Actuator for a vehicle component
By designing a three-piece stator structure, the inner stator component and the outer stator component are integrated to form two magnetic circuits, which solves the problems of large structural space requirements and high cost of existing actuators in vehicle components, and achieves a compact, reliable and flexible adjustment effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BROSE FAHRZEUGTEILE GMBH & CO KG
- Filing Date
- 2021-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing actuators in vehicle components suffer from problems such as large structural space requirements, high cost, and complex manufacturing, especially in internal space components where simple and reliable adjustment is difficult to achieve.
The stator adopts a three-piece structure, including an inner stator component and two outer stator components on both sides. The inner stator component is integrally formed and cooperates with the outer stator component to form two magnetic circuits, which simplifies the manufacturing process and saves structural space.
It achieves a compact and reliable actuator design, reduces manufacturing costs, and improves variability and adjustment flexibility, making it suitable for simple adjustments of components in the vehicle's interior space.
Smart Images
Figure CN116137942B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to an actuator according to the preamble of claim 1. Background Technology
[0002] Such actuators include electric motors, which have a stator and a rotor that can rotate relative to the stator about a rotation axis.
[0003] Such actuators are particularly useful for adjusting vehicle components. In this case, the actuator, for example, has a transmission mechanism that can be driven by an electric motor, and the transmission mechanism is configured with an output end for adjusting the vehicle component. The rotor is operatively connected to the transmission mechanism, so that the adjusting force can be introduced into the transmission mechanism via the rotor, and then into the vehicle component via the transmission mechanism.
[0004] Such actuators are used, for example, to adjust vehicle components that are interior space parts, such as components of a vehicle seat, or other adjusting components, such as those on the dashboard or center console (e.g., in the form of storage devices, cover devices, flap devices, or the like). However, such actuators can also be used to drive other components, such as vibration devices in vehicle seats.
[0005] In principle, it can be assumed that in the interior space of future vehicles, completely different components can be driven by electric motors, where separate actuators are used to drive the different components, these actuators are placed on their respective components, and controlled, for example, via a central controller.
[0006] In principle, there is a need for space-saving layout schemes in such actuators, especially so that actuators can be used on components without significantly increasing the structural space required for the associated components. In principle, there is also a desire for low-cost structural forms that are simple to manufacture, reliable in operation, and also offer variable availability.
[0007] For example, actuators of this type can be designed as so-called claw-pole stepper motors. In such claw-pole stepper motors, the stator is typically implemented as a stator component in the form of stator laminations, around which stator coils are wound, as described, for example, in EP 0 780 956 A1 or EP 0 043 068B1.
[0008] In such claw-pole stepper motors, the stator typically consists of multiple stator components. For example, JP 4216369B2 discloses a claw-pole stepper motor in which the stator is formed by two pairs of stator components facing each other with their stator poles, wherein each pair of stator components is equipped with a stator coil to feed magnetic flux to the stator components (which realize the back iron sheet). Here, the stator coil is not wound around the stator components, but is arranged adjacent to and laterally to the stator components, and is therefore offset relative to the stator components in an eccentric manner.
[0009] An electric motor with a multi-part stator is known from DE 10 2006 034 567 A1, wherein the stator components are placed relative to each other with stator magnetic poles facing each other. The rotor is rotatable relative to the stator formed in this way and is operatively connected to a transmission device to provide output. Summary of the Invention
[0010] The objective of this invention is to provide an actuator that can be simply constructed and has a compact structural space, while also having variable availability, for driving vehicle components, particularly interior space components.
[0011] This task is solved by a subject matter having the features of claim 1.
[0012] Therefore, the stator has an inner stator component, a first outer stator component, and a second outer stator component. The inner stator component, the first outer stator component, and the second outer stator component are arranged sequentially along the rotation axis. The inner stator component has a first inner stator magnetic pole on a first side axially facing the first outer stator component, and a second inner stator magnetic pole on a second side axially facing the second outer stator component. The first inner stator magnetic pole and the second inner stator magnetic pole are integrally and uniformly connected to each other.
[0013] In the actuator, the stator is thus constructed in at least three parts, having an inner stator component and outer stator components axially offset from the inner stator component on both sides. The inner stator component is configured with a first inner stator magnetic pole, which faces and cooperates with the first outer stator component. The inner stator component is also configured with a second inner stator magnetic pole, which faces and cooperates with the second outer stator component. Here, the stator magnetic poles cooperate with the corresponding outer stator components to form a magnetic circuit, thereby forming two magnetic circuits via the inner stator component.
[0014] Because the first and second stator poles of the inner stator component are integrated and integrally formed, a simple structural form is obtained, in which the inner stator component can be integrally formed as a whole. The cooperation of the single inner stator component and the outer stator components arranged on both sides is sufficient to form two magnetic circuits. This results in a simple structural form, which is easy to manufacture and also provides a stable design.
[0015] In one design, the inner stator component has a first main body section, on which a first stator magnetic pole is formed. The first main body section and a second main body section are integrally and integrally formed, and a second stator magnetic pole is arranged on the second main body section. Therefore, the inner stator component can be integrally and integrally formed as a whole, having two main body sections, which on one hand constitute the first inner stator magnetic pole, and on the other hand constitute the second inner stator magnetic pole.
[0016] The one-piece design of the inner stator components can save process steps in stator manufacturing, eliminating the need for connection steps to link the independent inner stator components (which would be necessary if the inner stator poles were constructed on separate components). This reduces manufacturing time and costs.
