Milling insert and milling tool
By adjusting the height of the rake face and secondary rake face of the milling insert, the problem of the cutting tool being unable to adapt to different cutting allowances is solved, achieving a high-quality machined surface even with a small cutting allowance, and improving the adaptability and machining efficiency of the milling insert.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAMEN GOLDEN EGRET SPECIAL ALLOY
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing cutting tools have uniform cutting edge parameters, which cannot adapt to different cutting allowances, resulting in poor surface quality.
The milling inserts are designed to have different structural strengths and sharpnesses for the main and secondary cutting edges by adjusting the height of the rake face and the secondary rake face, thus adapting to different machining conditions.
Achieving a high-quality machined surface with a small cutting allowance improves the adaptability of milling inserts and machining efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN116237570B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to a milling insert and a milling tool. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of cutting, because the parameters of the cutting edge of the cutting tool are kept consistent, it cannot adapt to different cutting allowances, resulting in poor quality of the machined surface.
[0003] Currently available indexable cutting tools employ features such as specially designed finishing inserts and adjustable tool bodies to improve the surface quality of finished products. However, these designs also have drawbacks. They can result in uneven textures on the machined workpiece and increase tool setup time, thus impacting production schedules. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problem that existing cutting tools cannot adapt to different cutting allowances, resulting in poor surface finish, this application provides a milling insert, including an insert body, the insert body comprising...
[0005] The first surface is located on one side of the blade body;
[0006] The second surface is located on the other side of the blade body and is disposed opposite to the first surface;
[0007] On the side, there are multiple surfaces for connecting the first surface and the second surface;
[0008] The mounting hole penetrates the blade body, connecting the first surface and the second surface;
[0009] The first surface has a rake face and a secondary rake face at the intersection with the side surface, and the secondary rake face is adjacent to the rake face; the main cutting edge is formed at the intersection of the rake face and the side surface, and the secondary cutting edge is formed at the intersection of the secondary rake face and the side surface.
[0010] The angle γ between the main cutting edge and the first surface is smaller than the angle α between the secondary cutting edge and the first surface.
[0011] In one embodiment, the slopes at different positions within the rake face are the same, and the slopes at different positions within the secondary rake face are also the same.
[0012] In one embodiment, the included angle γ ranges from 5° to 25°, and the included angle α ranges from 5° to 25°.
[0013] In one embodiment, a side relief face is provided at the intersection of the side face and the secondary rake face, and the side relief face gradually approaches the center of the first surface from the side face to the secondary cutting edge; the angle β between the side relief face and the normal of the first surface ranges from 0 to 10°.
[0014] In one embodiment, the length ratio of the secondary cutting edge to the primary cutting edge is 1:2 to 4.
[0015] In one embodiment, a cutting edge width surface is provided between the rake face and the main cutting edge, and the cutting edge width surface gradually decreases in the direction approaching the secondary rake face.
[0016] In one embodiment, an arc-shaped back face is provided between adjacent side faces, and the main cutting edge portion corresponding to the arc-shaped back face is an arc-shaped cutting edge.
[0017] In one embodiment, the side has 8 edges forming a regular octagon, and the side and the first surface form 8 main cutting edges and 8 secondary cutting edges; and / or the axis of symmetry of the polygon formed by the side has an angle α with the axis of symmetry formed by the first surface and the second surface.
[0018] In one embodiment, the included angle α ranges from 0 to 20°.
[0019] The milling insert provided in this application has at least the following technical effects: The milling insert provided in this application, by adjusting the height of the rake face and the secondary rake face, enables the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge to have different structural strengths and sharpness, so that the milling insert can cope with different machining conditions and obtain a high-quality machined surface when the cutting allowance is small.
[0020] This application also provides a milling tool, including a tool body and a milling insert as described above, the insert body being mounted on the tool body.
[0021] The milling tool provided in this application embodiment has at least the following technical effects: by using milling inserts with different rake faces and secondary rake faces, the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge have different structural strengths and sharpness, enabling the milling inserts to cope with different machining conditions and obtain high-quality machined surfaces with small cutting allowances.
[0022] Other features and beneficial effects of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other beneficial effects of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships in the drawings described below are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figures.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the milling insert provided in this application.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of a milling insert provided in this application.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of an embodiment of the milling insert provided in this application.
[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point A.
[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point B.
