer signals or channels, and physical layer procedures.

[0134] As an example, not being or not being within the coverage area is equivalent to being outside the coverage area.

[0135] As an example, "within the coverage" is equivalent to "within the coverage area".

[0136] As an example, "outside the coverage" is equivalent to "outside the coverage".

[0137] As an example, the first node is a U2N remote node.

[0138] As an example, the PDCP entity corresponding to the radio bearer terminating between the UE and the network is located in both the UE and the network.

[0139] As an example, the direct path is the direct path, communication link, channel, or bearer used when transmitting through the direct path.

[0140] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the data carried by at least the SRB (Signaling radio bearer) between the UE and the network without being relayed or forwarded by other nodes.

[0141] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the RLC bearer associated with at least one SRB (Signaling radio bearer) between the UE and the network terminating at the UE and the network, respectively.

[0142] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the RLC entity associated with at least one SRB (Signaling radio bearer) between the UE and the network terminating at the UE and the network, respectively.

[0143] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to a direct communication link between the UE and the network.

[0144] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the existence of a Uu interface between the UE and the network.

[0145] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the existence of a MAC layer with a Uu interface between the UE and the network, and the MAC layer of the Uu interface carries RRC signaling.

[0146] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the physical layer where there is a Uu interface between the UE and the network.

[0147] As an example, the direct path transmission refers to the existence of a logical channel and / or a transport channel between the UE and the network.

[0148] As an example, the indirect path is the indirect path, communication link, channel, or bearer used when transmitting through the indirect path.

[0149] As an example, the indirect path transmission refers to the data carried by at least the SRB (Signaling radio bearer) between the UE and the network being relayed or forwarded by other nodes.

[0150] As an example, the indirect path transmission refers to the RLC bearer associated with at least the SRB (Signaling radio bearer) between the UE and the network terminating between the UE and other nodes, and between other nodes and the network.

[0151] As an example, the indirect path transmission refers to the RLC entity associated with at least one SRB (Signaling radio bearer) between the UE and the network terminating between the UE and other nodes, and between other nodes and the network.

[0152] As an example, the non-direct path transmission refers to the absence of a direct communication link between the UE and the network.

[0153] As an example, the non-direct path transmission refers to the absence of a MAC layer with a Uu interface between the UE and the network.

[0154] As an example, the non-direct path transmission refers to the absence of a physical layer with a Uu interface between the UE and the network.

[0155] As an example, the indirect path transmission refers to a situation where there is neither a logical channel nor a transmission channel between the UE and the network.

[0156] As one embodiment, the network includes a radio access network (RAN) and / or serving cells and / or base stations.

[0157] As an example, the phrase "at least SRB" means at least one of {SRB0, SRB1, SRB2, SRB3}.

[0158] As an example, the phrase SRB at least includes the meaning of SRB and DRB (data radio bearer).

[0159] As an example, the phrase UE and the UE in the network include the first node.

[0160] As one example, the other nodes include relay nodes or other UEs.

[0161] As an example, when using direct path transmission, the UE can send physical layer signaling to the network; when using non-direct path transmission, the UE cannot send or directly send physical layer signaling to the network.

[0162] As an example, when using direct path transmission, the UE can send a MAC CE to the network; when using non-direct path transmission, the UE cannot send or directly send a MAC CE to the network.

[0163] As an example, when using direct path transmission, there are no other protocol layers between the PDCP layer and the RLC layer of the first node; when using non-direct path transmission, there are other protocol layers between the PDCP layer and the RLC layer of the first node.

[0164] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the other protocol layers are or include adaptation layers.

[0165] As an example, when using direct path transmission, the network directly schedules the uplink transmission of the first node through DCI; when using non-direct path transmission, the network does not directly schedule the uplink transmission of the first node through DCI.

[0166] As an example, when using direct path transmission, the SRB of the first node is associated with the RLC entity and / or the RLC layer and / or the RLC bearer; when using non-direct path transmission, the SRB of the first node is associated with the RLC entity of the PC5 interface.

[0167] As an example, when using direct path transmission, the SRB of the first node is mapped to the RLC entity of the Uu interface; when using non-direct path transmission, the SRB of the first node is mapped to the RLC entity of the PC5 interface.

[0168] As an example, the first node may have only a direct path or only a non-direct path between it and the network.

[0169] As an example, switching from a direct path to a non-direct path means starting to use a non-direct path while stopping the use of a direct path.

[0170] As an example, switching from a direct path to a non-direct path means starting to use non-direct path transmission while stopping the use of direct path transmission.

[0171] As an example, switching from a direct path to a non-direct path means changing from direct path transmission to non-direct path transmission.

[0172] As an example, switching from a direct path to a non-direct path means that the first node associates the SRB with the RLC entity of the PC5 interface, while releasing the RLC entity of the Uu interface associated with the SRB.

[0173] As an example, switching from a direct path to a non-direct path means that the first node associates the SRB and DRB with the RLC entity of the PC5 interface, while releasing the RLC entity of the Uu interface associated with the SRB and DRB.

[0174] As an example, the relay in this application refers to a U2N relay UE.

[0175] As an example, the first node is in RRC connected state.

[0176] As an example, the relay in this application refers to an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0177] As an example, the first signaling is transmitted via an SRB other than SRB0.

[0178] As an example, the first signaling uses SRB1 or SRB3.

[0179] As an example, the first message uses SRB1 or SRB3.

[0180] As an example, the first signaling is downlink signaling.

[0181] As an example, the first message is an uplink message.

[0182] As an example, the logical channel occupied by the first signaling is DCCH.

[0183] As an example, the logical channel occupied by the first message is DCCH.

[0184] As an example, the first signaling is sent via unicast.

[0185] As an example, the first signaling is sent via a non-unicast method.

[0186] As an example, the first message is sent via unicast.

[0187] As an example, the first message is sent via a non-unicast method.

[0188] As an example, the first signaling is RRCReconfiguration.

[0189] As one example, the first signaling includes RRCReconfiguration.

[0190] As one embodiment, the first signaling is or includes ConditionalReconfiguration.

[0191] As an example, the first signaling is or includes RRCReconfiguration included in ConditionalReconfiguration.

[0192] As an example, the first signaling is or includes RRCReconfiguration included in CondReconfigToAddMod.

[0193] As one example, the first signaling includes RRCConnectionReconfiguration.

[0194] As one example, the first message is or includes UEInformationResponse.

[0195] As one embodiment, the first message is or includes UEAssistanceInformation.

[0196] As one embodiment, the first message is or includes SidelinkUEInformation.

[0197] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link" is that the first signaling indicates: start using the second wireless link and stop using the first wireless link.

[0198] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link" is that the first signaling indicates: start using the second wireless link and release the first wireless link.

[0199] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link" is that the first signaling indicates: start using the second wireless link and release the first wireless link.

[0200] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first radio link to the second radio link" is that the first signaling indicates a switch from a direct path to a non-direct path.

[0201] As one embodiment, the first wireless link is or includes an RB.

[0202] As one embodiment, the second wireless link is or includes an RB.

[0203] As one embodiment, the first wireless link is or includes an RLC bearer.

[0204] As one embodiment, the second wireless link is or includes an RLC bearer.

[0205] As one embodiment, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are communication methods.

[0206] As one embodiment, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are respectively the connections between the first node and the network.

[0207] As one embodiment, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are respectively the communication links between the first node and the network.

[0208] As one embodiment, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are channels between the first node and the network, respectively.

[0209] As one embodiment, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are respectively the flows between the first node and the network.

[0210] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the channel between the first node and the network is at least one of {physical channel, transmission channel, logical channel}.

[0211] As an example, the handover from the first radio link to the second radio link indicated by the first signaling does not include DAPS handover.

[0212] As one embodiment, the handover from the first radio link to the second radio link indicated by the first signaling includes a DAPS handover.

[0213] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first radio link to the second radio link" is that the first signaling indicates that the first RB of the first node is associated with the second RLC bearer and not with the first RLC bearer.

[0214] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RB is or includes an SRB.

[0215] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RB is or includes a DRB.

[0216] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RB is or includes any RB.

[0217] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RB is or includes any SRB other than SRB0.

[0218] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RB is or includes any RB other than SRB0.

[0219] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RLC bearer is an RLC bearer of the Uu interface.

[0220] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first RLC bearer is an RLC bearer.

[0221] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second RLC bearer is an RLC bearer of the Uu interface.

[0222] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second RLC bearer is a main link RLC bearer.

[0223] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second RLC bearer is an RLC bearer of the PC5 interface.

[0224] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second RLC bearer is a secondary link RLC bearer.

[0225] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, when the second wireless link is a direct path, the second RLC bearer is an RLC bearer of the Uu interface or an RLC bearer.

[0226] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the second RLC bearer is an RLC bearer of the PC5 interface or a secondary link RLC bearer.

[0227] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB associated with second RLC bearer" means that the second RLC bearer is added or modified to serve the first RB.

[0228] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB associated with second RLC bearer" means that the second RLC bearer serves the first RB.

[0229] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB associated with second RLC bearer" means that the data of the first RB is sent by the second RLC bearer.

[0230] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "associating the first RB with the first RLC bearer" means that the identity of the first RB and the identity of the second RLC bearer are associated together.

[0231] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "the first RB is associated with the first RLC bearer" means that there is a mapping relationship between the identity of the first RB and the identity of the second RLC bearer.

[0232] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "the first RB is associated with the first RLC bearer" means that there is a mapping relationship between the first RB and the second RLC bearer.

[0233] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB is not associated with first RLC bearer" means that the RB served by the first RLC bearer does not include the first RB.

[0234] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "the first RB is not associated with the first RLC bearer" means that the data of the first RB is sent by an RLC bearer other than the first RLC bearer.

[0235] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase "the first RB is not associated with the first RLC bearer" means that the identity of the first RB and the identity of the first RLC bearer are not associated together.

[0236] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase "the first RB is not associated with the first RLC bearer" means that there is no mapping relationship between the first RB and the first RLC bearer.

[0237] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB is not associated with first RLC bearer" means that the first RLC bearer is released.

[0238] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB is not associated with first RLC bearer" means that the first RLC bearer is suspended.

[0239] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the phrase "first RB is not associated with first RLC bearer" means that the first RB is no longer associated with the first RLC bearer.

[0240] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first radio link to the second radio link" is that the first radio link is not used, and the second radio link is used.

[0241] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second wireless link is a wireless link through a first relay, where the first relay is the relay of the first node.

[0242] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second wireless link is a wireless link through a first relay, which is the L2 U2N relay of the first node.

[0243] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first relay is a suitable relay for the first node.

[0244] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link" is that the first wireless link is not used, and a connection is established with the first relay, wherein the wireless link established through the first relay to the network is the second wireless link.

