Techniques for modifying values sent in measurement reports for beam management

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) can perform a cell search using a first set of beams. The UE can determine a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search. The UE can modify the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a beam selected from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE. The UE can transmit a measurement report including the modified channel condition value. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This Patent Application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 056,968, filed July 27, 2020, entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR MODIFYING VALUES TRANSMITTED IN A MEASUREMENT REPORT FOR BEAM MANAGEMENT,” and U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 17 / 443,207, filed July 22, 2021, entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR MODIFYING VALUES TRANSMITTED IN A MEASUREMENT REPORT FOR BEAM MANAGEMENT,” which are expressly incorporated by reference herein. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication, and more specifically to techniques and apparatuses for modifying values transmitted in a measurement report for beam management. BACKGROUND

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems can employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, and / or the like). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network can include a number of base stations (BSs) that can support communication for a number of user equipment (UEs). A user equipment (UE) can communicate with a base station (BS) via the downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BSs to the UEs, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UEs to the BSs. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS can be referred to as a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP), a radio head, a transmit receive point (TRP), a New Radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, and / or the like.

[0006] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. New Radio (NR), which can also be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink (DL), using CP- OFDM and / or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.

[0007] In a wireless network, a base station can configure a UE to measure and report channel condition values for beams, such that the base station and / or the UE can perform one or more beam management procedures. For example, a UE can measure beams of a serving cell and can report measurement results to a base station according to a measurement configuration. Similarly, a UE can measure beams of one or more neighboring cells and can report measurement results to a base station according to a measurement configuration. The base station can receive the reported measurement results from the UE and can perform one or more beam management procedures based at least in part on the reported measurement results. For example, the base station can select a cell to be added as a secondary cell group (SCG) (e.g., in a dual connectivity mode), can determine a best beam (or beam pair) (e.g., a best base station transmit beam and / or a best UE receive beam) for communication between the base station and the UE, and / or can select a target cell for a handover procedure.

[0008] Certain measurement configurations can result in poor beam management, such as suboptimal beam selection. For example, a UE connected to a first cell (e.g., a first base station and / or a first radio access technology (RAT)) can be configured with a measurement configuration for a cell selection procedure (e.g., an inter-RAT cell selection procedure). The cell selection procedure can configure a measurement event (e.g., a Bl measurement event) for reporting measurement values of a second cell (e.g., a second base station, a first RAT, and / or a second RAT) to a base station associated with the first cell. The UE can use a wide beam (e.g., a beam that has not been refined, a beam that is not associated with beamforming gain, a pseudo-omni beam, and / or a beam formed using a single antenna element) to detect and measure beams of the second cell. The UE can determine (e.g., using the wide beam) a channel condition value of a beam of the second cell to determine whether the channel condition value of the beam of the second cell satisfies or triggers the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell to the base station associated with the first cell. However, performing measurements using the wide beam can not provide sufficient beamforming gain for the channel condition value of the beam of the second cell to satisfy or trigger the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell to the base station associated with the first cell, and / or the reported channel condition value can not be sufficient to trigger addition of the second cell as part of an SCG.

[0009] For example, when measuring beams of the second cell to satisfy or trigger the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell, a UE with poor antenna coverage, a UE that is a customer premises equipment (CPE), and / or a UE that is a lower tier UE can not achieve sufficient beamforming gain using the wide beam. For example, near a cell edge of the second cell, the UE can determine a poor (or lower) channel condition value of a beam of the second cell using the wide beam compared to a case where the UE measures the beam of the second cell using a narrow beam. Thus, the UE can not report the channel condition value of the beam of the second cell to the base station associated with the first cell. In this case, the base station can not add the second cell as part of an SCG even if measurements of the beam of the second cell by the UE using a more refined or narrower beam would have resulted in a channel condition value that has satisfied or triggered the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell to the base station. Thus, if the second cell is added as part of the SCG, the measurement configuration can result in lower throughput than would be achievable in other cases. SUMMARY

[0010] Some techniques and apparatuses described herein can enable improved beam management, reduced battery consumption, improved network performance, and / or higher throughput. For example, a UE can modify a channel condition value measured for a first set of beams (e.g., wider beams) to account for beamforming gain of a second set of beams (e.g., narrower beams) without actually measuring the channel condition value for the second set of beams. In this way, the UE can conserve battery power and other UE resources (e.g., processing power and / or memory) by avoiding performing measurements using the second set of beams (e.g., which can have a larger search space than the first set of beams due to including more beams than the first set of beams), while at the same time improving network performance (e.g., via higher throughput, higher reliability, and / or lower latency) by adding a cell to an SCG if the modified channel condition value satisfies a threshold, even if a corresponding (unmodified) channel condition value measured using the first set of beams does not satisfy the threshold.

[0011] Further, a base station can configure or otherwise associate a time constraint for a UE to report a beam measurement (e.g., after transmission of a reference signal associated with the beam measurement). If the UE measures a beam parameter using a second set of beams that can include a larger number of beams than the first set of beams, the UE can not be able to satisfy the time constraint. Some techniques and apparatuses described herein enable the UE to satisfy such a time constraint by avoiding performing measurements using the second set of beams, while at the same time improving network performance by enabling addition of a cell to an SCG as described above.

[0012] According to the present disclosure, a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) includes performing a cell search using a first set of beams, determining a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search, modifying the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a beam selected from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE, and transmitting a measurement report including the modified channel condition value. This enables the UE to transmit the measurement report by accounting for beamforming gain that can result in better channel conditions than indicated by actual measurements, despite the actual measurements not satisfying a measurement report threshold. The UE can estimate the beamforming gain to conserve computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0013] In some aspects, the second set of beams is not used to perform the cell search. This can conserve computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0014] In some aspects, the cell search is performed in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity. This can improve network performance and increase throughput of the UE.

[0015] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least two of the first set of beams, the selected beam, or the second set of beams. This enables the UE to transmit the measurement report by taking into account beamforming gains that can result in better channel conditions than indicated by the actual measurements, despite the actual measurements not satisfying the measurement report threshold.

[0016] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on the first set of beams, the selected beam, and the second set of beams. This enables the UE to transmit the measurement report by taking into account beamforming gains that can result in better channel conditions than indicated by the actual measurements, despite the actual measurements not satisfying the measurement report threshold.

[0017] In some aspects, the selected beam is the strongest beam measured in the first set of beams based at least in part on performing the cell search. This can improve throughput and reliability via selection of strong beams.

[0018] In some aspects, the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the selected beam. This can improve throughput and reliability via selection of strong beams.

[0019] In some aspects, the channel condition value is also modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the second set of beams. The UE can estimate these one or more gain parameters to save computational resources and reduce latency compared to performing the actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0020] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the second set of beams in a respective direction. This enables the UE to transmit the measurement report by taking into account maximum beamforming gains that can result in better channel conditions than indicated by the actual measurements, despite the actual measurements not satisfying the measurement report threshold. The UE can estimate this maximum beamforming gain to save computational resources and reduce latency compared to performing the actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0021] In some aspects, the channel condition value is also modified based at least in part on a third set of beams that has a spatial relationship with the selected beam. The third set of beams can be used to determine a gain matrix that facilitates accurate estimation of beamforming gains. The UE can estimate this beamforming gain to save computational resources and reduce latency compared to performing the actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0022] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the third set of beams. The UE can estimate these one or more gain parameters to save computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0023] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the third set of beams in a respective direction. This enables the UE to transmit a measurement report by taking into account the maximum beamforming gain that can result in better channel conditions than indicated by the actual measurements, despite the actual measurements not satisfying the measurement report threshold. The UE can estimate this maximum beamforming gain to save computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0024] In some aspects, modifying the channel condition value further comprises: identifying a first gain matrix for the third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; identifying a second gain matrix for the second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; computing a potential gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; computing a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix; and combining the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form the modified channel condition value. This facilitates accurate estimation of beamforming gain. The UE can estimate this beamforming gain to save computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0025] In some aspects, the first set of beams uses a single antenna element and the second set of beams uses multiple antenna elements. The UE can estimate this beamforming gain to save computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing actual measurements using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams), such as by using actual measurements of only wider beams (e.g., the first set of beams).

[0026] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least one of: a thermal mitigation factor, a geographic location of the UE, an estimated angle of a signal received by the UE or transmitted by the UE, a throughput requirement associated with the UE, a remaining battery power of the UE, or a battery charging status of the UE. This facilitates accurate estimation of beamforming gain.

[0027] According to the present disclosure, a UE for wireless communication is also provided that includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to: perform a cell search using a first set of beams; determine a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search; modify the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a selected beam from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE; and transmit a measurement report including the modified channel condition value. Example advantages associated with this aspect and other aspects described below are described above and elsewhere herein.

[0028] In some aspects, the second set of beams is not used to perform the cell search.

[0029] In some aspects, the cell search is performed in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity.

[0030] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least two of the first set of beams, the selected beam, or the second set of beams.

[0031] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on the first set of beams, the selected beam, and the second set of beams.

[0032] In some aspects, the selected beam is a strongest beam measured in the first set of beams based at least in part on performing the cell search.

[0033] In some aspects, the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0034] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the second set of beams.

[0035] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the second set of beams in a respective direction.

[0036] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on a third set of beams having a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0037] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the third set of beams.

[0038] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the third set of beams in a respective direction.

[0039] In some aspects, when modifying the channel condition value, the one or more processors are configured to: identify a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; identify a second gain matrix for a second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; calculate a potential gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; calculate a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix; and combine the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form the modified channel condition value.

[0040] In some aspects, the first set of beams uses a single antenna element and the second set of beams uses multiple antenna elements.

[0041] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least one of: a thermal mitigation factor, a geographic location of the UE, an estimated angle of a signal received by the UE or transmitted by the UE, a throughput requirement associated with the UE, a remaining battery power of the UE, or a battery charging status of the UE.

[0042] According to the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication is also provided, the set of instructions comprising: one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to: perform a cell search using a first set of beams; determine a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search; modify the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a selected beam from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE; and transmit a measurement report including the modified channel condition value.

[0043] In some aspects, the second set of beams is not used to perform the cell search.

[0044] In some aspects, the cell search is performed in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity.

[0045] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least two of the first set of beams, the selected beam, or the second set of beams.

[0046] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on the first set of beams, the selected beam, and the second set of beams.

[0047] In some aspects, the selected beam is a strongest beam measured in the first set of beams based at least in part on performing the cell search.

[0048] In some aspects, the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0049] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the second set of beams.

[0050] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the second set of beams in a respective direction.

[0051] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on a third set of beams having a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0052] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the third set of beams.

[0053] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the third set of beams in a respective direction.

[0054] In some aspects, the one or more instructions that cause the UE to modify the channel condition value cause the UE to: identify a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; identify a second gain matrix for a second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; compute a potential gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; compute a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix; and combine the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form a modified channel condition value.

[0055] In some aspects, the first set of beams uses a single antenna element and the second set of beams uses a plurality of antenna elements.

[0056] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least one of: a thermal mitigation factor, a geographic location of the UE, an estimated angle of a signal received by the UE or transmitted by the UE, a throughput requirement associated with the UE, a remaining battery power of the UE, or a battery charging status of the UE.

[0057] According to the present disclosure, an apparatus for wireless communication is also provided that includes means for performing a cell search using a first set of beams; means for determining a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search; means for modifying the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a selected beam from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the apparatus; and means for transmitting a measurement report including the modified channel condition value.

[0058] In some aspects, the second set of beams is not used to perform the cell search.

[0059] In some aspects, the cell search is performed in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity.

[0060] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least two of the first set of beams, the selected beam, or the second set of beams.

[0061] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on the first set of beams, the selected beam, and the second set of beams.

