Beam measurement timing in wireless communication systems

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus for wireless communication are described. A network can be configured to provide a beam measurement configuration to a UE, indicating the duration for which components are used to monitor transmitted beams and tune the UE between monitoring sessions. This duration may include a first portion that the UE can use for tuning operations and a second portion that the UE can use to monitor or measure corresponding reference signals. In various examples, the indicated duration may include a third portion that the UE can use for another tuning operation, or the durations may overlap during overlapping durations during which the UE can use another tuning operation. During the indicated duration, the network may suppress the transmission of additional downlink data or control information for the UE, and the UE may suppress the monitoring of such additional downlink data or control information.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 389,210, entitled "BEAM MEASUREMENT TIMING IN AWIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM", filed July 29, 2021, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 059,941, entitled "BEAM MEASUREMENT TIMING IN AWIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM", filed July 31, 2020, which are assigned to the assignee herein and are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The following text relates to wireless communication, including beam measurement timing in wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth-generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems can employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0005] In some systems, the UE can monitor a reference signal to perform channel measurements, which can support channel quality assessment. When monitoring the reference signal using different communication resources, the UE can retune the radio or other components of the UE to support this monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The described techniques relate to methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support improved timing of beam measurement in wireless communication systems. In some examples, the UE can switch between frequency intervals (e.g., bandwidth portions) of the radio frequency spectrum to measure a reference signal for evaluating the channel quality of the corresponding frequency interval. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can switch between beams (e.g., receive beams) to measure the reference signal for evaluating different spatial resources. Therefore, based on these and other examples, the evaluation of different communication resources may involve the UE performing frequency retuning (e.g., tuning the radio from reception in one bandwidth portion to reception in another bandwidth portion), beam retuning (e.g., changing the direction of an analog or digital receive beam from one direction to another, including such techniques in millimeter-wave systems), or some other type of retuning of components of the UE. Such retuning may involve a transition duration (e.g., a time gap, a retuning duration) during which the UE may not be configured or able to perform such monitoring or measurement, or other monitoring of other downlink data or control transmissions.

[0007] According to the examples disclosed herein, a network can be configured to provide a beam measurement configuration to a UE that indicates the monitoring duration (e.g., duration mode, measurement, or monitoring mode) for components of the UE used to monitor different transmitted beams (e.g., different beams of a transmitting device) and to tune between monitoring of different transmitted beams. In some examples, the duration may include a first portion that the UE can use for tuning operations (e.g., tuning to a target communication resource corresponding to a transmitted beam) and a second portion that the UE can use for (e.g., using a target communication resource corresponding to a transmitted beam) to monitor or measure a corresponding reference signal, the first portion being referred to as an interval duration. In various examples, the indicated monitoring duration may include a third portion that the UE can use for another tuning operation (e.g., returning to a previous communication resource corresponding to a previous transmitted beam, tuning to another target communication resource corresponding to another target transmitted beam), or the monitoring duration may overlap with each other during overlapping durations during which the UE can use for another tuning operation (e.g., tuning to a communication resource associated with monitoring another transmitted beam in a later monitoring duration). During the indicated monitoring duration, the network may suppress the transmission of signals to the UE that are unrelated to the UE's reference signal, such as other downlink data or control information for the UE, and the UE may suppress the monitoring of other signaling (e.g., unrelated to reference signal monitoring).

[0008] In some examples, the described techniques can be used in wireless communication systems that support the transmission of beams associated with corresponding frequency intervals (e.g., bandwidth portions) of the radio frequency spectrum. For example, transmitting nodes in non-terrestrial networks may include satellites, drones, or other airborne transmitters that communicate via beams with different beam coverage areas (e.g., on the ground or other reference surfaces), where adjacent coverage areas may at least partially overlap. To avoid interference between beams, each neighboring or adjacent beam may be associated with a different bandwidth portion, thereby providing frequency separation (e.g., orthogonality) between communications of the respective adjacent beams. The coverage area of ​​such a transmitting node may shift relative to a ground reference (e.g., due to airborne movement of the transmitting node), making it possible that maintaining a communication link with the transmitting node involves relatively frequent evaluation or selection of beams or bandwidth portions.

[0009] To support conditions where the UE is located or near a beam overlap area (e.g., an area within an overlapping beam coverage area, an area where signaling of multiple beams can be received or otherwise detected), the UE can be configured to monitor reference signals corresponding to adjacent beams, which may be transmitted over different bandwidth portions. The beam measurement configuration can indicate the duration (e.g., according to a duration pattern) for monitoring the bandwidth portion associated with the corresponding beam, and can further indicate which bandwidth portions or which beams the UE should monitor. Because adjacent beams may be associated with different bandwidth portions, the duration can include a first portion during which the UE can radio-tune to the bandwidth portion to be monitored for a given beam, and a second portion during which the UE can monitor the reference signal for the given beam using the bandwidth portion corresponding to the given beam. In some examples, the described techniques can be combined with receive beamforming at the UE, and during the first or second portion of the monitoring duration, the UE can perform analog or digital beam tuning to evaluate reception on different spatial resources (e.g., different reception directions, different reception ports).

[0010] By configuring duration patterns for beam monitoring that include both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more retuning durations (e.g., gap durations), wireless communication systems can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining communication links using different beams associated with different frequency intervals. For example, compared to techniques that do not consider retuning gaps in beam measurement, the techniques described herein can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum. Such improvements can be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where the movement of transmitting equipment (e.g., satellites), receiving equipment (e.g., UEs), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain communication links.

[0011] A wireless communication method for a UE is described. The method may include: receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a set of beams and for tuning a radio to the UE for monitoring the reference signal, each beam in the set of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions associated with a beam in the set of beams according to the beam frequency mapping based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration; determining a channel quality metric for the beam based on the monitored reference signal in the bandwidth portion; and performing communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0012] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions, when executed by the processor, operate to cause the apparatus to: receive a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a set of beams and for monitoring a radio frequency tuning the UE against the reference signal, each beam in the set of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; monitor, at least in part, a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions associated with a beam in the set according to the beam frequency mapping based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration; determine a channel quality metric for the beam based on the monitored reference signal in the bandwidth portion; and perform communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0013] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a set of beams and for tuning a radio to the UE for monitoring the reference signal, each beam in the set of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; means for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions associated with a beam in the set of beams according to the beam frequency mapping based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration; means for determining a channel quality metric for the beam based on the monitored reference signal in the bandwidth portion; and means for performing communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0014] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a set of beams and for tuning a radio of the UE against the reference signal monitoring, each beam in the set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; monitor, at least in part, a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions associated with a beam in the set according to the beam frequency mapping, based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration; determine a channel quality metric for the beam based on the monitored reference signal in the bandwidth portion; and perform communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may include operations, features, components or instructions for performing the following: tuning the UE’s radio from a second bandwidth portion to a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern; and monitoring the reference signal in a bandwidth portion that may be associated with the beam during a second portion of the duration following the first portion.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may include operations, features, components or instructions for performing the following: tuning the UE’s radio from the bandwidth portion associated with the beam to the second bandwidth portion during a third portion of the duration following the second portion.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining a first portion, a third portion, or both of the duration based on the beam measurement configuration and indicated reference signal pattern.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining a first portion, a third portion, or both of the duration based on the tuning capability of the UE.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following: identifying that the duration overlaps with a second duration of the indicated duration pattern during an overlapping duration following a second portion of the duration; during the overlapping duration, tuning the UE's radio from a bandwidth portion associated with the beam to a third bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions that may be mapped to the second beam according to the beam frequency; and monitoring a second reference signal in the third bandwidth portion that may be associated with the second beam during the second duration.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following: monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a first duration of the indicated duration pattern; and monitoring a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions that may be mapped to a second beam in the set of beams according to the beam frequency during a second duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing: monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during the duration of the indicated duration pattern; and monitoring a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions that may be mapped to a second beam in the set of beam portions according to the beam frequency during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for suppressing downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the beam measurement configuration includes an indication of the periodicity, duration, time offset or any combination thereof of the duration of the duration pattern.

[0024] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following: determining a first portion of the duration for monitoring the reference signal within the duration of the indicated duration mode and based on the indication of the reference signal mode; and determining a second portion of the duration prior to the first portion within the duration of the indicated duration mode and based on the beam measurement configuration for retuning the UE's radio.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the reference signal mode includes a channel state information reference signal mode or a synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, performing communication may include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an indication of channel quality metrics for the beam.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving a beam measurement configuration may include operations, features, components or instructions for receiving the beam measurement configuration from a node of a non-terrestrial network.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the monitoring may include operations, features, components, or instructions for monitoring beam transmissions of non-terrestrial network nodes.

[0029] A method for wireless communication at a node in a non-terrestrial network is described. The method may include: receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning a radio of the UE against the reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; and transmitting a reference signal of the beam set based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0030] An apparatus for wireless communication at a node in a non-terrestrial network is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions, when executed by the processor, operate to cause the apparatus to: receive a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning a radio of the UE against the reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; and transmit a reference signal of the beam set based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal of each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0031] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a node in a non-terrestrial network is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning a radio of the UE against the reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; and means for transmitting a reference signal of the beam set based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0032] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at nodes in a non-terrestrial network. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning a radio of the UE for the reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; and transmit a reference signal of the beam set based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting a reference signal may include operations, features, components or instructions for: suppressing the transmission of the reference signal during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern; and transmitting the reference signal during a second portion of the duration following the first portion.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting a reference signal may include operations, features, components or instructions for suppressing the transmission of the reference signal during a third portion of the duration following the second portion.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting a reference signal may include operations, features, components or instructions for performing the following: avoiding transmitting the reference signal after a second portion of the duration and during the overlap of the duration with a second duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting a reference signal may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following: during a first duration of the indicated duration pattern, transmitting a first reference signal for a first beam in the set of bandwidth portions associated with the first beam according to the beam frequency mapping; and during a second duration of the indicated duration pattern, transmitting a second reference signal for a second beam in the set of bandwidth portions, which is different from the first bandwidth portion and associated with the second beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0037] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting a reference signal may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following: during the duration of the indicated duration pattern, transmitting a first reference signal for a first beam in the beam set using a first bandwidth portion associated with a first beam according to the beam frequency mapping, and transmitting a second reference signal for a second beam in the beam set using a second bandwidth portion associated with a second beam according to the beam frequency mapping, which is different from the first bandwidth portion.

