A method and system for installing a marine stern shaft

Abstract

The application provides a ship stern shaft installation method and a construction system. The stern shaft installation method of the application adopts a mode in which multiple loading vehicles arranged side by side support and transport the stern shaft in cooperation with each other. The support mechanisms of the multiple loading vehicles jointly support the stern shaft. The stern shaft is sequentially passed through the shaft frame and installed into the shaft pipe. The loading vehicles independently control the horizontal movement, longitudinal movement and lifting process thereof. The supporting height of the corresponding loading vehicle can be controlled when the shaft frame is passed through, so as to prevent stroke interference, until the stern shaft is completely installed in place. The stern shaft installation construction system of the application is provided with an extension rod and a track mechanism. The extension rod is sleeved on the first end of the stern shaft. The super-short dummy shaft is used for guiding the installation of the stern shaft, so as to improve the installation precision of the stern shaft. The track mechanism laid in the shaft pipe provides a sliding guide rail for the extension rod, so that the extension rod and the stern shaft can more smoothly and efficiently move in the shaft pipe. The installation method of the application can replace the existing track transportation mode, realize multi-angle and multi-direction transportation, and is more convenient and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of marine technology, and in particular relates to a method and construction system for installing a ship's stern shaft. Background Technology

[0002] The stern shaft is the last section of the shaft tube in a ship's shafting system. The forward flange of the stern shaft is connected to the intermediate shaft flange with tight-fitting bolts, and the stern end is conical in shape, used to install the ship's propeller. Before a ship is launched, the ship's propulsion system needs to be installed. The stern shaft is inserted from the outside of the hull to the inside, passing through the aft stern shaft bracket and stern tube until the shaft end protrudes to the designed length.

[0003] Nowadays, ships have large displacements, and their stern shafts and propeller shafts are long and heavy. When they pass through the aft stern shaft bracket and shaft tube, the relative clearance between the stern shaft and the aft stern shaft bracket and shaft tube is small, which places certain requirements on the installation accuracy of the stern shaft.

[0004] The traditional method of installing a stern shaft involves welding lifting brackets above the shafting system, using a hoist to lift the stern shaft, and then slowly moving it to the designated position by adjusting the position of the lifting straps and the length of the hoist. This traditional installation method has the following drawbacks: using a manual hoist is time-consuming and labor-intensive; there is a safety risk of the stern shaft hitting the shaft bracket during the shaft insertion process; the shaft insertion action is not continuous but rather pulsed, and uneven force on the stern shaft can increase shaft deflection and reduce transmission efficiency; the gap between the stern shaft and the shaft bracket is uncontrollable during the shaft pulling process, posing a risk of the stern shaft colliding with the shaft tube and shaft bracket at any time; furthermore, welding the lifting brackets affects the strength of the hull plating; the process of cutting and grinding the lifting brackets increases labor costs significantly; and the process also has an environmental impact.

[0005] Existing technology provides a track-type stern shaft plugging fixture: the stern shaft is transported via pre-laid tracks. Before installation, the tracks must be laid first. The stern shaft is placed on a support trolley, and a traction device is used to pull the stern shaft sideways. Upon reaching the stern shaft frame, the height of the support trolley is adjusted using a screw rod to allow the stern shaft to pass through the frame, completing the plugging process. However, in practical applications, the tracks are too heavy, and for ultra-long stern shafts, the number of segments that need to be spliced ​​is too large, making it more difficult to adjust the laying angle. This has resulted in the track-type stern shaft plugging fixture being difficult to widely adopt.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and construction system for installing a ship stern shaft, which solves the problems of difficulty in laying stern shaft installation tracks, easy damage to the stern shaft during installation, complex post-processing procedures, and high labor costs in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this application provides a method for installing a ship's stern shaft, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1: Install the auxiliary tooling onto the modular vehicle. The auxiliary tooling includes four independently controllable loading vehicles. The stern shaft is hoisted onto the auxiliary tooling. When the modular vehicle travels to the stern shaft frame of the ship, the loading angle of the stern shaft is adjusted until the axis of the stern shaft coincides with the center line of the shaft frame.

[0010] S2: The height of the first loading vehicle is lowered below the axle frame, and the module vehicle moves forward to transport the stern axle. When the front end of the stern axle passes through the axle frame and the first loading vehicle passes the axle frame, the first loading vehicle is raised to support the stern axle.

