Optical lens and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an optical lens and an electronic device comprising the same. The optical lens comprises, in order from a first side to a second side along an optical axis: a first lens with positive refractive power, the first side of which is a convex surface; a second lens with positive refractive power, the first side of which is a convex surface and the second side of which is a convex surface; a third lens with negative refractive power, the first side of which is a concave surface and the second side of which is a concave surface; and a fourth lens with positive refractive power, the first side of which is a convex surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical components, and more specifically, to an optical lens and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of optical lens technology, the applications of optical lenses are becoming increasingly widespread. For example, optical lenses play an irreplaceable role in many fields such as smartphones, security monitoring, automotive driver assistance systems, intelligent detection, and virtual reality. At the same time, lens manufacturers in various fields are actively investing in and committed to researching and improving the performance and technology of optical lenses in order to enhance the quality and competitiveness of their products.

[0003] Thanks to the rapid development of automotive driver assistance systems in recent years, automotive LiDAR lenses are being used more and more widely in automobiles. After the radar laser is emitted, the energy of the reflected light is collected to accurately identify environmental details. However, most current automotive LiDAR lenses suffer from the following problems: a large focal length (FNO) and a small entrance pupil diameter, making it difficult to collect more energy; a large lens aperture, making it difficult to achieve high energy collection while maintaining miniaturization and compactness; a short back focal length, making assembly difficult; large lens distortion, making them prone to deformation; and a large chief ray angle (CRA), making it difficult to achieve universal transmission and reception capabilities, and insufficient relative illumination, hindering the collection of even higher energy.

[0004] Therefore, the market currently needs a radar optical lens that can achieve miniaturization while also possessing characteristics such as high energy harvesting, low distortion, and high relative illumination, in order to accurately identify environmental details and meet the requirements of the ever-evolving automotive driver assistance systems for in-vehicle LiDAR lenses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an optical lens, which includes, in sequence along the optical axis from a first side to a second side: a first lens having positive optical power, the first side of which is convex; a second lens having positive optical power, the first side of which is convex and the second side of which is convex; a third lens having negative optical power, the first side of which is concave and the second side of which is concave; and a fourth lens having positive optical power, the first side of which is convex.

[0006] In one embodiment, the second side surface of the first lens is concave.

[0007] In one embodiment, the second side surface of the first lens is a convex surface.

[0008] In one embodiment, the second side surface of the fourth lens is concave.

[0009] In one embodiment, the second side surface of the fourth lens is a convex surface.

[0010] In one embodiment, the optical lens further includes an aperture stop disposed between the first lens and the second lens.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second lens and the third lens are cemented together to form a cemented lens.

[0012] In one embodiment, the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: TTL / F≤1.5.

[0013] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F1 of the first lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.01≤F1 / F.

[0014] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤90.

[0015] In one embodiment, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: D / H / θ≤15.

[0016] In one embodiment, the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: (TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤117.

[0017] In one embodiment, the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and the maximum half-aperture DMAX among the first lens to the fourth lens can satisfy: TTL / DMAX≤6.

[0018] In one embodiment, the total effective focal length F of the optical lens and the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens can satisfy: F / ENPD≤3.5.

[0019] In one embodiment, the optical lens further includes an aperture stop, and the optical lens satisfies: 0.6 ≤ Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3), where Dstop is the half-aperture of the aperture stop; and MAX(D1,D2,D3) is the maximum value among the maximum half-aperture D1 of the first lens, the maximum half-aperture D2 of the second lens, and the maximum half-aperture D3 of the third lens.

[0020] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F2 of the second lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.01≤F2 / F≤1.

[0021] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: -0.6≤F3 / F≤0.

[0022] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.01≤F4 / F≤1.

[0023] In one embodiment, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: D / H / F≤0.2.

[0024] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F2 of the second lens can satisfy: |F3 / F2|≤1.5.

[0025] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens can satisfy: |F3 / F4|≤1.5.

[0026] In one embodiment, the center thickness d1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the distance d12 from the center of the second side of the first lens to the center of the first side of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness d2 of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, and the distance d23 from the center of the second side of the second lens to the center of the first side of the third lens on the optical axis can satisfy: 0.5≤(d1+d12+d2+d3+d23) / (d1+d2+d3)≤2.

[0027] In one embodiment, the center thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the distance d34 from the center of the second side of the third lens to the center of the first side of the fourth lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness d4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis can satisfy: 1.2≤(d3+d34+d4) / (d3+d4).

[0028] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R4 of the first side surface of the second lens and the radius of curvature R5 of the second side surface of the second lens can satisfy: -2≤R4 / R5≤-0.1.

[0029] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R7 of the first side surface of the fourth lens and the radius of curvature R8 of the second side surface of the fourth lens can satisfy: |R7 / R8|≤0.6.

[0030] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R7 of the first side surface of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.1≤R7 / F.

[0031] In one embodiment, the maximum half-aperture D42 of the second side of the fourth lens and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: 1≤D42 / (H / 2).

[0032] In one embodiment, the distance BFL from the center of the second side of the fourth lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis can satisfy: 0.02≤BFL / TTL.