[0038] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for suppressing downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the beam measurement configuration includes indications of periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof associated with the duration pattern.

[0040] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the beam measurement configuration includes an indication of a reference signal pattern based on an indication for determining one or more gap portions for retuning operations during the duration of that duration pattern.

[0041] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the reference signal mode of the indication includes a channel state information reference signal mode or a synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

[0042] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following: receiving from the UE an indication of one or more channel quality metrics determined by the UE for the set of beams. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0044] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0045] Figure 3 An example of a duration pattern for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system supported by various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0046] Figure 4A and Figure 4B An example of a duration pattern for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system supported by various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0047] Figure 5 An example of a duration pattern for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system supported by various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0048] Figure 6A and Figure 6B An example of a duration pattern for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system supported by various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0049] Figure 7 and Figure 8 A block diagram of a device for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0050] Figure 9 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0051] Figure 10 A diagram of a system including a device for supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 11 and Figure 12 A block diagram of a device for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0053] Figure 13 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0054] Figure 14 A diagram of a system including a device for supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0055] Figures 15 to 19 A flowchart illustrating a method for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The described techniques relate to methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support improved timing of beam measurement in wireless communication systems. In some examples, the UE can switch between frequency intervals (e.g., bandwidth portions) of the radio frequency spectrum to measure a reference signal for evaluating the channel quality of the corresponding frequency interval. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can switch between beams (e.g., receive beams) to measure the reference signal for evaluating different spatial resources. Therefore, based on these and other examples, the evaluation of different communication resources may involve the UE performing frequency retuning (e.g., tuning the radio from reception in one bandwidth portion to reception in another bandwidth portion), beam retuning (e.g., changing the direction of an analog or digital receive beam from one direction to another, including such techniques in millimeter-wave systems), or some other type of retuning of components of the UE. Such retuning may involve a transition duration (e.g., a time gap, a retuning duration) during which the UE may not be configured or able to perform such monitoring or measurement, or other monitoring of other downlink data or control transmissions.

[0057] According to the examples disclosed herein, a network can be configured to provide a beam measurement configuration to a UE that indicates the monitoring duration (e.g., duration mode, measurement, or monitoring mode) for components of the UE used to monitor different transmitted beams (e.g., different beams of a transmitting device) and to tune between monitoring of different transmitted beams. In some examples, the duration may include a first portion that the UE can use for tuning operations (e.g., tuning to a target communication resource corresponding to a transmitted beam) and a second portion that the UE can use for (e.g., using a target communication resource corresponding to a transmitted beam) to monitor or measure a corresponding reference signal, the first portion being referred to as an interval duration. In various examples, the indicated monitoring duration may include a third portion that the UE can use for another tuning operation (e.g., returning to a previous communication resource corresponding to a previous transmitted beam, tuning to another target communication resource corresponding to another target transmitted beam), or the monitoring duration may overlap with each other during overlapping durations during which the UE can use for another tuning operation (e.g., tuning to a communication resource associated with monitoring another transmitted beam in a later monitoring duration). During the indicated monitoring duration, the network may suppress the transmission of signals to the UE that are unrelated to the UE's reference signal, such as other downlink data or control information for the UE, and the UE may suppress the monitoring of such other signaling (e.g., unrelated to reference signal monitoring).

[0058] In some examples, the described techniques can be used in wireless communication systems that support the transmission of beams associated with corresponding frequency intervals (e.g., bandwidth portions) of the radio frequency spectrum. For example, transmitting nodes in non-terrestrial networks may include satellites, drones, or other airborne transmitters that communicate via beams with different beam coverage areas (e.g., on the ground or other reference surfaces), where adjacent coverage areas may at least partially overlap. To avoid interference between beams, each neighboring or adjacent beam may be associated with a different bandwidth portion, thereby providing frequency separation (e.g., orthogonality) between communications of the respective adjacent beams. The coverage area of ​​such a transmitting node may shift relative to a ground reference (e.g., due to airborne movement of the transmitting node), making it possible that maintaining a communication link with the transmitting node involves relatively frequent evaluation or selection of beams or bandwidth portions.

[0059] To support conditions where the UE is located or near a beam overlap area (e.g., an area within an overlapping beam coverage area, an area where signaling of multiple beams can be received or otherwise detected), the UE can be configured to monitor reference signals corresponding to adjacent beams, which may be transmitted over different bandwidth portions. The beam measurement configuration can indicate the duration (e.g., according to a duration pattern) for monitoring the bandwidth portion associated with the corresponding beam, and can further indicate which bandwidth portions or which beams the UE should monitor. Because adjacent beams may be associated with different bandwidth portions, the duration can include a first portion during which the UE can radio-tune to the bandwidth portion to be monitored for a given beam, and a second portion during which the UE can monitor the reference signal for the given beam using the bandwidth portion corresponding to the given beam. In some examples, the described techniques can be combined with receive beamforming at the UE, and during the first or second portion of the monitoring duration, the UE can perform analog or digital beam tuning to evaluate reception on different spatial resources (e.g., different reception directions, different reception ports).

[0060] By configuring a duration pattern for beam monitoring that includes both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more retuning durations (e.g., gap durations), wireless communication systems can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining communication links using different beams associated with different frequency intervals. For example, the techniques described herein can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum, compared to techniques that do not consider beam measurement retuning gaps. Such improvements can be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where the movement of transmitting equipment (e.g., satellites), receiving equipment (e.g., UEs), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain communication links.

[0061] The aspects of this disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems and the associated timing of reference signals used for beam measurement communication at different frequency intervals. These aspects are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to beam measurement timing in wireless communication systems.

[0062] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0063] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 over the coverage area. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area over which base stations 105 and UE 115 can support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0064] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or both stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices), such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0065] Base station 105 may communicate with core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, base station 105 may interface with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 155 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base station 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul links 155 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces), or both. In some examples, backhaul link 155 may be or include one or more radio links.

[0066] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base station transceiver, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, NodeB, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home NodeB, home eNodeB or other suitable terms.

[0067] UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, among other examples. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as home appliances or vehicles, meters, and other examples.

[0068] The UE 115 described in this document can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s that can sometimes act as relays, as well as base station 105 and network devices, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, and other examples, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0069] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can use carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation to support communication with UE 115. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used with frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0070] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmission from UE 115 to base station 105, or downlink transmission from base station 105 to UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0071] A carrier can be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as the carrier or the "system bandwidth" of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of multiple defined bandwidths of a carrier used for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) can have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth, or can be configured to support communication on one carrier bandwidth in a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include base station 105 and UE 115 that support simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each serving UE 115 can be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0072] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can consist of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements the UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate used for the UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and using multiple spatial layers can further improve the data rate or data integrity used for communication with the UE 115.

[0073] One or more numeric parameters can be supported for the carrier, where the numeric parameters can indicate the subcarrier spacing (Δf) and cyclic prefix. The carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different numeric parameters. In some examples, the UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for the carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for the UE 115 can be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

[0074] The time interval of base station 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as T. s =11 / (Δf) max ·N f The sampling period is ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, while N... f This can represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time intervals of communication resources can be organized based on radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by its System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0075] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into multiple time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include multiple symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix preceding each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. In addition to the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) symbols. f Sampling period. The duration of the symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of the operation.

[0076] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0077] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend over the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs 115 can monitor or search for control regions for control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates at one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information in a control information format with a given payload size. Search space sets can include a common search space set configured to issue control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set configured to issue control information to a specific UE 115.

[0078] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, such as macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with base station 105 (e.g., via a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish neighboring cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or others). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of base station 105, such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be or include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110, among other examples.

[0079] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access for UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells can be associated with a lower-power base station 105 and can operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells can provide unrestricted access to UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user at home or office). Base station 105 can support one or more cells and can also support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0080] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0081] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable low-latency or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical key-touch (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions may include service prioritization, and mission-critical services may be available for public safety or general business applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0082] In some examples, UE 115 is also able to communicate directly with other UE 115 via device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocols). One or more UE 115s utilizing D2D communication can be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UE 115s in the group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105, or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, the group of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication can utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UE 115s without the involvement of base station 105.

[0083] Core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and can include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) routing packets or interconnects to external networks. The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions of UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to network operator IP service 150. Operator IP service 150 can include access to the Internet, one or more intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0084] Some network devices, such as base station 105, may include sub-components such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 via one or more other access network transmitting entities 145, which may be referred to as a radio head, smart radio head, or transmit / receive point (TRP). Each access network transmitting entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or combined into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0085] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. The region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is generally referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength length ranges from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves can be sufficient to penetrate structures to enable macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the High Frequency (HF) or Very High Frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, UHF wave transmissions can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0086] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the ultra-high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices can be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be affected by greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. Transmissions can be made across one or more different frequency regions using the techniques disclosed herein, and the designated use of bands across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory body.

[0087] Wireless communication system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 can employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), unlicensed LTE (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed bands such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices such as base station 105 and UE 115 can employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed bands can be based on carrier aggregation configurations, combining component carriers operating in licensed bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0088] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located in an antenna assembly such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array with multiple rows and columns of antenna ports, which base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays capable of supporting various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via antenna ports.

[0089] Base station 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to leverage multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. This technique can be referred to as spatial multiplexing. Multiple signals can be transmitted, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) which transmits multiple spatial layers to the same receiving device and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) which transmits multiple spatial layers to multiple devices.

[0090] Beamforming, also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique used in transmitting or receiving equipment (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to shape or manipulate antenna beams (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving equipment. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicating via antenna elements of an antenna array, such that some signals propagating in a specific orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicating via antenna elements may include the transmitting or receiving equipment applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the equipment. The adjustment associated with each antenna element can be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving equipment, or relative to some other orientation).

[0091] Base station 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning technology as part of beamforming operations. For example, base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Base station 105 may transmit several signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) multiple times in different directions. For example, base station 105 may transmit signals based on different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device such as base station 105, or by a receiving device such as UE 115) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by base station 105.