[0062] In some aspects, the selected beam is a strongest beam measured in the first set of beams based at least in part on performing the cell search.

[0063] In some aspects, the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0064] In some aspects, the channel condition value is also modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the second set of beams.

[0065] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the second set of beams in a respective direction.

[0066] In some aspects, the channel condition value is also modified based at least in part on a third set of beams having a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0067] In some aspects, the channel condition value is also modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the third set of beams.

[0068] In some aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the third set of beams in a respective direction.

[0069] In some aspects, the means for modifying the channel condition value further includes means for identifying a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; means for identifying a second gain matrix for a second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; means for calculating a latent gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; means for calculating a nominal gain based at least in part on the latent gain matrix; and means for combining the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form the modified channel condition value.

[0070] In some aspects, the first set of beams uses a single antenna element and the second set of beams uses a plurality of antenna elements.

[0071] In some aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least one of: a thermal mitigation factor, a geographic location of the apparatus, an estimated angle of a signal received by the apparatus or transmitted by the apparatus, a throughput requirement associated with the apparatus, a remaining battery power of the apparatus, or a battery charge state of the apparatus.

[0072] Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, wireless communication device, and processing system as substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings and specification.

[0073] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows can be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed conception and specific examples can be readily utilized as bases for the designing of other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the two described below. Such equivalent constructions are not to be excluded from the scope of the appended claims. The features and advantages described herein can be better understood with reference to the following description together with the accompanying drawings. Each of the drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0074] In order that the aforementioned features and advantages of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description will be rendered by reference to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. It is appreciated that the drawings are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure, as described herein, and are merely provided as illustrative structures that can be used to describe and explain the principles of the present disclosure. Like reference numbers in different drawings can identify the same or similar elements.

[0075] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0077] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example beamforming architecture that supports beamforming for millimeter wave (mmW) communications, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0078] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of dual connectivity, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0079] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a synchronization signal (SS) hierarchy, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0080] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) beam management procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0081] Figure 6 FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) beam management procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0082] Figure 7 FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a coordinate system for indicating a spatial direction related to a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0083] Figures 8 to 10 FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with modifying values transmitted in a measurement report for beam management, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0084] Figure 11 FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process associated with modifying values transmitted in a measurement report for beam management, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0085] Figure 12 FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0086] Figure 13 FIG. 12 is a block diagram of another example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] Various aspects of the disclosure are more fully described below with reference to the figures. The disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus can be implemented or a method can be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus or method

[0088] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, and / or the like (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0089] It should be noted that while aspects can be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT), aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and / or a post-5G RAT (e.g., 6G).

[0090] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 can be or can include elements of a 5G (NR) network, an LTE network, and / or the like. The wireless network 100 includes a number of base stations 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 1 lOd) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with user equipment (UE) and can also be referred to as an NR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5G node B (NB), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), and / or the like. Each BS can provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a BS and / or a BS subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0091] A BS can provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or other types of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow restricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and can allow restricted access by UEs with service subscription, such as UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG). A BS for a macro cell can be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell can be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell can be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In Figure 1 In the example shown, BS 110a can be a macro BS for a macro cell 102a, BS 110b can be a pico BS for a pico cell 102b, and BS 110c can be a femto BS for a femto cell 102c. A BS can support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB,” “base station,” “NR BS,” “gNB,” “TRP,” “AP,” “node B,” “5G NB,” and “cell” can be used interchangeably herein.

[0092] In some aspects, a cell can not necessarily be fixed and the geographic area of a cell can move according to the location of a mobile BS. In some aspects, BSs can be interconnected to one another and / or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces such as a direct physical connection, a virtual network, or the like using any suitable transport network.

[0093] Wireless network 100 can also include relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station can also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In Figure 1 In the example shown, a relay BS 1 lOd communicates with macro BS 110a and a UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120d. A relay BS can also be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay, or the like.

[0094] Wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs of different types, e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, etc. These different types of BSs can have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs can have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 Watts) whereas pico BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs can have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 Watts).

[0095] A network controller 130 can couple to a set of BSs and can provide coordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 can be in communication with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs can also communicate with one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul.

[0096] UEs 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) can be dispersed throughout wireless network 100, and each UE can be stationary or mobile. A UE can also be referred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station, etc. A UE can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or appliance, a biometric sensor / device, a wearable device such as a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wrist band, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0097] Some UEs can be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, e.g., robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., that can communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node can provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs can be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and / or can be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs can be considered Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 can be included in a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as processor components, memory components, and / or the like. In some aspects, a processor component and a memory component can be coupled together in a housing. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., a memory) can be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, electrically coupled, and / or the like.

[0098] In general, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network can support a particular RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT can also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, and / or the like. Frequencies can also be referred to as carriers, frequency channels, and / or the like. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0099] In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another). For example, UE 120 can perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110. Some UEs 120 can be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) or NB-IoT devices. As such, in some aspects a set of one or more IoT or NB-IoT devices can share resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, or radio frequency spectrum resources) with each other and / or with other UEs 120.

[0100] Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an operating band with a first frequency range (FR1), ranging from 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz, and / or may communicate using an operating band with a second frequency range (FR2), ranging from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as intermediate frequency (IF) bands. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, although distinct from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) recognized as a “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), FR2 is often referred to as a “millimeter wave” band. Therefore, when used herein, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the terms “sub-6 GHz”, etc., should be understood to broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and / or intermediate frequency (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, as used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated, the terms “millimeter wave” and the like can broadly refer to frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, and / or intermediate frequency band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is anticipated that frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0101] As pointed out above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples may be related to... Figure 1 The descriptions are different.

[0102] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a base station 110 communicating with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to various aspects of this disclosure. The base station 110 is equipped with T antennas 234a to 234t, and the UE 120 is equipped with R antennas 252a to 252r, wherein typically T ≥ 1 and R ≥ 1.

[0103] At base station 110, a transmit processor 220 can receive data from a data source 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor 220 can also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI), etc.) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper layer signaling, etc.) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), etc.) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) and secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and can provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t. Each modulator 232 can process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. T downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t can be transmitted via T antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.

[0104] At the UE 120, the antennas 252a-252r can receive the downlink signals from the base station 110 and / or other base stations and can provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) 254a-254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 can further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 can obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254a-254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term “controller / processor” can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or combinations thereof. A channel processor can determine reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), CQI, etc. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 can be included in a housing 284.

[0105] The network controller 130 includes a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 can include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 communicates with the base station 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0106] Antennas (e.g., antennas 234a-234t and / or antennas 252a-252r) can include or can be included in one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays, etc. An antenna panel, antenna group, antenna element set, and / or antenna array can include one or more antenna elements. An antenna panel, antenna group, antenna element set, and / or antenna array can include a set of co-planar antenna elements and / or a set of non-co-planar antenna elements. An antenna panel, antenna group, antenna element set, and / or antenna array can include antenna elements within a single housing and / or antenna elements within multiple housings. An antenna panel, antenna group, antenna element set, and / or antenna array can include one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmit and / or receive components, such as one or more components of Figure 2

[0107] ​On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.). The transmit processor 264 can also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. If applicable, the symbols from the transmit processor 264 can be pre-encoded by the TXMIMO processor 266, further processed by modulators 254a to 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to base station 110. In some aspects, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver can include any combination of antenna 252, modulator and / or demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver can be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0108] At base station 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs can be received by antenna 234, processed by demodulator 232, detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data transmitted by UE 120 and control information. Receive processor 238 can provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Base station 110 includes communication unit 244 and communicates with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Base station 110 includes scheduler 246 to schedule UE 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some aspects, base station 110 includes transceivers. Transceivers can include any combination of antenna 234, modulator and / or demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0109] The controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and / or Figure 2 Any other component may perform one or more techniques associated with modifying values ​​transmitted in measurement reports used for beam management, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component can execute or direct, for example Figure 11memory 282 can store data and program codes for the base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, memory 242 and / or memory 282 can include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, translating, or interpreting, by one or more processors of the base station 110 and / or the UE 120), can cause one or more processors, the UE 120, and / or the base station 110 to perform or direct, for example, operations for process 1100 and / or other processes as described herein. In some aspects, executing the instructions can include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, interpreting the instructions, and / or the like. Figure 11 In some aspects, executing the instructions can include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, interpreting the instructions, and / or the like.

[0110] In some aspects, the UE 120 can include means for performing a cell search using a first set of beams; means for determining a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search; means for modifying the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a beam selected from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the apparatus; and means for transmitting a measurement report including the modified channel condition value; and / or the like. In some aspects, the UE 120 can include means for identifying a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; means for identifying a second gain matrix for a second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; means for calculating a potential gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; means for calculating a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix; and means for combining the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form the modified channel condition value; and / or the like. In some aspects, such means can include one or more components of UE 120 described in connection with FIG. 2, such as controller / processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, and / or the like. Figure 2 In some aspects, the UE 120 can include means for identifying a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; means for identifying a second gain matrix for a second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; means for calculating a potential gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; means for calculating a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix; and means for combining the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form the modified channel condition value; and / or the like. In some aspects, such means can include one or more components of UE 120 described in connection with FIG. 2, such as controller / processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, and / or the like.

[0111] As indicated above, the examples are provided as illustrative examples. Other examples can differ from what is described in connection with the examples described in connection with Figure 2 the examples described in connection with Figure 2 the examples described in connection with

[0112] Figure 3is a diagram illustrating an exemplary beamforming architecture 300 that supports beamforming for millimeter wave (mmW) communications, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some aspects, the architecture 300 can implement aspects of the wireless network 100. In some aspects, the architecture 300 can be implemented in a transmitting device (e.g., a first wireless communication device, UE, or base station) and / or a receiving device (e.g., a second wireless communication device, UE, or base station), as described herein.

[0113] Broadly, Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating exemplary hardware components of a wireless communication device, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The illustrated components can include components that can be used for antenna element selection and / or for beamforming for wireless signal transmission. There are a variety of architectures for antenna element selection and implementing phase shifts, only one example of which is illustrated here. The architecture 300 includes a modem (modulator / demodulator) 302, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 304, a first mixer 306, a second mixer 308, and a splitter 310. The architecture 300 also includes a plurality of first amplifiers 312, a plurality of phase shifters 314, a plurality of second amplifiers 316, and an antenna array 318 including a plurality of antenna elements 320.

[0114] Transmission lines or other waveguides, wires, traces, etc. are shown connecting the various components to illustrate how signals to be transmitted propagate between the components. Reference numbers 322, 324, 326, and 328 indicate regions in which different types of signals propagate or are processed in the architecture 300. Specifically, reference number 322 indicates a region in which digital baseband signals propagate or are processed, reference number 324 indicates a region in which analog baseband signals propagate or are processed, reference number 326 indicates a region in which analog intermediate frequency (IF) signals propagate or are processed, and reference number 328 indicates a region in which analog radio frequency (RF) signals propagate or are processed. The architecture also includes a local oscillator A 330, a local oscillator B 332, and a controller / processor 334. In some aspects, the controller / processor 334 corresponds to the controller / processor 240 of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 2 and / or the controller / processor 280 of the base station 110 described above in connection with Fig. 1. Figure 2 The controller / processor 334, in some aspects, can be configured to perform or direct the execution of processes for the techniques described herein, such as the processes described herein in connection with Figs. 4-7. In some aspects, the controller / processor 334 can be configured to implement Figure 2 The controller / processor 334, in some aspects, can be configured to perform or direct the execution of processes for the techniques described herein, such as the processes described herein in connection with Figs. 4-7. In some aspects, the controller / processor 334 can be configured to implement

[0115] Each antenna element 320 can include one or more sub-elements for transmitting or receiving RF signals. For example, a single antenna element 320 can include a first sub-element that is orthogonally polarized from a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements 320 can include patch antennas, dipole antennas, or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or other pattern. The spacing between the antenna elements 320 can be such that signals having a desired wavelength transmitted individually by the antenna elements 320 can interact or interfere (e.g., to form a desired beam). For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing can provide a quarter wavelength, a half wavelength, or other fraction of a wavelength of the spacing between adjacent antenna elements 320 to allow for interaction or interference of signals transmitted by separate antenna elements 320 within the expected range.