[0033] In one embodiment, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the total effective focal length F of the optical lens, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: |(HF×θ) / (F×θ)|≤0.5.

[0034] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R5 of the second side surface of the second lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: R5 / F≤-0.01.

[0035] This application also provides an optical lens comprising, from a first side to a second side along an optical axis: a first lens with positive optical power; a second lens with positive optical power; a third lens with negative optical power; and a fourth lens with positive optical power. The distance TTL from the center of the first side surface of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens along the optical axis and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: TTL / F ≤ 1.5.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first side surface of the first lens is convex, and the second side surface is concave.

[0037] In one embodiment, the first side surface of the first lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex.

[0038] In one embodiment, the first side surface of the second lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex.

[0039] In one embodiment, the first side surface of the third lens is concave, and the second side surface is concave.

[0040] In one embodiment, the first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface is concave.

[0041] In one embodiment, the first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex.

[0042] In one embodiment, the optical lens further includes an aperture stop disposed between the first lens and the second lens.

[0043] In one embodiment, the second lens and the third lens are cemented together to form a cemented lens.

[0044] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F1 of the first lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.01≤F1 / F.

[0045] In one embodiment, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤90.

[0046] In one embodiment, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: D / H / θ≤15.

[0047] In one embodiment, the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: (TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤117.

[0048] In one embodiment, the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and the maximum half-aperture DMAX among the first lens to the fourth lens can satisfy: TTL / DMAX≤6.

[0049] In one embodiment, the total effective focal length F of the optical lens and the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens can satisfy: F / ENPD≤3.5.

[0050] In one embodiment, the optical lens further includes an aperture stop, and the optical lens satisfies: 0.6 ≤ Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3), where Dstop is the half-aperture of the aperture stop; and MAX(D1,D2,D3) is the maximum value among the maximum half-aperture D1 of the first lens, the maximum half-aperture D2 of the second lens, and the maximum half-aperture D3 of the third lens.

[0051] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F2 of the second lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.01≤F2 / F≤1.

[0052] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: -0.6≤F3 / F≤0.

[0053] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.01≤F4 / F≤1.

[0054] In one embodiment, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: D / H / F≤0.2.

[0055] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F2 of the second lens can satisfy: |F3 / F2|≤1.5.

[0056] In one embodiment, the effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens can satisfy: |F3 / F4|≤1.5.

[0057] In one embodiment, the center thickness d1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the distance d12 from the center of the second side of the first lens to the center of the first side of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness d2 of the second lens on the optical axis, the center thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, and the distance d23 from the center of the second side of the second lens to the center of the first side of the third lens on the optical axis can satisfy: 0.5≤(d1+d12+d2+d3+d23) / (d1+d2+d3)≤2.

[0058] In one embodiment, the center thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the distance d34 from the center of the second side of the third lens to the center of the first side of the fourth lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness d4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis can satisfy: 1.2≤(d3+d34+d4) / (d3+d4).

[0059] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R4 of the first side surface of the second lens and the radius of curvature R5 of the second side surface of the second lens can satisfy: -2≤R4 / R5≤-0.1.

[0060] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R7 of the first side surface of the fourth lens and the radius of curvature R8 of the second side surface of the fourth lens can satisfy: |R7 / R8|≤0.6.

[0061] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R7 of the first side surface of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: 0.1≤R7 / F.

[0062] In one embodiment, the maximum half-aperture D42 of the second side of the fourth lens and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: 1≤D42 / (H / 2).

[0063] In one embodiment, the distance BFL from the center of the second side of the fourth lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and the distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis can satisfy: 0.02≤BFL / TTL.

[0064] In one embodiment, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the total effective focal length F of the optical lens, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens can satisfy: |(HF×θ) / (F×θ)|≤0.5.

[0065] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R5 of the second side surface of the second lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens can satisfy: R5 / F≤-0.01.

[0066] This application also provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes an optical lens according to this application and an imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal.

[0067] This application employs four lenses. By optimizing the shape and optical power of each lens, the optical lens achieves at least one beneficial effect, such as being more compact, miniaturized, having high relative illumination, low distortion, long back focal length, small FNO, and large entrance pupil diameter. When applied to LiDAR lenses, it can also achieve the beneficial effect of universal transmission and reception, enabling the optical lens to better meet the requirements of automotive lenses. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0069] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0070] Figure 2 To illustrate the structure of the optical lens according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0071] Figure 3 To illustrate the structure of the optical lens according to Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0072] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the optical lens according to Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the optical lens according to Embodiment 5 of this application;

[0074] Figure 6 To illustrate the structure of the optical lens according to Embodiment 6 of this application;

[0075] Figure 7 To illustrate the structural schematic diagram of the optical lens according to Embodiment 7 of this application; and

[0076] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 8 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0077] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description of the application will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0078] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first lens discussed below may also be referred to as the second lens or the third lens.

[0079] In the accompanying drawings, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses have been slightly exaggerated for ease of illustration. Specifically, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not strictly to scale.

[0080] In this article, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region. The surface of each lens closest to the subject is called the object-side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the imaging side is called the image-side surface of the lens.