[0092] Base station 105 may transmit signals, such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device, in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on the signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of signals received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0093] In some examples, multiple beam directions can be used to perform transmissions by a device (e.g., base station 105 or UE 115), and the device can use a combination of digital pre-decoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from base station 105 to UE 115). UE 115 can report feedback indicating pre-decoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback can correspond to a configured number of beams spanning the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Base station 105 can transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)), which can be pre-decoded or undecoded. UE 115 can provide feedback for beam selection, which can be a pre-decoded matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0094] When receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105, the receiving device (e.g., UE 115) can attempt multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening). For example, the receiving device can attempt multiple receiving directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing the received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to the signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (e.g., different sets of directional listening weights), or by processing the received signals according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to the signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array. Any of these can be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiving device can use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). The single receiving configuration can be aligned with the beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiving configuration directions (e.g., beam directions determined to have the highest signal strength, the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or based on other acceptable signal quality according to listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0095] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer can perform packet segmentation and reassembly for communication over logical channels. The Medium Access Control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplex logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or core network 130 that supports radio bearers for user plane data. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0096] The wireless communication system 100 may also include one or more satellites 120 (e.g., in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) configuration) that can communicate with base station 105 or core network 130 via a gateway (e.g., a terrestrial terminal, an NTN gateway). Satellite 120 may also communicate with UE 115, which may include other high-altitude or terrestrial communication equipment. In various examples, satellite 120 itself may be an example of base station 105 (e.g., a payload supporting gNB processing), or satellite 120 may provide signal relay between base station 105 and UE 115 (e.g., in a transparent satellite configuration, where satellite 120 and a gateway may be configured together as a remote radio unit). Satellite 120 may be any suitable type of communication satellite configured to relay or otherwise support communication between different devices in the wireless communication system 100. Satellite 120 may be an example of a space satellite, balloon, airship, aircraft, drone, unmanned aerial vehicle, or other aircraft that can support communication from generally non-terrestrial, airborne, or elevated locations. In some examples, satellite 120 may be in geosynchronous or geostationary Earth orbit, low Earth orbit, or medium Earth orbit. Satellite 120 may be a multi-beam satellite configured to provide service to multiple service beam coverage areas within a configured geographic service area. Satellite 120 may be at any distance from the Earth's surface or other reference surface.

[0097] In some examples, the cell can be provided or established by satellite 120 as part of a non-terrestrial network. In some cases, satellite 120 can perform the functions of base station 105, act as a bend-tube transponder, or act as a regenerative satellite, or a combination thereof. In some examples, satellite 120 can be an example of a smart satellite or a satellite with intelligent or other communication processing capabilities. For example, a smart satellite can be configured to perform more functions than a regenerative satellite (e.g., it can be configured to perform a specific algorithm that will be reprogrammed beyond the algorithm used in the regenerative satellite). In a bend-tube transponder configuration, satellite 120 can be configured to receive signals from ground stations (e.g., gateway, base station 105, core network 130) and transmit those signals to different ground stations or terminals (e.g., UE 115, base station 105). In some cases, satellite 120 supporting a bend-tube transponder configuration can amplify signals or shift from uplink frequencies to downlink frequencies. In some examples, satellite 120 supporting a regenerative transponder configuration can relay signals like a bend-tube transponder, but can also use onboard processing to perform other functions. Examples of these other functions may include demodulating received signals, decoding received signals, re-encoding signals to be transmitted, or modulating signals to be transmitted, or combinations thereof. In some examples, satellite 120, which supports a bend-tube transponder configuration or a regenerator transponder configuration, may receive signals from base station 105 and may relay those signals to UE 115 or base station 105, or vice versa.

[0098] According to the examples disclosed herein, wireless communication system 100 may be configured (e.g., via base station 105, via satellite 120) to provide UE 115 with a beam measurement configuration indicating the duration (e.g., according to a duration pattern) for monitoring different transmit beams (e.g., different beams of transmitting devices) associated with respective bandwidth portions and for tuning components of the UE between monitoring of different transmit beams. In some examples, the duration may include a first portion that UE 115 may use for tuning operations (e.g., tuning to a target bandwidth portion corresponding to the monitored transmit beam) and a second portion that UE 115 may use for monitoring or measuring a corresponding reference signal (e.g., using the target bandwidth portion corresponding to the transmit beam). In various examples, the duration indicated by the duration mode may include a third portion of the time during which the UE 115 can be used for another tuning operation (e.g., returning to a previous bandwidth portion corresponding to a previously transmitted beam or other communication, tuning to another target bandwidth portion corresponding to another target transmitted beam), or the duration may overlap with each other during overlapping durations during which the UE 115 can be used for another tuning operation (e.g., tuning to a bandwidth portion associated with monitoring another transmitted beam in a later monitoring duration).

[0099] By configuring a duration pattern for beam monitoring that includes both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more tuning durations (e.g., for tuning radio between bandwidth portions), the wireless communication system 100 can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining the communication link 125 using different beams associated with different bandwidth portions. For example, compared to techniques that do not consider retuning gaps in beam measurement, the techniques described herein can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum. Such improvements can be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where movement of transmitting equipment (e.g., satellite 120), receiving equipment (e.g., UE 115), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain the communication link.

[0100] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. For example, wireless communication system 200 may include UE 115-a and satellite 120-a. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may also include gateway 210 or base station 105-a or both. In various examples, one or more of satellite 120-a, gateway 210 or base station 105-a, or various combinations thereof, may be connected to a network (such as a reference network). Figure 1 The core network 130 is described as a connection.

[0101] Satellite 120-a can be configured to support communications over geographic coverage area 110-a. Geographic coverage area 110-a can be located in a relatively fixed position (e.g., when satellite 120-a is in geostationary orbit or other generally fixed air position), or it can move across or sweep across positions (e.g., as a mobile geographic coverage area, such as when satellite 120-a is in low Earth orbit or medium Earth orbit, or otherwise moving in the air).

[0102] In some examples, satellite 120-a may be an example of a smart satellite or be configured to act as a smart satellite, wherein satellite 120-a supports the ability to handle communications associated with coverage area 110-a (e.g., uplink communications, downlink communications, or both). In examples where satellite 120-a is configured to act as a smart satellite, satellite 120-a may be an example of base station 105 described herein (e.g., wherein satellite 120-a acts as a gNB or other type of base station), and satellite 120-a may or may not communicate with core network 130 via gateway 210 (e.g., via gateway communication link 215).

[0103] In some examples, satellite 120-a may be an example of a bend-type transponder or a regenerative transponder, or may be configured to act as a bend-type transponder or a regenerative transponder, wherein satellite 120-a may act as a relay between gateway 210 and one or more devices within geographic coverage area 110-a (e.g., relaying signals received from geographic coverage area 110-a via gateway communication link 215, and relaying signals received from gateway 210 via gateway communication link 215 as transmissions to devices in geographic coverage area 110-a). In examples where satellite 120-a is configured to act as a bend-type or regenerative transponder, gateway 210 or a combination of gateway 210 and satellite 120-a may be an example of base station 105 as described herein (e.g., wherein gateway 210 acts as a gNB or other type of base station, and the combination of satellite 120-a and gateway 210 acts as a gNB or other type of base station). In some examples, gateway 210 can communicate with base station 105 (e.g., base station 105-a, via communication link 220), and the combination of gateway 210 and satellite 120-a can be configured together as a remote radio unit of base station 105. In some examples, gateway 210 itself can be configured to act as base station 105 (e.g., in a base station entity included in gateway 210 or otherwise co-located with the gateway).

[0104] Satellite 120-a can be configured to support communications using multiple transmit or receive beams, which can refer to space or directional communication resources formed or otherwise supported by the antenna array of satellite 120-a according to various beamforming techniques. For example, satellite 120-a can be configured to support multiple beams 230, which can refer to downlink beams (e.g., downlink transmit beams) supporting downlink communication 240 over geographic coverage area 110-a. Each beam 230 can be associated with a corresponding beam coverage area 235 (e.g., beam coverage area 235-a corresponds to beam 230-a, and so on), and multiple beams 230 or beam coverage areas 235 (e.g., beam coverage areas 235-a to 235-l) may be distributed within geographic coverage area 110-a. In some examples, beam 230 can support both downlink and uplink communication. In some examples, a first beam set 230 (e.g., a transmit beam) may support downlink communication, and a second beam set 230 (e.g., a receive beam, beams from different antenna arrays, beams associated with different directions or different beam coverage areas 235) may support uplink communication. In various examples, each of the beams 230 may be configured to act as a different cell, or one or more cells may be configured based on a set of two or more beams 230, or all beams 230 may be configured to act as a single cell.

[0105] Although beam coverage area 235 is shown as nested hexagonal regions for illustrative purposes, beams 230 may have some degree of overlap. For example, transmitted signal energy from one beam 230 may be incident on one or more beam coverage areas 235 adjacent to the beam coverage area 235 corresponding to the transmitted beam 230 (e.g., transmission of beam 230 associated with beam coverage area 235-e may be incident on one or more of beam coverage areas 235-a, 235-b, 235-d, 235-f, 235-g, or 235-h, while transmission of beam 230 associated with beam coverage areas 235-a, 235-b, 235-d, 235-f, 235-g, or 235-h may be incident on beam coverage area 235-e, and so on). To reduce interference between adjacent or neighboring beams 230, each of the beams 230 can be configured with a corresponding bandwidth portion, such that neighboring beams 230 are configured to communicate on different bandwidth portions. In one example, this frequency separation can be provided by a pattern of four bandwidth portions, each spanning a different range of the radio frequency spectrum (e.g., beams 1, 3, 7, and 9 are associated with BWP 1, beams 2 and 8 with BWP 2, beams 4, 6, 10, and 12 with BWP 3, and beams 5 and 11 with BWP 4).

[0106] In some examples, when UE 115-a is located within geographic coverage area 110-a, UE 115-a can establish a communication link with or via satellite 120-a. To maintain such a communication link, UE 115-a can switch between beams 230 relatively frequently due to the mobility of UE 115-a (e.g., where UE 115-a moves from one beam coverage area 235 to another), the mobility of satellite 120-a (e.g., where geographic coverage area 110-a or one or more beam coverage areas 235 move relative to UE 115-a), or various combinations thereof. In some examples, to support such beam switching or selection, UE 115-a can perform beam measurement operations to evaluate the channel quality of communications via one or more beams 230. For example, UE 115-a can monitor or measure a reference signal 245 included in downlink communications 240 of a corresponding beam 230.