[0011] S3: The second, third and fourth loading vehicles repeat the travel pattern of the first loading vehicle in S2 in turn until the stern axle completely passes through the axle frame;

[0012] S4: When the modular vehicle moves to the axle tube, the height of the first loading vehicle is lowered to disengage from the stern axle, and the first loading vehicle is locked. The second, third, and fourth loading vehicles move forward and laterally relative to the modular vehicle, conveying the stern axle into the axle tube.

[0013] S5: The first loading vehicle lifts up to support the stern axle, the first, second and third loading vehicles support the stern axle, and the fourth loading vehicle moves back to adjust its supporting position on the stern axle.

[0014] S6: The third and second loading vehicles sequentially repeat the retraction mode of the fourth loading vehicle in S5, so that the support point of the loading vehicle on the stern axle moves backward as a whole, and repeats the stern axle conveying process in S4.

[0015] S7: The four loading vehicles sequentially repeat the stern shaft conveying process of S4 to S6 until the stern shaft is installed in place;

[0016] The four loading vehicles on the auxiliary tooling are, in order along the stern shaft mounting direction, the first loading vehicle, the second loading vehicle, the third loading vehicle, and the fourth loading vehicle.

[0017] In one implementation, step S1 further includes:

[0018] S01: A track mechanism is laid inside the shaft tube for guiding the installation of the stern shaft.

[0019] In one implementation, step S1 further includes:

[0020] S02: Install an extension rod at the proximal end of the stern shaft, and set a sliding plate that matches the track mechanism on the side wall of the extension rod.

[0021] In one embodiment, the ship stern shaft installation method further includes:

[0022] S8: After the stern shaft is installed in place, the track mechanism and the guide rod are removed in sequence.

[0023] In one implementation, step S1 further includes:

[0024] Adjust the lateral spacing between the four loading vehicles to match the length of the stern axle;

[0025] Adjust the relative position of the support mechanism of each of the loading vehicles so that the support mechanism is located in the middle of the loading vehicle and the four contact points of the stern axle and the loading vehicle are in a straight line.

[0026] Adjust each of the support mechanisms to the same support height so that the four contact points between the stern shaft and the loading vehicle are on a horizontal straight line.

[0027] In one implementation, step S1 further includes:

[0028] As the stern shaft is lowered, before it contacts the loading vehicle, the height of the loading vehicle is simultaneously adjusted to align with the stern shaft until the stern shaft contacts and sits on the four loading vehicles.

[0029] In one implementation, in step S5, the retraction mode of the fourth loading vehicle is as follows:

[0030] The height of the fourth loading vehicle is lowered and it detaches from the stern axle. After moving a certain distance relative to the module vehicle, the height of the fourth loading vehicle is raised again to support the stern axle.

[0031] This application also provides a construction system for a ship's stern shaft, including auxiliary tooling, a modular vehicle, lifting equipment, and a control system, wherein:

[0032] The auxiliary tooling is used to mount the stern shaft and assemble it onto the modular vehicle;

[0033] The lifting device is used to lift the stern shaft and mount it on the auxiliary tooling;

[0034] The control system is connected to the auxiliary tooling and the modular vehicle, and executes the action commands of the auxiliary tooling and the modular vehicle through external control.

[0035] In one embodiment, the auxiliary tooling further includes:

[0036] A base support is provided, on which four loading vehicles are movably mounted. Each loading vehicle is arranged linearly along a transverse direction on the base support.

[0037] A support mechanism, located on top of the loading vehicle, is used to support the stern shaft;

[0038] A longitudinal displacement mechanism is located below the support mechanism and drives the support mechanism to move longitudinally.

[0039] The lateral movement mechanism is movably connected to the base support via a guide mechanism and drives the loading vehicle to move laterally.

[0040] A lifting mechanism is disposed on the lateral movement mechanism and located between the lateral movement mechanism and the longitudinal movement mechanism, for driving the longitudinal movement mechanism and the support mechanism to move vertically.