[0116] The modem 302 processes and generates digital baseband signals, and can also control the operation of the DAC 304, the first and second mixers 306, 308, the splitter 310, the first amplifier 312, the phase shifter 314, and / or the second amplifier 316 to transmit signals via one or more of the total antenna elements 320. The modem 302 can process signals and control operations in accordance with a communication standard, such as a wireless standard discussed herein. The DAC 304 can convert digital baseband signals received from the modem 302 (and that are to be transmitted) into analog baseband signals. The first mixer 306 upconverts the analog baseband signals to analog IF signals within an IF using a local oscillator A 330. For example, the first mixer 306 can mix the signals with an oscillating signal generated by the local oscillator A 330 to “move” the baseband analog signals to the IF. In some cases, some processing or filtering (not shown) can occur on the IF. The second mixer 308 upconverts the analog IF signals to analog RF signals using a local oscillator B 332. Similar to the first mixer, the second mixer 308 can mix the signals with an oscillating signal generated by the local oscillator B 332 to “move” the IF analog signals to the RF or the frequency at which signals are to be transmitted or received. The modem 302 and / or the controller / processor 334 can adjust the frequency of the local oscillator A 330 and / or the local oscillator B 332 in order to produce and use a desired IF and / or RF frequency to facilitate processing and transmission of signals within a desired bandwidth.

[0117] In the illustrated architecture 300, the signal upconverted by the second mixer 308 is split or replicated by a splitter 310 into multiple signals. The splitter 310 in the architecture 300 splits the RF signal into multiple identical or nearly identical RF signals. In other examples, splitting can occur in any type of signal, including using baseband digital, baseband analog, or IF analog signals. Each of these signals can correspond to an antenna element 320, and the signals travel through and are processed by amplifiers 312, 316, phase shifters 314, and / or other elements corresponding to the respective antenna elements 320 to be provided to and transmitted by the respective antenna elements 320 of the antenna array 318. In one example, the splitter 310 can be an active splitter connected to a power source and providing a gain such that the RF signal leaving the splitter 310 is at a power level equal to or greater than the signal entering the splitter 310. In another example, the splitter 310 is a passive splitter that is not connected to a power source, and the RF signal leaving the splitter 310 can be at a lower power level than the RF signal entering the splitter 310.

[0118] After being split by the splitter 310, the resulting RF signals can enter an amplifier, such as the first amplifier 312, or a phase shifter 314 corresponding to an antenna element 320. The first amplifier 312 and the second amplifier 316 are shown with dashed lines because in some aspects one or both of them can not be necessary. In some aspects, both the first amplifier 312 and the second amplifier 316 are present. In some aspects, neither the first amplifier 312 nor the second amplifier 316 is present. In some aspects, one of the two amplifiers 312, 316 is present but not the other. For example, if the splitter 310 is an active splitter, the first amplifier 312 can not be used. As a further example, if the phase shifter 314 is an active phase shifter that can provide gain, the second amplifier 316 can not be used.

[0119] The amplifiers 312, 316 can provide a desired level of positive or negative gain. Positive gain (positive dB) can be used to increase the amplitude of the signal transmitted by a particular antenna element 320. Negative gain (negative dB) can be used to decrease the amplitude and / or suppress the transmission of the signal by a particular antenna element. Each amplifier 312, 316 can be independently controlled (e.g., by the modem 302 or the controller / processor 334) to provide independent control of the gain for each antenna element 320. For example, the modem 302 and / or the controller / processor 334 can have at least one control line connected to each of the splitter 310, the first amplifier 312, the phase shifter 314, and / or the second amplifier 316, which can be used to configure the gain to provide each component, and thus each antenna element 320, with a desired amount of gain.

[0120] The phase shifters 314 can provide a configurable phase shift or phase offset to the corresponding RF signals to be transmitted. The phase shifters 314 can be passive phase shifters that are not directly connected to a power source. Passive phase shifters can introduce some insertion loss. The second amplifiers 316 can boost the signals to compensate for the insertion loss. The phase shifters 314 can be active phase shifters that are connected to a power source such that the active phase shifters provide an amount of gain or prevent insertion loss. The setting of each phase shifter 314 is independent, which means that each phase shifter can be independently set to provide a desired amount of phase shift or the same amount of phase shift or some other configuration. The modem 302 and / or the controller / processor 334 can have at least one control line connected to each phase shifter 314 and the control line can be used to configure the phase shifters 314 to provide a desired amount of phase shift or phase offset between the antenna elements 320.

[0121] In the illustrated architecture 300, the RF signals received by the antenna elements 320 are provided to one or more first amplifiers 356 to boost the signal strength. The first amplifiers 356 can be connected to the same antenna array 318 (e.g., for time division duplex (TDD) operations). The first amplifiers 356 can be connected to different antenna arrays 318. The boosted RF signals are input to one or more of the phase shifters 354 to provide a configurable phase shift or phase offset for the corresponding received RF signals to enable reception via one or more Rx beams. The phase shifters 354 can be active phase shifters or passive phase shifters. The setting of the phase shifters 354 is independent, which means that each phase shifter can be independently set to provide a desired amount of phase shift or the same amount of phase shift or some other configuration. The modem 302 and / or the controller / processor 334 can have at least one control line connected to each phase shifter 354 and the control line can be used to configure the phase shifters 354 to provide a desired amount of phase shift or phase offset between the antenna elements 320 to enable reception via one or more Rx beams.

[0122] The outputs of the phase shifters 354 can be input to one or more second amplifiers 352 for signal amplification of the phase-shifted received RF signals. The second amplifiers 352 can be individually configured to provide a configured amount of gain. The second amplifiers 352 can be individually configured to provide an amount of gain to ensure that the signals input to the combiner 350 have the same amplitude. The amplifiers 352 and / or 356 are shown in dashed lines because they can not be necessary in certain aspects. In some aspects, both amplifiers 352 and 356 are present. In another aspect, neither amplifier 352 nor 356 is present. In other aspects, one of the amplifiers 352, 356 is present but not the other.

[0123] In the illustrated architecture 300, the signals output by the phase shifters 354 (when present via the amplifiers 352) are combined in a combiner 350. The combiner 350 in the architecture 300 combines the RF signals into one signal. The combiner 350 can be a passive combiner (e.g., not connected to a power source), which can result in some insertion loss. The combiner 350 can be an active combiner (e.g., connected to a power source), which can produce some signal gain. When the combiner 350 is an active combiner, it can provide different (e.g., configurable) amounts of gain for each input signal so that the input signals have the same amplitude when combined. When the combiner 350 is an active combiner, the combiner 350 can not need the second amplifiers 352 because the active combiner can provide signal amplification.

[0124] The output of the combiner 350 is input to mixers 348 and 346. The mixers 348 and 346 typically down-convert the received RF signals using inputs from local oscillators 372 and 370, respectively, to produce intermediate or baseband signals that carry the encoded and modulated information. The outputs of the mixers 348 and 346 are input to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 344 for conversion to analog signals. The analog signals output from the ADC 344 are input to the modem 302 for baseband processing, such as decoding, de-interleaving, etc.

[0125] The architecture 300 is given by way of example only to illustrate an architecture for transmitting and / or receiving signals. In some cases, the architecture 300 and / or each portion of the architecture 300 can be repeated multiple times within an architecture to accommodate or provide any number of RF chains, antenna elements, and / or antenna panels. Moreover, many alternative architectures are possible and can be considered. For example, while only a single antenna array 318 is illustrated, two, three, or more antenna arrays can be included, each with one or more of their own corresponding amplifiers, phase shifters, splitters, mixers, DACs, ADCs, and / or modems. For example, a single UE can include two, four, or more antenna arrays for transmitting or receiving signals in different physical locations on the UE or in different directions.

[0126] Further, mixers, splitters, amplifiers, phase shifters, and other components can be located in different signal type regions (e.g., represented by different reference numbers 322, 324, 326, 328) in different implementation architectures. For example, splitting of a signal to be transmitted into multiple signals can occur at an analog RF, an analog IF, an analog baseband, or a digital baseband frequency in different examples. Similarly, amplification and / or phase shifting can also occur at different frequencies. For example, in some aspects, one or more of the splitter 310, the amplifiers 312, 316, or the phase shifter 314 can be located between the DAC 304 and the first mixer 306 or between the first mixer 306 and the second mixer 308. In one example, the functionality of one or more components can be combined within one component. For example, the phase shifter 314 can perform amplification to include or replace the first amplifier 312 and / or the second amplifier 316. As another example, the phase shift can be implemented by the second mixer 308 to eliminate the need for a separate phase shifter 314. This technique is sometimes referred to as local oscillator (LO) phase shifting. In some aspects of this configuration, there can be multiple IF-to-RF mixers within the second mixer 308 (e.g., one for each antenna element chain), and the local oscillator B 332 can provide different local oscillator signals (with different phase offsets) to each of the IF-to-RF mixers.

[0127] The modem 302 and / or the controller / processor 334 can control one or more of the other components 304-372 to select one or more antenna elements 320 and / or to form a beam for transmitting one or more signals. For example, an antenna element 320 can be individually selected or deselected for transmitting a signal (or multiple signals) by controlling the amplitude of one or more corresponding amplifiers, such as the first amplifier 312 and / or the second amplifier 316. Beamforming includes using multiple signals on different antenna elements to generate a beam, where one or more or all of the multiple signals are offset in phase relative to each other. The formed beam can carry a reference signal or information at a physical layer or higher. When each of the multiple signals is transmitted from a corresponding antenna element 320, the transmitted signals interact, interfere (constructive and destructive), and amplify each other to form a resulting beam. The shape (such as the amplitude, width, and / or presence of side lobes) and direction (such as the angle of the beam relative to the surface of the antenna array 318) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shift or phase offset imparted by the phase shifter 314 and the amplitude imparted by the amplifiers 312, 316 relative to each other of the multiple signals. The controller / processor 334 can be located partially or fully within one or more other components of the architecture 300. For example, in some aspects, the controller / processor 334 can be located within the modem 302.

[0128] As noted above,Figure 3 are provided as examples. Other examples can differ from what is described with respect to at least one of the described examples. Figure 3

[0129] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of dual connectivity in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The examples shown in FIG. 4 are for an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA)-NR dual connectivity (ENDC) mode. In the ENDC mode, the UE 120 communicates using LTE RAT on a master cell group (MCG) and the UE 120 communicates using NR RAT on a secondary cell group (SCG). However, aspects described herein can apply to ENDC mode (e.g., where the MCG is associated with LTE RAT and the SCG is associated with NR RAT), NR-E-UTRA dual connectivity (NEDC) mode (e.g., where the MCG is associated with NR RAT and the SCG is associated with LTE RAT), NR dual connectivity (NRDC) mode (e.g., where the MCG is associated with NR RAT and the SCG is also associated with NR RAT), or another dual connectivity mode (e.g., where the MCG is associated with a first RAT and the SCG is associated with one of the first RAT or a second RAT). The ENDC mode is sometimes referred to as NR or 5G non-standalone (NSA) mode. Thus, as used herein, a dual connectivity mode can refer to ENDC mode, NEDC mode, NRDC mode, and / or another type of dual connectivity mode.

