An ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mine intelligent ventilation simulation system

Abstract

The application provides a super-large three-dimensional deep metal mine intelligent ventilation simulation system, and relates to the technical field of deep metal mine ventilation. The system comprises a deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure simulation module for simulating underground roadway, stope and heading face of a deep metal mine; a roadway constant temperature control module for simulating preset rock temperature of a roadway and regulating temperature of a simulated roadway test section; an adjustable air source input control module for providing an air source meeting preset temperature, humidity and flow rate for the underground roadway and stope of a mine; a pollutant stable release module for simulating preset concentration release of dust, gun smoke and multi-component pollutant gas in deep mining operation; a particle image velocimetry module for realizing fluid dynamics measurement of multi-phase and multi-component air flow of the simulated roadway test section and stope; and an intelligent ventilation control module for realizing monitoring, calculation and automatic control of multi-element air flow information in the simulated roadway and stope and ventilation facilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ventilation technology for deep metal mines, and in particular to an ultra-large three-dimensional intelligent ventilation simulation system for deep metal mines. Background Technology

[0002] As the mining depth of metal mines continues to increase, the original temperature of the surrounding rock rises continuously, and heat dissipation from the surrounding rock is the main cause of high-temperature heat hazards underground. Furthermore, dust particles and multi-component pollutant gases generated during underground operations deteriorate the working environment. The ventilation system network in deep metal mines is complex, and the unreasonable distribution of underground airflow seriously endangers the working environment of personnel and equipment. Ventilation energy consumption accounts for up to 30% of mining costs. To achieve the goals of underground air quality control and energy conservation, intelligent on-demand ventilation is imperative.

[0003] Due to the complexity of deep mining environments and underground ventilation systems, conducting in-situ experiments on thermal flow fields, pollutant diffusion, and intelligent ventilation control in deep metal mines presents significant challenges. Therefore, establishing an intelligent ventilation simulation system for deep metal mines is essential. Current deep metal mine ventilation simulation devices primarily focus on individual shaft cooling simulations. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN108590730A discloses a shaft cooling simulation device and method, but this device only tests the temperature distribution and cooling of the working face and single-ended roadways. Chinese invention patent application CN108756996A discloses a mine thermal and humidity environment simulation platform containing multiple simulation environment control units. However, this device lacks flow regime measurements for dust particles, pollutant gases, and other airflow information. Furthermore, its structure is relatively simple, lacking an independent ventilation network design, and it cannot simulate the complex intelligent ventilation network structure required for deep metal mine mining.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines. By establishing a metal mine ventilation network system with controllable rock mass temperature, and combining units such as heat flow field testing, pollutant diffusion testing, and intelligent ventilation control, the system can achieve geometric similarity between the roadway and mining area structure, as well as physical similarity between the multiphase flow field and temperature field of the deep mining environment. This system can reproduce the complex thermal hazards of the deep metal mine drilling and transportation network, and realize multi-dimensional information monitoring of the underground environment and intelligent control of air quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and realizes intelligent ventilation simulation for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an ultra-large three-dimensional intelligent ventilation simulation system for deep metal mines, comprising a deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure simulation module, a roadway constant temperature control module with controllable rock temperature, an adjustable air source input control module, a pollutant stable release module, a multiphase and multi-component airflow particle image velocity measurement module, and an intelligent ventilation control module; the deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure module is used to simulate the underground roadways, stopes, and tunneling faces of deep metal mines, and sets up an airflow simulation fluid domain; the roadway constant temperature control module with controllable rock temperature is used to simulate the preset rock temperature of the roadway and to simulate... Temperature control is implemented in the roadway test section to maintain a constant rock temperature. The adjustable air source input control module provides an air source that meets preset temperature, humidity, and flow rate for the simulated underground roadways and mining areas in complex ventilation roadways and mining areas of deep metal mines. The pollutant stable release module simulates the preset concentration release of dust, blasting fumes, and multi-component pollutant gases during deep mining operations. The particle image velocity measurement module is used to realize the fluid dynamics measurement of multi-phase and multi-component airflow in the simulated roadway test section and mining area. The intelligent ventilation control module is used to realize the monitoring and calculation of multi-element airflow information in the simulated roadway and mining area, as well as the automatic control of ventilation facilities.