[0107] In an example of wireless communication system 200, in order to perform such measurements on different beams 230, UE 115-a may tune its radio to listen to or otherwise receive such reference signals 245. For example, in order to monitor the reference signal of beam 230 corresponding to beam coverage area 235-e (e.g., the current beam, the beam used for communication between satellite 120-a and UE 115-a), the radio may be tuned to BWP 4. To assess the channel quality of adjacent beams, the radio of UE 115-a can be tuned to BWP 1 to monitor the reference signal of beam 230 associated with beam coverage areas 235-a or 235-g; the radio of UE 115-a can be tuned to BWP 2 to monitor the reference signal of beam 230 associated with beam coverage areas 235-b or 235-h; and the radio of UE 115-a can be tuned to BWP 3 to monitor the reference signal of beam 230 associated with beam coverage areas 235-d or 235-f.

[0108] To support such monitoring between beams corresponding to different bandwidth portions, the wireless communication system 200 can be configured with time gaps between reference signal transmission or monitoring timings for frequency retuning (e.g., changing from one bandwidth portion to another). In some examples, such gaps can also be provided between reference signal transmission or monitoring timings for beam retuning (e.g., changing the analog receive beam at UE 115-a, which can operate in millimeter waves). In some examples, measurement gap techniques can be associated with Radio Resource Management (RRM) gap configurations. For example, measurement gaps can be configured with measurement gap periodicity (e.g., measurement gap repetition periods), measurement gap offset (e.g., the duration between the measurement gap and a reference time), or measurement gap length (e.g., measurement gap window, measurement gap duration, time length). In some examples, to support signal propagation delay between transmitting and receiving devices (e.g., between satellite 120-a and UE 115-a), measurement gaps can be configured with measurement gap timing advance, which can be established based on evaluated signal exchange and associated signal propagation delays between the devices.

[0109] To support various aspects of non-terrestrial networks (e.g., relatively frequent mobility between beams 230 corresponding to different bandwidth portions, and relatively long propagation delays between satellite 120-a and UE 115-a), the configuration of monitoring duration patterns in wireless communication system 200 may involve greater flexibility or finer-grained monitoring timing compared to other techniques. For example, some techniques for reference signal monitoring may have a periodicity mismatch compared to the signaling of wireless communication system 200. In one example, the periodicity for the measurement gap may be configured to 20, 40, 80, or 120 milliseconds (ms), which may be suitable for some types of reporting (e.g., beam management using synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), but for techniques using channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), the periodicity may be between 4 and 640 time slots. In some examples, such coarse-grainedness may be inefficient for measurement techniques using CSI-RS. For example, CSI-RS resources may span less than or equal to four symbol durations, which is shorter than the duration of a single time slot. If only frequency retuning and simulated beamforming variations exist, the delay can be less than or equal to four symbol durations, but preferably the total delay can be less than or equal to eight symbol durations. In some techniques, the minimum gap length can be 1.5 ms (e.g., approximately 21 symbol durations in some configurations), which may be unnecessarily long for supporting beam measurement techniques and therefore may not support sufficient mobility or beam selection delay in the wireless communication system 200.

[0110] According to the examples disclosed herein, wireless communication system 200 may support a beam measurement process that adds time slots to beam 230, with each beam associated with a different bandwidth portion. The beam measurement process may include UE 115-a reporting Layer 1 quantities, such as Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) or other channel quality metrics (e.g., Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal-to-Interference-Ratio (SINR)). In various examples, the time slots or monitoring durations of the duration pattern may be explicitly indicated, or may be indicated in a manner in which UE 115-a can infer their configuration (e.g., from the configuration of the associated reference signal, such as adding a gap duration before or after the configured reference signal duration).

[0111] In some examples, UE 115-a may send channel quality reports to or via the same device or system as the transmit beam 230 (e.g., satellite 120-a), which may include transmissions to satellite 120-a when satellite 120-a (e.g., in a payload configuration handled by gNB) is used as base station 105, or transmissions to gateway 210 (via communication link 215) via or through satellite 120-a, or transmissions to base station 105 (e.g., via communication link 220) in a transparent satellite configuration (e.g., when satellite 120-a acts as a bend-through or regenerative transponder).

[0112] Figure 3 An example of duration mode 300 for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Duration mode 300 can be illustrated as being applicable to reference... Figure 2 The duration mode used in the described wireless communication system 200.

[0113] In the example of duration mode 300, a set of durations 310-a (e.g., monitoring durations) can be defined according to the duration mode. Each of the durations 310-a may include a reference signal 315 (e.g., for transmitting or monitoring a reference signal 315, which may be a reference...). Figure 2The example of reference signal 245 described herein includes one or more durations, and one or more gap durations (e.g., between the start of duration 310-a and the first reference signal 315, between reference signals 315, and between the last reference signal 315 and the end of duration 310-a) to support various retuning operations of UE 115 between reference signal monitoring opportunities. In some examples, to support discontinuous reception or other power or processing efficiency, UE 115 may be awake during duration 310 (e.g., for retuning or monitoring) and may be in sleep or idle mode during time intervals not included in duration 310. Although three durations 310-a are shown in duration mode 300, the configuration of duration modes according to the examples disclosed herein may include any number of durations 310, which may include a static or limited number of durations 310 configurations, or a configuration of durations 310 that continues into a beam measurement configuration (e.g., in an ongoing configuration).

[0114] Duration modes such as duration mode 310-a can be signaled to UE 115, which may include signaling via or through satellite 120, gateway 210, base station 105, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the duration mode can be signaled as an explicit configuration of duration 310, such as an indication of time gap periodicity 330 (e.g., value P), time gap length 340 (e.g., time length, duration, value L), and time gap offset 320 (e.g., relative to reference time 325, value O). In some examples, one or more of periodicity 330, length 340, or offset 320 (e.g., each) can be represented by one or a combination of multiple time units. In various examples, the associated time unit can be milliseconds, OFDM symbol duration with current digital parameters (e.g., based on a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing), OFDM symbol duration with fixed digital parameters (e.g., based on a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing), a fraction of the subframe duration (e.g., 1 ms), the subframe duration, or the frame duration. In one example, the periodicity 330 can be given as:

[0115] P = P1 × subframe + P2 × (OFDM symbol duration of current digital parameters) (1)

[0116] To determine the time gap, the time gap can begin with (O+k×P) time units and end with (O+k×P+L) time units, where k can be an integer and the time unit can be the OFDM symbol duration of the current digital parameters. In various examples, the time gap (e.g., duration 310) can cover one reference signal transmission or monitoring opportunity, or multiple reference signal transmission or monitoring opportunities.

[0117] Figure 4A and Figure 4B Examples of duration modes 400 and 450 for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. Duration modes 400 and 450 can be illustrated in reference to... Figure 2 The duration mode used in the described wireless communication system 200, and may include references Figure 3 The duration mode 300 is described in terms of various aspects. Each of duration modes 400 and 450 may include a reference signal 315 associated with a beam 230 corresponding to four different bandwidth portions (e.g., BWP1 to BWP4). Duration modes 400 and 450 include one or more durations 310, which may be associated with a duration mode that can be indicated to the UE 115 in a beam measurement configuration. In some examples, duration mode 400, duration mode 450, or both may be configured by explicit indication of duration 310 (e.g., based on indicated offset 320, periodicity 330, or length 340, or any combination thereof).

[0118] Figure 4AAn example of duration pattern 400 is shown, in which, for each duration 310-b, the duration pattern includes a reference signal 315-b corresponding to a single beam, or otherwise associated with a single bandwidth portion during each duration 310-b. Each duration 310-b may include a first portion 316-b (e.g., the first portion 316-b-1 of duration 310-b-1) between the start of duration 310-b and the reference signal 315-b, during which the UE 115 may perform a retuning operation. Each duration 310-b also includes a second portion 317-b (e.g., the second portion 317-b-1 of duration 310-b-1), during which the corresponding reference signal 315-b of beam 230 may be monitored or measured. In some examples, each duration 310-b may include a third portion 318-b (e.g., the third portion 318-b-1 of duration 310-b-1) between the reference signal 315-b and the end of duration 310-b, during which the UE 115 may perform another retuning operation. In some examples, duration mode 400 may be configured by explicit indication of duration 310 for each of the associated bandwidth portions, or configured as an aggregated explicit indication for all associated bandwidth portions.

[0119] Figure 4BAn example of duration mode 450 is shown, which includes a reference signal 315-c corresponding to a plurality of beams 230 during each duration 310-c (e.g., duration 310-a-1), or otherwise associated with a plurality of bandwidth portions of each duration 310-c. Each duration 310-c may include a first portion 316-c (e.g., the first portion 316-c-1 of duration 310-c-1) between the start of duration 310-c and the first reference signal 315-c (e.g., reference signal 315-c-2 of duration 310-c-1), during which the UE 115 may perform a retuning operation. Each duration 310-c also includes a plurality of second portions 317-c (e.g., second portions 317-c-2 to 317-c-4 of duration 310-c-1), during which the reference signal 315-c may be monitored or measured. In some examples, each duration 310-c may include a third portion 318-c (e.g., the third portion 318-c-1 of duration 310-c-1) between the last reference signal 315-c (e.g., reference signal 315-c-4 of duration 310-c-1) and the end of duration 310-c, during which the UE 115 may perform another retuning operation. In some examples, each duration 310-c may include one or more fourth portions 319-c (e.g., fourth portions 319-c-1 and 319-c-2) between reference signals 315-c (e.g., between reference signals 315-c-2 and 315-c-3, and between reference signals 315-c-3 and 315-c-4), during which the UE 115 may perform other retuning operations. In some examples, duration mode 400 can be configured by explicitly indicating duration 310 for a set of two or more of the associated bandwidth segments.