[0245] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first relay is the L2 U2N relay of the first node.

[0246] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first relay is a suitable relay for the first node.

[0247] As an example, the second wireless link is an established indirect path.

[0248] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path to be established.

[0249] As an example, the second wireless link is an established direct path.

[0250] As an example, the second wireless link is a direct path to be established.

[0251] As one example, the first wireless link and the second wireless link target the same cell.

[0252] As one example, the first radio link and the second radio link target the same cell group.

[0253] As one example, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are for different cells.

[0254] As one example, the first wireless link and the second wireless link are for different cell groups.

[0255] As an example, the first wireless link is the wireless link from the first node to the network.

[0256] As one embodiment, the first wireless link is a wireless link that the first node relays to the network.

[0257] As one embodiment, the first wireless link includes a wireless link from the first node to the relay and a wireless link from the relay to the network.

[0258] As an example, when the second radio link is a direct path, the first radio link and the second radio link are for different cells.

[0259] As an example, when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the first wireless link and the second wireless link belong to the same cell.

[0260] As one embodiment, when the second wireless link is a direct path, the second wireless link does not include a secondary link; when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the second wireless link includes a secondary link.

[0261] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from a first radio link to a second radio link" is that the first signaling includes "reconfigurationWithSync".

[0262] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link" is to start using the first parameter group to transmit data to or from the network; and to stop using the second parameter group to transmit data to or from the network.

[0263] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

[0264] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first parameter group includes at least physical layer parameters; the second parameter group includes at least physical layer parameters.

[0265] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first parameter group includes at least MAC layer parameters; the second parameter group includes at least MAC layer parameters.

[0266] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first parameter group includes at least RLC layer parameters; the second parameter group includes at least RLC layer parameters.

[0267] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a handover from the first radio link to the second radio link" is that when the second radio link is a direct path, the handover from the first radio link to the second radio link involves random access; when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the handover from the first radio link to the second radio link does not involve random access.

[0268] As an example, the meaning of the sentence "The first signaling is used to indicate a handover from the first radio link to the second radio link" is that when the second radio link is a direct path, the first signaling indicates random access resources related to the second radio link; when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first signaling does not indicate random access resources.

[0269] As one embodiment, the first signaling indicates the running time of the first timer.

[0270] As an example, the first signaling indicates the length of the first timer.

[0271] As one embodiment, the first signaling indicates the expiration value of the first timer.

[0272] As one embodiment, the first signaling indicates the application conditions of the first timer.

[0273] As one embodiment, the first signaling indicates the activation status of the first timer.

[0274] As an example, the RRC reconstruction is an RRC process that includes transmitting at least one RRC message.

[0275] As one embodiment, the RRC reconstruction includes sending an RRC reconstruction request.

[0276] As an example, the phrase "determines radio link handover failure" means or includes: determining that the first signaling has not been completed.

[0277] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is a failure where the first signaling is not completed.

[0278] As an example, the phrase "determine wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that the failure was caused by the expiration of the first timer.

[0279] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes a failure due to the expiration of the first timer.

[0280] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that a wireless link handover failure has occurred.

[0281] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes path handover failure.

[0282] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that failure information related to the wireless link handover failure needs to be stored.

[0283] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that failure information related to the wireless link handover failure needs to be reported.

[0284] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that a handover failure has occurred.

[0285] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes handover failure.

[0286] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that a path handover failure has occurred.

[0287] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link switching failure is or includes path switch failure.

[0288] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that a failure of type hof has occurred.

[0289] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes a failure of type hof.

[0290] As an example, the phrase "determine wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that the failure occurred due to the cause of hof.

[0291] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes a failure with the cause being hof.

[0292] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes an Hof failure.

[0293] As an example, the phrase "determine wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that the failure was caused by a PSF (Personal Signal Processing) error.

[0294] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure is or includes a failure caused by PSF.

[0295] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the wireless link switching failure is or includes a PSF failure.

[0296] As an example, the phrase "determines a wireless link handover failure" means or includes: determining that a reconfiguration with sync failure has occurred.

[0297] As an example, the format of the first message is the content of the first message.

[0298] As one embodiment, the format of the first message is a set of information elements contained in the first message.

[0299] As an example, the format of the first message is a set of fields contained in the first message.

[0300] As an example, the format of the first message is a set of RRC IEs contained in the first message.

[0301] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes the identity of the first node.

[0302] As an example, the first identity is or includes the C-RNTI of the first node.

[0303] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes the C-RNTI of a node other than the first node.

[0304] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes the identity of the sender of the first signaling.

[0305] As an example, the first identity is a link layer identity.

[0306] As one example, the first identity is or includes a Layer-2 ID.

[0307] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes the identity of the relay included in the second wireless link.

[0308] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes the identity of the serving cell of the relay included in the second radio link.

[0309] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes an identity used for the adaptation layer.

[0310] As one example, the first identity is or includes CGI or PCI.

[0311] As one embodiment, the first identity is or includes the identity of the first relay, the first relay is a relay included in the second wireless link, and the second wireless link is a non-direct path.

[0312] As one embodiment, the first signaling may include the first identity.

[0313] As one embodiment, the first signaling may include the identity of the PC5 RLC bearer.

[0314] As one embodiment, the first signaling may include the identity of the secondary link RLC bearer.

[0315] As an example, the first identity is the identity of the target cell targeted by the second radio link.

[0316] As an example, the first identity is 5G-S-TMSI.

[0317] As an example, the first identity is I-RNTI.

[0318] As an example, the first message is sent only after the first timer has expired.

[0319] As an example, the first timer did not expire between the timer's expiration and the sending of the first message.

[0320] As an example, T304 did not expire between the expiration of the first timer and the sending of the first message.

[0321] As an example, the first timer does not start or restart between the expiration of the first timer and the sending of the first message.

[0322] As an example, T304 does not start or restart between the expiration of the first timer and the sending of the first message.

[0323] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the first message is sent in the first format.

[0324] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the content of the first message is the content of the first format.

[0325] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the fields of the first message are the fields included in the first format.

[0326] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the information elements of the first message are the information elements included in the first format.

[0327] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the RRC IE of the first message is the RRC IE included in the first format.

[0328] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the first message includes all content and / or all fields of the first format.

[0329] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a first format" means or includes: the first message includes the defined content and / or defined fields of the first format.

[0330] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses a second format" means or includes: the first message is sent in the second format.

[0331] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses the second format" means or includes: the content of the first message is the content of the second format.

[0332] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses the second format" means or includes: the fields of the first message are the fields included in the second format.

[0333] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses the second format" means or includes: the information elements of the first message are the information elements included in the second format.

[0334] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses the second format" means or includes: the RRC IE of the first message is the RRC IE included in the second format.

[0335] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses the second format" means or includes: the first message includes all content and / or all fields of the second format.

[0336] As an example, the phrase "the first message uses the second format" means or includes: the first message includes the content and / or fields determined by the second format.

[0337] As an example, regardless of whether the first message uses the first format or the second format, the first message indicates that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0338] As an example, when the first message uses the first format, the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message is different from the content indicating the wireless link failure when the first message uses the second format.

[0339] As an example, when the first message uses the second format, the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message includes the second field; when the first message uses the first format, the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message does not include the second field.

[0340] As an example, when the first message uses the second format, the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message includes a third field; when the first message uses the first format, the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message also includes a third field; however, when the first message uses the second format, the value of the third field included in the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message is different from the value of the third field included in the content indicating the wireless link handover failure in the first message when the first message uses the first format.

[0341] As an example, the first message includes first failure information, which indicates that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0342] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is rlf-Report.

[0343] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is sl-FailureList.

[0344] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is sl-FailureReport.

[0345] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is sl-RelayFailureList.

[0346] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the name of the first failure message includes failure.

[0347] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the name of the first failure message includes "fail".

[0348] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the name of the first failure message includes relay.

[0349] As one embodiment, the first timer includes T304.

[0350] As an example, the first timer is T303.

[0351] As an example, the first timer is T305.

[0352] As an example, the first timer is T314.

[0353] As an example, the first timer is T324.

[0354] As an example, the first timer is T334.

[0355] As an example, the first timer is T344.

[0356] As an example, the first timer is T304a.

[0357] As an example, the first timer is T304b.

[0358] As an example, the first timer is T304r.

[0359] As an example, the first timer is T304-r.

[0360] As an example, the first timer is T401.

[0361] As an example, the first timer is T402.

[0362] As an example, the first timer is T403.

[0363] As an example, the first timer is T404.

[0364] As an example, the first timer is T414.

[0365] As an example, the first timer is T411.

[0366] As an example, the first timer is T410.

[0367] As an example, the first timer is T500.

[0368] As an example, the first timer is T501.

[0369] As an example, the first timer is T502.

[0370] As an example, the first timer is T503.

[0371] As an example, the first timer is T504.

[0372] As an example, the first timer is T514.

[0373] As an example, the name of the first timer includes relay.

[0374] As an example, the name of the first timer includes r.

[0375] As an example, the name of the first timer includes T1.

[0376] As an example, the name of the first timer includes T2.

[0377] As an example, the name of the first timer includes 304.

[0378] As an example, the first timer is named T3x4, where x is one of {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}.

[0379] As an example, the first timer is not T304.

[0380] As an example, the expiration of the first timer triggers the first node to perform the RRC Re-establishment.

[0381] As an example, the first format and the second format are two RRC IEs with different names.

[0382] As an example, the first format and the second format differ in at least one field.

[0383] As an example, the second format is used to indicate that the execution failure of the first signaling is related to a relay.

[0384] As an example, the second format of the first message explicitly indicates that the execution failure of the first signaling is related to a relay.

[0385] As an example, the time interval between the wireless link switching failure and the transmission of the first message is less than 48 hours.

[0386] As an example, no handover failure or wireless link failure occurred between the wireless link handover failure and the sending of the first message.

[0387] As an example, a first feedback message is sent, which is used to confirm that the first signaling is completed.

[0388] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first feedback message is RRCReconfigurationComplete.

[0389] As an example, receiving the first signaling triggers the start of the first timer.

[0390] As an example, the execution of the first signaling triggers the start of the first timer.

[0391] As an example, the sending of the first feedback message triggers the start of the first timer.

[0392] As an example, upon receiving the first signaling, the first node starts the first timer.

[0393] As an example, the first node starts the first timer along with the execution of the first signaling.

[0394] As an example, the first node starts the first timer upon sending the first message.

[0395] As an example, the first node starts the first timer along with the sending of the first feedback message.

[0396] As an example, the first node starts the first timer as the secondary link included in the second wireless link is established.

[0397] As an example, the first format of the first message does not indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0398] As an example, the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay by indicating the second wireless link, which is a non-direct path.