[0081] It should be understood that the optical lens provided in this application can be used for both photography and projection. When the optical lens provided in this application is used as a camera lens, the term "first side" as used herein may refer to the object side, and "second side" may refer to the image side; when the optical lens provided in this application is used as a projection lens or a radar transmitting lens, the term "first side" as used herein may refer to the imaging side, and "second side" may refer to the image source side.

[0082] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when expressions such as "at least one of..." appear after a list of listed features, they modify the entire list of features, not individual elements in the list. Additionally, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0083] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense, unless expressly so specified herein.

[0084] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0085] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens includes, for example, four lenses with optical power, namely a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens. These four lenses are arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0087] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens may further include a photosensitive element disposed on the imaging surface. Optionally, the photosensitive element disposed on the imaging surface may be a photocoupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device (CMOS).

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, the first lens may have positive optical power. The first lens may have a convex-concave or convex-convex surface. Positive optical power in the first lens facilitates the collection of light rays from a large field of view into the rear optical system, fixes the direction of large-angle light rays at the edges, and achieves higher energy collection. The first lens may preferably use a high refractive index material, which is beneficial for reducing the front-end diameter and aberrations, thus improving the resolving power of the optical system. The first side surface of the first lens is designed as a convex surface, which in practical applications facilitates the sliding of water droplets, achieving higher energy collection. The second side surface of the first lens is concave, which is beneficial for reducing the front-end diameter and aberrations, thus improving the resolving power of the optical system. The second side surface of the first lens is convex, which is beneficial for reducing the front-end diameter and aberrations, thus improving the resolving power of the optical system.

[0089] In an exemplary embodiment, the second lens may have positive optical power. The second lens may have a convex-convex shape. Having positive optical power, a biconvex shape, and a symmetrical lens shape facilitates the convergence of light rays passing through the first lens, ensuring a smooth transition of light rays to the rear optical system and reducing system sensitivity. Furthermore, the second lens has positive optical power, and its first side surface curves towards the second side surface of the first lens, resulting in a larger inter-lens spacing between the edge rays of the first and second lenses. This effectively alters the light distribution, helping to correct peripheral field distortion and achieve low distortion.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the third lens may have negative optical power. The third lens may have a concave-convex shape. Having negative optical power and being biconcave facilitates the diverging trend of light rays entering the rear optical system, increases the aperture, achieves higher energy collection, and facilitates a small FNO (Functional Noise). The third lens has negative optical power and is short-focal-length relative to the focal length of the entire optical system; for example, the focal length of the third lens may be less than 0.8 times the focal length of the optical system. Furthermore, the third lens may use a material with high refractive index (n > 1.8) and low Abbe number (d < 35), which helps improve the resolving power of the optical system.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the fourth lens may have positive optical power. The fourth lens may have a convex-concave or convex-convex surface. The fourth lens has positive optical power, and its first side has a more pronounced curvature while the second side has a gentler curvature. This facilitates light compression, allowing the light rays emanating from the third lens to smoothly transition and converge into the rear optical system. It also helps to reduce the rear aperture and decrease the principal ray angle. The second side of the fourth lens is concave, which facilitates a smoother light transition and reduces the sensitivity of the entire system. Alternatively, the second side of the fourth lens may be convex, which further compresses the light rays, reduces aberrations, and enables higher energy collection.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens may further include an aperture stop disposed between the first lens and the second lens. Disposing the aperture stop between the first and second lenses facilitates effective light convergence entering the optical system, reduces the lens aperture of the optical system, and contributes to a smaller, more compact overall optical system aperture, promoting miniaturization and the realization of a small CRA (Chip-Ray Aperture Reduction). In this embodiment, the aperture stop may be disposed near the second side surface of the first lens, near the first side surface of the second lens, or near the midpoint between the first and second lenses. However, it should be noted that the positions of the aperture stop disclosed herein are merely examples and not limitations; in alternative embodiments, the aperture stop may be disposed at other positions as needed.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, the second and third lenses can be cemented together to form a cemented lens. The use of a cemented lens effectively eliminates ghosting effects on the lens, ensuring high resolution while eliminating ghosting. The second lens has positive optical power and a biconvex shape, which facilitates light convergence; the third lens has negative optical power and a biconcave shape, which facilitates further light divergence and increases luminous flux. The use of a cemented lens allows for sufficient correction of various aberrations in the optical system, improving resolution and optimizing optical performance such as distortion and CRA while maintaining a compact structure. The negative lens in the cemented lens has a higher refractive index than the positive lens, allowing light to converge effectively and smoothly at the final point, ensuring a stable arrival of light at the imaging plane, thus reducing overall weight and cost. The use of a cemented lens also reduces light loss caused by reflections between lenses, and the combination of high and low refractive indices facilitates rapid transition of light rays, increases the aperture, and enhances light transmission. Furthermore, the use of a cemented lens reduces the air gap between the two lenses, resulting in a more compact overall optical system structure and reducing tolerance sensitivity issues such as overall eccentricity of lens units during assembly.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies the following condition: TTL / F ≤ 1.5, where TTL is the distance along the optical axis from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens, and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, TTL and F can further satisfy: TTL / F ≤ 1.35. Satisfying TTL / F ≤ 1.5 facilitates lens miniaturization, making the lens more compact.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.01 ≤ F1 / F, where F1 is the effective focal length of the first lens and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, F1 and F may further satisfy: 0.5 ≤ F1 / F. Satisfying 0.01 ≤ F1 / F, the first lens has positive optical power, which is beneficial for collecting and converging light rays from a large field of view, fixing the direction of large-angle light rays at the edges, and achieving higher energy collection.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤90, where FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, D is the maximum aperture of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. More specifically, D, H, and FOV further satisfy: (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤54. Satisfying (D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤90 allows for a smaller front aperture of the lens, which is beneficial for miniaturization.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: D / H / θ ≤ 15, where D is the maximum aperture of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. More specifically, D, H, and θ can further satisfy: D / H / θ ≤ 13. Satisfying D / H / θ ≤ 15 allows for a smaller front aperture of the lens, which is beneficial for miniaturization.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: (TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤117, where TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. More specifically, TTL, H, and FOV can further satisfy: (TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤99. Satisfying (TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤117 can facilitate lens miniaturization, making the lens more compact.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies the following condition: TTL / DMAX ≤ 6, where TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens, and DMAX is the maximum half-aperture of the first to fourth lenses. More specifically, TTL and DMAX can further satisfy: TTL / DMAX ≤ 5. Satisfying TTL / DMAX ≤ 6 allows the entire optical system to be more compact, which is beneficial for lens miniaturization.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies the following condition: F / ENPD ≤ 3.5, where F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens and ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens. More specifically, F and ENPD can further satisfy: F / ENPD ≤ 3. Satisfying F / ENPD ≤ 3.5 allows the lens to have the characteristics of a large entrance pupil diameter and a small FNO, which is beneficial for increasing the amount of light transmitted.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.6 ≤ Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3), where Dstop is the half-aperture of the aperture stop included in the optical lens, and MAX(D1,D2,D3) is the maximum value among the maximum half-apertures D1 of the first lens, D2 of the second lens, and D3 of the third lens. More specifically, Dstop and MAX(D1,D2,D3) further satisfy: 0.8 ≤ Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3). Satisfying 0.6 ≤ Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3) allows the lens to have a large entrance pupil diameter and a small FNO, which is beneficial for increasing the amount of light transmitted.