[0120] Figure 5 An example of a duration mode 500 for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Duration mode 500 can be illustrated as being applicable to reference... Figure 2 The duration mode used in the described wireless communication system 200, and may include references Figure 3 The duration mode 300 is described in various aspects. Duration mode 500 can be associated with four different bandwidth portions (e.g., BWP 1 to BWP 4), and reference signal 315-d is shown in three of the bandwidth portions. Duration mode 500 includes three durations 310, which can be associated with a duration mode that can be indicated to UE 115 in a beam measurement configuration.

[0121] In the example of duration mode 500, the mode of duration 310-d can be determined based on a reference signal 315-d (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS) used for beam measurement. For example, the network can (e.g., via satellite 120, via gateway 210, via base station 105) indicate an interval 520-a (e.g., time interval, reference signal interval, reference signal length) during which UE 115 is configured to measure reference signal 315-d for beam measurement purposes. The network can indicate an interval 520-a-1 for monitoring reference signal 315-d-1 on the bandwidth portion BWP 2, relative to reference signal 315-d-1, and so on. For the indicated interval 520-a, time gaps can be created around reference signal 315-d or interval 520-a (e.g., for the purpose of retuning components of UE 115). For example, a left gap 510-a can be created before the reference signal 315-d begins, and a right gap 530-a can be created after the reference signal 315-d ends. As a result, the duration of the corresponding duration 310-d can be determined (e.g., by UE 115) as the sum of the left gap 510-a, the interval 520-a, and the right gap 530-a (e.g., duration 310-d-1 is the sum of the left gap 510-a-1, the interval 520-a-1, and the right gap 530-a-1).

[0122] In some examples, the duration of the left gap 510-a, the duration of the right gap 530-a, or both may depend on the capabilities of the UE 115, such as the time involved in retuning the UE 115's frequency (e.g., tuning the UE 115's radio to a different frequency). For example, if the currently serving beam is on BWP 1, the duration of the left gap 510-a-1 may be determined at least in part based on the duration of retuning the radio from BWP 1 to BWP 2 to monitor the reference signal 315-d-1. Additionally or alternatively, the duration of the left gap 510-a, the duration of the right gap 530-a, or both may depend on the capability or duration of changing the UE 115's beam (e.g., changing to a different analog or digital receive beam).

[0123] Figure 6A and Figure 6B Examples of duration modes 600 and 650 for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure are shown. Duration modes 600 and 650 can be illustrated in reference to... Figure 2 The duration mode used in the described wireless communication system 200, and may include references Figure 3 and Figure 5The duration modes 300 or 500 are described in various aspects. Duration modes 600 and 650 include one or more durations 310 for the corresponding reference signal 315, which may be associated with a duration mode that can be indicated to the UE 115 in a beam measurement configuration.

[0124] In some examples, the network can indicate to UE 115 whether two durations 310 can be merged. If the durations 310 are close in time, connected, or intersect, this can support shortening the durations 310 into the merging interval. For example, UE 115 can operate in BWP 1 corresponding to the first beam 230 and can be configured to use BWP 2 to monitor a reference signal on the second beam 230 and use BWP 3 to monitor a reference signal on the third beam 230. Therefore, UE 115 can perform frequency tuning, beam tuning (e.g., receive beam tuning), or both to monitor reference signals on the second and third beams 230.

[0125] In reference duration mode 600, to support monitoring of reference signals 315-e-1 and 315-e-2 (which may correspond to reference signals of the referenced second beam 230 and third beam 230), UE 115 can be configured with durations 310-e-1 and 310-e-2 that are continuous in the time domain (e.g., the end of duration 310-e-1 coincides with the start of duration 310-e-3). Therefore, in some examples, UE 115 can perform a first tuning operation 610-a between BWP 1 and BWP 2 to support monitoring of reference signal 315-e-1 in BWP 2. UE 115 can perform a second tuning operation 610-b to return to BWP 1 (e.g., as a default retuning in the configured third part 318 or the identified right gap 530 of duration 310-e-1). UE 115 can perform a third tuning operation 610-c between BWP 1 and BWP 3 to support monitoring of reference signal 315-e-2 in BWP 3, and UE 115 can perform a fourth tuning operation 610-d to return to BWP 1 again. Therefore, in the example of duration mode 600, the combined gap duration can be equal to the sum of duration 310-e-1 and duration 310-e-2.

[0126] In another example, in reference duration mode 650, to support monitoring of reference signals 315-f-1 and 315-f-2 (which may correspond to reference signals of the referenced second beam 230 and third beam 230), UE 115 can be configured with durations 310-f-1 and 310-f-2 that overlap in the time domain (e.g., the end of duration 310-f-1 overlaps with the beginning of duration 310-f-2 in time). Therefore, in some examples, UE 115 can perform a first tuning operation 610-e between BWP 1 and BWP 2 to support monitoring of reference signal 315-f-1 in BWP 2. UE 115 can perform a second tuning operation 610-f between BWP 2 and BWP 3 to support monitoring of reference signal 315-f-2 in BWP 3, and UE 115 can perform a third tuning operation 610-g to return to BWP 1. Therefore, in the example of duration mode 650, the combined gap duration can be shorter than (e.g., less than) the sum of durations 310-f-1 and 310-f-2, and UE 115 can perform fewer retuning operations to monitor the same number of reference signals 315 on different bandwidth portions corresponding to different beams 230. Thus, in some examples, the network can advantageously configure the overlap duration 310 according to duration mode 650 to further improve efficiency related to beam measurement and selection.

[0127] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 705 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communication manager 720. Device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0128] Receiver 710 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information related to beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system, etc.). The information may be transmitted to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0129] Transmitter 715 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 705. In some examples, transmitter 715 may be co-located with receiver 710 in transceiver module. Transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0130] The communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein.

[0131] In some examples, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). This circuit may include a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0132] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 720, receiver 710, transmitter 715, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be executed by a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device.

[0133] In some examples, the communication manager 720 can be configured to use the receiver 710, the transmitter 715, or both, or otherwise cooperate with them to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, sending).

[0134] Communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at the UE according to the examples disclosed herein. For example, communication manager 720 may be configured to provide or support components for receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio to that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Communication manager 720 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the bandwidth set associated with a beam in the beam set according to the beam frequency mapping, at least in part based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration. Communication manager 720 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a channel quality metric for a beam based on the reference signal in the monitored bandwidth portion. Communication manager 720 may be configured to provide or support components for performing communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0135] By including or configuring a communication manager 720 according to the examples described herein, device 705 can support improved techniques for beam measurement and mobility in wireless communication systems. For example, by supporting duration modes for beam monitoring that include both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more retuning durations (e.g., gap duration), device 705 can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining communication links using different beams 230 associated with different bandwidth portions. For example, communication manager 720 can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum. Such improvements may be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where movement of transmitting equipment (e.g., satellites), receiving equipment (e.g., device 705), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain communication links.

[0136] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 805 may be an example of aspects of device 705 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communication manager 820. Device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0137] Receiver 810 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information related to beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system, etc.). The information may be transmitted to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0138] Transmitter 815 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 805. In some examples, transmitter 815 may be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0139] Device 805 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, communication manager 820 may include beam measurement configuration component 825, reference signal monitoring component 830, channel quality determination component 835, communication component 840, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 820 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 720 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 820 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both, or otherwise cooperate with them to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting).

[0140] Communication manager 820 may support wireless communication at the UE according to the examples disclosed herein. Beam measurement configuration component 825 may be configured to provide or support components for receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio for that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Reference signal monitoring component 830 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the bandwidth portion set associated with a beam in the beam set according to the beam frequency mapping, based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration. Channel quality determination component 835 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a channel quality metric for a beam based on the reference signal in the monitored bandwidth portion. Communication component 840 may be configured to provide or support components for performing communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0141] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 of a communication manager 920 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The communication manager 920 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 720, communication manager 820, or both described herein. The communication manager 920 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may include a beam measurement configuration component 925, a reference signal monitoring component 930, a channel quality determination component 935, a communication component 940, a radio component 945, a downlink communication monitoring component 950, a monitoring duration determination component 955, and a channel quality indication component 960. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0142] Communication manager 920 may support wireless communication at the UE according to the examples disclosed herein. Beam measurement configuration component 925 may be configured to provide or support components for receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio for that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the bandwidth portion set associated with a beam in the beam set according to the beam frequency mapping, based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration. Channel quality determination component 935 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a channel quality metric for a beam based on the reference signal in the monitored bandwidth portion. Communication component 940 may be configured to provide or support components for performing communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0143] In some examples, for monitoring purposes, radio component 945 may be configured to provide or support components for tuning the UE's radio from a second bandwidth portion to a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern. In some examples, for monitoring purposes, reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring the reference signal in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a second portion of the duration following the first portion.

[0144] In some examples, for monitoring purposes, radio component 945 may be configured to provide or support components for tuning the UE's radio from the bandwidth portion associated with the beam to the second bandwidth portion during a third portion of the duration following the second portion.

[0145] In some examples, the monitoring duration determination component 955 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a first portion, a third portion, or both of the duration based on a reference signal pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration and indication.

[0146] In some examples, the monitoring duration determination component 955 can be configured to provide or support components for determining a first portion, a third portion, or both of the duration based on the UE's tuning capability.

[0147] In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the monitoring duration determination component 955 may be configured to provide or support components for identifying overlap between the duration and the indicated duration pattern during an overlapping duration period following the second portion of the duration. In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the radio component 945 may be configured to provide or support components for tuning the UE's radio from a bandwidth portion associated with the beam to a third bandwidth portion of the set of bandwidth portions mapped according to the beam frequency during the overlapping duration. In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a second reference signal in the third bandwidth portion associated with the second beam during the second duration.

[0148] In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a first duration of the indicated duration mode. In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the bandwidth portion set, mapped according to the beam frequency, associated with a second beam in the beam set, during a second duration of the indicated duration mode.

[0149] In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during the duration of the indicated duration mode. In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the reference signal monitoring component 930 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the bandwidth portion set, mapped according to the beam frequency and associated with a second beam in the beam set, during the duration of the indicated duration mode.

[0150] In some examples, the downlink communication monitoring component 950 can be configured to provide or support components for suppressing the monitoring of downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0151] In some examples, the beam measurement configuration may include an indication of the periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof of the duration of the duration pattern.