[0017] For example, the inner stator component can be integrally and integrally formed as a stamped and bent component. The stator component can be formed from sheet metal, preferably a soft magnetic sheet metal, in this way, wherein the stator component can be manufactured by stamping from the sheet metal and then bent into a circular shape, for example, corresponding to the basic shape of a cylinder, so that the inner stator component can accommodate the rotor in a rotatable manner.
[0018] The outer stator components are also formed from soft magnetic materials, for example, as stamped and bent components.
[0019] In one design, the first outer stator component is configured with a first outer stator magnetic pole for electromagnetic cooperation with the first inner stator magnetic pole. Alternatively or additionally, the second outer stator component may be configured with a second outer stator magnetic pole for electromagnetic cooperation with the second inner stator magnetic pole. The first inner stator magnetic pole of the inner stator component faces the first outer stator magnetic pole of the first outer stator component in such a way that the stator magnetic poles are interlocked with each other, for example, in the form of axially extending fingers. Correspondingly, the second inner stator magnetic pole of the inner stator component mates with and faces the second outer stator magnetic pole of the second outer stator component in such a way that the second inner stator magnetic pole and the second outer stator magnetic pole are interlocked with each other, for example, in the form of axially extending fingers. Thus, two pairs of stator magnetic pole arrangements are formed, which can each constitute a magnetic circuit and can each be associated with a stator coil, thereby feeding magnetic flux into the respective associated magnetic circuit.
[0020] In one design, the first outer stator pole and the first inner stator pole are interlocked, such that the first outer stator pole and the first inner stator pole are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction pointing about the axis of rotation. Alternatively or additionally, the second outer stator pole and the second inner stator pole are interlocked, such that the second outer stator pole and the second inner stator pole are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction pointing about the axis of rotation. The inner stator poles and their respective associated outer stator poles preferably extend axially from their respective main body sections of the stator components in the form of finger-like elements. The finger-like stator poles of the inner stator components and the finger-like stator poles of the respective associated outer stator components are interlocked in an alternating manner, thereby providing (when viewed circumferentially) a sequence of stator poles in which one outer stator pole follows one inner stator pole, and one inner stator pole follows one outer stator pole. This results in a first magnetic circuit between the first inner stator pole and the first outer stator pole, and a second magnetic circuit between the second inner stator pole and the second outer stator pole. Each magnetic circuit can be fed via its associated stator coils in such a way that a permanent magnet rotor, for example, can be rotated in the manner of a claw-pole stepper motor.
[0021] In one design, viewed along an imaginary envelope that circumferentially surrounds the inner stator components around the axis of rotation, the first and second inner stator magnetic poles are trapezoidal. This envelope corresponds to an imaginary cylindrical surface that surrounds the cylindrical portion of the stator.
[0022] The outer stator poles can preferably be formed in a complementary manner to the inner stator poles, so that the first outer stator pole and the first inner stator pole are interlocked in a complementary manner, and the second outer stator pole and the second inner stator pole are interlocked in a complementary manner. This results in a relatively small air gap between adjacent stator poles.
[0023] In one design, viewed circumferentially around the axis of rotation, the first and second inner stator magnetic poles are offset from each other by an angular offset. The first inner stator magnetic poles are arranged periodically along the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation. Similarly, the second inner stator magnetic poles are also arranged periodically along the circumferential direction of rotation. However, there is an angular offset in the periodic sequence of the first and second inner stator magnetic poles, so that the first and second inner stator magnetic poles are not axially aligned with each other, but are offset from each other by a certain angle in the circumferential direction.
[0024] The angular offset can, for example, be less than or equal to one-quarter of the period angle, wherein the period angle is determined by the angular distance between two adjacent first inner stator magnetic poles or, correspondingly, by the angular distance between two adjacent second inner stator magnetic poles.
[0025] For example, in a 10-pole stator, five first inner stator poles are assigned to five first outer stator poles, and five second inner stator poles are assigned to five second outer stator poles. The periodic angular distance between adjacent first inner stator poles and between corresponding adjacent second inner stator poles is 72°. If the angular offset between the first and second inner stator poles is, for example, equivalent to one-quarter of the periodic angular distance, then the angular offset is 18°.
[0026] By varying the angular offset between the inner stator magnetic poles and the corresponding magnetic circuits, a claw-pole stepper motor type with a small step size can be obtained. Here, the rotor can be designed as a permanent magnet, having magnet arrangements on the rotor, each magnet being associated with one of the magnetic circuits, and oriented without angular offset when the magnetic circuits are arranged in an angular offset manner.
[0027] In one design, the motor has a first stator coil and a second stator coil. Here, the inner stator component may be configured with at least one first embedded section that is embedded in the first stator coil and thus carries the first stator coil. Furthermore, the inner stator component may also be configured with at least one second embedded section that is embedded in the second stator coil and thus carries the second stator coil.
[0028] In particular, the interlocking sections can be formed outside the radial direction of the stator poles, for example, as tongues on the bent ends of the inner stator components formed as stamped and bent parts. Chamfers can be formed on these inner interlocking sections, which enable the interlocking sections to be easily inserted into the coil bodies of their respective stator coils.
[0029] Advantageously, an externally inserted section is also formed on the outer stator component, which is used to insert into the stator coil and, together with the inserted section of the inner stator component, carries the stator coil. For example, the first outer stator component may have at least one first externally inserted section, which overlaps with at least one first internally inserted section and is inserted into the first stator coil. Alternatively or additionally, the second outer stator component may have at least one second externally inserted section, which overlaps with at least one second internally inserted section and is inserted into the second stator coil. The externally inserted section may also be formed as a tongue on the end of the outer stator component, which is formed as a stamped and bent part, wherein the externally inserted section and the internally inserted section of the inner stator component jointly carry the stator coil and thus close their respective magnetic circuits.