[0399] As an example, the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay by indicating that the second wireless link is a non-direct path.

[0400] As an example, the first node, in response to the expiration of the first timer, stores first failure information in a first variable; the first variable is used to generate the first message; the first failure information is information related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0401] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is stored in the rlf-Report field of the first variable.

[0402] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information indicates that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0403] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, regardless of whether the first message adopts the first format or the second format, the first failure information is generated by the first variable.

[0404] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first variable is VarRLF-Report.

[0405] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first message is the UEInformationResponse message.

[0406] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes, and only includes, failure information related to the AS layer.

[0407] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first message includes a first sub-message and a second sub-message; the first sub-message and the second sub-message respectively include at least part of the information on the failure of the first signaling execution; the first sub-message is UEInformationResponse, and the second sub-message is SidelinkUEInformation.

[0408] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is rlf-report.

[0409] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the identity of the first node.

[0410] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the identity of the serving cell of the first node.

[0411] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the identity of the cell that sent the first signaling.

[0412] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the measurement results of the cell that sent the first signaling.

[0413] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes valid measurement results.

[0414] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the identity of the target cell.

[0415] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes plmn-IdentityList.

[0416] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes measResultLastServCell.

[0417] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes rsIndexResults.

[0418] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes ssbRLMConfigBitmap.

[0419] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes measObjectNR.

[0420] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes measResultListNR.

[0421] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes connectionFailureType.

[0422] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes rlf-Cause.

[0423] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes locationInfo.

[0424] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the identity of the relay included in the second wireless link.

[0425] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes measurement results of the relays included in the second wireless link.

[0426] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the type of relay included in the second wireless link.

[0427] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes whether the type of relay included in the second wireless link is a Layer 2 or Layer 3 relay.

[0428] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the serving cell of the relay included in the second radio link.

[0429] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the primary cell of the relay included in the second radio link.

[0430] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes the RRC status of the relays included in the second wireless link.

[0431] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information includes a list of PLMNs of relays included in the second wireless link.

[0432] As an example, the first node, in response to the expiration of the first timer, stores first failure information in a first variable; the first variable is used to generate the first message; the first failure information is information related to the wireless link handover failure; the first information adopts the first format.

[0433] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first failure information is stored in the rlf-Report field of the first variable.

[0434] As an example, the expiration of the first timer does not trigger the first node to store information related to the wireless link handover failure in the state variable; the first information adopts the second format.

[0435] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred.

[0436] Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or HOF; the first relay is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0437] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first relay is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0438] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first format of the first message does not include any of the following: {failure reasons other than RLF and HOF, identity of the first relay, measurement results for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement results of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred}.

[0439] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the connectionFailureType field of the first message indicates the first failure reason, which is a failure reason other than HOF and RLF.

[0440] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the Layer-2 ID of the first relay.

[0441] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the Layer-2 ID in the discovery message sent by the first relay.

[0442] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the C-RNTI of the first relay.

[0443] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the temporary identity of the first relay for the adaptation layer.

[0444] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the measurement results for the first relay include SL-RSRP and / or SD-RSRP.

[0445] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the measurement results for the first relay are configured by measObjectNR.

[0446] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the state of the first relay includes the RRC state of the first relay.

[0447] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the state of the first relay includes the cell select repeat state of the first relay.

[0448] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the state of the first relay includes a normal dwell state.

[0449] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay includes an indication of whether a direct link for relaying has been established with the first relay.

[0450] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay includes an indication of whether a secondary link has been established with the first relay.

[0451] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay includes whether a PC5-RRC connection has been established with the first relay.

[0452] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay includes whether an RRCReconfigurationCompleteSidelink has been received from the first relay.

[0453] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second timer includes T400.

[0454] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second timer includes a timer that begins with the establishment of a direct link.

[0455] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the second timer includes a timer that begins with the establishment of the PC5 link or PC5 interface.

[0456] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the second timer includes a timer that begins with the establishment of the secondary link.

[0457] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the measurement results of the serving cell of the first relay include the measurement results for the serving cell of the first relay.

[0458] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the measurement results of the serving cell of the first relay include the measurement results of the primary cell of the first relay.

[0459] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the reasons for the expiration of the first timer include one of the following: {NAS-related reasons, AS-related reasons, timer expiration, PC5 establishment failure, PC5 release, PC5 rejection, radio link failure, relay unavailable, relay performs cell reselection, relay performs handover, secondary link establishment failure, first relay experiences Uu interface failure, compatibility failure, authentication failure, security establishment failure, cell is blocked, PLMN unavailable}.

[0460] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay occurs includes: whether a secondary link communication failure related to the relay occurs for the first relay.

[0461] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay occurs includes whether a secondary link wireless link failure related to the first relay occurs.

[0462] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay occurs includes: whether a secondary link integrity verification failure related to the first relay occurs.

[0463] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay occurs includes whether a configuration failure occurs on the secondary link related to the first relay.

[0464] As an example, the second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field. The omission of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0465] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first format of the first message includes the nrFailedPCellId field.

[0466] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the second format of the first message implicitly indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0467] As a sub-example of this embodiment, if the second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field, it indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0468] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first wireless link and the second wireless link target the same cell.

[0469] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, the nrFailedPCellId field included in the second format of the first message indicates the identity of the first relay, the first relay being the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

[0470] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes a Layer-2 ID.

[0471] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the Layer-2 ID in the discovery message sent by the first relay.

[0472] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the C-RNTI of the first relay.

[0473] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the identity of the first relay is or includes the temporary identity of the first relay for the adaptation layer.

[0474] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first relay is a layer 2 relay.

[0475] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first relay is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0476] As one embodiment, when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the second wireless link includes a first relay.

[0477] As an example, the first relay is an L2 U2N relay.

[0478] As an example, the first relay is a U2N relay UE.

[0479] As an example, the first relay is a UE.

[0480] As an example, the first relay is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0481] As an example, the first relay is an L2 relay.

[0482] As an example, the first relay is a suitable relay.

[0483] As one embodiment, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay that has received system information from the suitable L2 relay.

[0484] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay that has received system information from the core of the suitable L2 relay.

[0485] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay to which the first node indicates information related to receiving paging.

[0486] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay to which the first node indicates information related to receiving a paging and which is acknowledged.

[0487] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay capable of monitoring paging messages from the first node.

[0488] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay capable of monitoring paging messages of the first node.

[0489] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay capable of forwarding network notifications.

[0490] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay in which no wireless link failure has occurred.

[0491] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes: an L2U2N relay whose measured SL-RSRP and / or SD-RSRP meet certain requirements.

[0492] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the first node performs measurements for the candidate relay to obtain the SL-RSRP and / or the SD-RSRP.

[0493] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the candidate relay performs measurements for the first section to obtain the SL-RSRP and / or the SD-RSRP.

[0494] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes: an L2U2N relay whose measured SL-RSRQ and / or SD-RSRQ meet certain requirements.

[0495] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the first node performs measurements for the candidate relay to obtain the SL-RSRQ and / or SD-RSRQ.

[0496] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the candidate relay performs measurements against the first section to obtain the SL-RSRQ and / or the SD-RSRQ.

[0497] As an example, the suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay that has not received a direct link release or rejection indication.

[0498] As an example, a suitable L2 relay is or includes a relay with an active direct link to it.

[0499] As an example, the suitable L2 trunk is or includes: a trunk in a normal dwell state or a trunk in an RRC connected state.

[0500] As an example, the establishment of the phrase RRC connection includes establishing an RRC connection.

[0501] As an example, the establishment of the phrase RRC connection includes resuming the RRC connection.

[0502] As an example, establishing the phrase RRC connection includes re-establishing the RRC connection.

[0503] As an example, when the RRC connection is established, the first node enters the RRC connection state.

[0504] As an example, when the RRC connection is established, the first node has an RRC connection with the access network.

[0505] Example 2

[0506] Example 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2 As shown. (Attached) Figure 2 This describes the V2X communication architecture under the 5G NR (New Radio), LTE (Long-Term Evolution), and LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution Advanced) system architectures. The 5G NR or LTE network architecture can also be referred to as 5GS (5G System) / EPS (Evolved Packet System) or some other suitable term.

[0507] The V2X communication architecture of Example 2 includes a UE (User Equipment) 201, a UE 241, an NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) 202, a 5GC (5G Core Network) / EPC (Evolved Packet Core) 210, an HSS (Home Subscriber Server) / UDM (Unified Data Management) 220, a ProSe function 250, and a ProSe application server 230. This V2X communication architecture can interconnect with other access networks, but these entities / interfaces are not shown for simplicity. As shown in the figure, the V2X communication architecture provides packet-switched services; however, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the various concepts presented throughout this application can be extended to networks providing circuit-switched services or other cellular networks. The NG-RAN includes an NR Node B (gNB) 203 and other gNBs 204. gNBs 203 provide user and control plane protocol termination toward the UE 201. gNBs 203 can connect to other gNBs 204 via an Xn interface (e.g., backhaul). gNB203 may also be referred to as a base station, base transceiver station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, Basic Services Set (BSS), Extended Services Set (ESS), TRP (Transmitter Receiver Node), or some other suitable term. gNB203 provides UE201 with an access point to the 5GC / EPC210. ​​Examples of UE201 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, non-terrestrial base station communications, satellite mobile communications, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, drones, aircraft, narrowband IoT devices, machine-type communication devices, land vehicles, automobiles, wearable devices, or any other similar functional devices. Those skilled in the art may also refer to UE201 as a mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, radio terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or any other suitable term. gNB203 is connected to 5GC / EPC210 via the S1 / NG interface.The 5GC / EPC210 includes the MME (Mobility Management Entity), AMF (Authentication Management Field), and SMF (Session Management Function) 211, other MMEs / AMFs / SMFs 214, the S-GW (Service Gateway) / UPF (User Plane Function) 212, and the P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) / UPF 213. The MME / AMF / SMF 211 is the control node that handles signaling between the UE201 and the 5GC / EPC210. ​​Generally, the MME / AMF / SMF 211 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP (Internet Protocol) packets are transmitted through the S-GW / UPF 212, which is itself connected to the P-GW / UPF 213. The P-GW provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW / UPF213 connects to Internet service 230. Internet service 230 includes carrier-compliant Internet protocol services, specifically including the Internet, intranet, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), and packet-switched streaming services. The ProSe function 250 is a logical function for network-related behaviors required for Proximity-based Services (ProSe); it includes DPF (Direct Provisioning Function), Direct Discovery Name Management Function, and EPC-level Discovery ProSe Function. The ProSe application server 230 has functions such as storing EPC ProSe user identifiers, mapping between application-layer user identifiers and EPC ProSe user identifiers, and allocating a pool of ProSe-restricted code suffixes.

