Intelligent Reflecting Surface Communication Phase Shift Matrix Design Method, Device, Equipment and Medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, apparatus, device and medium for designing a phase shift matrix for intelligent reflecting surface communication. The method includes: obtaining the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams, and the base station-user equipment channel state information; based on the channel state information, using a beamforming algorithm to obtain the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams, establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix, and obtaining a channel index map; based on the channel index map, using a channel estimation algorithm to obtain the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, comparing it with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and selecting the corresponding phase shift matrix to communicate with the user. The present invention enables the user equipment to obtain the beam reflected by the intelligent reflecting surface in a timely manner, without the need for online calculation of the phase shift matrix, which can greatly shorten the time and reduce errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method, apparatus, device and medium for designing a communication phase shift matrix of an intelligent reflecting surface, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. Background Art

[0002] It is expected that the communication network capacity will increase by a thousand times in the next decade, and ubiquitous wireless connection will become a reality. However, highly complex networks, high-cost hardware and increasing energy consumption have become key problems faced by future wireless communication. The intelligent reflecting surface stands out with the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption, programmable and easy deployment. The intelligent reflecting surface (RIS) is a programmable two-dimensional metasurface, a plane composed of a large number of passive reflecting units. Each unit can independently apply a controllable amplitude and phase change to the incident signal. The most important characteristic of the RIS is that it can adjust the electromagnetic wave response, reshape the wireless channel between the transceiver devices, improve the received signal strength of the terminal device and achieve interference management. The RIS material can be selected from PIN switch diodes, varactor diodes, liquid crystals, graphene, etc. The electromagnetic characteristics of its surface can be configured through various modulation mechanisms. Since voltage is relatively easy to quantify and can be controlled by a field programmable gate array (FPGA) chip, electrical control has become a common choice. The RIS has the advantages of easy deployment, improved spectrum, green energy saving, good compatibility, etc.

[0003] In order to give full play to the ability of the intelligent reflecting surface to flexibly control the signal propagation environment, it is necessary to select the phase shift matrix of the intelligent reflecting surface in a timely and accurate manner. The traditional calculation method of the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix is generally calculated online by idealizing the signal-to-noise ratio or capacity maximization idea. However, in practical applications, due to the mobility of the user equipment (UE), every time the UE moves to a new position, it is necessary to recalculate the phase shift matrix again. When the RIS unit array is too large, the online calculation time may be too long, resulting in the UE not receiving the signal beam reflected by the RIS, resulting in signal weakening or interruption.

[0004] Based on the analysis of the above problems, it can be seen that in the future research of intelligent reflecting surfaces, there is a real need for a phase shift matrix selection scheme that can be practically applied in engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, computer device and storage medium for designing a communication phase shift matrix of an intelligent reflecting surface, which is practical and feasible in engineering applications, can make the performance loss within an acceptable range as much as possible, and can quickly select the phase shift matrix in a timely manner, so that the user equipment can obtain the beam reflected by the intelligent reflecting surface in a timely manner, without the need to calculate the phase shift matrix online, which can greatly shorten the time and reduce errors.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a phase shift matrix for intelligent reflecting surface communication

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a device for designing a phase shift matrix for intelligent reflecting surface communication.

[0008] The third object of the present invention is to provide a computer device.

[0009] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a storage medium.

[0010] The first object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0011] A method for designing a phase shift matrix for intelligent reflecting surface communication, the method comprising:

[0012] Obtaining the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the base station-user equipment channel state information, and the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams;

[0013] Based on the channel state information, using the beamforming algorithm to obtain the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams, establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix, and obtaining a channel index map;

[0014] Based on the channel index map, using the channel estimation algorithm to obtain the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, comparing it with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and selecting the corresponding phase shift matrix to communicate with the user.