[0030] For example, the inner stator component can be constructed with two first inner-embedded sections and two second inner-embedded sections. Furthermore, each outer stator component can be constructed with two outer-embedded sections. Here, the first outer-embedded sections of the first outer stator component can overlap with the first inner-embedded sections of the inner stator component and be arranged alternately in a sandwich structure, thus forming a lamination group with the first inner-embedded sections, on which the first stator coil is arranged. Correspondingly, the second outer-embedded sections of the second outer stator component can also overlap with the second inner-embedded sections of the inner stator component and be arranged alternately in a sandwich structure, thus forming a lamination group with the second inner-embedded sections, on which the second stator coil is arranged.
[0031] The external interlocking section can also have chamfers on its edges, which makes it easy to connect the interlocking section to the stator coil.
[0032] In one design, the first stator coil and the second stator coil each have a coil body and coil windings arranged on the coil body. For example, the coil body may be constructed with an insertion opening into which an inner insertion section of the inner stator component and a corresponding outer insertion section of the outer stator component are inserted. By providing chamfers to the insertion sections, insertion into the insertion opening can be facilitated, thus simplifying the stator assembly.
[0033] In one design, the coil body has a winding section on which the coil winding is arranged. Preferably, the winding section has a convex shape to avoid sharp edges and allow the coil winding to be wound around the winding section in a space-saving manner. This results in a force-locked and tightly wrapped arrangement of the winding wire on the winding section, wherein a molding compound, such as a castable, can be additionally arranged on the winding section to encapsulate the coil winding. In this way, wire movement due to electromagnetic forces during operation can be prevented, thus avoiding noise generation on the stator coil.
[0034] In one design, the motor includes a control unit. The coil winding of each stator coil is electrically connected to the control unit via at least one wire end, i.e., by means of material locking (material engagement), connecting the wire end to the circuit board of the control unit.
[0035] It is also conceivable that the stator coil has a connecting pin, the wire end of the coil winding is connected to the connecting pin, and the connecting pin can facilitate the establishment of a solder connection with the circuit board of the control unit.
[0036] In one design, the rotor has a first magnet assembly corresponding to a first inner stator pole assembly and a second magnet assembly corresponding to a second inner stator pole assembly. The first and second magnet assemblies are offset from each other along the rotation axis. For example, each magnet assembly may be formed by an arrangement of different magnetized sections on one or more permanent magnets or magnetic bodies. The magnet assemblies cooperate with the magnetic circuit of the stator poles and enable the rotor to be driven in a step-by-step manner as a claw-pole stepper motor, in which the rotor can be adjusted in discontinuous steps such that the rotor and the magnet assemblies arranged thereon follow the magnetic field at the stator magnetic circuit.
[0037] For example, a first magnet may be configured to cooperate with a first inner stator pole to generate rotation on the rotor, while a second magnet may be configured to cooperate with a second inner stator pole to generate torque on the rotor. Thus, the first magnet cooperates with a first magnetic circuit formed via the first inner stator pole. Correspondingly, the second magnet cooperates with a second magnetic circuit formed via the second inner stator pole. These magnets, in cooperation with the magnetic circuits, jointly generate torque on the rotor.
[0038] Preferably, the magnetic devices can be positioned relative to each other, for example, on the motor shaft of the rotor, in a simple manner. For example, the first magnetic device has at least one first shape-locking element, while the second magnetic device is configured with at least one second shape-locking element. When the magnetic devices are, for example, mounted on the motor shaft, at least one first shape-locking element and at least one second shape-locking element are engaged with each other, thereby automatically positioning the magnetic devices in predetermined rotational positions relative to each other.
[0039] Each shape-locking element may be formed, for example, on the axially facing end of the respective magnet facility, and may be in the form of a protrusion or a recess. The respective other magnet facility has complementary shape-locking elements, such that the shape-locking elements can be positioned in interlocking with each other, and the magnet facilities can be rotated relative to each other in a defined manner.
[0040] However, in another design, a single magnet assembly can be integrated on the rotor and arranged as a unit on the motor shaft. Here, the magnet assembly is configured to cooperate with both the first and second inner stator poles to generate torque on the rotor. For example, the magnet assembly may include one or more permanent magnets or different magnetized sections on a magnet.
[0041] In one design, the actuator has a transmission mechanism driven by an electric motor, which is configured with an output end for adjusting vehicle components. For example, this output end consists of an output gear that can be driven by the transmission mechanism. For instance, the output gear can be operatively connected to the motor shaft via one or more transmission gears, so that the output gear can be driven by the motor and can be rotated (stepping). Adjusting force can be sent to the associated vehicle components via the output gear, thereby adjusting the vehicle components.
[0042] For example, the output gear may be configured with a first output element and a second output element different from the first output element. The first output element may be formed on a first side of the output gear, while the second output element is formed on a second side of the output gear opposite to the first side.
[0043] Variable interfaces for connecting the actuator to the vehicle assembly to be adjusted can be provided via different output elements. Therefore, the vehicle assembly can be selectively coupled to either a first or a second output element to introduce adjusting force into the vehicle assembly. The first output element can, for example, be formed as a pinion gear, which engages with a corresponding meshing element of the vehicle assembly via an external meshing portion, thereby driving the vehicle assembly. Conversely, the second output element can, for example, be formed as a meshing engagement portion, which is configured as a gear ring and can be form-fitted, for example, coupled to a shaft.