[0007] Preferably, the complex ventilation roadway and stope structure of the deep metal mine includes multiple ventilation shafts, roadways, and different forms of stope ventilation networks; the roadway length and cross-sectional dimensions meet the geometric similarity conditions with the actual roadway structure, and the ventilation roadway and stope surface adopt a curved convex structure to simulate the rough wall surface of the actual underground mine.

[0008] Preferably, the complex ventilation roadway in the deep metal mine includes three layers of parallel horizontal roadways, used to simulate the rock drilling, transportation and mining processes in actual engineering.

[0009] Preferably, the deep metal mine ventilation roadway and stope structure adopts a central diagonal ventilation system, consisting of one intake shaft and two return shafts. The intake shaft is located at the center of the complex ventilation roadway and stope structure, while the return shafts are arranged at both ends on the outer side. A parallel double-lane ventilation network and an inclined stope space are arranged on the right side of the intake shaft. Nine vertical single-ended roadways are arranged in three layers of horizontal roadways on the left side of the intake shaft to simulate ventilation of the underground tunneling face, and installation interfaces are provided for replacing different types of stope ventilation networks. An alternating up and down ventilation network is installed in the vertical roadway direction on the left side of the horizontal roadways.

[0010] Preferably, the controllable rock temperature tunnel constant temperature control module includes a tunnel heat conduction inner wall layer, an intermediate electric heating layer, an outer insulation layer, and a temperature control server, used to heat and control the simulated tunnel wall surface, providing the main underground heat source for the simulation system; the tunnel heat conduction inner wall layer is a rough inner wall made of polycarbonate material of the same material as the tunnel, the rough inner wall is in the form of an alternating array of spherical protrusions, each spherical protrusion is equipped with a thermocouple attached to the wall surface; the outer insulation layer is made of transparent aerogel thermal insulation material; the intermediate electric heating layer is made of carbon fiber heating tubes; the carbon fiber heating tubes are arranged between the heat conduction inner wall layer and the outer insulation layer made of aerogel thermal insulation material; the temperature control server receives the temperature signal collected by the wall thermocouples, determines whether the preset wall temperature of the system has been reached, and then controls the heating time and power of the carbon fiber heating tubes.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustable air source input control module includes a variable frequency fan, a heat exchanger, a humidifier, a flow controller, and an air source control server, used to preprocess the airflow input to the simulated roadway and mining area, so that the airflow can reach the preset temperature, humidity, and flow rate before entering the roadway and mining area; the air source control server presets the airflow rate and temperature and humidity required for the test, and is connected to the variable frequency fan, heat exchanger, humidifier, and flow controller to realize the control of the variable frequency fan, heat exchanger, humidifier, and flow controller.

[0012] Preferably, the pollutant stable release module includes a dust releaser, a multi-component gas releaser, a dust concentration sensor, and a pollutant concentration sensor, used to release a stable target concentration of particles and multi-component gases into the ventilation simulation roadway and mining area, serving as a source of dust, blasting fumes, and pollutant gas release during construction operations; the dust releaser and the multi-component gas releaser release dust and multi-component inert gases with similar properties to toxic gases respectively in the pollutant stable release simulation area of ​​the simulated roadway; the dust concentration sensor and the pollutant concentration sensor monitor the dust concentration and pollutant concentration information in the area respectively, and transmit the data signals to the intelligent ventilation control module.