[0041] In one embodiment, the auxiliary tooling further includes:

[0042] The track mechanism is located at the bottom of the ship's axle tube;

[0043] An extension rod is installed at the bow end of the stern shaft;

[0044] The guide rod is slidably connected to the track mechanism and is used for guiding the installation of the stern shaft after it enters the shaft tube.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. The stern shaft installation method of this application can replace the existing rail transportation method. The auxiliary tooling is set on the modular vehicle to realize multi-angle and multi-directional transportation, reduce the construction of rail laying, and eliminate the need for manual pulling and reversing during installation. Each set of auxiliary tooling includes multiple loading vehicles arranged side by side. The support mechanism of multiple loading vehicles jointly supports the stern shaft. The stern shaft is passed through the axle frame and installed into the axle tube in sequence. Multiple loading vehicles are independently controlled. When passing through the axle frame, the support height of the corresponding loading vehicle can be controlled to prevent stroke interference until the stern shaft is fully installed.

[0047] 2. The auxiliary tooling for stern shaft installation in this application is equipped with an extension rod and a track mechanism. The extension rod is sleeved on the bow end of the stern shaft and an ultra-short dummy shaft is used for stern shaft installation guidance, which improves the installation accuracy of the stern shaft. The track mechanism laid in the shaft tube provides a sliding guide for the extension rod, making the movement of the extension rod and the stern shaft in the shaft tube smoother and more efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for installing the stern shaft of the vessel in this application;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the stern shaft in its hoisted and positioned state.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the stern shaft at the bearing bracket.

[0051] Figure 4A schematic diagram showing the stern shaft's bow end passing through the shaft bracket;

[0052] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the forward section of the stern shaft passing through the axle bracket;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the stern shaft reaching the shaft tube.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the stern shaft entering the shaft tube.

[0055] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the stern shaft in its installed position;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary tooling structure used in the method of this application;

[0057] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extension rod;

[0058] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the track mechanism.

[0059] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0060] 1. Foundation support;

[0061] 2. Guiding mechanism;

[0062] 3. Lateral movement mechanism;

[0063] 4. Lifting mechanism;

[0064] 5. Longitudinal movement mechanism;

[0065] 6. Supporting structures;

[0066] 7. Extension pole; 701. Clamp; 702. Slide plate;

[0067] 8. Track mechanism; 801. Rubber tie rod; 802. Track base plate; 803. Track baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and principles of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application.

[0069] It should be noted that you should refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 11The illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] This application discloses a method for installing a ship's stern shaft, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-8 The method for installing a ship's stern shaft includes the following steps:

[0072] S1: Select auxiliary tooling and install it onto the modular vehicle. The auxiliary tooling includes four independently controllable loading vehicles. The four loading vehicles on the auxiliary tooling are, in order along the stern shaft mounting direction, the first loading vehicle, the second loading vehicle, the third loading vehicle, and the fourth loading vehicle.

[0073] The specific process is as follows: First, select auxiliary tooling and modular vehicle that match the stern shaft model, especially the length of the stern shaft. This can greatly reduce the angle and displacement that need to be adjusted during the later installation process. Bolts and lifting lugs are arranged at intervals on the base support 1 of the auxiliary tooling, which are used to fix the auxiliary tooling to the modular vehicle and to lift the auxiliary tooling as a whole. At the same time, the electric servo control system of the auxiliary tooling is connected to the hydraulic pipeline and electrical signal line and other external equipment between the loading vehicle.

[0074] Subsequently, a track mechanism 8 is laid inside the axle tube for guiding the installation of the stern shaft. The track mechanism 8 includes a flat track base plate 802. The stern shaft is slidably conveyed and installed on the track base plate 802, reducing the frictional resistance during shaft installation. It should be noted that due to the special structure inside the axle tube, there may be protrusions or steps on its inner surface, which may affect the laying of the track base plate 802. Rubber pads should be laid inside the axle tube first to fill the height difference. By splicing and bonding rubber pads of different thicknesses, the installation surface of the track base plate 802 is placed on the same flat plane. To facilitate the timely removal of the rubber pads after the stern shaft is installed, rubber pull posts 801 are set on each section of rubber pads. The rubber pull posts 801 are connected to the external traction device through traction ropes. In addition, to prevent the friction between the stern shaft and the track base plate 802 from causing displacement of the track base plate 802 during the shaft insertion process, a track baffle 803 can be installed at the connection between the track base plate 802 and the end of the shaft tube, and the track baffle 803 can be fixed to the end of the shaft tube with bolts.