[0044] In another design, the actuator can be used to drive, for example, a vibrating device, whereby the actuator generates vibration via an unbalanced element connected to a rotor. In this case, the motor can be, for example, firmly connected to the component to be driven, wherein the unbalanced element is rotated by driving the rotor, thereby inducing a vibratory motion on the motor, which is transmitted to the component to be driven and thus excites the component to vibrate.
[0045] In this design, the unbalance element is connected to the rotor and has a section eccentric relative to the rotor's axis of rotation to provide unbalance on the rotor. For example, the eccentric section extends radially from the rotor, giving the unbalance element an overall eccentric shape and thus providing unbalance to the rotor.
[0046] In one design, the unbalanced element is arranged outside the stator formed by the inner stator component, the first outer stator component, and the second outer stator component. Therefore, the unbalanced element (axially) is located outside the stator and connected to the rotor there. If the rotor is driven to rotate, the unbalanced element rotates outside the stator. This results in a simple arrangement with simple components that can be easily joined.
[0047] In another design, the unbalance element is arranged within the inner stator assembly. The unbalance element is axially located on a portion of the inner stator assembly and radially arranged within it. For example, the unbalance element can be positioned between a first magnet assembly corresponding to a first inner stator pole and a second magnet assembly corresponding to a second inner stator pole. In this case, the unbalance element is thus integrated into the motor. This results in a space-saving arrangement where the unbalance element does not require additional structural space.
[0048] Actuators of this type can, in principle, be constructed with very different numbers of poles. For example, actuators can therefore be configured with 8, 10, or 12 poles, among other conceivable numbers. The number of poles refers to the total number of stator poles in each magnetic circuit. For example, in a 10-pole motor, the inner stator assembly has five first inner stator poles and five corresponding first outer stator poles for the first magnetic circuit, and five second inner stator poles and five corresponding second outer stator poles for the second magnetic circuit.
[0049] Stator components, particularly as back iron sheets, are used to provide different magnetic circuits, wherein each magnetic circuit is preferably fitted with stator coils for feeding (time-varying) magnetic flux. The stator components are preferably integrally and monolithically formed from soft magnetic materials, especially soft iron. Attached Figure Description
[0050] The concept of the present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the figures. Wherein:
[0051] Figure 1 A view showing one embodiment of the actuator;
[0052] Figure 2 Another view of the actuator is shown;
[0053] Figure 3 A view of the actuator without its housing is shown;
[0054] Figure 4 A view showing the components that make up the motor, including the actuator;
[0055] Figure 5 A separate view of the motor shaft is shown, on which a magnet assembly is arranged;
[0056] Figure 6 An exploded view of one embodiment of a stator composed of stator components, having associated stator coils;
[0057] Figure 7 A combined view of the stator is shown;
[0058] Figure 8 An exploded perspective view of the stator components;
[0059] Figure 9A A view showing one embodiment of the magnet arrangement of the rotor in a separated position;
[0060] Figure 9B A view showing the magnet assembly in the engaged position;
[0061] Figure 10 A view showing another embodiment of a magnet arrangement on a motor shaft;
[0062] Figure 11 A view showing one embodiment of a stator coil;
[0063] Figure 12A A side view of the stator coil is shown;
[0064] Figure 12B Showing according to Figure 12A A cross-sectional view along line AA;
[0065] Figure 13 A view showing one embodiment of the actuator is provided, which includes a motor having an unbalanced element for generating vibration; and
[0066] Figure 14 A view showing another embodiment of the actuator, which has a motor with an unbalanced element. Detailed Implementation
[0067] Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of actuator 1 is shown, which is used to adjust vehicle components, such as interior space components, such as those on vehicle seats, dashboards, center consoles, ventilation systems, or other adjustment devices in the vehicle.
[0068] The actuator 1 has a housing 10 that encloses an electric motor and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism specifically includes an output gear 33, which forms the output end for driving the vehicle assembly 4, as illustrated in [the diagram / illustration]. Figure 2 As shown in the image.
[0069] from Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen from different sides of actuator 1 in the view and as will be explained below, the output gear has two different output elements 331 and 332, which can be coupled to vehicle assembly 4 and can be selectively used by the user. The first output element 331 here has the shape of a pinion. In contrast, the second output element 332, formed on the side of output gear 33 opposite to the pinion 331, has the shape of an engaging portion, which has an internal engaging portion for coupling, for example, with a shaft.
[0070] Figure 3 Actuator 1 without housing 10 is shown. Figure 4 The electric motor 2 of actuator 1 is shown, and Figure 5 An embodiment of the motor shaft 210 of the electric motor 2 is shown, on which magnet facilities 211 and 212 are arranged.
[0071] In the illustrated embodiment, the electric motor 2 is implemented by a claw-pole stepper motor, which has a stator 20 and a rotor 21 that can rotate relative to the stator 20 about a rotation axis D. The rotor 21 carries a transmission element in the form of a drive worm 30, which engages with the cylindrical gear engagement portion 310 of the transmission gear 31 of the transmission device 3 via a worm engagement portion 300, and is thus used to introduce force to the gear 3.