[0130] As shown in Figure 4 , the UE 120 can communicate with an eNB (e.g., a 4G base station 110) and a gNB (e.g., a 5G base station 110), and the eNB and gNB can communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with a 4G / LTE core network, which is shown as an evolved packet core (EPC) including a mobility management entity (MME), a packet data network gateway (PGW), a serving gateway (SGW), and the like. In Figure 4 , the PGW and SGW are collectively referred to as a P / SGW. In some aspects, the eNB and gNB can be co-located in the same base station 110. In some aspects, the eNB and gNB can be included in different base stations 110 (e.g., can not be located in the same location).

[0131] As shown in Figure 4 ​Further shown in the middle, in some aspects, a wireless network that allows for operation in a 5G NSA mode can allow for such operation using a MCG for a first RAT (e.g., an LTE RAT, a 4G RAT, etc.) and a SCG for a second RAT (e.g., an NR RAT, a 5G RAT, etc.). In this case, the UE 120 can communicate with the eNB via the MCG and can communicate with the gNB via the SCG. In some aspects, the MCG can anchor network connectivity between the UE 120 and a 4G / LTE core network (e.g., for mobility, coverage, control plane information, etc.) and the SCG can be added as an additional carrier to increase throughput (e.g., for data traffic, user plane information, etc.). In some aspects, the gNB and the eNB can not communicate user plane information between each other. In some aspects, a UE 120 operating in a dual connectivity mode can be simultaneously connected with an LTE base station 110 (e.g., an eNB) and an NR base station 110 (e.g., a gNB) (e.g., in the case of ENDC or NEDC), or can be simultaneously connected with one or more base stations 110 using the same RAT (e.g., in the case of NRDC). In some aspects, the MCG can be associated with a first frequency band (e.g., a sub-6 GHz frequency band and / or a FR1 band) and the SCG can be associated with a second frequency band (e.g., a millimeter wave frequency band and / or a FR2 band).

[0132] UE 120 may communicate via MCG and SCG using one or more radio bearers (e.g., data radio bearers (DRBs), signaling radio bearers (SRBs), etc.). For example, UE 120 may use one or more DRBs to send or receive data via MCG and / or SCG. Similarly, UE 120 may use one or more SRBs to send or receive control information (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) information, measurement reports, etc.). In some aspects, radio bearers may be dedicated to a specific cell group (e.g., radio bearers may be MCG bearers, SCG bearers, etc.). In some aspects, radio bearers may be split radio bearers. Split radio bearers may be split in the uplink and / or downlink. For example, a DRB may be split on the downlink (e.g., UE 120 may receive downlink information of MCG or SCG in a DRB), but not on the uplink (e.g., the uplink may not be split from the main path to MCG or SCG, so that UE 120 only sends in the uplink on the main path). In some respects, a DRB can be split on an uplink with a primary path to the MCG or SCG. A DRB split in the uplink can use the primary path to send data until the size of the uplink transmit buffer meets the uplink data splitting threshold. If the uplink transmit buffer meets the uplink data splitting threshold, the UE 120 can use the DRB to send data to the MCG or SCG.

[0133] As pointed out above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples may be related to... Figure 4 The descriptions are different.

[0134] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating example 500 of a synchronization signal (SS) hierarchy according to various aspects of this disclosure. Figure 5 As shown, the SS hierarchy includes an SS burst set 505, which comprises multiple SS bursts 510, denoted as SS burst 0 to SS burst N-1, where N is the maximum number of repetitions of the SS burst 510 that can be transmitted by the base station. As further shown, each SS burst 510 includes one or more SS blocks (SSBs) 515, denoted as SSB 0 to SSB M-1, where M is the maximum number of SSBs 515 that the SS burst 510 can carry. In some aspects, different SSBs 515 can be beamformed differently (e.g., transmitted using different beams) and can be used for cell search, cell acquisition, beam management, beam selection, etc. (e.g., as part of the initial network access process). The SS burst set 505 can be transmitted periodically by a radio node (e.g., base station 110), for example, every X milliseconds. Figure 5As shown. In some aspects, the SS burst set 505 can have a fixed or dynamic length, in Figure 5 Y milliseconds. In some cases, the SS burst set 505 or the SS burst 510 can be referred to as a discovery reference signal (DRS) transmission window, an SSB measurement time configuration (SMTC) window, and / or the like.

[0135] In some aspects, the SSB 515 can include resources carrying the PSS 520, the SSS 525, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) 530, and / or the like. In some aspects, multiple SSBs 515 are included in the SS burst 510 (e.g., transmitted on different beams), and the PSS 520, the SSS 525, and / or the PBCH 530 can be the same on each SSB 515 of the SS burst 510. In some aspects, a single SSB 515 can be included in the SS burst 510. In some aspects, the SSB 515 can be at least four symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) in length, with each symbol carrying one or more of the PSS 520 (e.g., occupying one symbol), the SSS 525 (e.g., occupying one symbol), and / or the PBCH 530 (e.g., occupying two symbols). In some aspects, the SSB 515 can be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0136] In some aspects, the symbols of the SSB 515 are contiguous, as Figure 5 shown. In some aspects, the symbols of the SSB 515 are non-contiguous. Similarly, in some aspects, one or more SSBs 515 of the SS burst 510 can be transmitted in contiguous radio resources (e.g., contiguous symbols) during one or more slots. Additionally or alternatively, one or more SSBs 515 of the SS burst 510 can be transmitted in non-contiguous radio resources.

[0137] In some aspects, the SS burst 510 can have a burst periodicity, and the SSB 515 of the SS burst 510 can be transmitted by a wireless node (e.g., a base station 110) in accordance with the burst periodicity. In this case, the SSB 515 can be repeated during each SS burst 510. In some aspects, the SS burst set 505 can have a burst set periodicity, such that the SS bursts 510 in the SS burst set 505 are transmitted by the wireless node in accordance with a fixed burst set periodicity. In other words, the SS burst 510 can be repeated during each SS burst set 505.

[0138] In some aspects, the SSB 515 can include an SSB index, which can correspond to a beam used to carry the SSB 515. The UE 120 can monitor and / or measure the SSB 515 using different receive (Rx) beams during an initial network access procedure and / or a cell search procedure, among other examples. Based at least in part on the monitoring and / or measuring, the UE 120 can indicate one or more SSBs 515 with best signal parameters (e.g., RSRP parameters, among other examples) to the base station 110. The base station 110 and the UE 120 can use the one or more indicated SSBs 515 to select one or more beams for communication between the base station 110 and the UE 120 (e.g., for a random access channel (RACH) procedure, among other examples). Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 120 can use the SSB 515 and / or the SSB index to determine a cell timing of a cell (e.g., a serving cell) via which the SSB 515 is received.

[0139] As indicated above, Figure 5 are provided as examples. Other examples can differ from what is described Figure 5 with respect to various aspects described.

[0140] Figure 6 FIGs. 6, 610, and 620 are diagrams illustrating examples 600, 610, and 620 of a CSI-RS beam management procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As Figure 6 indicated, the examples 600, 610, and 620 include a UE 120 in communication with a base station 110 in a wireless network (e.g., the wireless network 100). However, Figure 6 The devices illustrated in FIGs. 6, 610, and 620 are provided as examples, and a wireless network can support communication and beam management between other devices (e.g., between a UE 120 and a base station 110 or TRP, between a mobile terminal node and a control node, between an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) child node and an IAB parent node, between a scheduled node and a scheduling node, among other examples). In some aspects, the UE 120 and the base station 110 can be in a connected state (e.g., an RRC connected state, among other examples).

[0141] As indicated above, Figure 6 indicated, the examples 600, 610, and 620 include a UE 120 in communication with a base station 110 in a wireless network (e.g., the wireless network 100). However, Figure 6 The devices illustrated in FIGs. 6, 610, and 620 are provided as examples, and a wireless network can support communication and beam management between other devices (e.g., between a UE 120 and a base station 110 or TRP, between a mobile terminal node and a control node, between an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) child node and an IAB parent node, between a scheduled node and a scheduling node, among other examples). In some aspects, the UE 120 and the base station 110 can be in a connected state (e.g., an RRC connected state, among other examples). Figure 6As shown in Example 600, CSI-RS can be configured to be transmitted from base station 110 to UE 120. CSI-RS can be configured to be periodic (e.g., using RRC signaling, etc.), semi-persistent (e.g., using Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (MAC-CE) signaling, etc.) and / or non-periodic (e.g., using Downlink Control Information (DCI), etc.).

[0142] The first beam management process may include base station 110 performing beam scanning on multiple transmit (Tx) beams. Base station 110 may use each transmit beam for beam management to transmit CSI-RS. To enable UE 120 to perform receive (Rx) beam scanning, the base station may use the transmit beams to transmit (e.g., repeat) each CSI-RS multiple times within the same RS resource set, allowing UE 120 to scan the receive beam in multiple transmission instances. For example, if base station 110 has a set of N transmit beams and UE 120 has a set of M receive beams, CSI-RS may be transmitted M times on each of the N transmit beams, allowing UE 120 to receive M instances of CSI-RS on each transmit beam. In other words, for each transmit beam of base station 110, UE 120 may perform beam scanning using UE 120's receive beam. Therefore, the first beam management procedure enables UE 120 to measure CSI-RS on different transmit beams using different receive beams, supporting the selection of the transmit beam of base station 110 / receive beam of UE 120 or beam pairs. UE 120 can report the measurement results to base station 110, allowing base station 110 to select one or more beam pairs for communication between base station 110 and UE 120. Although Example 600 has been described in conjunction with CSI-RS, the first beam management procedure can also be performed using SSB in a similar manner to that described above.

[0143] like Figure 6 As shown, Example 610 includes base station 110 and UE 120 communicating using CSI-RS to perform beam management. Example 610 depicts a second beam management process (e.g., P2 CSI-RS beam management). This second beam management process may be referred to as a beam refinement process, a base station beam refinement process, a TRP beam refinement process, and / or a transmit beam refinement process, etc. Figure 6As shown in Example 610, CSI-RS can be configured to be transmitted from base station 110 to UE 120. CSI-RS can be configured to be aperiodic (e.g., using DCI, etc.). A second beam management procedure may include base station 110 performing beam scanning on one or more transmit beams. The one or more transmit beams may be a subset of all transmit beams associated with base station 110 (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements reported by UE 120 in conjunction with the first beam management procedure). Base station 110 may use each of the one or more transmit beams to transmit CSI-RS for beam management. UE 120 may use a single (e.g., the same) receive beam to measure each CSI-RS (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements performed in conjunction with the first beam management procedure). The second beam management procedure enables base station 110 to select the optimal transmit beam at least in part based on measurements of CSI-RS reported by UE 120 (e.g., measured by UE 120 using a single receive beam).

[0144] like Figure 6 As shown, Example 620 depicts a third beam management process (e.g., P3 CSI-RS beam management). This third beam management process can also be referred to as a beam refinement process, a UE beam refinement process, a receive beam refinement process, etc. Figure 6 As shown in Example 620, one or more CSI-RS can be configured to be transmitted from base station 110 to UE 120. The CSI-RS can be configured to be aperiodic (e.g., using DCI, etc.). A third beam management procedure may include base station 110 transmitting one or more CSI-RS using a single transmit beam (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements reported by UE 120 in conjunction with the first and / or second beam management procedures). To enable UE 120 to perform receive beam scanning, the base station may transmit (e.g., repeat) CSI-RS multiple times within the same RS resource set using the transmit beam, allowing UE 120 to scan one or more receive beams in multiple transmission instances. The one or more receive beams may be a subset of all receive beams associated with UE 120 (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements performed in conjunction with the first and / or second beam management procedures). The third beam management process enables base station 110 and / or UE 120 to select the optimal receive beam based at least in part on reported measurements received from UE 120 (e.g., CSI-RS of transmit beams using one or more receive beams).