[0015] Further, the obtaining of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams, and the base station-user equipment channel state information specifically includes:

[0016] Designing a corresponding sensing channel based on the distance between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface, and determining the maximum blind area distance;

[0017] Enabling the base station to transmit a sensing signal to obtain the strongest propagation path between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface, and designing the response sensing beamforming vector of the base station according to the strongest propagation path;

[0018] Randomly designing the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix to obtain the departure angle of the intelligent reflecting surface line of sight;

[0019] Through the cooperative sensing between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface, obtaining the equivalent channel between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface, and overcoming the phase ambiguity problem in the equivalent quasi-static channel sensing process by using the line of sight angle between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface;

[0020] By sequentially turning on the intelligent reflecting surface to receive the training sequence sent by the user equipment at the base station, the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams, and the base station-user equipment channel state information are obtained.

[0021] Further, obtaining the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams and the base station-user equipment channel state information specifically includes:

[0022] The base station is made to set two scanning groups in the vertical angle, transmit multiple beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in the horizontal angle, the intelligent reflecting surface reflects the beams to the user equipment, and the two-scale channel estimation algorithm is used to respectively estimate the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information corresponding to these beams, and estimate the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at different beam scanning angles as the base station-user equipment channel state information.

[0023] Further, the operation of making the base station set two scanning groups in the vertical angle, transmit multiple beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in the horizontal angle, the intelligent reflecting surface reflects the beams to the user equipment, and using the two-scale channel estimation algorithm to respectively estimate the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information corresponding to these beams, and estimate the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at different beam scanning angles specifically includes:

[0024] The base station is made to set two scanning groups in the vertical direction according to the first preset angle. In the upper and lower scanning groups, one beam is set according to the second preset angle for beam scanning in the horizontal direction. By horizontally scanning N beams in both the upper and lower scanning groups, a total of 2N beams are scanned;

[0025] During scanning, the two-scale channel estimation system is used to offline estimate the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information corresponding to the 2N beams, and estimate the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at the scanning angles of the 2N beams.

[0026] Further, the operation of obtaining the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams by using the beamforming algorithm based on the channel state information specifically includes:

[0027] Using the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, the base station-user equipment channel state information, and the system parameter configuration, a joint optimization model of the precoding matrix and the phase shift matrix is established under the conditions of limited transmit power and limited phase shift vector angle;

[0028] Set the phase shift vector of the intelligent reflecting surface to an arbitrary value. Under the condition that the transmit power of the base station is limited, by designing the beamforming vector on the base station side according to traversal and capacity, seek the maximum value to obtain the optimal beamforming vector;

[0029] Under the condition that the phase shift angle of the intelligent reflecting surface is limited, according to the positional relationship between the user equipment and the intelligent reflecting surface, by designing the phase shift vector on the intelligent reflecting surface side, maximize the received signal power of the user equipment to obtain the optimal phase shift vector.

[0030] Further, based on the channel index map, use the channel estimation algorithm to obtain the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and compare it with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and select the corresponding phase shift matrix, specifically including:

[0031] Use the two-scale channel estimation system to estimate the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information in real time. According to the channel index map, compare the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information. When the comparison result meets the preset conditions, select the corresponding phase shift matrix.

[0032] Further, the comparison result meets the preset conditions to satisfy the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, F is the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, F i is the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information corresponding to each beam i, and ε is the error value.

[0035] The second object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0036] An intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design device, the device includes:

[0037] A channel state information acquisition module, used to acquire the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the base station-user equipment channel state information, and the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams;

[0038] A channel index map establishment module, used to obtain the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams based on the channel state information by using the beamforming algorithm, establish a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix, and obtain the channel index map;

[0039] A phase shift matrix selection module, which is used to obtain the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information based on the channel index map by using a channel estimation algorithm, compare it with the pre-computed intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and select the corresponding phase shift matrix, so as to communicate with the user.

[0040] The third objective of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0041] A computer device includes a processor and a memory for storing programs executable by the processor. It is characterized in that when the processor executes the programs stored in the memory, the above-mentioned intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method is implemented.

[0042] The fourth objective of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0043] A storage medium stores a program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method is implemented.