[0508] As an example, UE201 and UE241 are connected via a PC5 reference point.

[0509] As an example, the ProSe function 250 is connected to the UE201 and the UE241 via the PC3 reference point.

[0510] As an example, the ProSe function 250 is connected to the ProSe application server 230 via the PC2 reference point.

[0511] As an example, the ProSe application server 230 is connected to the ProSe application of UE201 and the ProSe application of UE241 respectively through the PC1 reference point.

[0512] As an example, the first node in this application is UE201.

[0513] As an example, the second node in this application is gNB203, i.e., NR node B.

[0514] As an example, the third node in this application is UE241.

[0515] As an example, the fourth node in this application is another NR node B204, or a node in the core network 210.

[0516] As an example, the radio link between UE201 and UE241 corresponds to the sidelink (SL) in this application.

[0517] As an example, the radio link from UE201 to NR node B is an uplink.

[0518] As an example, the radio link from NR node B to UE201 is a downlink.

[0519] As an example, the radio link from the UE241 to the NR node B is an uplink.

[0520] As an example, the radio link from NR node B to UE241 is a downlink.

[0521] As an example, the UE201 supports relay transmission.

[0522] As an example, the UE241 supports relay transmission.

[0523] As an example, the UE201 includes a mobile phone.

[0524] As an example, the UE241 includes a mobile phone.

[0525] As an example, the UE201 is a vehicle including a car.

[0526] As an example, the UE241 is a vehicle including a car.

[0527] As an example, the gNB203 is a macrocell base station.

[0528] As an example, the gNB203 is a microcell base station.

[0529] As an example, the gNB203 is a PicoCell base station.

[0530] As one example, the gNB203 is a flight platform device.

[0531] As an example, the gNB203 is a satellite device.

[0532] Example 3

[0533] Example 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wireless protocol architecture for a user plane and a control plane according to this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a radio protocol architecture for the user plane 350 and the control plane 300. Figure 3The radio protocol architecture for the control plane 300 between the first node (a satellite or aircraft in the gNB or NTN) and the second node (a satellite or aircraft in the gNB, UE, or NTN), or between two UEs, is illustrated using three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3. Layer 1 (L1 layer) is the lowest layer and implements various PHY (Physical Layer) signal processing functions. L1 layer will be referred to as PHY301 in this document. Layer 2 (L2 layer) 305 sits above PHY301 and is responsible for the link between the first and second nodes and between the two UEs via PHY301. L2 layer 305 includes the MAC (Medium Access Control) sublayer 302, the RLC (Radio Link Control) sublayer 303, and the PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) sublayer 304, which terminate at the second node. The PDCP sublayer 304 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels. PDCP sublayer 304 also provides security through encrypted data packets and supports cross-cell mobility between second nodes to the first node. RLC sublayer 303 provides upper-layer packet segmentation and reassembly, retransmission of lost packets, and packet reordering to compensate for out-of-order reception due to HARQ. MAC sublayer 302 provides multiplexing between logical and transport channels. MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for allocating various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) within a cell between first nodes. MAC sublayer 302 is also responsible for HARQ operations. RRC (Radio Resource Control) sublayer 306 in Layer 3 (L3) of the control plane 300 is responsible for acquiring radio resources (i.e., radio bearers) and configuring the lower layer using RRC signaling between the second and first nodes. PC5-S (PC5 Signaling Protocol) sublayer 307 is responsible for processing the signaling protocol of the PC5 interface. The radio protocol architecture of user plane 350 includes layer 1 (L1 layer) and layer 2 (L2 layer). The radio protocol architecture for the first and second nodes in user plane 350 is largely the same as the corresponding layers and sublayers in control plane 300 for physical layer 351, PDCP sublayer 354 in L2 layer 355, RLC sublayer 353 in L2 layer 355 and MAC sublayer 352 in L2 layer 355. However, PDCP sublayer 354 also provides header compression for upper layer packets to reduce radio transmission overhead.The L2 layer 355 in the user plane 350 also includes an SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) sublayer 356. The SDAP sublayer 356 is responsible for mapping between QoS flows and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) to support service diversity. Although not illustrated, the first node may have several upper layers above the L2 layer 355. Additionally, it includes a network layer (e.g., IP layer) terminating at the P-GW on the network side and an application layer terminating at the other end of the connection (e.g., a remote UE, server, etc.). For UEs involving relay services, their control plane may also include an adaptation sublayer AP 308, and their user plane may also include an adaptation sublayer AP 358. The introduction of the adaptation layer helps lower layers, such as the MAC layer and RLC layer, to multiplex and / or differentiate data from multiple source UEs. For UE-to-UE communication involving relay services, the adaptation sublayer may not be required. Additionally, the AP308 and AP358 adapter sublayers can also be used as sublayers within PDCP304 and PDCP354, respectively. RRC306 can be used to process RRC signaling for the Uu interface and signaling for the PC5 interface.

[0534] As an example, Appendix Figure 3 The wireless protocol architecture described herein is applicable to the first node in this application.

[0535] As an example, Appendix Figure 3 The wireless protocol architecture described herein is applicable to the second node in this application.

[0536] As an example, Appendix Figure 3 The wireless protocol architecture described herein is applicable to the third node described in this application.

[0537] As an example, the first signaling in this application is generated in RRC306.

[0538] As an example, the first message in this application is generated in RRC306.

[0539] As an example, the first feedback message in this application is generated in RRC306.

[0540] Example 4

[0541] Example 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first communication device and a second communication device according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 This is a block diagram of a first communication device 450 and a second communication device 410 communicating with each other in the access network.

[0542] The first communication device 450 includes a controller / processor 459, a memory 460, a data source 467, a transmitting processor 468, a receiving processor 456, a multi-antenna transmitting processor 457, a multi-antenna receiving processor 458, a transmitter / receiver 454, and an antenna 452.

[0543] The second communication device 410 includes a controller / processor 475, a memory 476, a receiver processor 470, a transmitter processor 416, a multi-antenna receiver processor 472, a multi-antenna transmitter processor 471, a transmitter / receiver 418, and an antenna 420.

[0544] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the second communication device 410, upper-layer data packets from the core network are provided to the controller / processor 475. The controller / processor 475 implements L2 (Layer-2) layer functionality. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 475 provides header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocation to the first communication device 450 based on various priority metrics. The controller / processor 475 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the first communication device 450. The transmit processor 416 and the multi-antenna transmit processor 471 implement various signal processing functions for the L1 layer (i.e., the physical layer). Transmit processor 416 performs encoding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the second communication device 410, and mapping of signal clusters based on various modulation schemes (e.g., Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), M-Phase Shift Keying (M-PSK), M-QAM). Multi-antenna transmit processor 471 performs digital spatial precoding on the encoded and modulated symbols, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing, generating one or more spatial streams. Transmit processor 416 then maps each spatial stream to subcarriers, multiplexes it with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently uses inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Multi-antenna transmit processor 471 then performs transmit analog precoding / beamforming operations on the time-domain multicarrier symbol stream. Each transmitter 418 converts the baseband multicarrier symbol stream provided by the multi-antenna transmitter processor 471 into an radio frequency stream, which is then provided to different antennas 420.

[0545] In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, at the first communication device 450, each receiver 454 receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 452. Each receiver 454 recovers the information modulated onto the radio frequency carrier and converts the radio frequency stream into a baseband multicarrier symbol stream, which is then provided to the receiver processor 456. The receiver processor 456 and the multi-antenna receiver processor 458 implement various signal processing functions of the L1 layer. The multi-antenna receiver processor 458 performs receive analog precoding / beamforming operations on the baseband multicarrier symbol stream from the receiver 454. The receiver processor 456 uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to switch the baseband multicarrier symbol stream after the receive analog precoding / beamforming operations from the time domain to the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, the physical layer data signal and the reference signal are demultiplexed by the receiver processor 456, where the reference signal is used for channel estimation, and the data signal is recovered in the multi-antenna receiver processor 458 after multi-antenna detection to recover any spatial stream destined for the first communication device 450. Symbols on each spatial stream are demodulated and recovered in the receive processor 456, generating soft decisions. The receive processor 456 then decodes and deinterleaves the soft decisions to recover the upper-layer data and control signals transmitted by the second communication device 410 over the physical channel. The upper-layer data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 459. The controller / processor 459 implements the functions of Layer 2. The controller / processor 459 may be associated with a memory 460 storing program code and data. The memory 460 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the second communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 provides multiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport and logical channels to recover upper-layer data packets from the core network. The upper-layer data packets are then provided to all protocol layers above Layer 2. Various control signals may also be provided to Layer 3 for Layer 3 processing.

[0546] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, at the first communication device 450, a data source 467 is used to provide upper-layer data packets to the controller / processor 459. The data source 467 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer. Similar to the transmission functions at the second communication device 410 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450, the controller / processor 459 implements header compression, encryption, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocation, implementing L2 layer functions for the user plane and control plane. The controller / processor 459 is also responsible for retransmitting lost packets and signaling to the second communication device 410. Transmit processor 468 performs modulation mapping and channel coding processing, while multi-antenna transmit processor 457 performs digital multi-antenna spatial precoding, including codebook-based and non-codebook-based precoding, and beamforming processing. Subsequently, transmit processor 468 modulates the generated spatial stream into a multi-carrier / single-carrier symbol stream. After analog precoding / beamforming operations in multi-antenna transmit processor 457, the stream is provided to different antennas 452 via transmitter 454. Each transmitter 454 first converts the baseband symbol stream provided by multi-antenna transmit processor 457 into a radio frequency symbol stream before providing it to antenna 452.

[0547] In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the function at the second communication device 410 is similar to the receiving function at the first communication device 450 described in the transmission from the second communication device 410 to the first communication device 450. Each receiver 418 receives radio frequency signals through its corresponding antenna 420, converts the received radio frequency signals into baseband signals, and provides the baseband signals to the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 and the receiving processor 470. The receiving processor 470 and the multi-antenna receiving processor 472 jointly implement the L1 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 implements the L2 layer functions. The controller / processor 475 may be associated with a memory 476 that stores program code and data. The memory 476 may be referred to as computer-readable media. In the transmission from the first communication device 450 to the second communication device 410, the controller / processor 475 provides multiplexing between the transmission and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover upper-layer data packets from the UE 450. Upper-layer packets from the controller / processor 475 can be provided to the core network.