[0145] As mentioned above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example of a beam management process. Other examples of beam management processes may be found in relation to... Figure 7The different aspects described. For example, the UE 120 and the base station 110 can perform a third beam management procedure prior to performing the second beam management procedure, the UE 120 and the base station 110 can perform similar beam management procedures to select a UE transmit beam, etc.

[0146] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of a coordinate system for indicating a spatial direction related to a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0147] As shown, an x-axis of the coordinate system can extend perpendicularly out of a front surface of the UE 120. As shown, a y-axis and a z-axis can be defined with respect to the x-axis to form a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, and the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis are all perpendicular to each other and intersect at an origin (e.g., the UE, a center of the UE, an approximate center of the UE, an antenna of the UE, an antenna element of the UE, an antenna array of the UE, etc.).

[0148] As shown, a line 710 extending in one direction (e.g., a spatial direction for beamforming) can be defined by an angle theta (Q) and an angle phi (F). As shown by reference number 720, the angle theta is defined as the angle between the z-axis and the line 710. As shown by reference number 730, the angle phi (F) is defined as the angle between the x-axis and a line 740 that lies on a plane that includes (or is parallel to) the x-axis and the y-axis. The line 740 intersects the origin (e.g., the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis) and also intersects a line 750 that is parallel to the z-axis, perpendicular to the plane that includes the x-axis and the y-axis, and intersects the line 710.

[0149] Figure 7 is provided as an example of a coordinate system for indicating a spatial direction related to a UE. Other example coordinate systems can differ from the coordinate system described with respect to Figure 8 and can be used in connection with the techniques and apparatuses described herein.

[0150] In a wireless network, a base station can configure a UE to measure and report channel condition values for beams such that the base station and / or the UE can perform one or more beam management procedures. For example, a UE can measure beams of a serving cell and can report measurement results to a base station according to a measurement configuration. Similarly, a UE can measure beams of one or more neighboring cells and can report measurement results to a base station according to a measurement configuration. The base station can receive the reported measurement results from the UE and can perform one or more beam management procedures based at least in part on the reported measurement results. For example, the base station can select a cell to be added as an SCG (e.g., in a dual connectivity mode), can determine a best beam (or beam pair) (e.g., a best base station transmission beam and / or a best UE reception beam) for communications between the base station and the UE, can select a target cell for a handover procedure, etc. As used herein, a “beam” can refer to a single beam or a beam pair, depending on the context.

[0151] Certain measurement configurations can result in poor beam management, such as suboptimal beam selection. For example, a UE connected to a first cell (e.g., of a first base station, a first RAT, etc.) can be configured with a measurement configuration for a cell selection procedure (e.g., an inter-RAT cell selection procedure). The cell selection procedure can configure a measurement event (e.g., a Bl measurement event) for reporting measurement values of a second cell (e.g., of a second base station, a first RAT, a second RAT, etc.) to a base station associated with the first cell. The UE can detect and measure beams of the second cell using a wide beam (e.g., a beam that has not been refined, a beam that is not associated with beamforming gain, a pseudo-omni beam, a beam formed using a single antenna element, etc.). The UE can determine a channel condition value for a beam of the second cell (e.g., using the wide beam) to determine whether the channel condition value for the beam of the second cell satisfies or triggers the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell to the base station associated with the first cell. However, performing measurements using the wide beam can not provide sufficient beamforming gain for the channel condition value of the beam of the second cell to satisfy or trigger the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell to the base station associated with the first cell, and / or the reported channel condition value can not be sufficient to trigger addition of the second cell as part of an SCG.

[0152] For example, when measuring beams of a second cell to satisfy or trigger a measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell, a UE with poor antenna coverage, a UE that is a customer premises equipment (CPE), a UE that is a lower tier UE, and / or the like can not be able to achieve sufficient beamforming gain using wide beams. For example, near a cell edge of the second cell, the UE can determine a poor (or lower) channel condition value for a beam of the second cell using a wide beam as compared to a case in which the UE measures the beam of the second cell using a narrow beam. Thus, the UE can not report the channel condition value for the beam of the second cell to a base station associated with the first cell. In this case, even if measurements of the beam of the second cell by the UE using a more refined or narrower beam would have resulted in a channel condition value that would have satisfied or triggered the measurement event for reporting measurement values of the second cell to the base station, the base station can not add the second cell as part of the SCG. Thus, if the second cell is added as part of the SCG, the measurement configuration can result in lower throughput than would otherwise be achievable.

[0153] Some techniques and apparatuses described herein can enable improved beam management, reduced battery consumption, improved network performance, and / or higher throughput. For example, a UE can modify a channel condition value measured for a first set of beams (e.g., wider beams) to account for beamforming gain of a second set of beams (e.g., narrower beams) without actually measuring the channel condition value for the second set of beams. In this way, the UE can conserve battery power and other UE resources (e.g., processing power, memory, and / or the like) by avoiding performing measurements using the second set of beams (e.g., which can have a larger search space than the first set of beams due to including more beams than the first set of beams), while at the same time improving network performance (e.g., via higher throughput, higher reliability, lower latency, and / or the like) by enabling addition of a cell to an SCG in cases in which the modified channel condition value satisfies a threshold, even if a corresponding (unmodified) channel condition value measured using the first set of beams does not satisfy the threshold.

[0154] Further, a base station can configure or otherwise associate a time constraint for reporting beam measurement results by a UE (e.g., after transmission of a reference signal associated with the beam measurement results, such as an SSB and / or a CSI-RS). If the UE measures beam parameters using a second set of beams that can include a larger number of beams than the first set of beams, the UE can not be able to satisfy the time constraint. Some techniques and apparatuses described herein enable the UE to satisfy such a time constraint by avoiding performing measurements using the second set of beams, while at the same time improving network performance by enabling addition of a cell to an SCG as described above.

[0155] Figure 9is a diagram illustrating example 800 associated with modifying values sent in measurement reports for beam management, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In example 800, UE 120 can establish a communication connection with a first cell (e.g., a primary cell (PCell)) in a first cell group (e.g., a MCG) associated with a first base station 110. A second cell associated with a second base station 110 can be a candidate cell for dual connectivity with the first cell (e.g., can be a candidate to act as a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of a second cell group (e.g., a SCG), a secondary cell (SCell) of a SCG, etc.). In some aspects, the first cell can be associated with a first RAT (e.g., an LTE RAT, a 4G RAT, etc.). The second cell can be associated with a second RAT (e.g., an NR RAT, a 5G RAT, etc.). In some aspects, the first RAT and the second RAT can be different RATs, such as in the case of ENDC or NEDC. Alternatively, the first RAT and the second RAT can be the same RAT, such as in the case of NRDC. In some aspects, there can be multiple second cells that can be candidates for dual connectivity with the first cell in a similar manner as described herein.

[0156] As shown by reference number 810, UE 120 can receive a measurement configuration from the first base station 110 of the first cell. In some aspects, the measurement configuration can be associated with an inter-RAT (IRAT) cell selection procedure. For example, the measurement configuration can be associated with a cell search procedure and / or a cell selection procedure for selecting a cell associated with a second RAT for dual connectivity with the first cell.

[0157] The measurement configuration can indicate a measurement event for reporting measurement values for a cell associated with the second RAT to the first base station 110 (e.g., associated with the first RAT). The measurement event can be a Bl measurement event (e.g., for reporting IRAT neighbor cells) or another type of measurement event (e.g., for reporting intra-RAT neighbor cells). The measurement event can indicate a reporting threshold for reporting measurement values associated with a cell of the second RAT. In some aspects, the reporting threshold can indicate a channel condition value (e.g., a RSRP value, a signal-to-noise (SNR) value, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value, etc.) that is a threshold channel condition value for reporting channel condition values associated with a cell of the second RAT. That is, if UE 120 measures a beam associated with the second RAT and determines that a channel condition value of the beam associated with the second RAN satisfies the reporting threshold, UE 120 can report the channel condition value of the beam associated with the second RAT to the first base station 110 associated with the first RAT.

[0158] As shown by reference number 820, the second base station 110 can transmit reference signals, such as SSBs and / or CSI-RSs. The reference signals can be used for a cell search procedure, a beam management procedure, and / or the like. In some aspects, the reference signals can be used to detect whether the UE 120 should transmit a measurement report to the first base station 110. The second base station 110 can transmit respective reference signals on different beams.

[0159] As shown by reference number 830, the UE 120 can perform a cell search (e.g., a cell search procedure) using the first set of beams (e.g., the first set of UE receive beams). For example, the UE 120 can measure one or more beams of the second cell by measuring reference signals transmitted by the second base station 110 on the one or more beams in accordance with the measurement configuration. In some aspects, the UE 120 can measure beams from one or more other cells associated with the second RAT. The UE 120 can determine a channel condition value (e.g., an RSRP value, an SNR value, an SINR value, and / or the like) for a beam of the second cell based at least in part on performing the cell search. For example, the UE 120 can measure multiple beams and can determine a channel condition value for each measured beam. In some aspects, the channel condition value is a value measured by the UE 120 during the cell search and / or calculated by the UE 120 using one or more measurement results obtained by the UE 120 in the cell search procedure. In some aspects, the UE 120 can perform the cell search in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity, such as for establishing dual connectivity, for creating an SCG, for adding a cell to an existing SCG, and / or the like.

[0160] In some aspects, the beams included in the first set of beams are wide beams. A wide beam can be a beam with a large degree of coverage (e.g., a wide beam can have a beamwidth of at least 90 degrees). In some aspects, a wide beam can be an unrefined beam, a pseudo-omni beam, a level-1 beam (i.e., a 1 -element beam, such as a beam formed using a single antenna element of the UE 120), and / or the like. The UE 120 can use the wide set of beams to measure beams of the second cell to reduce an amount of time and an amount of resources associated with the UE 120 measuring beams of the second RAT, as measuring beams of the second cell using refined or narrow beams can require a beam sweeping procedure that can increase the amount of time associated with measuring beams of the second RAT and can increase resources of the UE 120 used to perform such measurements.

[0161] As shown by reference number 840, the UE 120 can modify the measured channel condition value for the beams of the second cell. In some aspects, the UE 120 can modify the channel condition value for the beams of the second cell using a beamforming gain value. The beamforming gain value can be a nominal value to indicate a beamforming gain that can be achieved by a wide beam used by the UE 120 to measure the one or more beams of the second cell and determine the channel condition value for the one or more beams of the second cell with beamforming or refinement.

[0162] In some aspects, the UE 120 can modify the channel condition value based at least in part on the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, the beam selected from the first set of beams, and / or a second set of beams that is different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE 120. For example, the UE 120 can use the first set of beams, the beam selected from the first set of beams, and / or the second set of beams to determine or compute a beamforming gain value (sometimes referred to herein as a “nominal gain”), as described in more detail elsewhere herein (e.g., in connection with Figure 10 and Figure 9 In some aspects, the UE 120 can modify the channel condition value by adding the beamforming gain value (e.g., the nominal gain) to the channel condition value or otherwise modifying the channel condition value using the beamforming gain.

[0163] In some aspects, the beam selected from the first set of beams is a best beam from the first set of beams. For example, the beam selected from the first set of beams can be the strongest beam compared to other beams of the first set of beams, can be the strongest available beam compared to other beams in the first set of beams (e.g., in the case that one or more beams within the first set of beams are unavailable due to, for example, a maximum allowed exposure constraint), can be the beam with the best (e.g., highest, strongest) channel condition value compared to other beams in the first set of beams, and / or the like.