[0075] Finally, clean the stern shaft thoroughly and mark it into several sections according to its total length. Install the guide rod 7 at the front end of the stern shaft. Install clamps 701 at the front end of the guide rod 7 and the front end of the stern shaft, respectively. Rubber pads are placed between the clamps 701 and the guide rod 7 and the front end of the stern shaft. The clamps 701 enhance the connection strength of the guide rod 7 and also provide some protection for the front end of the stern shaft. Set a sliding plate 702 that matches the track mechanism 8 on the side wall of the guide rod 7. The sliding plate 702 and the track base plate 802 cooperate to guide the stern shaft to be smoothly inserted into the shaft tube. It should be noted that the two sliding plates 702 should be kept on the same plane during installation to ensure that the sliding plate 702 and the track base plate 802 are in surface contact after the stern shaft enters the shaft tube. The setup of the extension rod 7 and the track mechanism 8 can prevent impact damage to the stern shaft and protect the inner wall structure of the shaft tube, further optimizing the installation process of the stern shaft.

[0076] Adjust the lateral spacing between the four loaders to match the length of the stern axle; adjust the relative position of the support mechanism 6 of each loader so that the four contact points between the stern axle and the loader are in a straight line.

[0077] The specific process is as follows: the distance between the four loading vehicles is preset according to the length of the stern axle, and the support height of the four loading vehicles is adjusted so that they all rise to the same height to receive the stern axle that is about to be lowered; the longitudinal position of each support mechanism 6 is adjusted so that the support mechanism 6 is located in the middle of the loading vehicle, providing sufficient adjustment space for longitudinal fine adjustment during the axle insertion process. The four contact points of the adjusted stern axle and the loading vehicle are located on a horizontal straight line, providing uniform and stable support force to the stern axle.

[0078] See Figures 2-3 The stern shaft is hoisted onto the modular vehicle. The modular vehicle then moves to the axle frame at the stern of the ship and adjusts the loading angle of the stern shaft until the axis of the stern shaft coincides with the center line of the axle frame.

[0079] The specific process is as follows: After the above preparations are completed, the stern shaft is lifted. During lifting, the sliding plate 702 is positioned at the bottom and suspended horizontally. The modular vehicle is driven to directly below the stern shaft, and the stern shaft is slowly and steadily lowered with the sliding plate 702 facing downwards. Before the stern shaft contacts the support mechanism 6 of the loading vehicle, the height of the loading vehicle is simultaneously adjusted to align with the stern shaft, eliminating the impact force of the fall. During the lowering of the stern shaft, the modular vehicle is already in place and it is difficult to continue to change its longitudinal position. It is necessary to continue to adjust the longitudinal position of each support mechanism 6 to reduce the positional deviation between the stern shaft and each loading vehicle until the stern shaft contacts and sits on the four stern shaft loading vehicles. After the stern shaft is placed stably, the modular vehicle moves to the axle frame at the stern of the ship and adjusts the support height of the four loading vehicles to make the stern shaft tilted until the axis of the stern shaft coincides with the center line of the axle frame, aligning it with the center of the axle frame to facilitate the subsequent shaft insertion work.

[0080] S2: See also Figure 4The height of the first loading vehicle is lowered below the axle frame, and the module vehicle moves forward to transport the stern axle. After the front end of the stern axle passes through the axle frame, the first loading vehicle is raised to support the stern axle.

[0081] The specific process is as follows: When the first loading vehicle reaches the rear end face of the axle frame, in order to avoid travel interference, the support height of the first loading vehicle is reduced to below the axle frame, and the modular vehicle continues to move forward. When the first loading vehicle reaches the front end face of the axle frame, that is, when the front end of the stern axle just passes through the axle frame, the first loading vehicle is raised to support the stern axle, so that the stern axle returns to a stable support state with four contact surfaces with the loading vehicle.

[0082] S3: See also Figures 5-6 The second, third, and fourth loading vehicles sequentially repeat the travel pattern of the first loading vehicle in S2 until the stern axle completely passes through the axle frame.

[0083] The specific process is as follows: Continue to drive the modular vehicle forward. When the second loading vehicle reaches the rear end of the axle frame, repeat the action mode of the first loading vehicle in S2. After the second loading vehicle lowers to avoid the axle frame, it rises again to support the stern axle. The third and fourth loading vehicles are similar, passing under the axle frame in turn until the stern axle completely passes through the axle frame.