[0044] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0045] In the offline scenario, the present invention estimates the channels between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface (BS-RIS), between the base station and the user equipment (BS-UE), and between the intelligent reflecting surface and the user equipment (RIS-UE) in advance using a two-scale channel estimation algorithm. The base station uses a beam scanning method to transmit beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in two layers in the vertical angle and at a certain angle interval in the horizontal angle. Then, the intelligent reflecting surface reflects the beams to the user equipment. The intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channels corresponding to these beams are estimated using the two-scale channel estimation algorithm, and then the phase shift matrix is calculated offline through a beamforming algorithm; a one-to-one correspondence between the channel matrix and the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix is established, that is, a phase shift matrix map of the channel index is established. When the base station communicates with the user using the intelligent reflecting surface, the channel between the intelligent reflecting surface and the user equipment is calculated in real time using a channel estimation algorithm. Then, the real-time channel state information is matched with the channels established offline before. When the difference between the real-time calculated channel state information and the offline channel state information is within the set range, the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected, and then the beam is reflected to the corresponding user equipment; since the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel is quasi-static within a large time scale and does not need to be estimated frequently, and the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel estimation can be estimated using the LS algorithm based on pilot signals, the calculation time is relatively short; by pre-calculating the phase shift matrix in the offline scenario, when using the intelligent reflecting surface, only the real-time channel state information needs to be compared and matched with the offline channel state information, and then the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected. Since there is no need to calculate the phase shift matrix online, the response time is greatly reduced and the work efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 It is an implementation flowchart of the two-scale channel estimation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4Flowchart for implementing the phase shift matrix design system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 Flowchart for constructing the channel index map according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 Flowchart for selecting the phase shift matrix according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 7 Block diagram of the structure of the intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 8 Block diagram of the structure of the computer device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] Embodiment 1:

[0057] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method. This method uses the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment (RIS-UE) as an index and the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix corresponding to this channel as an output. By using the channel index map, a mapping relationship between the channel state information at the RIS-UE side and the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix can be established. The method includes the following steps:

[0058] S101. Obtain the channel state information of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface, the channel state information of the base station-user equipment, and the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment under different beams.

[0059] In this embodiment, the channel state information of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface (BS-RIS), the channel state information of the base station-user equipment (BS-UE), and the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment (RIS-UE) can be estimated offline through a dual-scale channel estimation system.

[0060] As Figure 3As shown, the channel state information G of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface, the channel state information H of the base station-user equipment, and the channel state information F of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment need to be obtained separately. In order to reduce the pilot overhead, a dual-scale channel estimation method with low pilot overhead is adopted for channel estimation. Initialize the set parameters; design the corresponding sensing channel based on the distance between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface, determine the maximum blind zone distance, and the base station transmits a sensing signal to obtain the strongest propagation path between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface, and designs the response sensing beamforming vector of the base station accordingly; randomly design the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix to obtain the departure angle of the line of sight of the intelligent reflecting surface; the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface perform large-scale cooperative sensing to obtain the equivalent channel between them, and use the line-of-sight angle between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface to overcome the phase ambiguity problem in the equivalent quasi-static channel sensing process; by sequentially turning on the intelligent reflecting surface units to receive the training sequence sent by the user at the base station, the channel state information G of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface, the channel state information H of the base station-user equipment, and the channel state information F of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment are obtained. Thus, the channel estimation process of the dual-scale channel estimation system is completed.

[0061] In order to obtain the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment and the base station-user equipment under different beams, in this embodiment, the base station sets two scanning groups in the vertical angle and transmits multiple beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in the horizontal angle. The intelligent reflecting surface reflects the beams to the user equipment, and the dual-scale channel estimation algorithm is used to estimate the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment corresponding to these beams, and to estimate the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at different beam scanning angles as the channel state information of the base station-user equipment.

[0062] Specifically, the base station sets two scanning groups in the vertical direction according to the first preset angle. In the upper and lower scanning groups, one beam is set according to the second preset angle for beam scanning in the horizontal direction. By horizontally scanning N beams in both the upper and lower scanning groups, a total of 2N beams are scanned; when scanning, the dual-scale channel estimation system is used to offline estimate the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment corresponding to the 2N beams, and to estimate the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at the scanning angles of the 2N beams.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first preset angle is set to 10°, the second preset angle is set to 15°, and the value of N is set to 8. Therefore, the base station sets two scanning groups about 10° above and below in the vertical direction. The reason for setting the upper and lower scanning groups of 10° each is that the user's activity range from the base station is generally not too far within a short period of time. In the upper and lower scanning groups, beam scanning is performed in the horizontal direction at about 15° for each beam. Since in sub6G, the base station emits beams in a directional manner at a 120° angle, the base station scans 8 beams horizontally in each of the upper and lower 10° scanning groups, for a total of 16 beams scanned. When scanning, the dual-scale channel estimation system is used to offline estimate the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information F1 to F16 corresponding to these 16 beams, estimate the channel state information (base station-user equipment channel state information) H1 to H16 of the user equipment positions at each scanning angle of the base station to 2N beams, and estimate the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information G.