[0072] The transmission device 30 has multiple transmission gears 31 and 32, which form a transmission ratio chain to transfer force from the electric motor 2 to the output gear 33. Transmission gear 31 forms a pinion 311, which meshes with the cylindrical gear meshing portion 320 of transmission gear 32. Transmission gear 32 forms a pinion 321, which meshes with the cylindrical gear meshing portion 330 of the output gear 33. Because the diameters of the pinions 311 and 321 of transmission gears 31 and 32 are (significantly) smaller than the diameters of the cylindrical gear meshing portions 310, 320, and 330 of transmission gears 31 and 32 and the output gear 33, the transmission device 3 provides a (force) transmission ratio for adjusting vehicle component 4.
[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the transmission device 30 and the electric motor 2 are together encased in the housing 10 of the actuator 1. Output elements 331 and 332, via the output gear 33, provide an output terminal through which variable coupling with the vehicle component 4 can be achieved. The output elements 331 and 332 can be selectively used by the user, thereby achieving variability in the coupling between the actuator 1 and the vehicle component 4 to be adjusted.
[0074] The stator 20 of the electric motor 2 is composed of stator components 25, 26, and 27, which provide back iron sheets for conducting (time-varying) magnetic flux. Stator components 25, 26, and 27 implement two magnetic circuits, each equipped with stator coils 22 and 23. Coil windings 220 and 230 are arranged on the stator coils for feeding magnetic flux, such as... Figure 4 As can be seen, the rotor 21 can be progressively adjusted in cooperation with the (permanent magnet) magnet facilities 211, 212 via the fed magnetic flux, wherein the step size is determined by the arrangement and sequence of the stator magnetic poles of the stator 20, which will be explained below. Each magnetic circuit here is associated with one magnet facility 211, 212 of the rotor 21.
[0075] It should be noted that rotor 21 may also have only one magnet facility 211', which will be referred to below. Figure 10 To explain.
[0076] exist Figures 6-8 In the embodiment of the stator 20 shown, the stator 20 is formed by an inner stator component 25 and two outer stator components 26, 27 that engage with the inner stator component 25. In the engagement position, as... Figure 7 As shown, stator components 25, 26, and 27 are arranged sequentially along the rotation axis D around which the rotor 21 rotates relative to the stator 20, and are engaged with each other such that stator magnetic poles 252, 253, 261, and 271 are interlocked in a finger-like manner, and are arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction pointing about the rotation axis D for each magnetic circuit.
[0077] The inner stator component 25 is integrally and integrally formed as a single component. The inner stator component 25 is formed, for example, from a soft magnetic sheet material as a stamped and bent component.
[0078] Similarly, the outer stator components 26 and 27 are integrally formed from soft magnetic sheet metal as stamping and bending components.
[0079] The inner stator component 25 is constructed with a first inner stator magnetic pole 252, which faces the first outer stator component 26 of the outer stator components 26 and 27, and is embedded between the first outer stator magnetic poles 261 of the corresponding outer stator component 26. This is from Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen from the combined diagram, the first inner stator magnetic pole 252 is formed on the annular main body section 250 of the inner stator component 25 and extends axially from the main body section 250. In contrast, the first outer stator magnetic pole 261 is formed on the annular main body section 260 of the first outer stator component 26 and extends axially toward the inner stator component 25.
[0080] The inner stator component 25 also has a second inner stator magnetic pole 253, which is finger-shaped and interlocked between the second outer stator magnetic poles 271 of the second outer stator component 27. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen from the combined diagram, the second inner stator magnetic pole 253 is formed on the annular second main body section 251 of the inner stator component 25 and extends axially towards the second outer stator component 27 along the rotation axis D. The second outer stator magnetic pole 271 is formed on the annular main body section 270 of the second outer stator component 27 and extends axially towards the inner stator component 25.
[0081] from Figure 6 Combination Figure 8As can be seen, the first main body section 250 of the inner stator component 25 is separated from the second main body section 251 by means of a circumferentially extending slot 254, namely two slots 254 arranged in sequence. In this way, the magnetic circuit is decoupled, so that the magnetic flux fed in through the stator coils 22 and 23 flows essentially only in their respective magnetic circuits.
[0082] from Figure 7 It can be seen that the stator magnetic poles 252, 261; 253, 271 of their respective magnetic circuits are arranged alternately, so that the stator magnetic poles 252, 261; 253, 271 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. Observing along the envelope of the cylindrical part surrounding the stator 20, the stator magnetic poles 252, 261; 253, 271 are trapezoidal here, in which the stator magnetic poles 252, 261; 253, 271 gradually taper towards the other stator components 25, 26, 27, and interlock with each other while forming a relatively narrow and uniform gap.
[0083] The magnets 211 and 212 on the motor shaft 210 of rotor 21 are located within the magnetic circuits formed by stator magnetic poles 252, 261; 253, 271, respectively, and are driven by the feeding of magnetic flux. According to the working principle of the claw-pole stepper motor, rotor 21 follows the magnetic field of stator 20, thereby allowing rotor 21 to be adjusted in steps.
[0084] like Figure 6 As illustrated, the stator poles of the magnetic circuit are offset from each other by an angular offset α in the circumferential direction. Therefore, there is an angular offset α between the centerline M1 of the first inner stator pole 252 and the centerline M2 of the second inner stator pole 253, which is axially adjacent to the first inner stator pole 252. The angular offset α corresponds to the angle at which the periodic arrangement of the first and second inner stator poles 252 and 253 is offset from each other in the circumferential direction. The angular offset α is, for example, less than 1 / 4 of the periodic angle of the inner stator poles 252 and 253.
[0085] In the illustrated embodiment, the stator 20 is designed with 10 poles. Therefore, five first inner stator poles 252 are associated with five first outer stator poles 261, and five second inner stator poles 253 are associated with five second outer stator poles 271. This results in a 10-pole arrangement for each magnetic circuit. The period angle of the inner stator poles 252, 253 is 72°. If the angular offset α is only 1 / 4 of this period angle, then the angular offset α is 18°.