[0029] Figure label:
[0030] 100 Insert body 110 First surface 111 Rake face
[0031] 112 Secondary rake face; 113 Primary cutting edge; 114 Secondary cutting edge
[0032] 115 Circular arc cutting edge; 116 First transition surface; 117 Second transition surface
[0033] 118 Blade width, 119 Heat dissipation groove, 120 Second surface
[0034] 130 Side face 131 Side back face 132 Rounded back face
[0035] 140 mounting holes Detailed Implementation
[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different implementations of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0037] It should be noted that the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to direct setup or connection, or indirect setup or connection through centered components or centered structures.
[0038] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, terms such as "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or in a conventional placement or usage state. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structure, feature, device, or element referred to must have a specific orientation or positional relationship, nor that it must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.
[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which this application pertains, and should not be construed as limiting this application; it should be further understood that the terms used in the embodiments of this application should be understood to have the same meaning as these terms in the context of this specification and in the relevant field, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, except as expressly defined in this application.
[0040] In machining, the parameters of the cutting edge of the cutting tool remain consistent, which makes it unable to adapt to different cutting allowances, resulting in poor quality of the machined surface.
[0041] Therefore, this application provides a milling insert that, by adjusting the height of the rake face and the secondary rake face, enables the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge to have different structural strengths and sharpness, allowing the milling insert to cope with different machining conditions and obtain a high-quality machined surface when the cutting allowance is small.
[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The milling insert provided in this application includes an insert body 100, which includes a first surface 110, a second surface 120, a side surface 130, and a mounting hole 140.
[0043] The first surface 110 is located on one side of the blade body 100; the second surface 120 is located on the other side of the blade body 100 and is disposed opposite to the first surface 110; the side surface 130 is provided with a plurality of holes for connecting the first surface 110 and the second surface 120; the mounting hole 140 penetrates the blade body 100, so that the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 are connected.
[0044] The first surface 110 intersects with the side surface 130 at a location where a rake face 111 and a secondary rake face 112 are located, with the secondary rake face 112 adjacent to the rake face 111. A primary cutting edge 113 is formed at the intersection of the rake face 111 and the side surface 130, and a secondary cutting edge 114 is formed at the intersection of the secondary rake face 112 and the side surface 130. Specifically, the rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 intersecting the same side surface 130 form a group, and the rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 of the same group intersect with the side surface 130 to form the primary cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114.
[0045] The angle γ between the main cutting edge 113 and the first surface 110 is smaller than the angle α between the secondary cutting edge 114 and the first surface 110. That is, the slopes of the rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 intersecting on the same side 130 are different, making the angle γ smaller than the angle α.
[0046] This design increases the structural strength of the main cutting edge 113, ensuring its cutting and milling function. The larger angle α between the secondary cutting edge 114 and the first surface 110 makes the secondary cutting edge 114 thinner and sharper, ensuring that the secondary cutting edge 114 can produce a high-quality cutting surface on the workpiece.
[0047] In actual operation, the primary cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114 face different machining conditions. The secondary cutting edge 114 has a smaller cutting allowance, and its sharper structure ensures the surface quality of the workpiece. The primary cutting edge 113 has a larger cutting allowance, and its high-strength structure ensures the reliability of its milling operation. This allows the milling insert to handle different machining conditions and achieve high-quality machined surfaces even with small cutting allowances.
[0048] It is understood that the milling inserts shown in this embodiment and its accompanying drawings are merely examples. In some embodiments, the milling inserts can be either positive inserts (the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114 are only provided on the first surface 110 or the second surface 120) or negative inserts (such as...). Figure 2As shown, the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114 are disposed on the first surface 110 and the second surface 120. The first surface 110 and the second surface 120 are rotationally symmetrical, which facilitates the machining of milling inserts. Furthermore, the indexable insert can be a left-handed insert or a right-handed insert, which is not limited in this application.
[0049] For example, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the slopes at different positions within the rake face 111 are the same, and the slopes at different positions within the secondary rake face 112 are also the same. That is, both the rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 are actually inclined planes. The slopes of a set of rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112 intersecting the same side 130 are different. The inclined planes ensure the overall structural strength of the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114.
[0050] Optionally, the rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 of the same group are transitioned by a first transition surface 116, while the secondary rake face 112 and the rake face 111 of different groups are transitioned by a second transition surface 117. The first transition surface 116 and the second transition surface 117 can be planar or curved, as long as the transition between the rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 is smooth. Those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.
[0051] Optionally, the slopes of different groups of rake faces 111 and different groups of secondary rake faces 112 are the same. Multiple groups of rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112 form multiple groups of main cutting edges 113 and secondary cutting edges 114, so that after a group of main cutting edges 113 and secondary cutting edges 114 wear, the milling insert can be adjusted in direction and continued to be used, thereby improving production efficiency and the overall service life of the insert.