[0084] S4: See also Figure 7 When the modular vehicle moves to the axle tube, the first loading vehicle lowers its height and detaches from the stern axle. The second, third, and fourth loading vehicles move forward and laterally relative to the modular vehicle, conveying the stern axle into the axle tube.

[0085] The specific process is as follows: When the modular vehicle moves to the axle tube, and the first loading vehicle is about to contact the rear end face of the axle tube, the height of the first loading vehicle decreases to detach from the stern axle to prevent it from colliding with the axle tube. The second, third, and fourth loading vehicles move forward simultaneously on the modular vehicle to transport the stern axle into the axle tube. At this time, the first loading vehicle remains in a fixed position. To improve the conveying efficiency and reduce the frequency of front-to-back position adjustments for each loading vehicle, the second, third, and fourth modular vehicles can travel up to the distance where the second modular vehicle is close to the first modular vehicle. This travel distance is also the first insertion distance of the stern axle. When the stern axle enters the axle tube, its angle and position are adjusted so that the guide rod 7 and the sliding plate 702 at the bottom of the stern axle's head contact the track base plate 802 of the track mechanism 8 inside the axle tube. The stern axle is slidably installed inside the axle tube, reducing the frictional resistance of the stern axle installation and protecting the paint inside the axle tube from scratches and damage.

[0086] S5: The first loader lifts up to support the stern axle, and the fourth loader moves back to adjust its supporting position on the stern axle.

[0087] The specific process is as follows: When the second loading vehicle moves laterally to the rear of the first loading vehicle, the first loading vehicle raises to support the stern axle, so that the stern axle continues to be stably supported by the four contact surfaces. Then the fourth loading vehicle moves backward. The backward movement mode of the fourth loading vehicle is as follows: the height of the fourth loading vehicle decreases and it moves away from the stern axle. The first, second and third loading vehicles support the stern axle. After the fourth loading vehicle moves backward a certain distance relative to the module vehicle, in order to improve the conveying efficiency and reduce the frequency of front and rear position adjustments of each loading vehicle, the fourth module vehicle can move backward to its initial position. At this time, the height of the fourth loading vehicle is raised again, and the four loading vehicles jointly support the stern axle.

[0088] S6: The third and second loading vehicles sequentially repeat the retraction mode of the fourth loading vehicle in S5, so that the support point of the loading vehicle on the stern axle moves backward as a whole, and the first loading vehicle repeats the stern axle conveying process in S4.

[0089] The specific process is as follows: After the third loading vehicle descends and retracts to its initial position, the supporting stern shaft is raised. After the second loading vehicle descends and retracts to its initial position, the supporting stern shaft is raised. It should be noted that each loading vehicle should complete the retraction process in sequence to ensure that there are at least three effective contact surfaces on the stern shaft so that the stern shaft is subjected to uniform force.

[0090] S7: See also Figure 8 The four stern axle loading vehicles sequentially repeat the stern axle conveying process from S4 to S6 until the stern axle is installed in place;

[0091] The specific process is as follows: the position of the modular vehicle is fixed, the height of the first loading vehicle is lowered again and detached from the stern axle, the second loading vehicle, the third loading vehicle and the fourth loading vehicle move forward and laterally relative to the modular vehicle, when the second loading vehicle moves laterally to the rear end of the first modular vehicle, the conveying ends, and the second axle insertion process of the stern axle in the axle tube is completed, the first loading vehicle is raised to support the stern axle, and the fourth, third and second loading vehicles retreat in sequence again, gradually moving their support points on the stern axle until the entire stern axle is completely installed in place.

[0092] S8: After the stern shaft is installed in place, remove the track mechanism 8 and the extension rod 7 in sequence;

[0093] The specific process is as follows: First, the stern shaft is temporarily lifted using a lifting device. The height of all four loading vehicles is lowered until they are below the bottom of the stern shaft. Then, the modular vehicle is moved backward and removed from the installation area. The track baffle 803 is removed, and the rubber tie rod 801 is connected to the external traction device via a traction rope. Pulling the rubber tie rod 801 removes the rubber pad and the track base plate 802, leaving only the stern shaft installed in place inside the shaft tube.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] This embodiment provides a construction system for a ship's stern shaft. For ease of description, a coordinate system is defined as follows: Figure 9As shown, the x-axis is defined as the first direction, i.e., the horizontal direction; the y-axis is defined as the second direction, i.e., the vertical direction; and the z-axis is defined as the third direction, i.e., the vertical direction.