[0548] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor, and the first communication device 450 at least: receives a first signaling, the first signaling being used to indicate a handover from a first wireless link to a second wireless link; the first wireless link is a direct path; the first signaling is used to configure a first timer; as a response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the wireless link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction; sends a first message; wherein the format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second wireless link is a direct path or an indirect path; The first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the non-direct path communicates with the network via a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0549] As one embodiment, the first communication device 450 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program that, when executed by at least one processor, produces actions including: receiving first signaling, the first signaling being used to indicate a handover from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link being a direct path; the first signaling being used to configure a first timer; determining that the radio link handover has failed and initiating an RRC reconstruction as a response to the expiration of the first timer; sending a first message; wherein the format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using an SRB; The first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the non-direct path communicates with the network via a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0550] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to be used with the at least one processor. The second communication device 410 includes at least: sending a first signaling instruction, the first signaling instruction being used to indicate a handover from a first wireless link to a second wireless link; the first wireless link being a direct path; the first signaling instruction being used to configure a first timer; the receiver of the first signaling instruction, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determining that the wireless link handover has failed, and initiating an RRC reconstruction; receiving a first message; wherein the format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second wireless link is a direct path or a non-direct path; the first signaling instruction is an RRC message using an SRB; the first message is an RRC message using an SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the expiration of the first timer; when the second wireless link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed; the non-direct path communicates with the network via a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second wireless link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0551] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 includes: a memory storing a computer-readable instruction program that, when executed by at least one processor, produces actions including: sending first signaling, the first signaling being used to indicate a handover from a first wireless link to a second wireless link; the first wireless link being a direct path; the first signaling being used to configure a first timer; a receiver of the first signaling, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determining that the wireless link handover has failed, and initiating an RRC reconstruction; receiving a first message; wherein the format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second wireless link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling uses SRB. RRC message; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover failed; the non-direct path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is a non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0552] As an example, the first communication device 450 corresponds to the first node in this application.

[0553] As an example, the second communication device 410 corresponds to the second node in this application.

[0554] As an example, the first communication device 450 corresponds to the third node in this application.

[0555] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a UE.

[0556] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a vehicle-mounted terminal.

[0557] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a mobile phone.

[0558] As an example, the first communication device 450 is a relay.

[0559] As one embodiment, the second communication device 410 is a base station.

[0560] As one embodiment, receiver 456 (including antenna 460), receiver processor 452 and controller / processor 490 are used in this application to receive the first signaling.

[0561] As one embodiment, a transmitter 456 (including an antenna 460), a transmitter processor 455, and a controller / processor 490 are used in this application to transmit the first message.

[0562] As one embodiment, transmitter 416 (including antenna 420), transmitter processor 412 and controller / processor 440 are used in this application to transmit the first feedback message.

[0563] Example 5

[0564] Example 5 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flowchart according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5 As shown. (Attached) Figure 5 In this embodiment, U01 corresponds to the first node of this application, U02 corresponds to the second node of this application, and U03 is a relay node. In embodiment 5, the third node U03 only relates to the scenario where the second wireless link is a non-direct path. It should be noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application. The steps in F51 are optional, and step S5205 is also optional.

[0565] for First node U01 In step S5101, the first signaling is received; in step S5102, the first timer is started; in step S5103, the radio link handover failure is determined; in step S5104, an RRC reconstruction request is sent; in step S5105, an RRC reconstruction signaling is received; and in step S5106, the first message is sent.

[0566] for Second node U02 In step S5201, a first signaling message is sent; in step S5202, an RRC reconstruction request is received; in step S5203, an RRC reconstruction signaling message is sent; in step S5204, a first message is received; and in step S5205, a second message is sent.

[0567] In Embodiment 5, the first signaling is used to indicate a handover from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link is a direct path; the first signaling is used to configure a first timer; the format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network via a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0568] As an example, the first node U01 is a U2N relay UE.

[0569] As an example, the first node U01 is a U2N remote UE.

[0570] As an example, the first node U01 is an NR ProSe U2N remote UE.

[0571] As an example, the third node U03 is a UE.

[0572] As an example, the third node U03 is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0573] As an example, the third node U03 is a U2N relay of the first node U01.

[0574] As an example, the third node U03 is a layer 2 relay of the first node U01.

[0575] As an example, the third node U03 is an NR ProSe U2N relay.

[0576] As an example, the third node U03 is a U2N relay UE.

[0577] As an example, the third node U03 provides L2 U2N relay services to the first node U01.

[0578] As one example, the second node U02 is a base station.

[0579] In one embodiment, the second node U02 is the primary cell of the first node U01.

[0580] As an example, the second node U02 is the primary cell group of the first node U01.

[0581] In one embodiment, the second node U02 is the primary cell of the third node U03.

[0582] As an example, the second node U02 is the serving cell of the third node U03.

[0583] As an example, the second node U02 is not the primary cell of the third node U03.

[0584] As an example, the second node U02 is not the serving cell of the third node U03.

[0585] As an example, the third node U03 is in the RRC connected state.

[0586] As an example, the third node U03 is in a non-RRC connected state.

[0587] As an example, the third node U03 is the first relay.

[0588] As an example, when the second radio link indicated by the first signaling is a non-direct path, the first signaling includes the identity of the third node U03.

[0589] As an example, when the second radio link indicated by the first signaling is a non-direct path, the first signaling includes two identities of the third node U03, one of which is a Layer-2 ID.

[0590] As an example, when the second radio link indicated by the first signaling is a non-direct path, the first signaling includes at least a field related to path switching.

[0591] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, when the second radio link indicated by the first signaling is a direct path, the first signaling does not include fields related to path switching.

[0592] As an example, when the first signaling explicitly indicates that the second radio link is a non-direct path, the second radio link is a non-direct path; when the first signaling does not explicitly indicate that the second radio link is a non-direct path, the second radio link is a direct path.

[0593] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase explicitly indicating that the second radio link is a non-direct path includes: the first signaling includes at least one field related to path switching or the first signaling includes at least one field with the name of path switching.

[0594] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase explicitly indicating that the second radio link is an indirect path includes: the information cells included in the first signaling for configuring the second radio link include relays.

[0595] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase explicitly indicating that the second radio link is an indirect path includes: the name of the cell included in the first signaling for configuring the second radio link includes a relay.

[0596] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase explicitly indicating that the second radio link is an indirect path includes: the name of the cell used to configure the second radio link in the first signaling includes the identity of the relay.

[0597] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase explicitly indicating that the second radio link is a non-direct path includes: the first signaling includes at least one field indicating that the second radio link includes an RLC bearer of a PC5 interface, and the included PC5 interface RLC bearer serves at least one RB.

[0598] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the phrase explicitly indicating that the second radio link is a non-direct path includes: the first signaling includes at least one field indicating that the second radio link includes a secondary link RLC bearer, and that the included secondary link RLC bearer serves at least one RB.

[0599] As an example, the first signaling uses direct path transmission.

[0600] As an example, the first signaling is transmitted using the first wireless link.

[0601] As an example, the first node U01, in response to executing the first signaling, sends a first feedback message, which indicates that the first signaling has been completed.

[0602] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first feedback message is RRCReconfigurationComplete.

[0603] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, when the second wireless link is a direct path, the first feedback message is transmitted via the direct path.

[0604] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, when the second wireless link is a non-direct path, the first feedback message is transmitted through the non-direct path.

[0605] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the first feedback message is transmitted through the second wireless link.

[0606] As an example, the receipt of the first signaling triggers the first node U01 to start the first timer.

[0607] As an example, the execution of the first signaling triggers the first node U01 to start the first timer.

[0608] As an example, upon receiving the first signaling, the first node U01 starts the first timer.

[0609] As an example, along with the execution of the first signaling, the first node U01 starts the first timer.

[0610] As an example, the first timer starts after the first signaling is received.

[0611] As an example, the first timer starts after the first signaling is executed.

[0612] As an example, the first timer starts before the first feedback message is sent.

[0613] As an example, the first timer has not yet started before the first feedback message is sent.

[0614] As an example, along with the sending of the first feedback message, the first node U01 starts the first timer.

[0615] As an example, along with the sending of the first feedback message, the first node U01 starts the first timer.

[0616] As an example, step S5103 is executed later than step S5102, and no wireless link failure other than the wireless link handover failure is detected after step S5102 and before step S5103.

[0617] As an example, step S5103 is executed later than step S5102, and the first timer is not restarted after step S5102 and before the first timer expires.

[0618] As an example, in response to the expiration of the first timer, the first node U01 determines in step S5103 that the wireless link handover has failed; the expiration of the first timer corresponds to the start of the first timer in step S5102.

[0619] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the wireless link handover failure refers to the inability to switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link before the first timer expires.

[0620] As an example, the behavior of the first node in RRC reconstruction includes at least step S5104 of sending an RRC reconstruction request.

[0621] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is an RRCReestablishmentRequest message.

[0622] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is an RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest message.

[0623] As an example, the behavior RRC reconstruction of the first node is directed at the second node U02.

[0624] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is directed to the second node U02.

[0625] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is sent directly to the second node U02 without relaying.

[0626] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is sent to the second node U02 via the relay of the third node U03.

[0627] As an example, the RRC reconstruction command request is sent to the first node U01 via the relay of the third node U03.

[0628] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request includes the identity of the second node U02.

[0629] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request includes the identity of the first node U01.

[0630] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is sent via a direct path.

[0631] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is sent via a non-direct path.

[0632] As an example, the RRC reconstruction signaling is RRCReestablishment.

[0633] As an example, the RRC reconstruction signaling is RRCConnectionReestablishment.

[0634] As an example, the RRC reconstruction signaling is RRCSetup.

[0635] As an example, the RRC reconstruction signaling is RRCConnectionSetup.

[0636] As an example, both the RRC reconstruction request and the RRC reconstruction signaling are transmitted using a direct path, or both are transmitted using a non-direct path.

[0637] As an example, one of the RRC reconstruction request and the RRC reconstruction signaling uses direct path transmission, while the other uses indirect path transmission.

[0638] As an example, after receiving the RRC reconstruction signaling, the first node U01 sends an RRC reconstruction completion message, which is used to confirm that the RRC reconstruction is complete.

[0639] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes RRCSetupComplete.

[0640] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes RRCReconfigurationComplete.

[0641] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction complete message indicates that there is available / valid failure information.

[0642] As a sub-example of this embodiment, when the information related to the wireless link handover failure is still available or valid, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes an indication of available / valid failure information.

[0643] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes UE-MeasurementsAvailable, which indicates radio link handover failure information.

[0644] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes rlf-InfoAvailable, which indicates that there is radio link handover failure information.

[0645] As a sub-example of this embodiment, when the first node U01 has or stores information related to the wireless link handover failure, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes rlf-InfoAvailable.

[0646] As one embodiment, the first node receives a first information request message, the first information request message including rlf-ReportReq, and in response to receiving the first information request message, the first node U01 sends the first message.

