Method and apparatus for evaluating back-side gain of a dual-sided assembly, and storage medium, device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of back surface gain evaluation method, device and storage medium of double-sided assembly, equipment, method includes: recording the group string power of double-sided assembly first face, recorded as first power;Double-sided assembly is turned over, and the group string power of double-sided assembly second face is recorded, recorded as second power, wherein, second face is the face opposite corresponding first face;According to first power and second power, obtain the back surface gain of double-sided assembly.The method does not need to install back surface irradiation table, only by changing the installation mode of assembly, the back surface gain of double-sided assembly is calculated, accuracy is improved and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, storage medium, and device for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module. Background Technology

[0002] Bifacial modules are increasingly widely used in photovoltaic power plants. The back-side power gain of bifacial modules is related to many factors, including the bifaciality factor, ground reflectivity, support spacing, module installation height, module tilt angle, module width on a single support, back-side shading, module position in the string, solar azimuth angle, solar altitude angle, and direct irradiance ratio. Calculating the back-side power gain theoretically is extremely difficult. In related technologies, a common method is to measure the back-side optical gain by installing irradiance meters on both sides of the module, and then calculate the back-side power gain based on the back-side optical gain and the bifaciality factor. Here, back-side optical gain refers to the ratio of irradiance received on the back side of the bifacial module to that received on the front side; back-side power gain refers to the ratio of power generated on the back side of the bifacial module to that generated on the front side; and the bifaciality factor is the ratio of the photoelectric conversion efficiency on the back side to that on the front side of the bifacial module under STC (Standard Test Condition) conditions, also known as the bifaciality ratio, which is less than 1.

[0003] However, since parameters such as ground reflectivity, shading on the back of the module, and the module's position in the string are not fixed, the optical gain on the back of the module varies at different locations, and even within the same module, different areas have different optical gains. Furthermore, irradiance meters cannot directly measure the irradiance received on the back of the module; they can only measure the irradiance near the back. Therefore, the back optical gain measured by irradiance meters has a relatively large error. Moreover, in power plants installing bifacial modules, back gain (including back optical gain and back power gain) is a key factor affecting power generation. Back gain is not constant; it decreases when ground reflectivity decreases or when shading occurs on the back of the module. If maintenance personnel fail to detect this decrease in back gain in time, it will result in significant power loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, storage medium, and device for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module. This method eliminates the need for a back-side irradiance meter; it calculates the back-side gain of the bifacial module simply by changing the module mounting method, thereby improving accuracy and reducing costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module. The method includes: recording the string power of a first side of the bifacial module, denoted as a first power; flipping the bifacial module and recording the string power of a second side of the bifacial module, denoted as a second power, wherein the second side is the side opposite to the corresponding first side; and obtaining the back-side gain of the bifacial module based on the first power and the second power.

[0006] In addition, the method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: acquiring the first surface irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle of the bifacial module; inputting the first surface irradiance, the solar azimuth angle, and the solar altitude angle into a pre-trained irradiance evaluation model, and outputting the theoretical second surface irradiance of the bifacial module; obtaining the actual second surface irradiance of the bifacial module based on the back optical gain in the back gain and the first surface irradiance; and diagnosing the bifacial module based on the actual second surface irradiance and the theoretical second surface irradiance.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of diagnosing the bifacial module based on the actual second-side irradiance and the theoretical second-side irradiance includes: calculating a deviation rate based on the actual second-side irradiance and the theoretical second-side irradiance; if the deviation rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a set threshold, and continues for a preset time, then the diagnosis result is determined to be that the second-side irradiance of the bifacial module is low, and an alarm is issued.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, for a photovoltaic power station equipped with multiple bifacial modules, the method further includes: selecting a target module from the multiple bifacial modules; and obtaining the overall back-side gain of the photovoltaic power station based on the back-side gain of each target module.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, selecting a target component from a plurality of bifacial components includes: obtaining the component mounting surface and component mounting type of each bifacial component; and selecting the target component from the plurality of bifacial components according to the component mounting surface and the component mounting type.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the total back-side gain is obtained by the following formula: Total back-side gain = The back gain of the i-th target module × the capacity proportion of the module mounting ground and module mounting type represented by the i-th target module in the photovoltaic power plant, where n is the number of the target modules.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the back-side gain further includes a back-side power gain, which is obtained by the following formula:

[0013] Backside power gain = ,

[0014] Backside optical gain = ,

[0015] Wherein, P1 is the first power, and P2 is the second power. is the bifacial coefficient of the bifacial component.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the actual second surface irradiance is the product of the back optical gain and the first surface irradiance.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the deviation rate δ is calculated by the following formula:

[0018] δ = (Actual second-surface irradiance - Theoretical second-surface irradiance) / Theoretical second-surface irradiance

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method for evaluating the back side gain of a double-sided component.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the above-described method for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an evaluation device for the back-side gain of a bifacial module. The device includes: a recording module for recording the string power of a first side of the bifacial module, denoted as a first power, and recording the string power of a second side of the bifacial module, denoted as a second power, wherein the second side is the side opposite to the corresponding first side; a flipping module for flipping the bifacial module so that the orientations of the first side and the second side are interchanged; and an evaluation module for obtaining the back-side gain of the bifacial module based on the first power and the second power.

[0022] In addition, the evaluation device for the back-side gain of a bifacial component according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes: an acquisition module for acquiring the first surface irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle of the bifacial module; a processing module for inputting the first surface irradiance, the solar azimuth angle, and the solar altitude angle into a pre-trained irradiance evaluation model and outputting the theoretical second surface irradiance of the bifacial module; a calculation module for obtaining the actual second surface irradiance of the bifacial module based on the back optical gain in the back gain and the first surface irradiance; and a diagnosis module for diagnosing the bifacial module based on the actual second surface irradiance and the theoretical second surface irradiance.

[0024] The bifacial module back-side gain evaluation method, apparatus, storage medium, and device of this invention do not require the installation of a back-side irradiance meter. They only require changing the module installation method, i.e., setting the bifacial module to be able to rotate 180°, and calculating the back-side gain of the bifacial module by the power of both sides, thereby improving accuracy and reducing cost. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a device for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, outlines a method, apparatus, storage medium, and device for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] See Figure 1 Methods for evaluating the back-side gain of bifacial modules include:

[0034] S11, record the string power of the first side of the bifacial module, denoted as the first power.

[0035] Specifically, the front side of a bifacial module is considered the first side, or the back side is considered the first side. Typically, because the front side of a bifacial module has higher photoelectric efficiency, it faces upwards. When it is necessary to evaluate the gain of the back side of a bifacial module, the string power can be recorded at a stable irradiation time when the front side of the bifacial module faces upwards. The first power is required. The requirement for stable irradiance is to ensure that the irradiance received above and below the bifacial modules remains constant before and after the modules are flipped. The string power can be obtained by measuring the voltage and current at the string voltage and current measuring points on the DC combiner box or string inverter.

[0036] S12, flip the bifacial module and record the string power of the second side of the bifacial module, denoted as the second power, where the second side is the side opposite to the corresponding first side.

[0037] Specifically, the bifacial module is quickly rotated 180° so that the second side (e.g., the back side) of the bifacial module faces upwards, while maintaining the same tilt angle. The string power is recorded when the back side of the bifacial module faces upwards. This is the second power.

[0038] S13, the back-side gain of the bifacial module is obtained based on the first power and the second power.

[0039] The method for evaluating the back gain of bifacial modules in this invention does not require the installation of a back irradiance meter. It only changes the module installation method, i.e., sets the bifacial module to be able to rotate 180°, and calculates the back gain of the bifacial module by the power of both the front and back sides, thereby improving accuracy and reducing cost.

[0040] In some embodiments, the back-side gain includes back-side power gain and back-side optical gain, which can be obtained by solving the following system of equations:

[0041]

[0042] Where A is the irradiance above the bifacial module (i.e., towards the sky), S is the string area, and B is the irradiance below the bifacial module (i.e., towards the ground). is the bifaciality coefficient of the bifacial module, and x is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the front side of the bifacial module.