[0064] S102. Based on the channel state information, use the beamforming algorithm to obtain the phase shift matrices corresponding to different beams, establish a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix, and obtain the channel index map.

[0065] As Figure 4 shown, based on the channel state information, using the beamforming algorithm to obtain the phase shift matrices corresponding to different beams is specifically as follows: After using the dual-scale channel estimation system to estimate the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information G, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information F, and the base station-user equipment channel state information H, use the channel state information G, F, H, and system parameter configuration to establish a joint optimization model of the precoding matrix and the phase shift matrix under the conditions of limited transmission power and limited phase shift vector angle. The specific design methods of the precoding matrix and the phase shift matrix are as follows. Since the beams of the base station need to hit the RIS panel and the positions of the user equipment and the RIS are fixed, the direction of the beams on the base station side needs to be designed according to the position information of the base station and the RIS. The direction of the beam vector on the base station side can be obtained as: , where is the beam direction vector of the base station to the user equipment, θ BD is the direction angle from the base station to the RIS, calculated from the position information of the base station and the RIS, and M is the number of transmitting antennas of the base station. is the angle information between the base station and the RIS. For the optimal design of the transmission power on the base station side, the goal of this embodiment is to maximize the sum rate of the system. Multiply the beam direction vector and the optimal value of the beam transmission power of each user equipment correspondingly to obtain the optimal beamforming vector: , where p represents the transmission power of the base station.

[0066] The goal is to maximize the ergodic sum capacity by jointly designing the active beam at the base station side and the phase shift matrix at the RIS side under the constraint of the RIS phase shift angle modulo.

[0067] Based on the large-scale fading coefficient and angle information, the expression for the ergodic capacity is obtained:

[0068]

[0069] Mathematically, the ergodic sum capacity problem is formulated as:

[0070]

[0071] where C is the ergodic sum capacity mentioned above, p t is the maximum value of the base station transmit power, n is the RIS unit serial number, 1 ≤ n ≤ N, φ n is the phase shift angle of the nth unit of the RIS, and from φ n the RIS phase shift vector can be calculated. Thus, a joint optimization model of the base station beamforming vector and the phase shift vector is constructed. Through this joint optimization model, the optimal beamforming vector and the optimal phase shift vector can be obtained. When optimizing the base station beamforming vector, the RIS phase shift vector is set to an arbitrary value. Under the condition that the transmit power of the base station is limited according to the ergodic sum capacity mentioned above, by designing the beamforming vector at the base station side, the maximum value is sought to obtain the optimal beamforming vector w. Under the condition that the RIS phase shift angle is limited, according to the position relationship between the user equipment and the RIS, by designing the phase shift vector at the RIS side, the received signal power of the user equipment is maximized, so the optimal phase shift vector Θ can be obtained.

[0072] As Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the base station offline estimates the channel G between the base station and the RIS within a large time scale through a two-scale estimation system. The base station sets two scanning groups up and down about 10° in the vertical direction. Within the two vertical scanning groups, 8 beams are respectively set in the horizontal direction, a total of 16 beams are scanned. The channel state information F1 - F16 at each beam angle and the user positions H1 - H16 from the base station to the scanned beam angles are offline estimated by using the two-scale estimation system. Combining the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information G, and then using the phase shift matrix design system, the corresponding phase shift matrices Θ1~Θ16 are calculated offline. Using the channel state information and the corresponding phase shift matrices Θ1~Θ16, a channel index map is established.

[0073] S103. Based on the channel index map, use the channel estimation algorithm to obtain the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, compare it with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and select the corresponding phase shift matrix, so as to communicate with the user.