[0647] As a sub-implementation of one embodiment, the first information request message is a UEInformationRequest.

[0648] As an example, the first message is sent after the RRC reconstruction is completed.

[0649] As an example, the first message is sent after the RRC establishment triggered by the RRC reconstruction is completed.

[0650] As an example, the first message is relayed to the second node U02 via the third node U03.

[0651] As an example, the first message is sent directly to the second node U02.

[0652] As one example, the second message is a message on the base station-to-base station interface.

[0653] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the base station-to-base station interface is or includes an Xn interface.

[0654] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the base station-to-base station interface is or includes an X2 interface.

[0655] As one example, the second message is a message on the base station-to-core network interface.

[0656] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the interface between the base station and the core network is or includes S1.

[0657] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the interface between the base station and the core network is or includes N3.

[0658] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the interface between the base station and the core network is or includes N2.

[0659] As an example, the second message is not an RRC message.

[0660] As an example, the second message is a NAS message.

[0661] As one example, the recipient of the second message is a cell.

[0662] In one embodiment, the recipient of the second message is a core network device.

[0663] In one embodiment, the recipient of the second message is a neighboring cell of the first node U01.

[0664] As one example, the second message is or includes a handover report.

[0665] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes a HO report.

[0666] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes an RLF report.

[0667] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes the UE RLF report container.

[0668] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes a FAILURE INDICATION.

[0669] As an example, the first message is used to generate the second message.

[0670] As one embodiment, the second message includes information related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0671] As one embodiment, the second message includes information from the first message related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0672] As an example, the second message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0673] As an example, the second message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0674] As one example, the second message includes the identity of the second node U02.

[0675] As an example, the second message includes the identity of the third node U03.

[0676] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the third node U03 is the identity of the Uu interface of the third node U03.

[0677] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the third node U03 is the C-RNTI of the third node U03.

[0678] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the third node U03 is the identity of the third node U03 in the NAS layer.

[0679] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the third node U03 is the identity of the third node U03 related to the secondary link.

[0680] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the third node U03 is the identity of the third node U03 used for paging.

[0681] As one embodiment, the second message indicates whether the second wireless link is a direct path or an indirect path.

[0682] As an example, the second message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is a path handover failure.

[0683] As an example, the second message indicates the serving cell of the third node U03.

[0684] As an example, the second message indicates the PLMN of the third node U03.

[0685] As an example, the second message indicates the tracking area of ​​the third node U03.

[0686] Example 6

[0687] Example 6 illustrates a wireless signal transmission flowchart according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 6 As shown. (Attached) Figure 6In this example, U11 corresponds to the first node of this application, U12 corresponds to the second node of this application, and U14 is the fourth node other than the second node U12. It should be noted that the order in this example does not limit the signal transmission order and implementation order in this application. Embodiment 6 is based on Embodiment 5. The contents required but not shown in Embodiment 6 can be referred to Embodiment 5. The steps in F61 are optional, and step S6404 is also optional.

[0688] for First node U11 In step S6101, the first signaling is received; in step S6102, the first timer is started; in step S6103, the radio link handover failure is determined; in step S6104, an RRC reconstruction request is sent; in step S6105, an RRC reconstruction signaling is received; and in step S6106, the first message is sent.

[0689] for Second node U12 In step S6201, the first signaling is sent.

[0690] for Fourth node U14 In step S6401, an RRC reconstruction request is received; in step S6402, an RRC reconstruction signaling is sent; in step S6403, a first message is received; and in step S6404, a second message is sent.

[0691] As an example, the fourth node U14 is a base station.

[0692] As an example, the fourth node U14 is a gNB.

[0693] As an example, the fourth node U14 is a cell.

[0694] As an example, the fourth node U14 is a neighboring cell of the first node U11.

[0695] As an example, the fourth node U14 is the serving cell of the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0696] As an example, the fourth node U14 is the primary cell of the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0697] As an example, the fourth node U14 is the cell targeted by the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0698] As an example, the fourth node U14 is the target cell indicated by the first signaling.

[0699] As an example, the RRC reconstruction of the first node U11 includes at least sending an RRC reconstruction request message.

[0700] As an example, the RRC reconstruction of the first node U11 is directed to the fourth node U14.

[0701] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is sent directly to the fourth node U14 without relaying.

[0702] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request is sent to the fourth node U14 via a relay.

[0703] As an example, the RRC reconstruction command request is sent to the first node U11 via a relay.

[0704] As an example, the RRC reconstruction command is sent directly to the first node U11 without relaying.

[0705] As an example, the RRC reconstruction request includes the identity of the second node U12.

[0706] As an example, after receiving the RRC reconstruction signaling, the first node U11 sends an RRC reconstruction completion message, which is used to confirm that the RRC reconstruction is complete.

[0707] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes RRCSetupComplete.

[0708] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes RRCReconfigurationComplete.

[0709] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction complete message indicates that there is available / valid failure information.

[0710] As a sub-example of this embodiment, when the information related to the wireless link handover failure is still available or valid, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes an indication of available / valid failure information.

[0711] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes UE-MeasurementsAvailable, which indicates radio link handover failure information.

[0712] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes rlf-InfoAvailable, which indicates that there is radio link handover failure information.

[0713] As a sub-example of this embodiment, when the first node U11 has or stores information related to the wireless link handover failure, the RRC reconstruction completion message includes rlf-InfoAvailable.

[0714] As an example, the first message is sent after the behavior RRC reconstruction of the first node is completed.

[0715] As an example, the first message is sent after the RRC establishment triggered by the behavior RRC reconstruction of the first node is completed.

[0716] As an example, the first message is relayed to the fourth node U14.

[0717] As an example, the first message is sent directly to the fourth node U14 without being relayed.

[0718] As one example, the second message is a message on the base station-to-base station interface.

[0719] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the base station-to-base station interface is or includes an Xn interface.

[0720] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the base station-to-base station interface is or includes an X2 interface.

[0721] As one example, the second message is a message on the base station-to-core network interface.

[0722] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the interface between the base station and the core network is or includes S1.

[0723] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the interface between the base station and the core network is or includes N3.

[0724] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the interface between the base station and the core network is or includes N2.

[0725] As an example, the second message is not an RRC message.

[0726] As an example, the second message is a NAS message.

[0727] As one example, the recipient of the second message is a cell.

[0728] In one embodiment, the recipient of the second message is the second node U12.

[0729] In one embodiment, the recipient of the second message is a core network device.

[0730] As an example, the fourth node U14 and the second node U12 belong to the same PLMN or the same operator.

[0731] As an example, the fourth node U14 is connected to the same core network as the second node U12.

[0732] As an example, the fourth node U14 is connected to the same AMF as the second node U12.

[0733] In one embodiment, the recipient of the second message is a neighboring cell of the first node U11.

[0734] In one embodiment, the recipient of the second message is the second node U12.

[0735] As one example, the second message is or includes a handover report.

[0736] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes a HO report.

[0737] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes an RLF report.

[0738] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes the UE RLF report container.

[0739] As one embodiment, the second message is or includes a FAILURE INDICATION.

[0740] As an example, the first message is used to generate the second message.

[0741] As one embodiment, the second message includes information related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0742] As one embodiment, the second message includes information from the first message related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0743] As an example, the second message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0744] As an example, the second message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0745] As one example, the second message includes the identity of the second node U12.

[0746] As one example, the second message includes the identity of the relay of the first node U11.

[0747] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the relay of the first node U11 is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0748] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the relay of the first node U11 is an L2 U2N relay.

[0749] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the relay of the first node U11 is a relay included in the second wireless link.

[0750] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the relay of the first node U11 is the identity of the Uu interface.

[0751] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the relay of the first node U11 is C-RNTI.

[0752] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the relay of the first node U11 is the identity of the NAS layer.

[0753] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the relay of the first node U11 is an identity related to the secondary link.

[0754] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the identity of the relay of the first node U11 is the identity used for paging.

[0755] As one embodiment, the second message indicates whether the second wireless link is a direct path or an indirect path.

[0756] As an example, the second message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is a path handover failure.

[0757] As an example, the second message indicates at least one of the following: {serving cell, PLMN, tracking area, primary cell} of the relay of the first node U11.

[0758] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the relay of the first node U11 is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0759] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the relay of the first node U11 is an L2 U2N relay.

[0760] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the relay of the first node U11 is a relay included in the second wireless link.

[0761] Example 7

[0762] Example 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a relay communication protocol stack according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 7 As shown.

[0763] Appendix Figure 7 The protocol stack shown is applicable to L2 U2N relay communication. Example 7 is based on Example 3.

[0764] Appendix Figure 7 (a) in the text corresponds to the user plane protocol stack in L2 U2N relay communication; Appendix Figure 7 (b) in the text corresponds to the control plane protocol stack in L2 U2N relay communication.

[0765] Appendix Figure 7 The relay in the system is a relay node.

[0766] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay in the system is an L2 U2N relay.

[0767] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay in this system is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0768] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay in it is an L2 relay.

[0769] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay in this context is a U2N relay UE.

[0770] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay in the signaling is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0771] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay in the signaling is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling, and the second radio link is a non-direct path.

[0772] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The gNB in ​​the document corresponds to the second node in this application.

[0773] In Embodiment 7, the PC5 interface is the interface between the first node and the relay, and the protocol entities related to the PC5 interface {PC5-ADAPT, PC5-RLC, PC5-MAC, PC5-PHY} terminate at the first node and the relay; the Uu interface is the interface between the UE and the gNB, and the protocol entities of the Uu interface terminate at the UE and the gNB respectively.

[0774] As an example, both the first node and the relay are UEs.

[0775] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The relay mentioned therein corresponds to the third node U03 in embodiment 5.

[0776] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The gNB mentioned in the document corresponds to the second node of this application.

[0777] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The gNB mentioned in the first signaling is the sender of the first signaling.

[0778] As an example, the protocol entities {Uu-ADAPT, Uu-RLC, Uu-MAC, Uu-PHY} of the Uu interface terminate at the relay and gNB.

[0779] As an example, in (a), the protocol entities {Uu-SDAP, Uu-PDCP} of the Uu interface terminate at the first node and the gNB. The SDAP PDU and PDCP PDU of the first node are forwarded by the relay, but the relay does not modify the SDAP PDU and PDCP PDU of the first node. That is, the SDAP PDU and PDCP PDU sent by the first node to the gNB are transparent to the relay.

[0780] As an example, in (b), the protocol entities {Uu-RRC, Uu-PDCP} of the Uu interface terminate at the first node and the gNB. The RRC PDU and PDCP PDU of the first node are forwarded by the relay, but the relay does not modify the RRC PDU and PDCP PDU sent by the first node. That is, the RRC PDU and PDCP PDU sent by the first node to the gNB are transparent to the relay.