[0043] The back-side gain of the bifacial module can be obtained from the above equations, as follows:

[0044] Backside power gain =

[0045] Backside optical gain =

[0046] In some embodiments, for a photovoltaic power station equipped with multiple bifacial modules, the method further includes: selecting a target module from the multiple bifacial modules; and obtaining the overall back-side gain of the photovoltaic power station based on the back-side gain of each target module.

[0047] In some feasible implementations, selecting a target component from multiple bifacial components includes: obtaining the component mounting surface and component mounting type of each bifacial component; and selecting a target component from the multiple bifacial components based on the component mounting surface and component mounting type.

[0048] Specifically, the installation surfaces for the modules can include: grass, sand, concrete, water, etc., and the module installation types can include: module tilt angle, module height, bracket spacing, and module width on a single bracket, etc. For example, a photovoltaic power station might have two types of installation surfaces (grass and water), and each type has two module installation types (20° tilt angle and 30° tilt angle). Therefore, selecting four target modules would encompass all types of the power station: grass + 20° tilt angle, grass + 30° tilt angle, water + 20° tilt angle, and water + 30° tilt angle.

[0049] It should be noted that after selecting the target component, an adjustable bracket that can rotate 180° around the mounting axis is installed on the target component to achieve the above-mentioned flipping action.

[0050] In some embodiments, the total back-side gain is obtained by the following formula: Total back-side gain = The backside gain of the i-th target module × the capacity proportion of the module mounting ground and module mounting type represented by the i-th target module in the photovoltaic power plant, where n is the number of target modules.

[0051] Specifically, the overall back-side gain can be used to assess the economics of a photovoltaic power plant. The assessment method is to subtract the additional costs incurred from the revenue generated by the extra electricity produced due to the use of bifacial modules throughout the power plant's lifecycle; the larger the difference, the better the economics.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method also includes:

[0053] S21, obtain the first-side irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle of the bifacial module.

[0054] Specifically, the first-sided irradiance, or front-side irradiance, can be measured by placing an irradiance meter on the front side of the bifacial module.

[0055] S22 inputs the first-side irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle into a pre-trained irradiance evaluation model and outputs the theoretical second-side irradiance of the bifacial module.

[0056] Specifically, the second-sided irradiance is the irradiance on the back side. The irradiance assessment model can be obtained by training a machine learning model. The training method includes: under conditions of normal ground reflectivity and no obstruction on the back side, acquiring the front irradiance (assuming the front irradiance is the same across the entire site), solar azimuth angle, solar altitude angle, and actual back-side irradiance at multiple times for the bifacial module. The machine learning model is trained using the front irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle as input parameters, and the actual back-side irradiance as the output parameter. Machine learning models include, but are not limited to, random forests, back propagation (BP) neural networks, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) neural networks, and GRU (Gated Recurrent) neural networks. The solar azimuth angle and solar altitude angle can be calculated using known solar motion models.

[0057] S23, the actual second-side irradiance of the bifacial module is obtained based on the back optical gain in the back gain and the first-side irradiance.

[0058] Specifically, the actual second-side irradiance is the product of the back optical gain obtained from the first power and the second power and the first-side irradiance.

[0059] S24, Diagnose the bifacial module based on the actual second-side irradiance and the theoretical second-side irradiance.

[0060] In this embodiment, double-sided components of the same type can be divided into a region, and a model can be trained. This model is only applicable to double-sided components in this region, which can more accurately locate the component where the problem occurs.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bifacial module is diagnosed based on the actual and theoretical second-side irradiance, including:

[0062] S31, calculate the deviation rate based on the actual second-surface irradiance and the theoretical second-surface irradiance.

[0063] S32, if the deviation rate is negative and the absolute value is greater than the set threshold, and continues for a preset time, then the diagnosis result is determined to be low irradiance on the second side of the bifacial module, and an alarm is issued.