[0164] The second set of beams can be different than the first set of beams. In some aspects, each beam included in the second set of beams can be different than each beam included in the first set of beams. The second set of beams can be included in a beamforming codebook of the UE 120 (e.g., the UE 120 can be capable of and / or configured to communicate using the second set of beams). In some aspects, the second set of beams is not used to perform a cell search. As one example, the first set of beams can be 1st order beams formed using a single antenna element, while the second set of beams can be 2nd order beams formed using two antenna elements. As another example, the first set of beams can be 1st order beams formed using a single antenna element, while the second set of beams can be 3rd order beams formed using four antenna elements. As another example, the first set of beams can be 2nd order beams formed using two antenna elements, while the second set of beams can be 3rd order beams formed using four antenna elements. In general, the first set of beams can be lower order beams formed using fewer antenna elements than the second set of beams. Similarly, the second set of beams can be higher order beams formed using more antenna elements than the first set of beams. In some aspects, a beam order can be associated with a particular beam width and / or a particular beamforming gain. For example, lower order beams can be associated with wider beam widths and smaller beamforming gains, while higher order beams can be associated with narrower beam widths and larger beamforming gains.

[0165] In some aspects, the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the first set of beams and / or with the selected beam. For example, the second set of beams can be associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam. In this case, the same antenna array can be used to form the selected beam and to form the second set of beams. Additionally or alternatively, the second set of beams can be sub-beams of the selected beam.

[0166] Two beams can have a parent-child relationship with each other. A parent beam can be associated with a lower level. A lower level beam (e.g., a level 1 beam) can have a wider beamwidth, can have a smaller beamforming gain, can be formed using a smaller number of antenna elements, etc. as compared to a higher level beam (e.g., a level 2 beam). A child beam can be associated with a higher level as compared to the parent beam of the child beam. A higher level beam (e.g., a level 2 beam) can have a narrower beamwidth, can have a larger beamforming gain, can be formed using a larger number of antenna elements, etc. as compared to a lower level beam (e.g., a level 1 beam). In some aspects, a single parent beam can be associated with multiple child beams. In some aspects, a beamforming codebook of the UE 120 can indicate the parent-child relationship between beams. As part of a beam refinement procedure, the UE 120 can move from a parent beam to a child beam of the parent beam. For example, as part of a beam refinement procedure, the UE 120 can perform measurements on a child beam corresponding to a parent beam or a parent beam corresponding to a child beam.

[0167] In some aspects, the UE 120 can modify the channel condition value by adding a beamforming gain value. The modified channel condition value can enable the UE 120 to estimate the channel condition value of a beam without actually measuring the beam, thereby reducing measurement and / or reporting delay and saving resources (e.g., processing resources, memory resources, and / or battery power) by measuring the second cell using a wide beam instead of one or more narrow beams. Exemplary techniques for modifying channel condition values are described below in connection with Figure 10 and Figure 9 Exemplary techniques for modifying channel condition values are described below in connection with

[0168] In some aspects, the modification to the channel condition value can depend on one or more factors associated with the UE 120. In some aspects, the factors can affect the first set of beams, the second set of beams, the beam selected from the first set of beams, the beams included in the third set of beams (described elsewhere herein), and / or the function (described elsewhere herein) used to determine the nominal gain, among other examples. Additional details are described below in connection with Figure 8 Exemplary techniques for modifying channel condition values are described below in connection with

[0169] As shown by reference number 850, the UE 120 can transmit a measurement report including the modified channel condition value to the first base station 110 of the first cell. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 120 can transmit the measurement report based at least in part on determining that the modified channel condition value satisfies a measurement reporting threshold (e.g., indicated in the measurement configuration). For example, the measured channel condition value can not satisfy the measurement reporting threshold, but when the channel condition is modified (e.g., by adding the beamforming gain value), the modified channel condition can satisfy the measurement reporting threshold. Thus, the UE 120 can transmit the measurement report by accounting for the beamforming gain that can result in better channel conditions than indicated by the actual measurement, despite the actual measurement not satisfying the measurement reporting threshold. The UE 120 can estimate this beamforming gain as described above to conserve computational resources and reduce latency as compared to performing the actual measurement using narrower beams (e.g., using the second set of beams).

[0170] In some aspects, the measurement report can include the modified channel condition value. The base station 110 can use the modified channel condition value to determine whether to add a cell (e.g., form a SCG, add a cell to an existing SCG, etc.), select a cell to add, perform a handover, and / or the like. For example, the first base station 110 of the first cell can receive the measurement report including the modified channel condition value. The first base station 110 can transmit an indication to the UE 120 to add the second cell as a PSCell or SCell for dual connectivity with the first cell.

[0171] In some aspects, the UE 120 can perform a beam refinement procedure associated with adding the second cell. Thus, when the second cell is added as a PSCell, the UE 120 can realize the beamforming gain value by performing the beam refinement procedure. Thus, after the second cell is added as a PSCell, the UE 120 can operate in a dual connectivity mode with the first cell as a PCcell of a MCG and the second cell as a PSCell of a SCG, or can add a cell (e.g., as a SCcell) to an existing SCG as part of dual connectivity. The dual connectivity mode can improve network performance and increase throughput for the UE 120.

[0172] As indicated above, Figure 8 are provided as examples. Other examples can differ from what is described Figure 9 with respect to what is described.

[0173] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example 900 associated with modifying a value transmitted in a measurement report for beam management, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0174] As shown by reference number 910, a first set of beams used to perform a cell search (as described above in connection with FIG. 9, for example) can be used to perform measurements of a second cell. For example, the UE 120 can perform measurements of the second cell using the first set of beams. The first set of beams can be used to perform measurements of the second cell because the first set of beams can be used to perform measurements of the first cell. Thus, the UE 120 can use the first set of beams to perform measurements of the second cell without having to perform measurements of the second cell using a second set of beams.Figure 9 The first beam set includes beams Al, A2, A3, and A4. The first beam set can be referred to herein as “set A.” The UE 120 can perform a cell search using the first beam set, and can select a beam from the first beam set. For example, the UE 120 can select the strongest beam from the first beam set, as indicated by beam Al in Figure 9 The UE 120 can then identify a second beam set that is not used for the cell search, which includes beams in the beamforming codebook of the UE 120, and is a sub-beam (or a higher level beam than) of beam Al. The second beam set is illustrated in Figure 9 as beams Bl, B2, B3, and B4. The second beam set can be referred to herein as “set B.”

[0175] In example 900, beams Al, A2, A3, and A4 can be level-1 beams each beamformed using a single antenna element, and beams Bl, B2, B3, and B4 can be level-3 beams each beamformed using four antenna elements. In other examples, the second beam set can be level-2 beams. As shown, beams Bl, B2, B3, and B4 can have a narrower beamwidth than beam Al. In some aspects, beams Bl, B2, B3, and B4 are beamformed using the same antenna array (e.g., set of antenna elements) as beam Al.

[0176] As further shown in Figure 7 The third beam set includes beams Al and A2. The third beam set can have a spatial relationship with the first beam set. For example, the third beam set can include beams of the same level as the first beam set and / or the selected beam (e.g., beams beamformed using the same number of antenna elements as the first beam set and / or the selected beam). Additionally or alternatively, the third beam set can include beams beamformed using the same antenna array as beam Al. In some aspects, the third beam set is a subset of the first beam set. The third beam set can be referred to herein as “set C.”

[0177] As shown by reference number 920, the UE 120 can identify a gain matrix for the beams. The gain matrix can include a set of gain parameters (e.g., RSRP parameters, SNR parameters, SINR parameters, etc.) determined for a corresponding set of spatial directions from the UE 120. As described above in connection with Figure 8The spatial directions can be defined by a first angle theta (Q) from the UE 120 and a second angle phi (F) from the UE 120. However, other definitions and / or coordinates of the spatial directions can be used for the gain matrix. As shown, the UE 120 can identify a gain parameter for each of a plurality of spatial directions. In some aspects, the gain matrix and / or gain parameters can be stored in a memory of the UE 120.

[0178] As further shown, the UE 120 can identify a second maximum gain matrix (shown as maximum gain matrix 2) for a second set of beams (set B). For each direction (Q, F), the second maximum gain matrix can include a maximum gain parameter of the beams included in the second set of beams. For example, for a particular direction (Q, F), the UE 120 can identify a first gain parameter for a first beam (e.g., beam Bl), can identify a second gain parameter for a second beam (e.g., beam B2), can identify a second gain parameter for a third beam (e.g., beam B3), and can identify a second gain parameter for a fourth beam (e.g., beam B4). The maximum of the first gain parameter, the second gain parameter, the third gain parameter, and the fourth gain parameter (e.g., the maximum gain parameter) can be included in the second maximum gain matrix for the particular direction (Q, F). The UE 120 can perform similar comparisons for each direction included in the gain matrix to form the second maximum gain matrix.

[0179] As further shown, the UE 120 can identify a second maximum gain matrix (shown as maximum gain matrix 2) for a second set of beams (set B). For each direction (Q, F), the second maximum gain matrix can include a maximum gain parameter of the beams included in the second set of beams. For example, for a particular direction (Q, F), the UE 120 can identify a first gain parameter for a first beam (e.g., beam Bl), can identify a second gain parameter for a second beam (e.g., beam B2), can identify a second gain parameter for a third beam (e.g., beam B3), and can identify a second gain parameter for a fourth beam (e.g., beam B4). The maximum of the first gain parameter, the second gain parameter, the third gain parameter, and the fourth gain parameter (e.g., the maximum gain parameter) can be included in the second maximum gain matrix for the particular direction (Q, F). The UE 120 can perform similar comparisons for each direction included in the gain matrix to form the second maximum gain matrix.

[0180] As further shown, the UE 120 can compute a potential gain matrix as the difference between the first maximum gain matrix and the second maximum gain matrix. For example, for a particular direction (Q, F), the UE 120 can subtract the gain parameter for that direction included in the first maximum gain matrix (for set C) from the gain parameter for that direction included in the second maximum gain matrix (for set B), and can store the resulting value in the potential gain matrix for the particular direction. The UE 120 can perform similar computations for each direction included in the gain matrix to form the potential gain matrix.

[0181] As further shown, the UE 120 can compute a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix. The nominal gain is sometimes referred to herein as a beamforming gain. The UE 120 can compute the nominal gain by performing a mathematical function on the potential gain matrix to convert the potential gain matrix (e.g., a multi-dimensional matrix, such as a two-dimensional matrix) to a single value (rather than the multiple values included in the matrix). Such a transformation can reduce signaling overhead. In some aspects, the UE 120 can compute the nominal gain as an average (e.g., an average value, a median value, a mode, etc.) of all gain parameters or a subset of the gain parameters included in the potential gain matrix. Additionally or alternatively, the function can be based at least in part on a particular quantile (e.g., a 10% quantile, a 25% quantile, a 50% quantile, a 75% quantile, or an 80% quantile, etc.) of the gain parameter values included in the potential gain matrix.

[0182] As further shown, the UE 120 can combine the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form a modified channel condition value. For example, the UE 120 can add the nominal gain and the measured channel condition value to form a modified channel condition. The UE 120 can use the modified channel condition value to determine whether to transmit a measurement report and / or can include the modified channel condition value in a measurement report, as described above in connection with Figure 9

[0183] ​In some aspects, the modification of the channel condition value can depend on one or more factors associated with the UE 120. In some aspects, these factors can affect the first set of beams, the second set of beams, the beams selected from the first set of beams, the beams included in the third set of beams, and / or the function used to determine the nominal gain, among other examples. For example, a thermal mitigation factor can affect a maximum allowed beam level (e.g., a maximum number of antenna elements allowed for beamforming). The second set of beams can include the highest level of beams (e.g., the narrowest beams) that the UE 120 is capable of using and / or configured to use according to a beamforming codebook of the UE 120, which are allowed according to the thermal mitigation factor (e.g., to prevent the UE 120 from overheating). In some aspects, the thermal mitigation factor can depend on an ambient temperature of the UE 120, an operating temperature of the UE 120, and / or the like.