[0781] As an example, in (a), PC5-ADAPT corresponds to the attached... Figure 3 AP358, PC5-RLC corresponding to the attached file Figure 3 The RLC353 and PC5-MAC corresponding to it are attached. Figure 3The MAC352 and PC5-PHY corresponding to it are attached. Figure 3 PHY351 in the middle.

[0782] As an example, in (a), Uu-SDAP corresponds to the attached Figure 3 The SDAP356 and Uu-PDCP corresponding to it are attached. Figure 3 PDCP354 in [the context of PDCP354].

[0783] As an example, in (b), PC5-ADAPT corresponds to the attached... Figure 3 AP308, PC5-RLC corresponding to the attached file Figure 3 The RLC303 and PC5-MAC corresponding to it are attached. Figure 3 The MAC302 and PC5-PHY corresponding to it are attached. Figure 3 PHY301 in the middle.

[0784] As an example, in (b), Uu-RRC corresponds to the attached Figure 3 RRC306, Uu-PDCP corresponding to the appendix Figure 3 PDCP304 in the middle.

[0785] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 One of the cells of the gNB mentioned above is the serving cell of the relay, and the relay is in a non-RRC connected state.

[0786] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 One of the cells of the gNB mentioned above is the PCell of the relay, and the relay is in RRC connected state.

[0787] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 One of the cells of the gNB mentioned above is the cell where the relay is stationed.

[0788] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 One of the cells of the gNB described herein is a suitable cell for the relay.

[0789] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 One of the cells of the gNB mentioned above is the cell selected by the relay.

[0790] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 The cell of the gNB mentioned above is the cell where the first node resides.

[0791] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 One of the cells of the gNB described herein is a suitable cell of the first node.

[0792] As an example, Appendix Figure 7The cell in the gNB mentioned above is the cell selected by the first node.

[0793] As an example, PC5-ADAPT is used only for specific RBs, messages, or data.

[0794] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the PC5-ADAPT layer is not used when relaying system information.

[0795] As an example, Appendix Figure 7 In this context, the communication between the first node and the gNB uses a non-direct path.

[0796] As one embodiment, the first signaling is attached Figure 7 The Uu-RRC of the gNB in ​​(b) is generated and received by the Uu-RRC of the first node.

[0797] As an example, the first signaling is transparent to the relay.

[0798] As an example, the first signaling uses direct path transmission.

[0799] As an example, when using a non-direct path, the Uu-PDCP of the first node is associated with PC5-RLC, or associated with PC5-RLC via PC5-ADAPT.

[0800] As an example, when using a direct path, the first node will establish a Uu-RLC, and the Uu-PDCP of the first node will be associated with the Uu-RLC.

[0801] As a sub-example of this embodiment, after switching to the direct path, the first node releases the PC5-RLC.

[0802] As a sub-example of this embodiment, after switching to the direct path, the first node releases PC5-ADAPT.

[0803] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, after switching to the direct path, the first node releases PC5-MAC and PC5-PHY.

[0804] As a sub-example of this embodiment, after switching to the direct path, the first node no longer uses PC5-ADAPT.

[0805] As a sub-example of this embodiment, after switching to the direct path, there are no other protocol layers between the Uu-PDCP and Uu-RLC of the first node.

[0806] Example 8

[0807] Example 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of wireless link switching according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 8 As shown.

[0808] Appendix Figure 8 For cases where the second wireless link is not a direct path.

[0809] Appendix Figure 8 The first node in the appendix corresponds to the first node of this application; Figure 8 The second node in [the document] corresponds to the second node of this application; Appendix Figure 8 The third node in the second wireless link is a relay included in the second wireless link.

[0810] As an example, the third node is a UE.

[0811] As an example, the third node is a relay.

[0812] As an example, the third node is an L2 relay.

[0813] As an example, the third node is an L2 U2N relay UE.

[0814] As an example, the third node is a U2N relay UE.

[0815] As an example, Appendix Figure 8 The fifth node in the equation is the same as the second node, meaning they are the same node.

[0816] As an example, Appendix Figure 8 The fifth node in the CU belongs to the same CU as the second node.

[0817] As an example, Appendix Figure 8 The fifth node in the array belongs to the same gNB as the second node.

[0818] As an example, Appendix Figure 8 The fifth node in the list is a node other than the second node.

[0819] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the fifth node is a cell.

[0820] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the fifth node is a cell group.

[0821] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the fifth node is a base station.

[0822] As a sub-example of this embodiment, the fifth node is a gNB.

[0823] As an example, the first wireless link in this application is the wireless link between the first node and the second node.

[0824] As an example, the second wireless link in this application is the wireless link between the first node and the fifth node.

[0825] As one embodiment, the second wireless link includes a secondary link between the first node and the third node, and also includes a wireless link between the third node and the fifth node.

[0826] As an example, the relay included in the second wireless link refers to the relay used when transmitting data using the second wireless link.

[0827] As an example, the relay included in the second wireless link refers to the relay in the secondary link included in the second wireless link.

[0828] As an example, the relay included in the second wireless link refers to the fact that the second wireless link is a non-direct path, and the relay in the non-direct path is a relay of the second wireless link.

[0829] As an example, the relay included in the second wireless link refers to an attached... Figure 8 The third node mentioned in the text.

[0830] As one example, switching from the first wireless link to the second wireless link includes starting to use the third node.

[0831] As an example, the behavior RRC reconstruction of the first node includes the RRC reconstruction for the second node.

[0832] As an example, the behavior RRC reconstruction of the first node includes the RRC reconstruction for the fifth node.

[0833] Example 9

[0834] Example 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first variable being used to generate a first message according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 9 As shown.

[0835] As an example, the first variable is VarRLF-Report.

[0836] As an example, the first message includes UEInformationResponse.

[0837] As an example, the phrase "first variable" used to generate the first message includes: the first variable storing valid information related to the wireless link handover failure; and the first node setting the value of the timeSinceFailure field included in the first variable to the elapsed time since the wireless link handover failure.

[0838] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, RPLMN is included in the plmn-IdentityList of the first variable.

[0839] As an example, the phrase "first variable" used to generate the first message includes: the first variable storing valid information indicating the failure of the radio link handover; and the first node setting the value of the timeSinceFailure field included in the first variable to the elapsed time since the failure of the radio link handover.

[0840] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, RPLMN is included in the plmn-IdentityList of the first variable.

[0841] As an example, the phrase "first variable" used to generate the first message includes: the first variable storing valid path handover failure information, and the first node setting the value of the timeSinceFailure field included in the first variable to the elapsed time since the wireless link handover failure.

[0842] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the failure information of the wireless link handover failure is the path handover failure information.

[0843] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, RPLMN is included in the plmn-IdentityList of the first variable.

[0844] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, RPLMN is included in the plmn-IdentityList of the first variable.

[0845] As an example, the phrase "first variable" used to generate the first message includes: the first variable storing valid first failure information, and the first node setting the value of the timeSinceFailure field included in the first variable to the elapsed time since the wireless link handover failure.

[0846] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, the failure information of the wireless link switching failure is the first failure information.

[0847] As a sub-implementation of this embodiment, RPLMN is included in the plmn-IdentityList of the first variable.

[0848] As an example, the phrase first variable is used to generate the first message by setting the failedPCellId-EUTRA in the rlf-Report field of the first message to a first value to indicate the PCell of the first node or the sender of the first signaling or the cell where the radio link handover failure occurs.

[0849] As an example, the phrase "first variable" is used to generate the first message by setting the measResult-RLF-Report-EUTRA in the first message to the value of the rlf-Report of the first variable.

[0850] As an example, the phrase first variable is used to generate the first message by setting the rlf-Report in the first message to the value of rlf-Report in the first variable.

[0851] As an example, the phrase first variable is used to generate the first message by setting the rlf-Report field in the first message to the value of the rlf-Report field in the first variable.

[0852] As an example, using the phrase first variable to generate the first message includes: setting the value of the rlf-Report field in the first message to the value of the rlf-Report field in the first variable.

[0853] As an example, the first node stores information related to the wireless link handover failure in the rlf-Report field of the first variable.

[0854] As an example, in response to the expiration of the first timer, the first node stores information related to the wireless link handover failure in the rlf-Report field of the first variable.

[0855] As an example, the phrase first variable is used to generate the first message including: once the lower layer of the first node confirms that the first message has been successfully transmitted, the first node discards the rlf-Report in the first variable.

[0856] Example 10

[0857] Example 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a second field used to indicate a wireless link handover failure related to a relay, according to an embodiment of this application, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 10 As shown.

[0858] As an example, the second field of the first message belongs to the RLF-Report field.

[0859] As an example, the second field of the first message is the RLF-Report field of the first message.

[0860] As one embodiment, the first message includes an RLF-Report field, and the RLF-Report field included in the first message includes the second field.

[0861] As one example, the second field indicates a path switch.

[0862] As an example, the second field indicates the use of a relay.

[0863] As an example, the second field indicates a non-direct path.

[0864] As an example, the second field indicates the type of the second wireless link.

[0865] As one embodiment, the second field indicates the relay included in the second wireless link.

[0866] As one embodiment, the second field indicates the status of the relays included in the second wireless link.

[0867] As one embodiment, the second field indicates the identity of the relay included in the second wireless link.

[0868] As an example, the second field indicates the measurement results of the secondary link.

[0869] As an example, the second field indicates the reason for the wireless link handover failure, which is other than RLF and HOF.

[0870] As an example, the second field indicates a first timer, which is a timer other than T304.

[0871] As an example, the name of the second field includes relay.

[0872] As an example, the name of the second field includes path.

[0873] As an example, the name of the second field includes switch.

[0874] As an example, the second domain is rlf-Cause.

[0875] As an example, the second domain is hof-Cause.

[0876] As an example, the second field is other-Cause.

[0877] Example 11

[0878] Example 11 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a first node according to an embodiment of this application; as shown in the appendix. Figure 11 As shown. In the appendix Figure 11 In the first node, the processing device 1100 includes a first receiver 1101 and a first transmitter 1102. In embodiment 11,

[0879] First receiver 1101 receives first signaling, which is used to indicate a switch from a first radio link to a second radio link; the first radio link is a direct path; the first signaling is used to configure a first timer.

[0880] The first receiver 1101, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the wireless link handover has failed and initiates RRC reconstruction;

[0881] First transmitter 1102 sends the first message;

[0882] The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0883] As an example, the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0884] As one example, the first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

[0885] As an example, the first receiver 1101, in response to the expiration of the first timer, stores first failure information in a first variable; the first variable is used to generate the first message; the first failure information is information related to the wireless link handover failure.

[0886] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred.