[0102] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.01 ≤ F2 / F ≤ 1, where F2 is the effective focal length of the second lens and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, F2 and F may further satisfy: 0.05 ≤ F2 / F ≤ 0.8. Satisfying 0.01 ≤ F2 / F ≤ 1 indicates that the second lens has a short focal length relative to the entire optical system and possesses positive optical power, which is beneficial for light convergence and for achieving higher energy collection.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: -0.6 ≤ F3 / F ≤ 0, where F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, F3 and F further satisfy: -0.4 ≤ F3 / F ≤ -0.05. Satisfying -0.6 ≤ F3 / F ≤ 0, the third lens has a short focal length relative to the entire optical system, and the third lens has a negative optical power, which is beneficial for light to diverge and enter the rear optical system, thereby increasing the aperture and achieving higher energy collection.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.01 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 1, where F4 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, F4 and F further satisfy: 0.05 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 0.8. Satisfying 0.01 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 1 indicates that the fourth lens has a short focal length relative to the entire optical system and possesses positive optical power, which is beneficial for light convergence and achieves higher energy collection.

[0105] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: D / H / F ≤ 0.2, where D is the maximum aperture of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, D, H, and F can further satisfy: D / H / F ≤ 0.1. Satisfying D / H / F ≤ 0.2, under the condition of a fixed focal length, can provide the lens with the characteristics of a large target surface and a small aperture.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: |F3 / F2|≤1.5, where F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens and F2 is the effective focal length of the second lens. More specifically, F3 and F2 may further satisfy: |F3 / F2|≤1.2. Satisfying |F3 / F2|≤1.5 helps light to enter the third lens more smoothly, reducing system sensitivity and improving resolution.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: |F3 / F4|≤1.5, where F3 is the effective focal length of the third lens and F4 is the effective focal length of the fourth lens. More specifically, F3 and F4 may further satisfy: |F3 / F4|≤1.2. Satisfying |F3 / F4|≤1.5 helps light to enter the fourth lens more smoothly, reducing system sensitivity and improving resolution.

[0108] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.5 ≤ (d1 + d12 + d2 + d3 + d23) / (d1 + d2 + d3) ≤ 2, where d1 is the center thickness of the first lens on the optical axis, d12 is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the second side of the first lens to the center of the first side of the second lens, d2 is the center thickness of the second lens on the optical axis, d3 is the center thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, and d23 is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the second side of the second lens to the center of the first side of the third lens. More specifically, d1, d12, d2, d3, and d23 further satisfy: 0.6 ≤ (d1 + d12 + d2 + d3 + d23) / (d1 + d2 + d3) ≤ 1.5. Satisfying 0.5≤(d1+d12+d2+d3+d23) / (d1+d2+d3)≤2, the first, second, and third lenses are close together and of uniform size, which makes the lens more compact and conducive to miniaturization.