[0064] Specifically, the deviation rate δ can be calculated using the following formula:

[0065] δ = (Actual second-surface irradiance - Theoretical second-surface irradiance) / Theoretical second-surface irradiance

[0066] If δ < 0, and the absolute value of δ > a fixed value Δ (i.e., a set threshold, Δ > 0), and this continues for a period of time t, an alarm "low irradiance on the back of component X" can be issued to remind maintenance personnel to take timely measures (such as increasing ground reflectivity, removing shading on the back of the component, etc.). X can be the component number.

[0067] In summary, the bifacial module back-side gain evaluation method of this invention does not require the installation of a back-side irradiance meter. It only changes the module installation method to calculate the back-side gain of the bifacial module, thereby improving accuracy and reducing costs. The theoretical back-side irradiance is calculated by using an irradiance evaluation model and compared with the actual back-side irradiance to diagnose low back-side irradiance. It has high accuracy and requires few parameters.

[0068] Based on the method for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component in the above embodiments, the present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium.

[0069] In this embodiment, a computer program is stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described method for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 400 includes a processor 401 and a memory 403. The processor 401 and the memory 403 are connected, for example, via a bus 402. Optionally, the electronic device 400 may also include a transceiver 404. It should be noted that in practical applications, the transceiver 404 is not limited to one type, and the structure of the electronic device 400 does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] Processor 401 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this invention. Processor 401 may also be a combination that implements computational functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0073] Bus 402 may include a pathway for transmitting information between the aforementioned components. Bus 402 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. Bus 402 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 4 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0074] The memory 403 stores a computer program corresponding to the method for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component according to the above embodiments of the present invention. This computer program is executed under the control of the processor 401. The processor 401 executes the computer program stored in the memory 403 to implement the content shown in the foregoing method embodiments. Figure 4 The electronic device 400 shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a device for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, the evaluation device 500 for the back-side gain of a double-sided component includes: a recording module 501, a flipping module 502, and an evaluation module 503.

[0077] The recording module 501 is used to record the string power of the first side of the bifacial module, denoted as the first power, and to record the string power of the second side of the bifacial module, denoted as the second power, wherein the second side is the side opposite to the corresponding first side; the flipping module 502 is used to flip the bifacial module so that the orientation of the first side and the second side are interchanged; the evaluation module 503 is used to obtain the back gain of the bifacial module based on the first power and the second power.

[0078] In some embodiments, the evaluation device 500 for the back side gain of a bifacial component further includes: an acquisition module 504, a processing module 505, a calculation module 506, and a diagnostic module 507.

[0079] The acquisition module 504 is used to acquire the first-side irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle of the bifacial module; the processing module 505 is used to input the first-side irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle into a pre-trained irradiance evaluation model and output the theoretical second-side irradiance of the bifacial module; the calculation module 506 is used to obtain the actual second-side irradiance of the bifacial module based on the back optical gain in the back gain and the first-side irradiance; and the diagnosis module 507 is used to diagnose the bifacial module based on the actual second-side irradiance and the theoretical second-side irradiance.

[0080] It should be noted that other specific embodiments of the bifacial module back-side gain evaluation device of the present invention can be found in the specific embodiments of the bifacial module back-side gain evaluation method of the above embodiments of the present invention.

[0081] The bifacial module back-side gain evaluation device of this invention does not require the installation of a back-side irradiance meter. It calculates the back-side gain of the bifacial module simply by changing the module installation method, thereby improving accuracy and reducing cost. It calculates the theoretical back-side irradiance through an irradiance evaluation model and compares it with the actual back-side irradiance to diagnose low back-side irradiance with high accuracy and few required parameters.