[0052] Optionally, the slopes of different groups of rake faces 111 and different groups of secondary rake faces 112 can be adjusted to give the milling inserts multiple specifications of primary cutting edges 113 and secondary cutting edges 114. This eliminates the need to use two specifications of milling inserts during machining, effectively reducing the management difficulty of milling inserts. Specific specifications can be set by those skilled in the art according to their needs, and this application does not impose any limitations.
[0053] For example, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the included angle γ ranges from 5° to 25°, and the included angle α ranges from 5° to 25°. Specifically, the design of the included angles γ and α ensures sufficient sharpness while maintaining the structure of the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114.
[0054] Optional, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, a side relief face 131 is formed at the intersection of the side surface 130 and the secondary rake face 112. The side relief face 131 gradually approaches the center of the first surface 110 from the side surface 130 to the secondary cutting edge 114. The angle β between the side relief face 131 and the normal to the first surface 110 ranges from 0 to 10°. Specifically, the side relief face 131 gradually slopes towards the center of the first surface 110 from the side surface 130 to the secondary cutting edge 114, ensuring that the side relief face 131 will not contact the workpiece polished by the secondary cutting edge 114 during machining, thus guaranteeing the machining quality of the workpiece surface. Simultaneously, the range of the angle β further ensures the sharpness and structural strength of the secondary cutting edge 114.
[0055] Optional, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the length ratio of the secondary cutting edge 114 to the primary cutting edge 113 is 1:2 to 4. That is, the length of the secondary cutting edge 114 can be selected according to the requirements. Those skilled in the art can select an appropriate length of the secondary cutting edge 114 according to the finishing requirements while ensuring the length of the primary cutting edge 113.
[0056] Optional, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a cutting edge width surface 118 is provided between the rake face 111 and the main cutting edge 113. The cutting edge width surface 118 gradually decreases in size as it approaches the secondary rake face 112. Specifically, the cutting edge width surface 118 is located between the rake face 111 and the main cutting edge 113. As the rake face 111 approaches the secondary rake faces 112 of the same group and adjacent groups, the cutting edge width surface 118 gradually decreases. The cutting edge width surface 118 ensures the cutting edge strength of the main cutting edge 113 and improves its chip resistance. At the same time, the cutting edge width surface 118 gradually decreases as it approaches the secondary cutting edge 114, which does not affect the sharpness of the secondary cutting edge 114 and ensures the finishing effect of the milling insert.
[0057] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an arc-shaped flank face 132 is provided between adjacent side surfaces 130, and the main cutting edge 113 corresponding to the arc-shaped flank face 132 is an arc-shaped cutting edge 115. Specifically, the arc-shaped flank face 132 enables a smooth transition between adjacent side surfaces 130, and the arc-shaped cutting edge 115 enables a smooth transition between different groups of main cutting edges 113 and secondary cutting edges 114, thereby ensuring machining quality.
[0058] Optional, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the side surface 130 has eight sides arranged in a regular octagon. The side surface 130 and the first surface 110 together form eight main cutting edges 113 and eight secondary cutting edges 114. Specifically, the eight side surfaces 130 surround the first surface 110 to form a regular octagon, creating eight sets of main cutting edges 113 and secondary cutting edges 114. The regular octagonal surface makes the overall structure of the insert body 100 simple and easy to install. Different sets do not interfere with each other, minimizing interference and improving the utilization rate of the milling insert.
[0059] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the axis of symmetry of the polygon formed by the side surface 130 forms an angle α with the axis of symmetry formed by the first surface 110 and the second surface 120. Specifically, the axis of symmetry formed by the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 actually refers to the line connecting the midpoints of the two opposing rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112 on the first surface 110 or the second surface 120 away from the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114. This line forms an angle α with the line connecting the midpoints of the corresponding side surface 130 of these two rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112. That is, the rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112 do not uniformly and linearly shrink from the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114 to their ends. This increases the chip space formed by the rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112 and the first surface 110, enhances chip capacity, reduces the impact of chips on the workpiece, and thus improves machining quality.
[0060] Optionally, the included angle α can range from 0 to 20°.
[0061] Optional, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a heat dissipation groove 119 is provided on the rake face 111. The heat dissipation groove 119 can effectively reduce the friction between the rake face 111 and the workpiece surface during machining, further improving the machining quality. At the same time, it can also play a heat dissipation role, extending the service life of the milling insert.