[0109] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 1.2 ≤ (d3 + d34 + d4) / (d3 + d4), where d3 is the center thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, d34 is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the second side of the third lens to the center of the first side of the fourth lens, and d4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens on the optical axis. More specifically, d3, d34, and d4 can further satisfy: 1.4 ≤ (d3 + d34 + d4) / (d3 + d4). Satisfying 1.2 ≤ (d3 + d34 + d4) / (d3 + d4) means that the distance between the third and fourth lenses is relatively large, which is beneficial for a smooth light transition, reduces sensitivity, and facilitates higher energy collection.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: -2≤R4 / R5≤-0.1, where R4 is the radius of curvature of the first side surface of the second lens, and R5 is the radius of curvature of the second side surface of the second lens. More specifically, R4 and R5 may further satisfy: -1.8≤R4 / R5≤-0.2. Satisfying -2≤R4 / R5≤-0.1, the first and second side surfaces of the second lens have similar and symmetrical shapes, which is beneficial for smoothing out peripheral light and reducing lens sensitivity.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: |R7 / R8|≤0.6, where R7 is the radius of curvature of the first side of the fourth lens and R8 is the radius of curvature of the second side of the fourth lens. More specifically, R7 and R8 further satisfy: |R7 / R8|≤0.4. Satisfying |R7 / R8|≤0.6 allows the fourth lens to employ a special shape, with a curved first side and a flat second side, which facilitates light compression, achieves a small FNO (light-to-noise ratio), enables higher energy collection, and reduces the system's rear port diameter.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.1 ≤ R7 / F, where R7 is the radius of curvature of the first side surface of the fourth lens, and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, R7 and F may further satisfy: 0.2 ≤ R7 / F. Satisfying 0.1 ≤ R7 / F, the first side surface of the fourth lens bends towards the second side surface of the third lens, which facilitates better convergence of light rays diverging from the third lens into the rear optical system, enabling smaller CRA (Cost Reduction Amplitude), higher energy collection, and a smaller system rear port diameter.

[0113] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 1 ≤ D42 / (H / 2), where D42 is the maximum half-aperture of the second side of the fourth lens, and H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. More specifically, D42 and H can further satisfy: 1.1 ≤ D42 / (H / 2). Satisfying 1 ≤ D42 / (H / 2) is beneficial for achieving a small principal ray angle, which is beneficial for realizing the universal transceiver function when applied to a lidar lens.

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: 0.02 ≤ BFL / TTL, where BFL is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the second side surface of the fourth lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens, and TTL is the distance on the optical axis from the center of the first side surface of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens. More specifically, BFL and TTL may further satisfy: 0.05 ≤ BFL / TTL. Satisfying 0.02 ≤ BFL / TTL allows for a longer back focal length in the lens, which is beneficial for assembly and reduces the likelihood of ghosting.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: |(HF×θ) / (F×θ)|≤0.5, where H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens, and θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. More specifically, H, F, and θ further satisfy: |(HF×θ) / (F×θ)|≤0.35. Satisfying |(HF×θ) / (F×θ)|≤0.5 makes the actual image height close to the theoretical image height value, which is beneficial to realizing the advantage of small lens distortion and highlighting the imaging effect in the central area of ​​the lens imaging plane.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens according to this application satisfies: R5 / F ≤ -0.01, where R5 is the radius of curvature of the second side surface of the second lens, and F is the total effective focal length of the optical lens. More specifically, R5 and F may further satisfy: R5 / F ≤ -0.05. Satisfying R5 / F ≤ -0.01 means that the radius of curvature of the cemented surface of the second and third lenses is negative, which can effectively change the distribution trend of light, which is beneficial to correcting the distortion of the peripheral field of view and to achieving small distortion.

[0117] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens of this application may further include a filter and / or protective glass disposed between the fourth lens and the imaging surface, as needed. The filter can filter light with a specific wavelength, while the protective glass can prevent damage to the second-side components (e.g., chips) of the optical lens.

[0118] In an exemplary embodiment, the first lens can be a spherical lens or an aspherical lens; the second lens can be a spherical lens or an aspherical lens; the third lens can be a spherical lens or an aspherical lens; and the fourth lens can be a spherical lens or an aspherical lens. This application does not specifically limit the number of spherical and aspherical lenses; when focusing on resolving quality, the number of aspherical lenses can be increased. Specifically, to improve the resolving quality of the optical system, the first, second, third, and fourth lenses can all be aspherical lenses. Aspherical lenses are characterized by a continuously changing curvature from the lens center to the periphery. Unlike spherical lenses, which have a constant curvature from the lens center to the periphery, aspherical lenses have better curvature radius characteristics, offering advantages in improving distortion aberrations and astigmatism. Using aspherical lenses can eliminate aberrations that occur during imaging as much as possible, thereby improving the image quality of the lens. The inclusion of aspherical lenses helps correct system aberrations and improve resolving power.

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment, the first lens, second lens, third lens, and fourth lens can all be glass lenses. Optical lenses made of glass can suppress the shift in the back focus of the optical lens due to temperature changes, thereby improving system stability. Simultaneously, using glass avoids problems such as lens blurring caused by high and low temperature variations in the operating environment, and prevents interference with normal lens use. Specifically, when temperature performance and resolution quality are of paramount importance, the first to fourth lenses can all be aspherical glass lenses. In applications with lower temperature stability requirements, the first to fourth lenses in the optical lens can also be made of plastic. Using plastic to make optical lenses can effectively reduce manufacturing costs. Of course, the first to fourth lenses in the optical lens can also be made of a combination of plastic and glass.