[0152] In some examples, the monitoring duration determination component 955 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a first portion of the duration within the indicated duration mode and based on an indication of a reference signal mode for monitoring the reference signal. In some examples, the monitoring duration determination component 955 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a second portion of the duration prior to the first portion within the indicated duration mode and based on the beam measurement configuration for retuning the UE's radio.

[0153] In some examples, the reference signal mode may include a channel state information reference signal mode or a synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

[0154] In some examples, in order to perform communication, the channel quality indication component 960 can be configured to provide or support a component for transmitting an indication of the channel quality metric for that beam.

[0155] In some examples, in order to receive beam measurement configuration, beam measurement configuration component 925 can be configured to provide or support components for receiving the beam measurement configuration from nodes of a non-terrestrial network.

[0156] In some examples, for monitoring purposes, the reference signal monitoring component 930 can be configured to provide or support components for monitoring beam transmission of nodes in non-terrestrial networks.

[0157] Figure 10 A diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1005 may be an example of or include components of the devices 705, 805, or UE 115 described herein. Device 1005 can wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1005 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1010, an I / O controller 1015, a transceiver 1020, an antenna 1025, a memory 1030, a code 1035, and a processor 1040. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operative ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045).

[0158] I / O controller 1015 can manage the input and output signals of device 1005. I / O controller 1015 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1005. In some cases, I / O controller 1015 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1015 can utilize, for example... The operating system or another known operating system. In other cases, the I / O controller 1015 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1015 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I / O controller 1015 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1015.

[0159] In some cases, device 1005 may include a single antenna 1025. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. As described herein, transceiver 1020 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1025, a wired or wireless link. For example, transceiver 1020 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1020 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1025 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from one or more antennas 1025. Transceiver 1020, or transceiver 1020 and one or more antennas 1025, may be an example of transmitter 715, transmitter 815, receiver 710, receiver 810, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0160] Memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035, including instructions that, when executed by processor 1040, cause device 1005 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1035 may not be directly executable by processor 1040, but may instead cause a computer (e.g., at compile and execution time) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1030 may, among other things, include a basic input / output system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0161] Processor 1040 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, central processing units (CPUs), microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1040 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1040. Processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1030) to cause device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system).

[0162] Communication manager 1010 may support wireless communication at the UE according to the examples disclosed herein. For example, communication manager 1010 may be configured to provide or support components for receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio to that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Communication manager 1010 may be configured to provide or support components for monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the bandwidth set associated with a beam in the beam set according to the beam frequency mapping, at least in part based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration. Communication manager 1010 may be configured to provide or support components for determining a channel quality metric for a beam based on the reference signal in the monitored bandwidth portion. Communication manager 1010 may be configured to provide or support components for performing communication based on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0163] By including or configuring a communication manager 1010 according to the examples described herein, device 1005 can support improved techniques for beam measurement and mobility in wireless communication systems. For example, by supporting duration modes for beam monitoring that include both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more retuning durations (e.g., gap duration), device 1005 can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining communication links using different beams 230 associated with different bandwidth portions. For example, communication manager 1010 can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum. Such improvements may be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where movement of transmitting devices (e.g., satellites), receiving devices (e.g., device 1005), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain communication links. Therefore, the communication manager 1010 can improve the user experience associated with the device 1005 by supporting more reliable, flexible, or diverse technologies for maintaining communication links.

[0164] In some examples, the communication manager 1010 may be configured to cooperate with transceiver 1020, one or more antennas 1025, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1010 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1010 may be supported or performed by processor 1040, memory 1030, code 1035, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1035 may include instructions executable by processor 1040 to cause device 1005 to perform various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein, or processor 1040 and memory 1030 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0165] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. In various examples, device 1105 may be an example of a satellite 120, a gateway 210, a combination of satellite 120 and gateway 210 as described herein, or aspects of a base station 105. Device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a transmitter 1115, and a communication manager 1120. Device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0166] Receiver 1110 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information related to beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system, etc.). The information may be transmitted to other components of device 1105. Receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0167] Transmitter 1115 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1105. In some examples, transmitter 1115 may be co-located with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1115 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0168] Communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein.

[0169] In some examples, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). This circuit may include a processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0170] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1120, receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be executed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device.

[0171] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 can be configured to use the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1115, or both, or otherwise cooperate with them to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, sending).

[0172] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1120 can support wireless communication at nodes in a non-terrestrial network. For example, the communication manager 1120 can be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a duration pattern indicating a reference signal monitoring associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio to that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. The communication manager 1120 can be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a reference signal of the beam set based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0173] By including or configuring a communication manager 1120 according to the examples described herein, device 1105 can support improved techniques for beam measurement and mobility in wireless communication systems. For example, by indicating a duration pattern for beam monitoring that includes both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more retuning durations (e.g., gap duration), device 1105 can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining a communication link with UE 115 using different beams 230 associated with different bandwidth portions. For example, communication manager 1120 can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum. Such improvements can be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where movement of the transmitting device (e.g., device 1105), the receiving device (e.g., UE 115), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain a communication link.

[0174] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. In various examples, device 1205 may be an example of a device 1105 as described herein, satellite 120, gateway 210, a combination of satellite 120 and gateway 210, or aspects of base station 105. Device 1205 may include receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, and communication manager 1220. Device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0175] Receiver 1210 may provide components for receiving information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information related to beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system, etc.). The information may be transmitted to other components of device 1205. Receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0176] Transmitter 1215 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 1205. In some examples, transmitter 1215 may be co-located with receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 1215 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0177] Device 1205 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, communication manager 1220 may include beam measurement configuration indication component 1225, reference signal transmission component 1230, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1220 may be examples of various aspects of communication manager 1120 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1220 or its various components may be configured to use receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or both, or otherwise cooperate with them to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting).

[0178] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1220 can support wireless communication at nodes in a non-terrestrial network. The beam measurement configuration indication component 1225 can be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio to that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. The reference signal transmission component 1230 can be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a reference signal for the beam set based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0179] Figure 13A block diagram 1300 of a communication manager 1320 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1320 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1120, communication manager 1220, or both described herein. The communication manager 1320 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1320 may include a beam measurement configuration indication component 1325, a reference signal transmission component 1330, a downlink communication transmission component 1335, a channel quality indication reception component 1340, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0180] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1320 can support wireless communication at nodes in a non-terrestrial network. The beam measurement configuration indication component 1325 can be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio to that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. The reference signal transmission component 1330 can be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a reference signal for the beam set based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0181] In some examples, in order to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support components for suppressing the transmission of the reference signal during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern. In some examples, in order to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support components for transmitting the reference signal during a second portion of the duration following the first portion.

[0182] In some examples, in order to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support components for suppressing the transmission of the reference signal during the third part of the duration following the second part.

[0183] In some examples, in order to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support components for suppressing the transmission of the reference signal after the second portion of the duration and during the overlap of the duration with the second duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0184] In some examples, for transmitting a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a first reference signal of a first beam in the beam set using a first bandwidth portion of the bandwidth portion set associated with the first beam according to the beam frequency mapping during a first duration of the indicated duration mode. In some examples, for transmitting a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a second reference signal of a second beam in the beam set using a second bandwidth portion of the bandwidth portion set associated with the second beam according to the beam frequency mapping, which is different from the first bandwidth portion, during a second duration of the indicated duration mode.

[0185] In some examples, in order to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal transmitting component 1330 may be configured to provide or support a component for transmitting a first reference signal of a first beam in the beam set using a first bandwidth portion associated with the first beam according to the beam frequency mapping during the duration of the indicated duration pattern, and for transmitting a second reference signal of a second beam in the beam set using a second bandwidth portion associated with the second beam according to the beam frequency mapping, which is different from the first bandwidth portion.

[0186] In some examples, the downlink communication transmission component 1335 may be configured to provide or support components for suppressing the transmission of downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated duration mode.

[0187] In some examples, the beam measurement configuration may include indications of periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof associated with the duration pattern.

[0188] In some examples, the beam measurement configuration may include an indication of one or more gap portions for retuning operations during the duration of the duration mode, based on an indicated reference signal mode.

[0189] In some examples, the reference signal mode indicated includes the channel state information reference signal mode or the synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

[0190] In some examples, the channel quality indication receiving component 1340 may be configured to provide or support components for receiving from the UE an indication of one or more channel quality metrics determined by the UE for the beam set.

[0191] Figure 14A diagram of a system 1400 including a device 1405 supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1405 may be an example of or including a device 1105, device 1205, satellite 120, gateway 210, a combination of satellite 120 and gateway 210 as described herein, or a base station 105. Device 1405 may wirelessly communicate with one or more base stations 105, UE 115, or any combination thereof. Device 1405 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1410, a network communication manager 1415, a transceiver 1420, an antenna 1425, a memory 1430, code 1435, a processor 1440, and an inter-station communication manager 1445. These components may communicate electronically or be otherwise coupled (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450).

[0192] The network communication manager 1415 can manage (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links) communication with the core network. For example, the network communication manager 1415 can manage the delivery of data communication for client devices (such as one or more UEs 115).

[0193] In some cases, device 1405 may include a single antenna 1425. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1425, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. As described herein, transceiver 1420 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1425, a wired or wireless link. For example, transceiver 1420 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1420 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1425 for transmission, as well as demodulate packets received from one or more antennas 1425. Transceiver 1420, or transceiver 1420 and one or more antennas 1425, may be an example of transmitter 1115, transmitter 1215, receiver 1110, receiver 1210, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0194] Memory 1430 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 1430 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1435, including instructions that, when executed by processor 1440, cause device 1405 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1435 may not be directly executable by processor 1440, but may instead cause the computer (e.g., at compile and execution time) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1430 may, among other things, contain a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0195] Processor 1440 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, central processing units (CPUs), microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1440 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1440. Processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1430) to cause device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system).