[0086] A relatively small step size can be adjusted for the stepper motor by means of the angular offset α. The magnet facilities 211 and 212 of the rotor 21 are arranged aligned with each other and their magnetic poles are not offset from each other in the circumferential direction.
[0087] Each magnetic circuit is equipped with stator coils 22 and 23, which is from Figure 4 Combination Figure 6 As can be seen, the stator components 25, 26, and 27 (which realize the back iron sheet) are formed into cylindrical stator components 25, 26, and 27 as stamping and bending components, and have interlocking sections 255, 256, 262, and 263; 257, 258, 272, and 273 formed at their ends. These interlocking sections are arranged in a sandwich-like manner and overlap each other alternately. Figure 7 The stator coils 22 and 23 are provided respectively.
[0088] Therefore, first inner stator segments 255 and 256 are formed on the inner stator component 25, pointing toward the first outer stator component 26, and are arranged alternately and overlappingly with the first outer stator segments 262 and 263 of the first outer stator component 26. Figure 7 As can be seen, the interlocking sections 255, 256, 262, and 263 are all interlocked into the coil body of the stator coil 22 to which they belong, and each has chamfers 259 and 264 on the surrounding edge to facilitate engagement with the stator coil 22.
[0089] Furthermore, the inner stator component 25 is constructed with second inner interlocking sections 257 and 258, which overlap and alternate with the second outer interlocking sections 272 and 273 of the second outer stator component 27. Figure 7 As can be seen from this, again, the interlocking sections 257, 258, 272, and 273 have chamfers 259 and 274 on their surrounding edges to facilitate engagement with the coil body of the associated stator coil 23. The interlocking sections 257, 258, 272, and 273 together again constitute the support for the associated stator coil 23.
[0090] Since the interlocking sections 255, 256, 262, 263; 257, 258, 272, 273 for each magnetic circuit are arranged in a sandwich configuration and are interlocked into the coil bodies of their respective stator coils 22, 23, the stator components 25, 26, 27 are positioned relative to each other via the interlocking sections 255, 256, 262, 263; 257, 258, 272, 273. The stator components 25, 26, 27 are held relative to each other via the interlocking sections 255, 256, 262, 263; 257, 258, 272, 273, and are positioned relative to each other in a prescribed manner by being interlocked into their respective stator coils 22, 23.
[0091] Because the inner stator component 25 is integrally and integrally manufactured, the rigidity of the stator 20 is improved. Furthermore, the electric motor 2 is easier to manufacture because the assembly process for the separate inner stator component can be eliminated.
[0092] Because chamfers 259, 264, and 274 are formed on the surrounding edges of the interlocking sections 255, 256, 262, 263; 257, 258, 272, 273, simple engagement of the stator components 25, 264, 274 with each other and with the stator coils 22, 23 is achieved, and the stator components 25, 26, 27 and the stator coils 22, 23 are accurately positioned with each other.
[0093] from Figure 5 As can be seen, the magnets 211 and 212 of the rotor 21 are arranged on the motor shaft 210 and fixed thereon to resist relative rotation. Due to the angular offset α between the magnetic circuits, it is possible to arrange the magnets 211 and 212 at an angularly offset from each other without the need for their magnetic poles to be arranged. Here, general-purpose components can be used for the magnets 211 and 212, resulting in simple and inexpensive manufacturing.
[0094] To ensure that magnet facilities 211 and 212 are correctly positioned at the correct angle, magnet facilities 211 and 212 can be positioned as follows: Figure 9A and 9B As shown, shape-locking elements 213 and 214, which are respectively in the form of raised portions and / or recessed portions, will interlock with each other in a complementary manner when the magnet facilities 211 and 212 are positioned, and thus automatically position the magnet facilities 211 and 212 at the correct angles due to the interaction of the shape locking. This results in a simple arrangement and engagement of the magnet facilities 211 and 212 on the motor shaft 210.
[0095] exist Figure 10 In another embodiment shown, only one magnet facility 211' is arranged on the motor shaft 210. The magnet facility 211' cooperates with two magnetic circuits formed by the first inner stator magnetic pole 252 and the first outer stator magnetic pole 261 and by the second inner stator magnetic pole 253 and the second outer stator magnetic pole 271, and accordingly extends on the motor shaft 210 in an axial length such that the magnet facility 211' extends into the region of the two magnetic circuits.
[0096] Figure 11 and Figure 12A , Figure 12B A view of stator coil 22 is shown, wherein stator coils 22 and 23 are preferably designed identically and thus combined. Figure 11 and Figure 12A , Figure 12BThe description is also completely consistent and applies to stator coil 23.
[0097] The stator coil 22 has a coil body 221, which is constructed with a winding section 228 on which a coil winding 220 is arranged. The coil winding 220 is formed by wire wound around the winding section 228, and the ends 225, 226 of the wire are led out from the winding section 228 via wire guides 223, 224 and laid towards the circuit board of the control unit 24, as shown below. Figure 11 Combination Figure 3 As can be seen.
[0098] The wire ends 225 and 226 can be directly connected to the circuit board, for example, via a solder joint material. Alternatively, the wire ends 225 and 226 can also be connected to solder pins fixed to the stator coil body 221, through which the stator coil 22 can be inserted into a corresponding opening on the circuit board and soldered together with the circuit board.