[0096] See Figures 9-11 The construction system for stern shaft installation includes auxiliary tooling, modular vehicles, lifting equipment, and a control system, among which:

[0097] The stern axle auxiliary tooling is used to mount the stern axle and assemble it on the stern axle module vehicle;

[0098] Stern shaft lifters are used to lift the stern shaft and mount it on auxiliary stern shaft fixtures;

[0099] The stern shaft control system is connected to the stern shaft auxiliary tooling and the stern shaft module vehicle, and executes the action commands of the stern shaft auxiliary tooling and the stern shaft module vehicle through external control.

[0100] See Figure 9 In one embodiment, the auxiliary tooling further includes:

[0101] Foundation support 1, on which four loading vehicles are movably mounted. The loading vehicles are arranged linearly along the transverse direction on foundation support 1. The loading vehicles include:

[0102] Support mechanism 6, located on top of the loader, is used to support the stern axle;

[0103] The longitudinal movement mechanism 5 is located below the support mechanism 6 and drives the support mechanism 6 to move longitudinally.

[0104] The lateral movement mechanism 3 is movably connected to the foundation support 1 through the guide mechanism 2, and drives the loader to move laterally;

[0105] The lifting mechanism 4 is mounted on the horizontal moving mechanism 3 and located between the horizontal moving mechanism 3 and the vertical moving mechanism 5, and is used to drive the vertical displacement of the vertical moving mechanism 5 and the support mechanism 6.

[0106] See Figures 10-11 In one embodiment, the auxiliary tooling further includes:

[0107] Track mechanism 8 is located at the bottom of the ship's axle tube;

[0108] Extension rod 7 is located at the bow end of the stern shaft;

[0109] The guide rod 7 is slidably connected to the track mechanism 8 and is used for guiding the installation of the stern shaft after it enters the shaft tube.

[0110] The stern axle installation system is a "remote-controlled mechanized axle-inserting system" composed of a remote control operating system, a high-precision servo motor, a hydraulic transmission system, mechanical actuators, a stern axle tube slide rail, an ultra-short dummy axle, an axle-holding slide plate, a position monitoring system, and a modular flatbed truck. The mechanical actuator loading vehicles are positioned according to the stern axle's center of gravity and the length of the rear axle frame. The stern axle is then hoisted onto the support mechanism of the loading vehicle. The front-to-back drop is adjusted according to the spacing of the modular vehicle axles to ensure the stern axle is parallel to the axle axis. The modular vehicle moves forward axially, and the support height is adjusted proportionally as the axle is inserted into the rear axle frame. After the stern axle enters and passes through the rear axle frame, the position of each loading vehicle is adjusted to insert the stern axle into place. When the stern axle enters the axle tube, the slide plate mainly serves as a guide. When the center of the stern axle is in front of all loading vehicles, the slide plate slides on the track, mainly providing transport support.

[0111] In summary, this application provides a method for installing a ship's stern shaft, which can replace existing rail transportation methods. The tooling is fixed on an auxiliary installation vehicle, enabling multi-angle and multi-directional transportation, reducing rail laying construction. No manual pulling or reversing is required during installation. The rotating mechanism allows the propeller to rotate in place, facilitating propeller shaft angle adjustment and alignment with the installation position. The lifting mechanism adjusts the propeller to the installation height, and the longitudinal movement mechanism further fine-tunes the distance between the propeller and the actual installation position, ensuring smooth installation. This application's installation method allows for longitudinal propeller insertion, enabling the propeller to enter narrow spaces for installation by adjusting its direction. After installation, the loading bracket flips over to achieve longitudinal withdrawal, making the operation more flexible and applicable. Therefore, this application effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies and has high industrial applicability.