[0120] The optical lens according to the above embodiments of this application achieves at least one beneficial effect by reasonably setting parameters such as the shape and optical power of each lens, such as being more compact, miniaturized, having high relative illumination, low distortion, long back focal length, small FNO, and large entrance pupil diameter. When applied to lidar lenses, it can also achieve the beneficial effect of universal transmission and reception, enabling the optical lens to better meet the requirements of automotive lenses.

[0121] However, those skilled in the art will understand that the number of lenses constituting the lens can be varied to obtain the various results and advantages described in this specification without departing from the technical solutions claimed in this application. For example, although four lenses are described as an example in the embodiments, the optical lens is not limited to including four lenses. If desired, the optical lens may also include other numbers of lenses. Specific embodiments of the optical lens applicable to the above embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0122] Example 1

[0123] The following is for reference Figure 1 An optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application is described. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 1 of this application is shown.

[0124] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0125] The first lens L1 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is concave.

[0126] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0127] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0128] Table 1 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d (it should be understood that the thickness / distance d in the row where S1 is located is the center thickness d1 of the first lens L1, the thickness / distance d in the row where S2 is located is the distance between the first lens L1 and, for example, the aperture stop STO, and so on), refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens of the optical lens of Embodiment 1.

[0129]

[0130] Table 1

[0131] Example 2

[0132] The following is for reference Figure 2 An optical lens according to Embodiment 2 of this application is described. In this embodiment and the following embodiments, for the sake of brevity, descriptions similar to those in Embodiment 1 will be omitted. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown.

[0133] like Figure 2 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0134] The first lens L1 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is concave.

[0135] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0136] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0137] Table 2 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 2.

[0138]

[0139] Table 2

[0140] Example 3

[0141] The following is for reference Figure 3 An optical lens according to Embodiment 3 of this application is described. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 3 of this application is shown.

[0142] like Figure 3 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0143] The first lens L1 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is convex. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is concave.

[0144] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0145] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0146] Table 3 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 3.

[0147]

[0148] Table 3

[0149] Example 4

[0150] The following is for reference Figure 4 An optical lens according to Embodiment 4 of this application is described. Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 4 of this application is shown.

[0151] like Figure 4 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0152] The first lens L1 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is convex. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is concave.

[0153] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0154] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0155] Table 4 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 4.

[0156]

[0157] Table 4

[0158] Example 5

[0159] The following is for reference Figure 5 An optical lens according to Embodiment 5 of this application is described. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 5 of this application is shown.

[0160] like Figure 5 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0161] The first lens L1 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is convex.

[0162] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0163] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0164] Table 5 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 5.

[0165]

[0166] Table 5

[0167] Example 6

[0168] The following is for reference Figure 6 An optical lens according to Embodiment 6 of this application is described. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 6 of this application is shown.

[0169] like Figure 6As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0170] The first lens L1 is a convex-concave lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is convex.

[0171] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0172] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0173] Table 6 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 6.

[0174]

[0175] Table 6

[0176] Example 7

[0177] The following is for reference Figure 7 An optical lens according to Embodiment 7 of this application is described. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 7 of this application is shown.

[0178] like Figure 7 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0179] The first lens L1 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is convex. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is convex.

[0180] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0181] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0182] Table 7 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 7.

[0183]

[0184] Table 7

[0185] Example 8

[0186] The following is for reference Figure 8 An optical lens according to Embodiment 8 of this application is described. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to Embodiment 8 of this application is shown.

[0187] like Figure 8 As shown, the optical lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4 in sequence along the optical axis from the first side to the second side.

[0188] The first lens L1 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is convex. The second lens L2 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S4 is convex, and its second side surface S5 is convex. The third lens L3 is a concave-concave lens with negative optical power, its first side surface S5 is concave, and its second side surface S6 is concave. The fourth lens L4 is a convex-convex lens with positive optical power, its first side surface S7 is convex, and its second side surface S8 is convex.

[0189] The optical lens may also include an aperture stop STO, which can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 to effectively converge the light entering the optical system, reduce the lens aperture of the optical system, and make the entire optical system smaller and more compact, which is beneficial for miniaturization and achieving a small CRA. For example, the aperture stop STO can be positioned between the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 near the first side surface S4 of the second lens L2.

[0190] Optionally, the optical lens may further include a filter L5 / protective glass L5' having a first side surface S9 and a second side surface S10. The filter L5 can filter light of a certain wavelength, and the protective glass L5' can be used to protect components located on the second side of the optical lens, such as an image sensor chip (IMA). When the optical lens is used for imaging, light from the object passes sequentially through each surface S1 to S10 and is finally imaged on the imaging surface; when the optical lens is used for projection, light from the image source surface passes sequentially through each surface S10 to S1 and is finally projected onto the target object (not shown).

[0191] Table 8 shows the radius of curvature R, thickness / distance d, refractive index N, and Abbe number Vd of each lens in the optical lens of Example 8.