[0184] Additionally or alternatively, an estimated angle (e.g., an angle of arrival) of a signal received by the UE 120 from the base station 110 or an estimated angle (e.g., an angle of departure) of a signal transmitted by the UE 120 to the base station 110 can affect the modified channel condition value. For example, the UE 120 can limit the second set of beams (e.g., including beams having a spatial direction within a threshold of the estimated angle) and / or can limit the values of one or more gain matrices based at least in part on the estimated angle (e.g., only considering spatial directions defined by Q and Q within an estimated angle threshold) based at least in part on the estimated angle of arrival. For example, the UE 120 can exclude one or more values of the first maximum gain matrix, the second maximum gain matrix, and / or the potential gain matrix when calculating the nominal gain.

[0185] Additionally or alternatively, a geographic location of the UE 120 can influence the first set of beams, the second set of beams, and / or the beam selected by the UE 120. Additionally or alternatively, a throughput requirement associated with the UE 120 (e.g., for one or more applications executing on the UE 120, for downlink communications, for uplink communications, and / or the like) can influence the modification of the channel condition value. Additionally or alternatively, a remaining battery power and / or a battery charging state (e.g., whether the UE 120 is charging, a rate at which the UE 120 is charging, and / or the like) can influence the modification of the channel condition value. For example, the UE 120 can use different functions to derive a nominal gain from the potential gain matrix based at least in part on the geographic location of the UE 120, the throughput requirement, the remaining battery power, and / or the battery charging state. For example, the UE 120 can use a function that results in a higher nominal gain (e.g., by using a higher quantile) when the UE 120 has a higher throughput requirement, is closer to the base station 110, has a greater remaining battery power, is charging, and / or the like, and can use a function that results in a lower nominal gain (e.g., by using a lower quantile) when the UE 120 has a lower throughput requirement, is farther from the base station 110, has a lower remaining battery power, is not charging, and / or the like.

[0186] By modifying the channel condition value measured for the first set of beams (e.g., wider beams) to account for the beamforming gain of the second set of beams (e.g., narrower beams) without actually measuring the channel condition value for the second set of beams, the UE 120 can conserve battery power and other UE resources while still accounting for the beamforming gain. Thus, the UE 120 can cause the base station 110 to add a cell for communicating with the UE 120 by accounting for the beamforming gain, thereby improving network performance (e.g., via higher throughput, higher reliability, lower latency, and / or the like). Moreover, as described above, the UE 120 can be enabled to meet time constraints by avoiding performing measurements using the second set of beams while still improving network performance by being able to add a cell to the SCG.

[0187] As noted above, Figure 9 are provided as examples. Other examples can differ from what is described Figure 10 with respect to what is described.

[0188] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 associated with modifying values sent in measurement reports for beam management, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0189] As shown by reference number 1010, the UE 120 can store information indicating gain parameters (e.g., nominal gains) for a given first set of beams (set A), a given beam (beam 1) selected from the first set of beams, and a given second set of beams (set B). As shown by reference number 1020, for a particular combination of beams included in set A and a particular beam 1 (shown as set A, beam 1 option 1), the UE 120 can store a gain parameter value associated with a combination of beams from set A and beam 1 included in the second set of beams (shown as set B option 1), can store a gain parameter value associated with another particular beam 1 from set A and a second combination of beams included in the second set of beams (shown as set B option 2), and so on.

[0190] During operation of the UE 120 (e.g., associated with performing a cell search), the UE 120 can determine set A (e.g., beams to use for a cell search), beam 1 (e.g., a best beam included in set A indicated by the cell search), and set B (e.g., beams not used for the cell search that are included in a codebook of the UE 120 and have a spatial relationship with set A and / or beam 1, as described elsewhere herein). The UE 120 can perform a lookup operation (e.g., in a data structure or table, as shown) to identify a set of gain parameter values associated with the determined set A, beam 1, and set B. As shown, the set of gain parameter values can correspond to a set of quantile values. The UE 120 can select a gain parameter value (e.g., a nominal gain to add to a channel condition value) to apply when modifying the channel condition value based at least in part on a quantile value selected and / or configured for the UE 120.

[0191] Graph 1030 illustrates an example of the gain increase on a level 1 (LI) beam due to using a level 2 (L2) or level 3 (L3) beam instead of a level 1 (LI) beam for a particular combination of set A and beam 1. Reference number 1040 illustrates the beamforming gain resulting from using a first beam combination of set B (e.g., set B option 1), which is a level 2 beam, compared to using a level 1 beam. Reference number 1050 illustrates the beamforming gain resulting from using a second beam combination of set B (e.g., set B option 2), which is a level 3 beam, compared to using a level 1 beam. Beamforming gain (e.g., nominal gain or potential gain) is shown on the x-axis, and the y-axis shows the gain for different quantile values. A quantile value can indicate a percentage of a sphere around the UE 120 for which the actual gain is less than the nominal gain corresponding to the quantile value. For example, the combination of set A, beam 1 option 1, and set B option 1 is associated with a quantile value of 0.1 (10%) and a corresponding gain of 3.4, which indicates that 10% of the sphere around the UE 120 has a gain less than 3.4 (or less than or equal to 3.4) for set A, beam 1 option 1, and set B option 1 (e.g., compared to a reference beam such as a level 1 beam), and 90% of the sphere around the UE 120 has a gain greater than 3.4 (or greater than or equal to 3.4) for set A, beam 1 option 1, and set B option 1.

[0192] The UE 120 can use the quantile value to control the output (e.g., the nominal gain to add to the channel condition value) for a particular set A, beam 1, and set B. In some aspects, the UE 120 can select the quantile value based at least in part on one or more factors described elsewhere herein, such as thermal mitigation, geographic location, estimated angle of a signal received by the UE 120 or transmitted by the UE 120, throughput requirements associated with the UE 120, remaining battery power of the UE 120, or battery charge state of the UE 120. As shown, in some aspects, selecting a higher quantile (e.g., close to 1) for parameterized control of the nominal gain results in selecting a higher nominal gain, while selecting a lower quantile (e.g., close to 0) for parameterized control of the nominal gain results in selecting a lower nominal gain.

[0193] The UE 120 can select a higher quantile to be more aggressive in attempting to add a cell (e.g., for an SCG) to increase throughput at the expense of potentially wasting UE resources and network resources (e.g., when the actual beamforming gain is lower than the selected nominal gain). If the UE 120 was already more aggressive in attempting to add a cell (e.g., when the actual beamforming gain is higher than the selected nominal gain), the UE 120 can select a more conservative lower quantile in attempting to add a cell (e.g., for an SCG) to conserve UE resources and network resources at the expense of potentially not adding a cell when a cell should have been added.

[0194] As indicated above, Figure 10 are provided as examples. Other examples can differ from what is described with respect to at least one of the Figure 11 described.

[0195] Figure 11 FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example where the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with modifying a value sent in a measurement report for beam management.

[0196] As further shown, process 1100 includes performing a cell search using a first set of beams (block 1110). For example, as described above, a UE (e.g., using Figure 12 performance component 1208) can perform a cell search using a first set of beams. Figure 11

[0197] As further shown, process 1100 includes determining a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search (block 1120). For example, as described above, a UE (e.g., using Figure 12 determination component 1210) can determine a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search. Figure 11 As further shown, process 1100 includes modifying the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a beam selected from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE (block 1130). As described above, a UE (e.g., using

[0198] modification component 1212) modifies the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a beam selected from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE. Figure 12 Figure 11 ​​​

[0199] As Figure 12 Further, the process 1100 includes transmitting the measurement report including the modified channel condition value (block 1140). For example, as described above, the UE (e.g., using transmission component 1204 of the apparatus 1200) can transmit the measurement report including the modified channel condition value. Figure 12

[0200] The process 1100 can include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0201] In a first aspect, the second set of beams is not used to perform the cell search.

[0202] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the cell search is performed in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity.

[0203] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least two of the first set of beams, the selected beam, or the second set of beams.

[0204] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on the first set of beams, the selected beam, and the second set of beams.

[0205] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the selected beam is a strongest beam measured in the first set of beams based at least in part on performing the cell search.

[0206] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0207] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the channel condition value is further modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the second set of beams.

[0208] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the second set of beams in a respective direction.

[0209] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, the channel condition value is further modified based at least in part on a third set of beams having a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0210] ​In the tenth aspect, the channel condition value is modified, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, at least in part, based on one or more gain parameters calculated for the third beam set.

[0211] In the eleventh aspect, individually or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to the maximum gain associated with the third beam set in the corresponding direction.

[0212] In the twelfth aspect, modifying the channel condition value, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, further includes: identifying (e.g., using...) Figure 12 The identification component 1214) is used for the first gain matrix of the third beam set, which is associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam and uses the same number of antenna elements as the first beam set; identification (e.g., using...) Figure 12 The identification component 1214) is used for the second gain matrix of the second beam set, wherein the second beam set is associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam and uses more antenna elements than the first beam set; calculation (e.g., using...) Figure 12 The computational component 1216) serves as the potential gain matrix as the difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; it is calculated at least in part based on the potential gain matrix (e.g., using...). Figure 12 The nominal gain of the computing component 1216; and the combination (e.g., using Figure 11 The combined component 1218) nominal gain and channel condition values ​​are used to form modified channel condition values.

[0213] In the thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the first beam set uses a single antenna element, while the second beam set uses multiple antenna elements.

[0214] In the fourteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, the channel condition value is also modified at least in part based on at least one of the following: thermal mitigation factor, the geographic location of the UE, the estimated angle of a signal received or transmitted by the UE, the throughput requirement associated with the UE, the remaining battery power of the UE, or the battery charging state of the UE.

[0215] although Figure 11 An example box for process 1100 is shown, but in some respects, it differs from... Figure 12 Compared to the boxes depicted, process 1100 may include additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes arranged differently. Additionally or alternatively, two or more boxes in process 1100 may be executed in parallel.

[0216] Figures 8 to 10 is a block diagram of an exemplary apparatus 1200 for wireless communication. The apparatus 1200 can be a UE, or a UE can include the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 includes a reception component 1202 and a transmission component 1204, which can be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 1200 can communicate with another apparatus 1206 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1202 and the transmission component 1204. As further shown, the apparatus 1200 can include one or more of a performing component 1208, a determining component 1210, a modifying component 1212, an identifying component 1214, a calculating component 1216, and / or a combining component 1218, among other examples.

[0217] In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 can be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with the described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1200 can be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1100 of Figure 11 In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 and / or one or more components thereof can include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 12 In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 and / or one or more components thereof can include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 In some aspects, one or more components of the apparatus 1200 and / or one or more components shown in FIG. 12 can include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 12 In some aspects, one or more components of the apparatus 1200 and / or one or more components shown in FIG. 12 can be implemented within one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 In some aspects, one or more components of the apparatus 1200 and / or one or more components shown in FIG. 12 can be implemented within one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 The reception component 1202 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1206. The reception component 1202 can provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 can perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and can provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 can include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with

[0218] Figure 2 The reception component 1202 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1206. The reception component 1202 can provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 can perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and can provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 can include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with

[0219] ​The transmission component 1204 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1206 can generate communications and can provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1204 for transmission to the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 can perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and can transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 can include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1204 can be co-located with the reception component 1202 in a transceiver. Figure 2 The reception component 1202 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1206. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1206 can generate communications and can transmit the generated communications to the apparatus 1206 for reception by the reception component 1202. In some aspects, the reception component 1202 can perform signal processing on the

[0220] The execution component 1208 can perform a cell search using the first set of beams. In some aspects, the execution component 1208 can include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 2. Figure 2 The determination component 1210 can determine a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search. In some aspects, the determination component 1210 can include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 2. Figure 2 The modification component 1212 can modify the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, the selected beam, or a second set of beams that is different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE. In some aspects, the modification component 1212 can include a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 2. Figure 2 The transmission component 1204 can transmit a measurement report including the modified channel condition value.