[0074] As Figure 6 shown, use the dual-scale channel estimation system to estimate the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information F in real time. According to the channel index map, compare the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information. When the comparison result meets the preset conditions, select the corresponding phase shift matrix.

[0075] Further, the comparison result meeting the preset conditions is to satisfy the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] where F is the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, F i is the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information corresponding to each beam i, i = 1, 2... 15, 16, ε is the error value, ε takes 0.3, and when the preset conditions are met, the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected. Thus, the intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method is completed.

[0078] This embodiment can make full use of the existing base station beam scanning method. Based on the lightweight training beam selection method, the original beam scanning range is actually reduced by means of channel index reduction, thus reducing the beam scanning overhead; most of the calculations can be completed offline, which will greatly shorten the response time during normal communication, thus improving the efficiency.

[0079] It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are described in a specific order, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this specific order, or that all the shown operations must be performed to achieve the desired result. On the contrary, the described steps can be changed in the execution order. Additionally or alternatively, some steps can be omitted, multiple steps can be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step can be decomposed into multiple steps for execution.

[0080] Embodiment 2:

[0081] As Figure 7 shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design device, which includes a channel state information acquisition module 701, a channel index map establishment module 702, and a phase shift matrix selection module 703. The specific functions of each module are as follows:

[0082] A channel state information acquisition module 701 is configured to acquire base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, base station-user equipment channel state information, and intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams.

[0083] A channel index map establishment module 702 is configured to, based on the channel state information, use a beamforming algorithm to obtain phase shift matrices corresponding to different beams, establish a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channels and the phase shift matrices, and obtain a channel index map.

[0084] A phase shift matrix selection module 703 is configured to, based on the channel index map, use a channel estimation algorithm to acquire real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, compare it with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and select a corresponding phase shift matrix to communicate with the user.

[0085] For the specific implementation of each module in this embodiment, reference may be made to Embodiment 1 above, which will not be elaborated one by one; it should be noted that the device provided in this embodiment is only illustrated by the above division of each functional module. In practical applications, the above functions may be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0086] Embodiment 3:

[0087] This embodiment provides a computer device, which may be a computer. As Figure 8 shown, it includes a processor 802, a memory, an input device 803, a display 804, and a network interface 805 connected through a device bus 801. The processor is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a non-volatile storage medium 806 and an internal memory 807. The non-volatile storage medium 806 stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory 807 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. When the processor 802 executes the computer program stored in the memory, the intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method of Embodiment 1 above is implemented as follows:

[0088] Acquire base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams, and base station-user equipment channel state information;

[0089] Based on the channel state information, use a beamforming algorithm to obtain phase shift matrices corresponding to different beams, establish a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channels and the phase shift matrices, and obtain a channel index map;

[0090] Based on the channel index map, the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment is obtained by using a channel estimation algorithm, compared with the pre-calculated channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment, and the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected to communicate with the user.

[0091] Embodiment 4:

[0092] This embodiment provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method of Embodiment 1 above is implemented as follows:

[0093] Obtain the channel state information of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface, the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment under different beams, and the channel state information of the base station-user equipment;

[0094] Based on the channel state information, use the beamforming algorithm to obtain the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams, establish a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix, and obtain the channel index map;

[0095] Based on the channel index map, the channel state information of the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment is obtained by using a channel estimation algorithm, compared with the pre-calculated channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment, and the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected to communicate with the user.