[0192]

[0193] Table 8

[0194] In summary, Examples 1 to 8 satisfy the relationships shown in Tables 9-1 and 9-2 below, respectively. In Tables 9-1 and 9-2, the units of TTL, F, F1, F2, F3, F4, DMAX, ENPD, D, H, d1, d2, d12, d23, d3, R4, R5, R7, R8, D42, BFL, D1, D2, D3, Dstop, d34, and d4 are all millimeters (mm), the unit of FOV is degrees (°), and the unit of θ is radians.

[0195]

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] Table 9-1

[0199]

[0200]

[0201] Table 9-2

[0202] This application also provides an electronic device that may include an optical lens according to the above embodiments of this application and an imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal. The electronic device may be a stand-alone electronic device, such as a rangefinder camera, or an imaging module integrated into a rangefinder device. Furthermore, the electronic device may also be a stand-alone imaging device, such as an in-vehicle camera, or an imaging module integrated into a driver assistance system, such as a vehicle-mounted camera.

[0203] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens characterized in that, The optical lens comprises, in sequence from a first side to a second side along an optical axis: a first lens with positive refractive power, a first side of which is convex; a second lens with positive refractive power, a first side of which is convex and a second side of which is convex; a third lens with negative refractive power, a first side of which is concave and a second side of which is concave; and a fourth lens with positive refractive power, a first side of which is convex. A distance TTL from a center of the first side of the first lens to an imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis satisfies: 1.167≤TTL / F≤1.35, where F is a total effective focal length of the optical lens. A radius of curvature R7 of the first side of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.2≤R7 / F≤0.

513. An effective focal length F1 of the first lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.934≤F1 / F≤1.

618.

2. The optical lens of claim 1, wherein, The second side of the first lens is concave.

3. The optical lens of claim 1, wherein, The second side of the first lens is convex.

4. The optical lens of claim 1, wherein, The second side of the fourth lens is concave.

5. The optical lens of claim 1, wherein, The second side of the fourth lens is convex.

6. The optical lens of claim 1, wherein, The optical lens further comprises a diaphragm arranged between the first lens and the second lens.

7. The optical lens of claim 1, wherein, The second lens and the third lens are cemented to form a cemented lens.

8. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens, a maximum light passing aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and an image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy: 32.370≤(D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤54.

9. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The maximum light passing aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and an arc value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy: 10.304≤D / H / θ≤13.

10. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A distance TTL from a center of the first side of the first lens to an imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis, the maximum field of view FOV of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy: 66.880≤(TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤99.

11. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A distance TTL from a center of the first side of the first lens to an imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis, and a maximum light passing half aperture DMAX of the first lens to the fourth lens satisfy: 4.126≤TTL / DMAX≤6.

12. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The total effective focal length F of the optical lens and an entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens satisfy: 1.800≤F / ENPD≤3.

5.

13. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a stop, wherein, The optical lens satisfies: 0.6≤Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3)≤0.938, where Dstop is a light passing half aperture of the diaphragm; and MAX(D1,D2,D3) is a maximum value of a maximum light passing half aperture D1 of the first lens, a maximum light passing half aperture D2 of the second lens, and a maximum light passing half aperture D3 of the third lens.

14. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, An effective focal length F2 of the second lens and a total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.503≤F2 / F≤0.

8.

15. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, An effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: -0.292≤F3 / F≤-0.

05.

16. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, An effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.499≤F4 / F≤1.

17. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A maximum light aperture D of a first side of the first lens corresponding to a maximum field angle of the optical lens, an image height H corresponding to the maximum field angle of the optical lens, and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.075≤D / H / F≤0.

2.

18. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F2 of the second lens satisfy: 0.370≤|F3 / F2|≤0.

479.

19. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens satisfy: 0.367≤|F3 / F4|≤0.

425.

20. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A central thickness d1 of the first lens on the optical axis, a distance d12 from a center of a second side of the first lens to a center of a first side of the second lens on the optical axis, a central thickness d2 of the second lens on the optical axis, a central thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, and a distance d23 from a center of a second side of the second lens to a center of a first side of the third lens on the optical axis satisfy: 0.5≤(d1+d12+d2+d3+d23) / (d1+d2+d3)≤1.

5.

21. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A central thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, a distance d34 from a center of a second side of the third lens to a center of a first side of the fourth lens on the optical axis, and a central thickness d4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis satisfy: 1.2≤(d3+d34+d4) / (d3+d4)≤2.

121.

22. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A curvature radius R4 of a first side of the second lens and a curvature radius R5 of a second side of the second lens satisfy: -0.950≤R4 / R5≤-0.

466.

23. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A curvature radius R7 of a first side of the fourth lens and a curvature radius R8 of a second side of the fourth lens satisfy: |R7 / R8|≤0.

6.

24. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A maximum light aperture half D42 of the second side of the fourth lens and an image height H corresponding to a maximum field angle of the optical lens satisfy: 1≤D42 / (H / 2)≤1.

529.

25. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, A distance BFL from a center of the second side of the fourth lens to an imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and a distance TTL from a center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis satisfy: 0.164≤BFL / TTL≤0.

183.

26. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, An image height H corresponding to a maximum field angle of the optical lens, a total effective focal length F of the optical lens, and an arc value θ corresponding to the maximum field angle of the optical lens satisfy: |(H-F×θ) / (F×θ)|≤0.

5.

27. The optical lens of any of claims 1-7, wherein, The radius of curvature R5 of the second side surface of the second lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: -0.925≤R5 / F≤-0.

594.

28. An optical lens characterized in that, The optical lens comprises, sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis: A first lens with positive optical power; A second lens with positive optical power; A third lens with negative optical power; and A fourth lens with positive optical power. The distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging plane of the optical lens on the optical axis satisfies the following condition: 1.167≤TTL / F≤1.35; The radius of curvature R7 of the first side surface of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.2≤R7 / F≤0.513; The effective focal length F1 of the first lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.934≤F1 / F≤1.

618.

29. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The first side of the first lens is convex, and the second side is concave.

30. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The first side surface of the first lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex.

31. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The first side surface of the second lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex.

32. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The first side surface of the third lens is concave, and the second side surface is concave.

33. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The first side of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side is concave.

34. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface is convex.

35. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The optical lens also includes an aperture stop disposed between the first lens and the second lens.

36. The optical lens of claim 28, wherein, The second lens and the third lens are cemented together to form a cemented lens.

37. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, the maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: 32.370≤(D×180°) / (H×FOV)≤54.

38. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The maximum aperture D of the first side of the first lens corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and the radian value θ corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy: 10.304≤D / H / θ≤13.

39. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis, the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens, and the image height H corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens satisfy the following: 66.880≤(TTL×180°) / (H×FOV)≤99.

40. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The distance TTL from the center of the first side of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and the maximum half-aperture DMAX of the first lens to the fourth lens satisfy: 4.126≤TTL / DMAX≤6.

41. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The total effective focal length F of the optical lens and the entrance pupil diameter ENPD of the optical lens satisfy the following condition: 1.800≤F / ENPD≤3.

5.

42. The optical lens of any of claims 28-34, further comprising a stop, wherein, The optical lens satisfies: 0.6 ≤ Dstop / MAX(D1,D2,D3) ≤ 0.

938. Where Dstop is the half-aperture of the aperture; and MAX(D1, D2, D3) is the maximum value among the maximum half light passing diameter D1 of the first lens, the maximum half light passing diameter D2 of the second lens and the maximum half light passing diameter D3 of the third lens.

43. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, An effective focal length F2 of the second lens and a total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.503≤F2 / F≤0.

8.

44. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, An effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: -0.292≤F3 / F≤-0.

05.

45. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, An effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.499≤F4 / F≤1.

46. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A maximum half light passing diameter D of the first side surface of the first lens corresponding to a maximum field angle of the optical lens and an image height H corresponding to the maximum field angle of the optical lens and the total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: 0.075≤D / H / F≤0.

2.

47. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F2 of the second lens satisfy: 0.370≤|F3 / F2|≤0.

479.

48. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, The effective focal length F3 of the third lens and the effective focal length F4 of the fourth lens satisfy: 0.367≤|F3 / F4|≤0.

425.

49. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A central thickness d1 of the first lens on the optical axis, a distance d12 from the center of the second side surface of the first lens to the center of the first side surface of the second lens on the optical axis, a central thickness d2 of the second lens on the optical axis, a central thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis and a distance d23 from the center of the second side surface of the second lens to the center of the first side surface of the third lens on the optical axis satisfy: 0.5≤(d1+d12+d2+d3+d23) / (d1+d2+d3)≤1.

5.

50. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A central thickness d3 of the third lens on the optical axis, a distance d34 from the center of the second side surface of the third lens to the center of the first side surface of the fourth lens on the optical axis and a central thickness d4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis satisfy: 1.2≤(d3+d34+d4) / (d3+d4)≤2.

121.

51. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A curvature radius R4 of the first side surface of the second lens and a curvature radius R5 of the second side surface of the second lens satisfy: -0.950≤R4 / R5≤-0.

466.

52. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A curvature radius R7 of the first side surface of the fourth lens and a curvature radius R8 of the second side surface of the fourth lens satisfy: |R7 / R8|≤0.

6.

53. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A maximum half light passing diameter D42 of the second side surface of the fourth lens and an image height H corresponding to a maximum field angle of the optical lens satisfy: 1≤D42 / (H / 2)≤1.

529.

54. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A distance BFL from the center of the second side surface of the fourth lens to an imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis and a distance TTL from the center of the first side surface of the first lens to the imaging surface of the optical lens on the optical axis satisfy: 0.164≤BFL / TTL≤0.

183.

55. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, An image height H corresponding to a maximum field angle of the optical lens, a total effective focal length F of the optical lens, and an arc value θ corresponding to the maximum field angle of the optical lens satisfy: |(H-F*θ) / (F*θ)|≤0.

5.

56. The optical lens of any of claims 28-36, wherein, A curvature radius R5 of a second side surface of the second lens and a total effective focal length F of the optical lens satisfy: -0.925≤R5 / F≤-0.

594.

57. An electronic device, comprising: An imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical lens into an electric signal.

Images