[0062] For example, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the insert body 100 is a negative-profile insert and may include eight side surfaces 130. The projection of the insert body 100 onto the first surface 110 is an octagon. The insert body 100 has 16 main cutting edges 113, which can greatly improve cutting economy. A mounting hole 140 is provided at the center of the insert body 100. The eight side surfaces 130 surround the first surface 110 and the second surface 120. At the intersection of the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 with the side surfaces 130, there are rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112. The secondary rake face 112 is adjacent to the rake face 111. The main cutting edge 113 is formed at the intersection of the rake face 111 and the side surface 130, and the secondary cutting edge 114 is formed at the intersection of the secondary rake face 112 and the side surface 130. The rake faces 111 and the secondary rake faces 112 intersecting the same side surface 130 have different slopes. The first surface 110 and the second surface 120 are rotationally symmetrical. (The rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 intersecting with the same side surface 130 are in the same group. The rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 in the same group intersect with the side surface 130 to form the main cutting edge 113 and the secondary cutting edge 114 in the same group.) The rake face 111 and the secondary rake face 112 in the same group are transitioned through the first transition surface 116, and the secondary rake face 112 and the rake face 111 in different groups are transitioned through the second transition surface 117. The first transition surface 116 and the second transition surface 117 are inclined planes with different slopes. A cutting edge width surface 118 is provided between the rake face 111 and the main cutting edge 113. The cutting edge width surface 118 gradually decreases from the main cutting edge 113 in the direction approaching the secondary rake face 112. A side relief surface 131 is provided at the intersection of the side surface 130 and the secondary rake face 112. The side relief surface 131 starts from the side surface 130 and gradually approaches the center of the first surface 110 towards the secondary cutting edge 114. An arc-shaped flank face 132 is provided between the side flank face 131 and its adjacent side face 130. The main cutting edge 113 corresponding to the arc-shaped flank face 132 is an arc-shaped cutting edge 115. The line connecting the midpoints of any two sets of rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112 on the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 away from the main cutting edge 113 and secondary cutting edge 114 forms an angle α with the line connecting the midpoints of the corresponding side faces 130 of the two sets of rake faces 111 and secondary rake faces 112.
[0063] Of course, in other embodiments, the specific structure of the blade body 100 can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual processing situation. For example, the blade body 100 may also include 6 sides 130, that is, the projection of the blade body 100 on the first surface 110 is a regular hexagon.
[0064] This application also provides a milling tool, including a tool body and a milling insert as described above, with the insert body 100 mounted on the tool body.
[0065] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of this application can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.
[0066] Although this document frequently uses terms such as insert body, first surface, rake face, secondary rake face, primary cutting edge, secondary cutting edge, circular arc cutting edge, first transition surface, second transition surface, cutting width surface, heat dissipation groove, second surface, side surface, side relief face, circular arc relief face, and mounting hole, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this application; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this application. The terms "first," "second," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A milling insert, characterized in that: Includes a blade body, the blade body comprising The first surface is located on one side of the blade body; The second surface is located on the other side of the blade body and is disposed opposite to the first surface; On the side, there are multiple surfaces for connecting the first surface and the second surface; The mounting hole penetrates the blade body, connecting the first surface and the second surface; Wherein, a rake face and a secondary rake face are provided at the position where the first surface intersects with the side surface, and the secondary rake face is adjacent to the rake face; the main cutting edge is formed at the intersection of the rake face and the side surface, and the secondary cutting edge is formed at the intersection of the secondary rake face and the side surface. The angle γ between the main cutting edge and the first surface is smaller than the angle α between the secondary cutting edge and the first surface; The side face intersects with the secondary rake face to form a side relief face, which starts from the side face and gradually approaches the center of the first surface as the secondary cutting edge approaches the first surface; the angle β between the side relief face and the normal of the first surface ranges from 0 to 10°.
2. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slopes at different positions within the rake face are the same, and the slopes at different positions within the secondary rake face are also the same.
3. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle γ ranges from 5° to 25°, and the included angle α ranges from 5° to 25°.
4. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length ratio of the secondary cutting edge to the main cutting edge is 1:2 to 4.
5. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutting edge width surface is provided between the rake face and the main cutting edge, and the cutting edge width surface gradually decreases in the direction approaching the secondary rake face.
6. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped back face is provided between adjacent sides, and the main cutting edge portion corresponding to the arc-shaped back face is an arc-shaped cutting edge.
7. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side has 8 edges, which surround to form a regular octagon. The side and the first surface form 8 main cutting edges and 8 secondary cutting edges; and / or the axis of symmetry of the polygon formed by the side has an angle α with the axis of symmetry formed by the first surface and the second surface.
8. The milling insert according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angle α ranges from 0 to 20°.
9. A milling tool, characterized in that, It includes a tool body and a milling insert as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the insert body is mounted on the tool body.