[0887] Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or HOF; the first relay is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0888] As an example, the second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field. The omission of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0889] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, the nrFailedPCellId field included in the second format of the first message indicates the identity of the first relay, the first relay being the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

[0890] As an example, both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field indicating HOF, and the second format of the first message includes a second field used to indicate that the radio link handover failure is related to a relay; the first format of the first message does not include the second field.

[0891] As an example, the first node is a user equipment (UE).

[0892] As an example, the first node is a terminal that supports large latency differences.

[0893] As an example, the first node is an NTN-enabled terminal.

[0894] As an example, the first node is an aircraft.

[0895] As an example, the first node is a U2N remote UE.

[0896] As an example, the first node is a mobile phone.

[0897] As an example, the first node is a vehicle-mounted terminal.

[0898] As an example, the first node is a relay.

[0899] As an example, the first node is a ship.

[0900] As an example, the first node is an Internet of Things (IoT) terminal.

[0901] As an example, the first node is an industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) terminal.

[0902] As an example, the first node is a device that supports low-latency, high-reliability transmission.

[0903] As an example, the first node is a secondary link communication node.

[0904] As one embodiment, the first receiver 1101 includes at least one of the following in embodiment 4: antenna 452, receiver 454, receiver processor 456, multi-antenna receiver processor 458, controller / processor 459, memory 460, or data source 467.

[0905] As one embodiment, the first transmitter 1102 includes at least one of the following in embodiment 4: antenna 452, transmitter 454, transmission processor 468, multi-antenna transmission processor 457, controller / processor 459, memory 460, or data source 467.

[0906] Example 12

[0907] Example 12 illustrates a structural block diagram of a processing apparatus for a second node according to an embodiment of this application; as shown in the appendix. Figure 12 As shown. In the appendix Figure 12 In the second node, the processing device 1200 includes a second transmitter 1201 and a second receiver 1202. In embodiment 12,

[0908] The second transmitter 1201 sends a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a switch from the first wireless link to the second wireless link; the first wireless link is a direct path; the first signaling message is used to configure a first timer.

[0909] The receiver of the first signaling, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the radio link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction.

[0910] The second receiver 1202 receives the first message;

[0911] The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is an RRC message using SRB; the first message is an RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; the first message is sent after the first timer expires; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay; the direct path communicates with the network without a relay; when the second radio link is a direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second radio link is an indirect path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

[0912] As an example, the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0913] As one example, the first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

[0914] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred.

[0915] Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or HOF; the first relay is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

[0916] As an example, the second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field. The omission of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

[0917] As an example, the second wireless link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, the nrFailedPCellId field included in the second format of the first message indicates the identity of the first relay, the first relay being the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

[0918] As an example, both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field indicating HOF, and the second format of the first message includes a second field used to indicate that the radio link handover failure is related to a relay; the first format of the first message does not include the second field.

[0919] As an example, the second transmitter 1201 sends a second message, which is used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed.

[0920] In one embodiment, the second node is a satellite.

[0921] As one example, the second node is an IoT node.

[0922] As one example, the second node is a relay.

[0923] As one example, the second node is a U2N relay UE.

[0924] As one example, the second node is an access point.

[0925] In one embodiment, the second node is a base station.

[0926] As one embodiment, the second transmitter 1201 includes at least one of the following in embodiment 4: antenna 420, transmitter 418, transmission processor 416, multi-antenna transmission processor 471, controller / processor 475, and memory 476.

[0927] As one embodiment, the second receiver 1202 includes at least one of the following in embodiment 4: antenna 420, receiver 418, receiver processor 470, multi-antenna receiver processor 472, controller / processor 475, and memory 476.

[0928] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above methods can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, hard disk, or optical disk. Optionally, all or part of the steps in the above embodiments can also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Accordingly, each module unit in the above embodiments can be implemented in hardware or in the form of software functional modules. This application is not limited to any specific combination of software and hardware. The user equipment, terminal, and UE in this application include, but are not limited to, drones, communication modules on drones, remote-controlled aircraft, aircraft, small aircraft, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, wireless sensors, internet cards, IoT terminals, RFID terminals, NB-IoT terminals, MTC (Machine Type Communication) terminals, eMTC (enhanced MTC) terminals, data cards, internet cards, vehicle-mounted communication equipment, low-cost mobile phones, low-cost tablets, satellite communication equipment, ship communication equipment, NTN user equipment, and other wireless communication equipment. The base station or system equipment in this application includes, but is not limited to, macrocell base stations, microcell base stations, home base stations, relay base stations, gNB (NR Node B), TRP (Transmitter Receiver Point), NTN base stations, satellite equipment, flight platform equipment, and other wireless communication equipment.

[0929] This invention may be practiced in other specified forms without departing from its core or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein should in any way be considered descriptive rather than restrictive. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all modifications within their equivalent meaning and scope are considered to be included therein.

Claims

1. A first node used for wireless communication, wherein, include: A first receiver receives a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a wireless link handover from a first wireless link to a second wireless link. The first wireless link is the first direct path; The first signaling is used to configure the first timer; The first receiver, in response to the expiration of the first timer, determines that the wireless link handover has failed and initiates an RRC reconstruction. The first transmitter sends the first message after the first timer expires; The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second wireless link is a second direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is a first RRC message using SRB; the first message is a second RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second wireless link is the indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay. The direct path communicates with the network without going through the relay; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second wireless link is the non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

2. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, Upon receiving or executing the first signaling, the first node starts the first timer.

3. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay.

4. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

5. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: The first receiver, in response to the expiration of the first timer, stores the first failure information in the first variable; The first variable was used to generate the first message; The first failure information is related to the failure of the wireless link handover.

6. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second wireless link is the non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred. Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or the wireless link handover failure; the first relay is the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

7. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field. The omission of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message is used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay.

8. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second radio link is the non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, which indicates the identity of the first relay, which is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

9. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field indicating that the wireless link handover failed, and the second format of the first message includes a second field used to indicate that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay; the first format of the first message does not include the second field.

10. The first node according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first failure information is stored in the rlf-Report field of the first variable, where the first variable is VarRLF-Report.

11. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, T304 did not expire between the expiration of the first timer and the sending of the first message.

12. The first node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first node is in RRC connected state.

13. A second node used for wireless communication, wherein, include: The second transmitter sends a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a wireless link handover from the first wireless link to the second wireless link; The first wireless link is the first direct path; The first signaling is used to configure the first timer; The second receiver receives the first message from the first recipient of the first signaling after the first timer expires; The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second wireless link is a second direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is a first RRC message using SRB; the first message is a second RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second wireless link is the indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay. The second direct path communicates with the network without going through the relay; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second wireless link is the non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

14. The second node according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay.

15. The second node according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

16. The second node according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second wireless link is the non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred. Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or the wireless link handover failure; the first relay is the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

17. The second node according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field, and the exclusion of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay.

18. The second node according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second radio link is the non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, which indicates the identity of the first relay, which is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

19. The second node according to claim 13, characterized in that, Both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field, which indicates that the wireless link handover failed. The second format of the first message includes a second field, which indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay. The first format of the first message does not include the second field.

20. A method used in a first node of wireless communication, wherein, include: Receive a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a wireless link handover from a first wireless link to a second wireless link; The first wireless link is the first direct path; The first signaling is used to configure the first timer; As a response to the expiration of the first timer, it is determined that the wireless link handover has failed, and an RRC reconstruction is initiated; Send the first message after the first timer expires; The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second radio link is a second direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is a first RRC message using SRB; the first message is a second RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; when the second radio link is the second direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second radio link is the indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the radio link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay. The direct path communicates with the network without going through the relay; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second wireless link is the non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

21. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, Upon receiving or executing the first signaling, the first node starts the first timer.

22. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, The second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

23. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

24. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, Also includes: As a response to the expiration of the first timer, the first failure information is stored in the first variable; The first variable was used to generate the first message; The first failure information is related to the failure of the wireless link handover.

25. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, The second wireless link is the non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred. Wherein, the first failure reason is other than RLF or the wireless link handover failure; the first relay is the relay included in the second wireless link indicated by the first signaling.

26. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, The second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field, and the absence of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

27. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, The second radio link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, which indicates the identity of the first relay, which is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

28. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, Both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field, which indicates that the wireless link handover failed. The second format of the first message includes a second field, which indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay. The first format of the first message does not include the second field.

29. The method in the first node according to claim 24, characterized in that, The first failure information is stored in the rlf-Report field of the first variable, where the first variable is VarRLF-Report.

30. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, T304 did not expire between the expiration of the first timer and the sending of the first message.

31. The method in the first node according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first node is in RRC connected state.

32. A method for use in a second node of wireless communication, wherein, include: The second transmitter sends a first signaling message, which is used to indicate a wireless link handover from the first wireless link to the second wireless link; The first wireless link is the first direct path; The first signaling is used to configure the first timer; The second receiver receives the first message from the recipient of the first signaling after the first timer expires; The format of the first message and the first timer are respectively related to whether the second wireless link is a second direct path or an indirect path; the first signaling is a first RRC message using SRB; the first message is a second RRC message using SRB; the first message includes at least a first identity; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first message uses a first format, and when the second wireless link is the indirect path, the first message uses a second format; the first format and the second format are respectively used to indicate that the wireless link handover has failed; the indirect path communicates with the network through a relay. The second direct path communicates with the network without going through the relay; when the second wireless link is the second direct path, the first timer is T304, and when the second wireless link is the non-direct path, the first timer is a timer other than T304.

33. The method in the second node according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay.

34. The method in the second node according to claim 32, characterized in that, The first signaling includes reconfigurationWithSync.

35. The method in the second node according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second wireless link is the non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes first failure information, which includes at least one of the following: first failure reason, identity of the first relay, measurement result for the first relay, status of the first relay, indication of whether a PC5 connection has been established with the first relay, indication of whether an RRC connection has been established with the first relay, running status of the second timer, measurement result of the serving cell of the first relay, reason for the expiration of the first timer, and whether a secondary link communication failure related to the first relay has occurred. The first failure reason is other than RLF or radio link handover failure; the first relay is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

36. The method in the second node according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second format of the first message does not include the nrFailedPCellId field, and the absence of the nrFailedPCellId field in the second format of the first message indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to a relay.

37. The method in the second node according to claim 32, characterized in that, The second radio link is a non-direct path; the second format of the first message includes an nrFailedPCellId field, which indicates the identity of the first relay, which is the relay included in the second radio link indicated by the first signaling.

38. The method in the second node according to claim 32, characterized in that, Both the first format and the second format of the first message include a first field, which indicates that the wireless link handover failed. The second format of the first message includes a second field, which indicates that the wireless link handover failure is related to the relay. The first format of the first message does not include the second field.

Images