[0096] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment can be a computer-readable signal medium, a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor device, apparatus, or component, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium can include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0097] In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, which can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution device, apparatus, or component. In this embodiment, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable program. Such a propagated data signal can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable storage medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution device, apparatus, or component. The computer program contained on the computer-readable storage medium can be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0098] The foregoing computer-readable storage medium can be written in one or more programming languages or combinations thereof for executing the computer program of this embodiment. The foregoing programming languages include object-oriented programming languages - such as Java, Python, C++, and also include conventional procedural programming languages - such as the C language or similar programming languages. The program can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, executed as an independent software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computer (for example, by using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0099] In summary, in the offline scenario, the present invention estimates the channels between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface (BS-RIS), between the base station and the user equipment (BS-UE), and between the intelligent reflecting surface and the user equipment (RIS-UE) in advance using a two-scale channel estimation algorithm. The base station uses a beam scanning method to transmit beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in two layers in the vertical angle and at a certain angle interval in the horizontal angle, and then the intelligent reflecting surface reflects the beams to the user equipment. The two-scale channel estimation algorithm is used to estimate the channels between the intelligent reflecting surface and the user equipment corresponding to these beams respectively, and then the phase shift matrix is calculated offline through the beamforming algorithm; a one-to-one correspondence between the channel matrix and the intelligent reflecting surface phase shift matrix is established, that is, a phase shift matrix map of the channel index is established. When the base station communicates with the user using the intelligent reflecting surface, the channel between the intelligent reflecting surface and the user equipment is calculated in real time using the channel estimation algorithm, and then the real-time channel state information is matched with the channel established offline before. When the difference between the real-time calculated channel state information and the offline channel state information is within the set range, the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected, and then the beam is reflected to the corresponding user equipment; since the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel is quasi-static in a large time scale and does not need to be estimated frequently, and the channel estimation between the intelligent reflecting surface and the user equipment can be estimated using the LS algorithm based on the pilot signal, the calculation time is relatively short; by pre-calculating the phase shift matrix in the offline scenario, when using the intelligent reflecting surface, only the real-time channel state information needs to be compared and matched with the offline channel state information, and then the corresponding phase shift matrix is selected. Since there is no need to calculate the phase shift matrix online, the response time is greatly reduced and the work efficiency is improved.

[0100] As described above, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention for patent, but the protection scope of the present invention for patent is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the scope disclosed by the present invention for patent, according to the technical solution of the present invention for patent and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention for patent.

Claims

1. A design method for phase shift matrix of intelligent reflector communication. It is characterized in that The method comprises: Acquire base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams, and base station-user equipment channel state information; Based on the channel state information, the beamforming algorithm is used to obtain the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams, and a one-to-one correspondence between the smart reflection surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix is ​​established to obtain a channel index map; Based on the channel index map, the channel estimation algorithm is used to obtain the real-time intelligent reflector-user device channel state information, and compared with the pre-calculated intelligent reflector-user device channel state information, and the corresponding phase shift matrix is ​​selected to communicate with the user; The step of obtaining phase shift matrices corresponding to different beams by using a beamforming algorithm based on the channel state information specifically includes: By using the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, the base station-user equipment channel state information and the system parameter configuration, a model for joint optimization of the precoding matrix and the phase shift matrix is ​​established under the conditions of limited transmission power and limited phase shift vector angle; The phase shift vector of the smart reflection surface is set to an arbitrary value, and the optimal beamforming vector is obtained by designing the beamforming vector at the base station side and seeking the maximum value under the condition that the transmission power of the base station is limited according to the traversal and capacity; Under the condition that the phase shift angle of the smart reflector is limited, the phase shift vector on the side of the smart reflector is designed according to the positional relationship between the user equipment and the smart reflector so as to maximize the received signal power of the user equipment and obtain the optimal phase shift vector; The method of obtaining real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information by using a channel estimation algorithm based on a channel index map, comparing the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and selecting a corresponding phase shift matrix specifically includes: The real-time intelligent reflection surface-user equipment channel state information is estimated in real time by using a dual-scale channel estimation system. The real-time intelligent reflection surface-user equipment channel state information is compared with the pre-calculated intelligent reflection surface-user equipment channel state information according to the channel index map. When the comparison result meets the preset conditions, the corresponding phase shift matrix is ​​selected.

2. The method for designing a phase shift matrix for smart reflector communication according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The obtaining of base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information under different beams, and base station-user equipment channel state information specifically includes: Design the corresponding sensing channel based on the distance between the base station and the intelligent reflective surface to determine the maximum blind spot distance; The base station acquires the strongest propagation path between the base station and the intelligent reflective surface by transmitting a sensing signal, and designs a response sensing beamforming vector of the base station according to the strongest propagation path; A phase shift matrix of the smart reflective surface is randomly designed to obtain the starting angle of the smart reflective surface line of sight; By collaborating with the intelligent reflecting surface for sensing, the equivalent channel between the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface is obtained, and the phase ambiguity problem in the equivalent quasi-static channel sensing process is overcome by using the line-of-sight angles of the base station and the intelligent reflecting surface. By sequentially turning on the intelligent reflecting surface to receive the training sequence sent by the user equipment at the base station, the channel state information of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface, the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment under different beams, and the channel state information of the base station-user equipment are obtained.