[0082] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0083] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0084] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0086] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0087] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0088] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0089] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module, characterized in that, The method includes: Record the string power of the first side of the bifacial module, and denote it as the first power; Flip the double-sided component and record the string power of the second side of the double-sided component, denoted as the second power, where the second side is the side opposite to the corresponding first side; The back-side gain of the bifacial assembly is obtained based on the first power and the second power. The back-side gain includes back-side optical gain and / or back-side power gain, and is obtained by the following formula: Backside power gain = , Backside optical gain = , Wherein, P1 is the first power, and P2 is the second power. The bifacial coefficient of the bifacial component; The back-side gain is obtained by solving the following system of equations: Where A is the irradiance of the first side of the bifacial module, S is the string area of ​​the bifacial module, B is the irradiance of the second side of the bifacial module, and x is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the first side of the bifacial module.

2. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The irradiance, solar azimuth angle, and solar altitude angle of the first surface of the bifacial module are obtained; The first surface irradiance, the solar azimuth angle, and the solar altitude angle are input into a pre-trained irradiance evaluation model to output the theoretical second surface irradiance of the bifacial module. The actual second-side irradiance of the bifacial assembly is obtained based on the back-side optical gain in the back-side gain and the first-side irradiance. The bifacial assembly is diagnosed based on the actual second-side irradiance and the theoretical second-side irradiance.

3. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diagnostic process for the bifacial module based on the actual second-surface irradiance and the theoretical second-surface irradiance includes: The deviation rate is calculated based on the actual second-surface irradiance and the theoretical second-surface irradiance. If the deviation rate is negative and its absolute value is greater than a set threshold, and this continues for a preset time, the diagnostic result is determined to be low irradiance on the second surface of the bifacial component, and an alarm is issued.

4. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 1, characterized in that, For a photovoltaic power station equipped with multiple bifacial modules, the method further includes: Select a target component from the plurality of said double-sided components; The overall back-side gain of the photovoltaic power station is obtained based on the back-side gain of each target component.

5. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of selecting a target component from the plurality of double-sided components includes: Obtain the mounting surface and mounting type of each of the bifacial components; The target component is selected from a plurality of the double-sided components based on the component mounting surface and the component mounting type.

6. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The total back-side gain is obtained using the following formula: Full-site backface gain = The back-side gain of the i-th target module × the capacity proportion of the mounting ground and mounting type represented by the i-th target module in the photovoltaic power plant. Where n is the number of the target components.

7. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The actual second-side irradiance is the product of the back-side optical gain and the first-side irradiance.

8. The method for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The deviation rate δ is calculated using the following formula: δ = (Actual second surface irradiance - Theoretical second surface irradiance) / Theoretical second surface irradiance.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for evaluating the back-side gain of a double-sided component as described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. An evaluation device for the back-side gain of a bifacial module, characterized in that, The device includes: A recording module is used to record the string power of the first side of the bifacial module, denoted as the first power, and to record the string power of the second side of the bifacial module, denoted as the second power, wherein the second side is the side opposite to the corresponding first side; A flipping module is used to flip the double-sided component so that the orientations of the first and second sides are reversed; An evaluation module is used to obtain the back-side gain of the bifacial component based on the first power and the second power; The back-side gain includes back-side optical gain and / or back-side power gain, and is obtained by the following formula: Backside power gain = , Backside optical gain = , Wherein, P1 is the first power, and P2 is the second power. The bifacial coefficient of the bifacial component; The back-side gain is obtained by solving the following system of equations: Where A is the irradiance of the first side of the bifacial module, S is the string area of ​​the bifacial module, B is the irradiance of the second side of the bifacial module, and x is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the first side of the bifacial module.

12. The apparatus for evaluating the back-side gain of a bifacial module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The device further includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the irradiance of the first surface of the bifacial component, the solar azimuth angle, and the solar altitude angle. The processing module is used to input the first surface irradiance, the solar azimuth angle and the solar altitude angle into a pre-trained irradiance evaluation model, and output the theoretical second surface irradiance of the bifacial module. The calculation module is used to obtain the actual second surface irradiance of the bifacial assembly based on the back optical gain in the back gain and the first surface irradiance; A diagnostic module is used to diagnose the bifacial assembly based on the actual second-side irradiance and the theoretical second-side irradiance.

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