[0221] The identification component 1214 can identify a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams. In some aspects, the identification component 1214 can include a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with Fig. 2. Figure 2The described UE's controller / processor, memory, or a combination thereof. Identification component 1214 can identify a second gain matrix for a second beam set, wherein the second beam set is associated with the same antenna array as the selected beams and uses more antenna elements than the first beam set. Calculation component 1216 can calculate a potential gain matrix as the difference between the first and second gain matrices. In some aspects, calculation component 1216 may include the above-described combination... Figure 2 The described UE's controller / processor, memory, or a combination thereof. The calculation component 1216 can calculate the nominal gain at least in part based on the potential gain matrix. The combination component 1218 can combine the nominal gain and channel condition values ​​to form modified channel condition values. In some aspects, the calculation component 1216 may include the combination described above. Figure 12 The described UE's transmitting processor, controller / processor, memory, or a combination thereof.

[0222] Figure 12 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, with... Figure 12 Compared to the components shown, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or components with different arrangements. Furthermore, Figure 12 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 12 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 12 The collection of (one or more) components shown can perform actions described as being performed by Figure 13 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0223] Figures 8 to 10 This is a block diagram of an exemplary device 1300 for wireless communication. Device 1300 may be a base station, or a base station may include device 1300. In some aspects, device 1300 includes a receiving component 1302 and a transmitting component 1304, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 1300 can use the receiving component 1302 and the transmitting component 1304 to communicate with another device 1306 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 1300 may include a beam selection component 1308.

[0224] In some respects, device 1300 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figure 13 Describes one or more operations. In some respects, Figure 2 The device 1300 and / or one or more components shown may include the above-described components. Figure 13 One or more components of the described base station. Additionally or alternatively,Figure 2 One or more components of the system 1300 can be used in the implementation of the above-described Figure 2 implemented within one or more components of the system 1300 described above. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components can be implemented at least partially as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) can be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0225] The reception component 1302 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1306. The reception component 1302 can provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 can perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and can provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 can include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with Fig. 2. Figure 13 The reception component 1302 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1306. The reception component 1302 can provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 can perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and can provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 can include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with Fig. 2.

[0226] The transmission component 1304 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1306 can generate communications and can provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 can perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and can transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 can include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 can be co-located with the reception component 1302 in a transceiver of the apparatus 1306. Figure 13 The transmission component 1304 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1306 can generate communications and can provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 can perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and can transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 can include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 can be co-located with the reception component 1302 in a transceiver of the apparatus 1306.

[0227] The reception component 1302 can receive a measurement report including a modified channel condition value. The beam selection component 1308 can select a beam and / or perform a beam management procedure based at least in part on the measurement report including the modified channel condition value. The transmission component 1304 can transmit an indication of the selected beam to the apparatus 1306, such as adding a cell to an SCG, creating an SCG, and the like.

[0228] Figure 13The number and arrangement of components shown in FIG. 10 are provided as an example. In practice, there can be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in FIG. 10. Additionally or alternatively, components shown in FIG. 10 can be implemented to perform one or more functions described as being performed by one or more other components shown in FIG. 10. Figure 13 There can be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components in FIG. 10 than those shown in FIG. 10. Additionally or alternatively, components shown in FIG. 10 can be implemented to perform one or more functions described as being performed by one or more other components shown in FIG. 10. Figure 13 Two or more components shown in FIG. 10 can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 13 A single component shown in FIG. 10 can be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, ​ A set of one or more components shown in FIG. 10 can be implemented to perform one or more functions described as being performed by one or more other components shown in FIG. 10. ​ A set of one or more components shown in FIG. 10 can be implemented to perform one or more functions described as being performed by one or more other components shown in FIG. 10.

[0229] An overview of some aspects of the present disclosure is provided below:

[0230] Aspect 1 : A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: performing a cell search using a first set of beams; determining a channel condition value based at least in part on performing the cell search; modifying the channel condition value based at least in part on at least one of: the first set of beams used to perform the cell search, a selected beam from the first set of beams, or a second set of beams different from the first set of beams and included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE; and transmitting a measurement report including the modified channel condition value.

[0231] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the second set of beams is not used to perform the cell search.

[0232] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1-2, wherein the cell search is performed in association with adding a cell for dual connectivity.

[0233] Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1-3, wherein the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on at least two of the first set of beams, the selected beam, or the second set of beams.

[0234] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1-4, wherein the channel condition value is modified based at least in part on the first set of beams, the selected beam, and the second set of beams.

[0235] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1-5, wherein the selected beam is a strongest beam measured in the first set of beams based at least in part on performing the cell search.

[0236] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1-6, wherein the second set of beams has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0237] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the channel condition value is further modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the second set of beams.

[0238] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the second set of beams in a respective direction.

[0239] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 1-9, wherein the channel condition value is further modified based at least in part on a third set of beams having a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

[0240] Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, wherein the channel condition value is further modified based at least in part on one or more gain parameters computed for the third set of beams.

[0241] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, wherein each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to a maximum gain associated with the third set of beams in a respective direction.

[0242] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1-12, wherein modifying the channel condition value further comprises: identifying a first gain matrix for a third set of beams, the third set of beams being associated with a same antenna array as the selected beam and using a same number of antenna elements as the first set of beams; identifying a second gain matrix for a second set of beams, the second set of beams being associated with the same antenna array as the selected beam and using more antenna elements than the first set of beams; computing a potential gain matrix as a difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; computing a nominal gain based at least in part on the potential gain matrix; and combining the nominal gain and the channel condition value to form a modified channel condition value.

[0243] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1-13, wherein the first set of beams uses a single antenna element and the second set of beams uses a plurality of antenna elements.

[0244] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1-14, wherein the channel condition value is further modified based at least in part on at least one of: a thermal mitigation factor, a geographic location of the UE, an estimated angle of a signal received by the UE or transmitted by the UE, a throughput requirement associated with the UE, a remaining battery power of the UE, or a battery charging status of the UE.

[0245] Aspect 16: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of aspects 1-15.

[0246] Aspect 17: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-15.

[0247] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1-15.

[0248] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in one or more of aspects 1-15.

[0249] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-15.

[0250] The foregoing disclosure provides illustrations and descriptions, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit these aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various practices.

[0251] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented as a combination of hardware, firmware, and / or hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware, firmware, and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting in these respects. Therefore, while the operation and behavior of systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, it should be understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement systems and / or methods, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein.

[0252] As used in this article, depending on the context, a threshold can refer to a value that is greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0253] Even if a specific combination of features is recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of aspects. In fact, many of these features can be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of aspects includes every dependent claim combined with every other claim in the claim set. The phrase “at least one” in the list of items refers to any combination of those items that include a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination having multiple identical elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0254] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, no element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or necessary. Additionally, as used herein, the articles “a” and “one” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination of related and unrelated items, etc.) and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Additionally, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series of forms and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless otherwise expressly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “any” or “only one”).

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Perform cell search using the first beam set; Send a measurement report including modified channel condition values, which are at least in part based on the following: Based at least in part on the channel condition values ​​of the cell search performed; The beam selected from the first beam set; A second beam set, associated with an antenna array having the same selected beam, wherein the second beam set is included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE, and wherein the second beam set uses more antenna elements than the first beam set; and The third beam set is associated with an antenna array that has the same number of selected beams and uses the same number of antenna elements as the first beam set.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second beam set is not used to perform the cell search.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the cell search is performed in association with adding cells for dual connectivity.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected beam is at least in part based on the strongest beam measured in the first beam set during the cell search.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second beam set has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the modified channel condition value is further based at least in part on one or more gain parameters calculated for the second beam set.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to the maximum gain associated with the second beam set in the respective direction.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the third beam set has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the modified channel condition value is further based at least in part on one or more gain parameters calculated for the third beam set.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to the maximum gain associated with the third beam set in the respective direction.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the channel condition value comprises: Identify the first gain matrix used for the third beam set; Identify the second gain matrix used for the second beam set; Calculate the potential gain matrix, which is the difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; The nominal gain is calculated at least in part based on the potential gain matrix; as well as The nominal gain and the channel condition value are combined to form the modified channel condition value.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first beam set uses a single antenna element, and the second beam set uses multiple antenna elements.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified channel condition value is further based at least in part on at least one of the following: Heat-relieving factors, The geographical location of the UE, The estimated angle of the signal received or transmitted by the UE. Throughput requirements associated with the UE The remaining battery power of the UE, or The battery charging status of the UE.

14. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: At least one memory including instructions; as well as At least one processor, the at least one processor being configured to execute the instructions to cause the UE to: Perform cell search using the first beam set; Send a measurement report including modified channel condition values, which are at least in part based on the following: Based at least in part on the channel condition values ​​of the cell search performed; The beam selected from the first beam set; A second beam set, associated with an antenna array having the same selected beam, wherein the second beam set is included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE, and wherein the second beam set uses more antenna elements than the first beam set; and The third beam set is associated with an antenna array that has the same number of selected beams and uses the same number of antenna elements as the first beam set.

15. The UE of claim 14, wherein the second beam set is not used to perform the cell search.

16. The UE of claim 14, wherein the cell search is performed in association with the addition of a cell for dual connectivity.

17. The UE of claim 14, wherein the selected beam is at least in part based on the strongest beam measured in the first beam set during the cell search.

18. The UE of claim 14, wherein the second beam set has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

19. The UE of claim 18, wherein the modified channel condition value is further based at least in part on one or more gain parameters calculated for the second beam set.

20. The UE of claim 19, wherein each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to the maximum gain associated with the second beam set in the respective direction.

21. The UE of claim 14, wherein the third beam set has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

22. The UE of claim 21, wherein the modified channel condition value is further based at least in part on one or more gain parameters calculated for the third beam set.

23. The UE of claim 22, wherein each of the one or more gain parameters corresponds to the maximum gain associated with the third beam set in the respective direction.

24. The UE of claim 14, wherein when the channel condition value is modified, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions to cause the UE to: Identify the first gain matrix used for the third beam set; Identify the second gain matrix used for the second beam set; Calculate the potential gain matrix, which is the difference between the first gain matrix and the second gain matrix; The nominal gain is calculated at least in part based on the potential gain matrix; as well as The nominal gain and the channel condition value are combined to form the modified channel condition value.

25. The UE of claim 14, wherein the first beam set uses a single antenna element, and the second beam set uses multiple antenna elements.

26. The UE of claim 14, wherein the modified channel condition value is further based at least in part on at least one of the following: Heat-relieving factors, The geographical location of the UE, The estimated angle of the signal received or transmitted by the UE. Throughput requirements associated with the UE The remaining battery power of the UE, or The battery charging status of the UE.

27. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising: One or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: Perform cell search using the first beam set; Send a measurement report including modified channel condition values, which are at least in part based on the following: Based at least in part on the channel condition values ​​of the cell search performed; The beam selected from the first beam set; A second beam set, associated with an antenna array having the same selected beam, wherein the second beam set is included in a beamforming codebook associated with the UE, and wherein the second beam set uses more antenna elements than the first beam set; and The third beam set is associated with an antenna array that has the same number of selected beams and uses the same number of antenna elements as the first beam set.

28. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the third beam set has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: Components used to perform cell search using the first beam set; A component for transmitting a measurement report including modified channel condition values, said modified channel condition values ​​being based at least in part on: Based at least in part on the channel condition values ​​of the cell search performed; The beam selected from the first beam set; A second beam set, associated with an antenna array having the same selected beam, wherein the second beam set is included in a beamforming codebook associated with the device, and wherein the second beam set uses more antenna elements than the first beam set; and The third beam set is associated with an antenna array that has the same number of selected beams and uses the same number of antenna elements as the first beam set.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the third beam set has a spatial relationship with the selected beam.

31. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-13.

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