[0112] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a ship's stern shaft, characterized in that, The method for installing the ship's stern shaft includes the following steps: S1: Install the auxiliary tooling onto the modular vehicle. The auxiliary tooling includes four independently controllable loading vehicles. A track mechanism is laid inside the axle tube. The track mechanism includes a track base plate laid inside the axle tube and a rubber pad laid inside the axle tube before laying the track base plate to fill the height difference inside the axle tube. Install an extension rod at the bow end of the stern shaft. Set a sliding plate matching the track mechanism on the side wall of the extension rod. Hoist the stern shaft onto the auxiliary tooling. When the modular vehicle moves to the axle frame at the stern of the ship, adjust the loading angle of the stern shaft until the axis of the stern shaft coincides with the center line of the axle frame. S2: The height of the first loading vehicle is lowered below the axle frame, and the module vehicle moves forward to transport the stern axle. When the front end of the stern axle passes through the axle frame and the first loading vehicle passes the axle frame, the first loading vehicle is raised to support the stern axle. S3: The second, third and fourth loading vehicles repeat the travel pattern of the first loading vehicle in S2 in turn until the stern axle completely passes through the axle frame; S4: When the modular vehicle moves to the axle tube, the height of the first loading vehicle is lowered to disengage from the stern axle, and the first loading vehicle is locked. The second, third, and fourth loading vehicles move forward and laterally relative to the modular vehicle, conveying the stern axle into the axle tube. S5: The first loading vehicle lifts up to support the stern axle, the first, second and third loading vehicles support the stern axle, and the fourth loading vehicle moves back to adjust its supporting position on the stern axle. S6: The third and second loading vehicles sequentially repeat the retraction mode of the fourth loading vehicle in S5, so that the support point of the loading vehicle on the stern axle moves backward as a whole, and repeats the stern axle conveying process in S4. S7: The four loading vehicles sequentially repeat the stern shaft conveying process of S4~S6 until the stern shaft is installed in place; The four loading vehicles on the auxiliary tooling are, in order along the stern shaft mounting direction, the first loading vehicle, the second loading vehicle, the third loading vehicle, and the fourth loading vehicle.

2. The method for installing a ship's stern shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for installing the ship's stern shaft also includes: S8: After the stern shaft is installed in place, the track mechanism and the guide rod are removed in sequence.

3. The method for installing a ship's stern shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 also includes: Adjust the lateral spacing between the four loading vehicles to match the length of the stern axle; Adjust the relative position of the support mechanism of each of the loading vehicles so that the support mechanism is located in the middle of the loading vehicle and the four contact points of the stern axle and the loading vehicle are in a straight line. Adjust each of the support mechanisms to the same support height so that the four contact points between the stern shaft and the loading vehicle are on a horizontal straight line.

4. The method for installing a ship's stern shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 also includes: As the stern shaft is lowered, before it contacts the loading vehicle, the height of the loading vehicle is simultaneously adjusted to align with the stern shaft until it contacts and sits on the four loading vehicles.

5. The method for installing a ship's stern shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the retraction mode of the fourth loading vehicle is as follows: The height of the fourth loading vehicle is lowered and it detaches from the stern axle. After moving a certain distance relative to the module vehicle, the height of the fourth loading vehicle is raised again to support the stern axle.

6. A construction system for stern shaft installation, characterized in that, Includes auxiliary tooling, modular vehicle, lifting equipment, control system, track mechanism, and extension rod, among which: The track mechanism is located at the bottom of the ship's axle tube, and the track mechanism includes a track base plate laid inside the axle tube and a rubber pad for filling the height difference inside the axle tube. The guide rod is located at the bow end of the stern shaft, and the side wall of the guide rod is provided with a sliding plate that matches the track mechanism. The guide rod is slidably connected to the track mechanism through the sliding plate. The auxiliary tooling is used to mount the stern shaft and assemble it onto the modular vehicle; The lifting device is used to lift the stern shaft and mount it on the auxiliary tooling; The control system is connected to the auxiliary tooling and the modular vehicle, and is used to control the movement of the auxiliary tooling and the modular vehicle by executing the ship stern shaft installation method as described in claim 1.

7. The construction system for stern shaft installation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The auxiliary tooling also includes: A base support is provided, on which four loading vehicles are movably mounted. Each loading vehicle is arranged linearly along a transverse direction on the base support. A support mechanism, located on top of the loading vehicle, is used to support the stern shaft; A longitudinal displacement mechanism is located below the support mechanism and drives the support mechanism to move longitudinally. The lateral movement mechanism is movably connected to the base support via a guide mechanism and drives the loading vehicle to move laterally. A lifting mechanism is disposed on the lateral movement mechanism and located between the lateral movement mechanism and the longitudinal movement mechanism, for driving the longitudinal movement mechanism and the support mechanism to move vertically.

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