[0196] Inter-site communication manager 1445 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating communication with UE 115 with other base stations 105. For example, inter-site communication manager 1445 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1445 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0197] According to the examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 1410 may support wireless communication (e.g., at nodes in a non-terrestrial network). For example, the communication manager 1410 may be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a beam set and for tuning the UE's radio to that reference signal monitoring, each beam in the beam set being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion in a set of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. The communication manager 1410 may be configured to provide or support components for transmitting a reference signal for the beam set based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each beam in the beam set using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0198] By including or configuring a communication manager 1410 according to the examples described herein, device 1405 can support improved techniques for beam measurement and mobility in wireless communication systems. For example, by indicating a duration pattern for beam monitoring that includes both measurement duration (e.g., the duration for measuring or receiving a reference signal corresponding to a beam) and one or more retuning durations (e.g., gap duration), device 1405 can support improved flexibility and responsiveness in maintaining communication links within UE 115 using different beams 230 associated with different bandwidth portions. For example, communication manager 1410 can enable faster, more efficient, or more flexible beam selection, among other benefits, in systems that associate corresponding beams with different bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum. Such improvements can be particularly beneficial in high-mobility scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks, where movement of transmitting devices (e.g., device 1405), receiving devices (e.g., UE 115), or both may involve relatively frequent reselection of beams and corresponding bandwidth portions to maintain communication links. Therefore, including the communication manager 1410, the user experience associated with UE 115 can be improved by supporting more reliable, flexible, or diverse technologies for maintaining communication links.

[0199] In some examples, the communication manager 1410 may be configured to cooperate with transceiver 1420, one or more antennas 1425, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1410 is shown as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1410 may be supported or performed by processor 1440, memory 1430, code 1435, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1435 may include instructions executable by processor 1440 to cause device 1405 to perform various aspects of beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system as described herein, or processor 1440 and memory 1430 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0200] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for beam measurement timing in a supporting wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0201] At 1505, the method may include receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for reference signal monitoring associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning the radio of the UE to the reference signal monitoring, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Operation of 1505 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be determined by reference to... Figure 9 The described beam measurement configuration component 925 is used to perform this.

[0202] At 1510, the method may include monitoring a reference signal in the bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions that is associated with a beam in the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping, based at least in part on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration. Operation 1510 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1510 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 9 The reference signal monitoring component 930 described herein is used to perform this function.

[0203] At 1515, the method may include determining a channel quality metric for the beam based at least in part on monitoring a reference signal within that bandwidth portion. Operation 1515 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation 1515 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 9 The described channel quality determination component 935 performs this function.

[0204] At 1520, the method may include performing communication at least in part based on a determined channel quality metric of the beam. The operation at 1520 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 9 The described communication component 940 is used to perform this.

[0205] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for beam measurement timing in a supporting wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0206] At 1605, the method may include receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for reference signal monitoring associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning the radio of the UE to the reference signal monitoring, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Operation of 1605 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be determined by reference to... Figure 9 The described beam measurement configuration component 925 is used to perform this.

[0207] At 1610, the method may include monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions that is associated with a beam among the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping, based at least in part on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration. In some examples, the monitoring may include: tuning the UE's radio from a second bandwidth portion to the bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern; and monitoring the reference signal in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a second portion of the duration following the first portion. Operation of 1610 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be provided by reference to Figure 9The reference signal monitoring component 930 described herein is used to perform this function.

[0208] At 1615, the method may include determining a channel quality metric for the beam based at least in part on monitoring a reference signal within that bandwidth portion. Operation 1615 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation 1615 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 9 The described channel quality determination component 935 performs this function.

[0209] At 1620, the method may include performing communication at least in part based on a determined channel quality metric of the beam. The operation at 1620 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1620 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 9 The described communication component 940 is used to perform this.

[0210] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for beam measurement timing in a supporting wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 10 The UE 115 described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0211] At 1705, the method may include receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for reference signal monitoring associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning a radio of the UE to the reference signal monitoring, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Operation of 1705 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be determined by reference to... Figure 9 The described beam measurement configuration component 925 is used to perform this.

[0212] At 1710, the method may include determining a first portion of the duration for monitoring the reference signal, within the duration of the indicated duration pattern and at least in part based on the indication of the reference signal pattern. Operation 1710 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 9 The described monitoring duration is determined by component 955.

[0213] At 1715, the method may include determining a second portion of the duration preceding the first portion, within the duration of the indicated duration pattern and based at least in part on the beam measurement configuration, for retuning the UE's radio. Operation 1715 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 9 The described monitoring duration is determined by component 955.

[0214] At 1720, the method may include, at least in part, monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions that is associated with a beam in the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping, based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration (e.g., during the duration of the indicated duration pattern). Operation 1720 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1720 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 9 The reference signal monitoring component 930 described herein is used to perform this function.

[0215] At 1725, the method may include determining a channel quality metric for the beam based at least in part on monitoring a reference signal within that bandwidth portion. Operation at 1725 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation at 1725 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 9 The described channel quality determination component 935 performs this function.

[0216] At 1730, the method may include performing communication at least in part based on a determined channel quality metric of the beam. The operation at 1730 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1730 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 9 The described communication component 940 is used to perform this.

[0217] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The operation of method 1800 can be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 6B and Figures 11 to 14 The described devices 1105, 1205, 1405, satellite 120, gateway 210, combinations of satellite 120 and gateway 210, or base station 105 are implemented. In some examples, such devices or systems may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, such devices or systems may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0218] At 1805, the method may include transmitting a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration mode for reference signal monitoring associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning the UE’s radio to the reference signal monitoring, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Operation at 1805 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1805 may be determined by, as referenced... Figure 13 The described beam measurement configuration is instructed by component 1325 to perform.

[0219] At 1810, the method may include transmitting reference signals of the plurality of beams at least in part based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signals includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each of the plurality of beams using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping. Operation 1810 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1810 may be determined by reference to... Figure 13 The reference signal transmitting component 1330 described herein shall perform this action.

[0220] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for beam measurement timing in a wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1900 can be implemented by a base station or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1900 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 6B and Figures 11 to 14 The described base station 105 performs this function. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0221] At 1905, the method may include transmitting a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration mode for reference signal monitoring associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning the UE’s radio to the reference signal monitoring, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. Operation at 1905 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation at 1905 may be determined by reference to... Figure 13 The described beam measurement configuration is instructed by component 1325 to perform.

[0222] At 1910, the method may include transmitting reference signals of the plurality of beams at least in part based on a duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signals includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each of the plurality of beams using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping. Operation 1910 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1910 may be determined by reference to... Figure 13 The reference signal transmitting component 1330 described herein shall perform this action.

[0223] At 1915, the method may include suppressing downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated duration pattern. The operation at 1915 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1915 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 13 The downlink communication sending component 1335 described herein is used to perform this action.

[0224] At 1920, the method may include (e.g., from the UE) receiving an indication of one or more defined channel quality metrics for one of the plurality of beams. Operation at 1920 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation at 1920 may be derived from, as referenced... Figure 13 The described channel quality instruction is performed by the receiving component 1340.

[0225] It should be noted that the methods described herein depict possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0226] The following provides an overview of various aspects of this disclosure:

[0227] Aspect 1: A method for performing wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning a radio of the UE for the monitoring of the reference signal, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of a radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions associated with a beam of the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping based at least in part on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration; determining a channel quality metric for the beam based at least in part on the monitoring of the reference signal in the bandwidth portion; and performing communication based at least in part on the determined channel quality metric for the beam.

[0228] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the monitoring includes: during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern, tuning the radio of the UE from a second bandwidth portion to a bandwidth portion associated with the beam; and during a second portion of the duration following the first portion, monitoring the reference signal in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam.

[0229] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, wherein the monitoring includes: during a third portion of the duration after the second portion, tuning the radio of the UE from the bandwidth portion associated with the beam to the second bandwidth portion.

[0230] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3 further includes: determining a first portion of the duration, a third portion of the duration, or both, at least in part based on the beam measurement configuration and indicated reference signal pattern.

[0231] Aspect 5: The method according to aspect 3 or 4 further includes: determining a first portion of the duration, a third portion of the duration, or both, at least in part based on the tuning capability of the UE.

[0232] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 5, wherein the monitoring comprises: identifying an overlap of the duration with a second duration of an indicated duration pattern during an overlapping duration following a second portion of the duration; during the overlapping duration, tuning the radio of the UE from a bandwidth portion associated with the beam to a third bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions mapped according to the beam frequency; and monitoring a second reference signal in the third bandwidth portion associated with the second beam during the second duration.

[0233] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the monitoring comprises: monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during a first duration of an indicated duration pattern; and monitoring a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions associated with a second beam among the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping during a second duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0234] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the monitoring comprises: monitoring a reference signal in a bandwidth portion associated with the beam during the duration of an indicated duration pattern; and monitoring a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions associated with a second beam of the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0235] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8 further includes: suppressing the monitoring of downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0236] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein the beam measurement configuration includes an indication of the periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof of the duration of the duration pattern.

[0237] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10 further comprises: determining a first portion of the duration for monitoring the reference signal within the duration of the indicated duration pattern and based at least in part on the indication of a reference signal pattern; and determining a second portion of the duration prior to the first portion for retuning the radio of the UE within the duration of the indicated duration pattern and based at least in part on the beam measurement configuration.

[0238] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, the reference signal mode includes a channel state information reference signal mode or a synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

[0239] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12, wherein performing communication includes: transmitting an indication of a channel quality metric for the beam.

[0240] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13, wherein receiving the beam measurement configuration comprises: receiving the beam measurement configuration from a node of a non-terrestrial network.

[0241] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, wherein the monitoring includes: monitoring the beam transmission of nodes of a non-terrestrial network.

[0242] Aspect 16: A method for wireless communication at a node in a non-terrestrial network, the method comprising: transmitting a beam measurement configuration indicating a duration pattern for monitoring a reference signal associated with a plurality of beams and for tuning a radio of a UE for the reference signal monitoring, each of the plurality of beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of a plurality of bandwidth portions of a radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping; transmitting a reference signal of the plurality of beams at least in part based on the duration pattern indicated by the beam measurement configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signal comprises transmitting a corresponding reference signal of each of the plurality of beams using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping.

[0243] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 16, wherein transmitting the reference signal comprises: suppressing the transmission of the reference signal during a first portion of the duration of the indicated duration pattern; and transmitting the reference signal during a second portion of the duration after the first portion.

[0244] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes: suppressing the transmission of the reference signal during a third portion of the duration following the second portion.