3. The intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, obtaining the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment under different beams and the channel state information of the base station-user equipment specifically includes: The base station is configured to set two scanning groups in the vertical angle and transmit multiple beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in the horizontal angle. The intelligent reflecting surface reflects the beams to the user equipment, and the two-scale channel estimation algorithm is used to respectively estimate the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment corresponding to these beams, and the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at different beam scanning angles is estimated as the channel state information of the base station-user equipment.

4. The intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of making the base station set two scanning groups in the vertical angle, transmit multiple beams to the intelligent reflecting surface in the horizontal angle, reflect the beams to the user equipment through the intelligent reflecting surface, and use the two-scale channel estimation algorithm to respectively estimate the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment corresponding to these beams, and the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at different beam scanning angles specifically includes: The base station is configured to set two scanning groups in the vertical direction according to a first preset angle. In the upper and lower scanning groups, one beam is set according to a second preset angle, and beam scanning is performed in the horizontal direction. The upper and lower two scanning groups scan N beams horizontally, so a total of 2N beams are scanned; During scanning, the two-scale channel estimation system is used to offline estimate the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment corresponding to 2N beams, and the channel state information of the base station to the user equipment positions at the scanning angles of the 2N beams is estimated.

5. The intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparison result satisfying the preset condition satisfies the following formula: ； where F is the channel state information of the RIS-UE, and F i is the channel state information of the RIS-UE corresponding to each beam i, and ε is the error value.

6. An intelligent reflecting surface communication phase shift matrix design device, characterized in that, The device includes: A channel state information acquisition module, configured to acquire the channel state information of the base station-intelligent reflecting surface, the channel state information of the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment under different beams, and the channel state information of the base station-user equipment; A channel index map establishment module, configured to obtain the phase shift matrix corresponding to different beams by using the beamforming algorithm based on the channel state information, establish a one-to-one correspondence between the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel and the phase shift matrix, and obtain a channel index map; A phase shift matrix selection module is used to obtain real-time intelligent reflector-user equipment channel state information based on a channel index map using a channel estimation algorithm, and compare it with pre-calculated intelligent reflector-user equipment channel state information to select a corresponding phase shift matrix, thereby communicating with the user; The step of obtaining phase shift matrices corresponding to different beams by using a beamforming algorithm based on the channel state information specifically includes: By using the base station-intelligent reflecting surface channel state information, the intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, the base station-user equipment channel state information and the system parameter configuration, a model for joint optimization of the precoding matrix and the phase shift matrix is ​​established under the conditions of limited transmission power and limited phase shift vector angle; The phase shift vector of the smart reflection surface is set to an arbitrary value, and the optimal beamforming vector is obtained by designing the beamforming vector at the base station side and seeking the maximum value under the condition that the transmission power of the base station is limited according to the traversal and capacity; Under the condition that the phase shift angle of the smart reflector is limited, the phase shift vector on the side of the smart reflector is designed according to the positional relationship between the user equipment and the smart reflector so as to maximize the received signal power of the user equipment and obtain the optimal phase shift vector; The method of obtaining real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information by using a channel estimation algorithm based on a channel index map, comparing the real-time intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information with the pre-calculated intelligent reflecting surface-user equipment channel state information, and selecting a corresponding phase shift matrix specifically includes: The real-time intelligent reflection surface-user equipment channel state information is estimated in real time by using a dual-scale channel estimation system. The real-time intelligent reflection surface-user equipment channel state information is compared with the pre-calculated intelligent reflection surface-user equipment channel state information according to the channel index map. When the comparison result meets the preset conditions, the corresponding phase shift matrix is ​​selected.

7. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, It is characterized in that When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the method for designing the smart reflector communication phase shift matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

8. A storage medium storing a program, It is characterized in that When the program is executed by a processor, the method for designing a smart reflector communication phase shift matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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