[0099] The stator body 221 is constructed with a fitting opening 222, into which the fitting sections 255, 256, 262, and 263 of the matching magnetic circuit of the stator 20 are fitted. Through the fitting opening, the mechanical positioning of the stator coil 22 on the stator components 25, 26, and 27 is achieved, and the feeding of magnetic flux is also realized.
[0100] from Figure 12A and Figure 12B As can be seen, the winding section 228 has a bulging shape without sharp edges. Therefore, the wire constituting the coil winding 220 can be arranged on the winding section 228 in a tightly wrapped manner, wherein, additionally, a molded material 227 in the form of a casting can be used to encapsulate the coil winding 220 in a simple way to prevent the wire from moving during operation and to prevent the generation of accompanying noise.
[0101] Figure 13 An embodiment of actuator 1 is shown, which has a motor 2, which can be designed in the same way as the motor 2 designed according to the above embodiment in terms of its functional components, so that the functional components of motor 2 are referred to the foregoing explanation.
[0102] Specifically, the motor 2 has a stator 20 and a rotor 21 rotatable about a rotation axis. The stator 20 is formed by an inner stator component 25 and outer stator components 26 and 27. Stator coils 22 and 23 are operatively connected to stator components 25, 26, and 27 to generate magnetic flux between the stator poles of the stator 20. Magnet facilities 211 and 212 are arranged on the rotor 21 to provide an excitation field.
[0103] according to Figure 13Actuators are used to generate vibrations, for example, in vibrating devices, to provide a massage function on vehicle seats.
[0104] In the illustrated embodiment, for this purpose, an unbalanced element 28 is arranged on the motor shaft 210 of the rotor 21, axially outside the stator 20 formed by the inner stator component 25 and the outer stator components 26, 27. The unbalanced element 28 has a connecting section 280, through which it is connected to the motor shaft 210. An eccentric section 281 protrudes eccentrically from the motor shaft 210, thereby creating an imbalance on the rotor 21.
[0105] If the rotor 21 is rotated, the imbalance on the rotor 21 causes vibration in the motor 2, which is transmitted to the component to be excited arranged on the motor 2. In this way, the component to be excited vibrates.
[0106] exist Figure 14 In another embodiment shown, the unbalance element 28 is not axially arranged outside the stator 20, but is integrated into the stator 20 in such a way that the unbalance element 28 is axially arranged in (for ease of overview) Figure 14 The unbalance element 28 is located at the position of the inner stator component 25 (not shown in the image), and is radially enclosed within the inner stator component 25. The unbalance element 28 is arranged on the motor shaft 210 between the magnet facilities 211 and 212, which are associated with different stator pole facilities.
[0107] As in accordance with Figure 13 As in the embodiment, the unbalanced element 28 is connected to the motor shaft 210 and rotates when the rotor 21 rotates, thereby causing vibration due to the imbalance of the eccentric section 281 of the unbalanced element 28.
[0108] The basic idea of this invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can also be implemented in other ways.
[0109] A magnetic circuit does not necessarily have an angular offset between its stator poles. A magnetic circuit can also be constructed without an angular offset between them. In this case, for example, the magnetic components on the motor shaft may have an angular offset between them in their pole configurations.
[0110] In the described embodiment, the stator is configured with 10 poles. Therefore, each magnetic circuit has an arrangement of ten stator poles. Other numbers of poles are also conceivable and possible, such as arrangements with 8 or 12 poles.
[0111] Because the stator coils are arranged laterally relative to the stator, a compact structure is achieved, in which the stator diameter can be reduced, especially compared to an arrangement where the stator coils are wound circumferentially around the stator. Therefore, an actuator with a lower structural height and thus less structural space requirement can be provided.
[0112] List of reference numerals
[0113] 1 Actuator
[0114] 10. Shell
[0115] 2 motors
[0116] 20 stators
[0117] 21 Rotors
[0118] 210 motor shaft
[0119] 211 and 212 Magnet Facilities
[0120] 211' Magnet Facility
[0121] 213, 214 Shape-locking elements
[0122] Coils 22 and 23
[0123] 220 and 230 coil windings
[0124] 221 Coil Body
[0125] 222 Fitting opening
[0126] Wire guide section 223, 224
[0127] 225 and 226 wire ends
[0128] 227 Molded material
[0129] 228 Winding Section
[0130] 24. Control Unit (Circuit Board)
[0131] 25 Stator components
[0132] Main sections 250 and 251
[0133] Stator magnetic poles 252 and 253
[0134] 254 gaps
[0135] 255-258 Interlocking Section (Linger)
[0136] 259 Chamfer
[0137] 26 Stator components
[0138] 260 Main Section
[0139] 261 Stator magnetic poles
[0140] 262, 263 Interlocking Sections (Lingers)
[0141] 264 Chamfer
[0142] 27 Stator components
[0143] 270 Main Section
[0144] 271 Stator Poles
[0145] 272, 273 Interlocking Sections (Linger Plate)
[0146] 274 Chamfer
[0147] 28 Unbalanced components
[0148] 280 Connecting Section
[0149] 281 Eccentric Section
[0150] 3. Transmission device
[0151] 30 Drive worm gear
[0152] 300 Worm Gear Engagement Section
[0153] 31 Transmission Gear
[0154] 310 Cylindrical gear meshing part
[0155] 311 small gear
[0156] 32 Transmission Gears
[0157] 320 Cylindrical gear meshing part
[0158] 321 small gear
[0159] 33 Output gear
[0160] 330 Cylindrical gear meshing part
[0161] 331 First output element (pinion)
[0162] 332 Second output element (engaging part)
[0163] 4 Vehicle Components
[0164] α angle
[0165] D Rotation axis
[0166] M1, M2 center lines
Claims
1. An actuator (1) having an electric motor (2) having a stator (20) and a rotor (21) capable of rotating about a rotation axis (D) relative to the stator (20). Its features are, The stator (20) has an inner stator component (25), a first outer stator component (26), and a second outer stator component (27), wherein the inner stator component (25), the first outer stator component (26), and the second outer stator component (27) are arranged sequentially along the rotation axis (D), and the inner stator component (25) has a first inner stator magnetic pole (252) on a first side axially facing the first outer stator component (26), and a second inner stator magnetic pole (253) on a second side axially facing the second outer stator component (27), wherein the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) and the second inner stator magnetic pole (253) are integrally and uniformly connected to each other. The motor (2) has a first stator coil (22) and a second stator coil (23), wherein the inner stator component (25) has at least one first inner connection section (255, 256) embedded in the first stator coil (22) and at least one second inner connection section (257, 258) embedded in the second stator coil (23). The first outer stator component (26) has at least one first outer insertion section (262, 263), which overlaps with the at least one first inner insertion section (255, 256) and is inserted into the first stator coil (22), and / or the second outer stator component (27) has at least one second outer insertion section (272, 273), which overlaps with the at least one second inner insertion section (257, 258) and is inserted into the second stator coil (23).
2. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner stator component (25) has a first body section (250) on which the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) is formed, and the inner stator component has a second body section (251) integrally formed with the first body section (250) and the second inner stator magnetic pole (253) is formed on the second body section.
3. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner stator component (25) is formed as a stamped and bent component.
4. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first outer stator component (26) is provided with a first outer stator magnetic pole (261) for electromagnetic cooperation with the first inner stator magnetic pole (252), and / or the second outer stator component (27) is provided with a second outer stator magnetic pole (271) for electromagnetic cooperation with the second inner stator magnetic pole (253).
5. The actuator (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first outer stator magnetic pole (261) and the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) are interlocked with each other, such that the first outer stator magnetic pole (261) and the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction pointing about the rotation axis (D), and / or the second outer stator magnetic pole (271) and the second inner stator magnetic pole (253) are interlocked with each other, such that the second outer stator magnetic pole (271) and the second inner stator magnetic pole (253) are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction pointing about the rotation axis (D).
6. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Viewed along the imaginary envelope of the inner stator component (25) surrounding the axis of rotation (D) in the circumferential direction, the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) and the second inner stator magnetic pole (253) are trapezoidal.
7. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, When viewed along the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation (D), the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) and the second inner stator magnetic pole (253) have an angular offset (α) relative to each other.
8. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one first embedded segment (255, 256) and / or the at least one second embedded segment (257, 258) have a chamfer (259) on at least one edge.
9. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one first outer interfacing segment (262, 263) and / or the at least one second outer interfacing segment (272, 273) have a chamfer (264, 274) on at least one edge.
10. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stator coil (22) and the second stator coil (23) each have a coil body (221) and coil windings (220, 230) arranged on the coil body (221).
11. The actuator (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The coil body (221) is constructed with a fitting opening (222), and the corresponding inner fitting section (255~258) of the inner stator component (25) is fitted into the fitting opening.
12. The actuator (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The coil body (221) is constructed with a winding section (228), the coil windings (220, 230) are arranged on the winding section and the winding section has a bulging shape.
13. The actuator (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The motor (2) has a control unit (24), wherein the coil winding (220) of each stator coil (22, 23) is electrically connected to the control unit (24) via at least one wire end (225, 226).
14. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (21) has a first magnet facility (211) associated with the facility of the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) and a second magnet facility (212) associated with the facility of the second inner stator magnetic pole (253), wherein the first magnet facility (211) and the second magnet facility (212) are axially offset from each other along the rotation axis (D).
15. The actuator (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first magnet facility (211) is configured to cooperate with the first inner stator magnetic pole (252) to generate torque on the rotor (21), and the second magnet facility (212) is configured to cooperate with the second inner stator magnetic pole (254) to generate torque on the rotor (21).
16. The actuator (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first magnet facility (211) has at least one first shape-locking element (213), and the second magnet facility (212) has at least one second shape-locking element (214), wherein the at least one first shape-locking element (213) and the at least one second shape-locking element (214) are engaged with each other to allow the first magnet facility (211) and the second magnet facility (212) to be rotated relative to each other.
17. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (21) has a magnet facility (211') configured to cooperate with both the first inner stator pole (252) and the second inner stator pole (253) to generate torque on the rotor (21).
18. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that... It has a transmission device (3) that can be driven by the electric motor (2), the transmission device being configured with an output end for adjusting the vehicle component (4), wherein the output end is formed by an output gear (33).
19. The actuator (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The output gear (33) has a first output element (331) and a second output element (332) that is different from the first output element (331).
20. The actuator (1) according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first output element (331) is formed by a pinion gear having an external engagement portion, and the second output element (332) is formed by an engagement portion having an internal engagement portion.
21. The actuator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that... It has an unbalanced element (28) connected to the rotor (21) and has a section (281) eccentric to the axis of rotation (D) to provide unbalance on the rotor (21).
22. The actuator (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The unbalanced element (28) is arranged outside the stator (20) formed by the inner stator component (25), the first outer stator component (26) and the second outer stator component (27).
23. The actuator (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that, The unbalanced element (28) is arranged within the inner stator component (25).