[0245] Aspect 19: The method according to aspect 17 or 18, wherein transmitting the reference signal includes: suppressing the transmission of the reference signal after the second portion of the duration and during the overlap of the duration with the second duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0246] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 19, wherein transmitting the reference signal comprises: during a first duration of an indicated duration pattern, transmitting a first reference signal of a first beam of the plurality of beams using a first bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions associated with a first beam according to the beam frequency mapping; and during a second duration of the indicated duration pattern, transmitting a second reference signal of a second beam of the plurality of beams using a second bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions associated with a second beam according to the beam frequency mapping, which is different from the first bandwidth portion.

[0247] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 19, wherein transmitting the reference signal comprises: during the duration of an indicated duration pattern, transmitting a first reference signal of the first beam of the plurality of beams using a first bandwidth portion associated with the first beam according to the beam frequency mapping, and transmitting a second reference signal of the second beam of the plurality of beams using a second bandwidth portion associated with the second beam according to the beam frequency mapping, which is different from the first bandwidth portion.

[0248] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 21 further includes: suppressing the transmission of downlink data or downlink control during the duration of the indicated duration pattern.

[0249] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 22, wherein the beam measurement configuration includes an indication of periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof associated with the duration pattern.

[0250] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 23, wherein the beam measurement configuration includes an indication of one or more gap portions of a retuning operation during the duration of the duration mode, which is determined at least in part based on an indicated reference signal mode.

[0251] Aspect 25: The method according to aspect 24, wherein the indicated reference signal mode includes a channel state information reference signal mode or a synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

[0252] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of aspects 16 to 25 further includes: receiving from the UE an indication of a channel quality metric determined by the UE for one or more of the plurality of beams.

[0253] Aspect 27: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15.

[0254] Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15.

[0255] Aspect 29: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 15.

[0256] Aspect 30: An apparatus for wireless communication at a node of a non-terrestrial network, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of aspects 16 to 26.

[0257] Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication at a node of a non-terrestrial network, comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 26.

[0258] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at nodes of a non-terrestrial network, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 16 to 26.

[0259] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, or NR may be used in many descriptions, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0260] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0261] The various illustrative boxes and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0262] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented as software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0263] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the definition of computer-readable media includes coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs reproduce data optically using lasers. The combination of these is also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0264] Furthermore, as used herein, including in the claims, the "or" signifies a list of inclusion, such as in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with phrases such as "at least one of..." or "one or more of..."), such that at least one of A, B, or C represents A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B as well as C). Moreover, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0265] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference label and a second reference numeral to differentiate them. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0266] This document describes exemplary configurations with reference to the accompanying drawings and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "exemplary" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," not "preferred" or "superior to other examples." Detailed descriptions, including specific details, are provided to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0267] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and other variations can be applied to the general principles defined herein without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: At least one processor; A memory coupled to the at least one processor; as well as Instructions, stored in the memory and operable when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: The receiver indicates the configuration of a mode for one or more durations of reference signal monitoring associated with multiple beams and for tuning a radio to a user equipment (UE) for the reference signal monitoring, each of the multiple beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of multiple bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. The device monitors, at least in part, reference signals in the bandwidth portions associated with beams among the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping, based on a pattern indicated by the configuration, wherein the instructions for the monitoring are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: During the first portion of the duration of the indicated mode, the UE's radio is tuned from the second bandwidth portion to the bandwidth portion associated with the beam; During a second portion of the duration following the first portion, the reference signal is monitored in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam; and Communication is performed at least in part based on a channel quality metric of the beam, which is at least in part based on monitoring a reference signal in the bandwidth portion.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions for the monitoring are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: During the third portion of the duration following the second portion, the UE's radio is tuned from the bandwidth portion associated with the beam to the second bandwidth portion.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The first portion of the duration, the third portion of the duration, or both are at least partially based on the configuration and indicated reference signal pattern.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The first portion of the duration, the third portion of the duration, or both are at least partially based on the tuning capability of the UE.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, When the instructions for monitoring are executed by the at least one processor, the device: According to the beam frequency mapping, during a first duration that follows the second portion of the duration and overlaps with the second duration of the indicated pattern, the radio of the UE is tuned from the bandwidth portion associated with the beam to a third bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions associated with the second beam. as well as During the second duration, a second reference signal is monitored in the third bandwidth portion associated with the second beam.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions for the monitoring are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: During the first duration of the indicated pattern, a reference signal in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam is monitored; as well as During the second duration of the indicated pattern, a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions, which is associated with a second beam among the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping, is monitored.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions for the monitoring are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: During the duration of the indicated pattern, a reference signal in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam is monitored; as well as During the indicated duration of the pattern, a second reference signal in a second bandwidth portion of the plurality of bandwidth portions, which is associated with a second beam among the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping, is monitored.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may also operate the device to: Suppress monitoring of downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during one or more durations of the indicated mode.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The configuration includes an indication of the periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof of the one or more durations of the indicated pattern.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may also operate the device to: The reference signal is monitored during the second portion of the duration of the indicated pattern, the monitoring being at least in part based on the indication of the reference signal pattern.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein, The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may also operate the device to: The radio of the UE is retuned during the first portion of the duration of the indicated mode, at least in part based on the configuration.

12. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein, The reference signal mode includes the channel state information reference signal mode, the synchronization signal block mode, or a combination thereof.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a transceiver, wherein, The instructions for performing the communication are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: The transceiver transmits an indication of channel quality metrics for the beam, wherein the device is configured as a user equipment.

14. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions for receiving the configuration are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: The configuration is received from a node in a non-terrestrial network.

15. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The instructions for the monitoring are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the device to: Monitor the beam transmission of nodes in non-terrestrial networks.

16. A node in a non-terrestrial network, comprising: transceiver; At least one processor; A memory coupled to the at least one processor; as well as Instructions, stored in the memory and operable by the at least one processor, to cause the node to: The transceiver transmits a configuration of a mode for one or more durations of reference signal monitoring associated with multiple beams and for tuning a user equipment (UE) radio for the reference signal monitoring, each of the multiple beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of multiple bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. as well as The transceiver transmits reference signals for the plurality of beams at least in part based on a pattern indicated by the configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signals includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each of the plurality of beams using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping, wherein the instructions for transmitting the reference signals are operable, when executed by the at least one processor, to cause the node to: Suppress the transmission of the reference signal during the first portion of the duration of the indicated pattern; as well as A reference signal is transmitted via the transceiver during the second portion of the duration following the first portion.

17. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The instructions used to send the reference signal, when executed by the at least one processor, are operable to cause the node to: The transmission of the reference signal is suppressed during the third portion of the duration following the second portion.

18. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The instructions used to send the reference signal, when executed by the processor, are operable to cause the node to: The reference signal is suppressed after the second portion of the duration and during the overlap of the duration with the second duration of the indicated pattern.

19. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The instructions used to send the reference signal, when executed by the at least one processor, are operable to cause the node to: During the first duration of the indicated mode, a first reference signal of the first beam among the plurality of beams is transmitted via the transceiver using a first bandwidth portion associated with the first beam according to the beam frequency mapping of the plurality of bandwidth portions. as well as During the second duration of the indicated mode, a second reference signal of the second beam among the plurality of beams is transmitted via the transceiver using a second bandwidth portion that is associated with the second beam according to the beam frequency mapping and is different from the first bandwidth portion.

20. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The instructions used to send the reference signal, when executed by the at least one processor, are operable to cause the node to: During the indicated duration of the mode, a first reference signal for the first beam of the plurality of beams is transmitted via the transceiver using a first bandwidth portion associated with the first beam according to the beam frequency mapping, and a second reference signal for the second beam of the plurality of beams is transmitted using a second bandwidth portion associated with the second beam according to the beam frequency mapping, which is different from the first bandwidth portion.

21. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may also operate to cause the node to: Suppress downlink data transmission or downlink control transmission during the duration of the indicated mode.

22. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The configuration includes indications of periodicity, duration, time offset, or any combination thereof associated with the pattern.

23. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The configuration includes an indication of one or more gap portions for retuning operations during the duration of the indicated reference signal mode, at least in part based on the indicated reference signal mode.

24. The node according to claim 23, wherein, The indicated reference signal mode includes the channel state information reference signal mode or the synchronization signal block mode or a combination thereof.

25. The node according to claim 16, wherein, The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may also operate to cause the node to: The transceiver receives from the UE an indication of a channel quality metric for one or more of the plurality of beams.

26. A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: The receiver is configured to receive a mode for monitoring a reference signal associated with multiple beams and for tuning the radio of the UE for one or more durations for the reference signal monitoring, each of the multiple beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of multiple bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. The monitoring of reference signals in the bandwidth portions associated with beams among the plurality of beams according to the beam frequency mapping is based at least in part on a pattern indicated by the configuration, wherein the monitoring includes: During the first portion of the duration of the indicated mode, the UE's radio is tuned from the second bandwidth portion to the bandwidth portion associated with the beam; and During a second portion of the duration following the first portion, the reference signal is monitored in the bandwidth portion associated with the beam; and Communication is performed at least in part based on a channel quality metric of the beam, which is at least in part based on monitoring a reference signal in the bandwidth portion.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein, The monitoring includes: During the third portion of the duration following the second portion, the UE's radio is tuned from the bandwidth portion associated with the beam to the second bandwidth portion.

28. A method for wireless communication by nodes of a non-terrestrial network, the method comprising: The transmission instruction configures a mode for one or more durations of reference signal monitoring associated with multiple beams and for tuning a radio to a user equipment (UE) for the reference signal monitoring, each of the multiple beams being associated with a corresponding bandwidth portion of multiple bandwidth portions of the radio frequency spectrum according to a beam frequency mapping. as well as Reference signals for the plurality of beams are transmitted at least in part based on a pattern indicated by the configuration, wherein transmitting the reference signals includes transmitting a corresponding reference signal for each of the plurality of beams using a corresponding bandwidth portion associated with each beam according to the beam frequency mapping, wherein transmitting the reference signals includes: Suppress the transmission of the reference signal during the first portion of the duration of the indicated pattern; and A reference signal is transmitted during the second portion of the duration following the first portion.

29. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of claims 26-28.

30. A computer program product comprising computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 26-28.

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