[0013] Preferably, the multiphase and multicomponent airflow particle image velocimetry module includes a particle emitter, a PIV light source dual-pulse laser, a CCD cross-frame camera, and a PC with built-in flow field post-processing software. The particle emitter disperses tracer particles with strong airflow following properties in the simulated roadway test section or mining area. The PIV light source dual-pulse laser is arranged at the upper part of the test section roadway, illuminating the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow field in the test section by emitting dual-pulse lasers. The CCD cross-frame camera is arranged in an area perpendicular to the incident direction of the dual-pulse laser, so that it can capture the normal surface of the illuminated test roadway with the widest angle and transmit it to the PC. The PC has built-in PIV flow field post-processing software, which uses cross-correlation analysis to analyze and process the images captured by the CCD cross-frame camera to obtain particle images and visualized flow field information images, and outputs the flow field velocity distribution data of the multiphase and multicomponent airflow.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent ventilation control module includes a central controller, a PLC controller, an airflow information monitoring and control submodule, and intelligent ventilation facilities, which are used to adjust the air volume, air temperature, humidity, and pollutant concentration at various locations in the simulated tunnel as needed, so as to realize intelligent and energy-saving ventilation control;

[0015] The central controller is used to preset the airflow rate, temperature and humidity, simulated rock temperature, and stable release concentration of dust and multi-component pollutant gases in the simulated roadway. The central controller has multiple display areas and can output and display the airflow temperature, humidity, flow rate, velocity and pollutant concentration monitoring data in the ventilation roadway and mining area structure of deep metal mines. It can also display the working status of each ventilation facility in real time and present the ventilation flow distribution cloud map and vector map obtained by the multiphase multi-component airflow particle image velocity measurement module in a three-dimensional way.

[0016] The airflow information monitoring and control submodule includes wind speed sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, dust concentration sensors, and multi-component pollutant gas sensors installed in the roadway and working face. Each sensor transmits the collected data information to the PLC controller.

[0017] The PLC controller is equipped with a closed-loop control system, which uses the multi-dimensional ventilation information of the working face collected by the sensors of the airflow information monitoring submodule as the feedback signal of the closed loop, and controls the intelligent ventilation facilities according to the preset target value of the central controller and the actual sampling value of each sensor.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The ultra-large three-dimensional intelligent ventilation simulation system for deep metal mines provided by the present invention fully considers the complex structure of the ventilation system of deep metal mines, including tunneling roadways and different forms of mining ventilation networks. Different ventilation methods can be tested through the detachable and replaceable ventilation network structure. On this basis, a high degree of simulation of the surrounding rock of the complex ventilation system of deep mines is achieved through the roadway constant temperature control module with controllable rock temperature and the rough wall structure of the roadway.

[0019] Meanwhile, the simulation system of the present invention includes a multiphase and multicomponent ventilation flow state testing module and an intelligent ventilation control module, which can realize the monitoring and calculation of airflow information in complex ventilation systems and the intelligent control of ventilation facilities. It will provide a comprehensive test platform for the development of algorithms and software for on-demand ventilation automatic control and intelligent air quality regulation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A process diagram of an ultra-large three-dimensional intelligent ventilation simulation system for deep metal mines, provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The following is an engineering drawing of a complex ventilation roadway and mining area structure in a deep metal mine, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is an axonometric view; (b) is a top view; (c) is a left view; and (d) is a front view.

[0022] Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the controllable rock temperature tunnel constant temperature control module provided in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tunnel and (b) is a two-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of the tunnel.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the intelligent ventilation control module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Intake shaft; 2. Return air shaft #1; 3. Return air shaft #2; 4. Variable frequency fan; 5. Refrigeration unit; 6. Demountable stope area; 7. Single-ended roadway; 8. Fixed stope; 9. Automatic air door; 10. Temperature and humidity sensor; 11. Dust concentration sensor; 12. Pollutant gas sensor; 13. PIV laser pulse generator; 14. CCD camera; 15. Local fan; 16. Parallel dual-lane ventilation network; 17. Central controller; 18. External insulation layer; 19. Heat conduction inner wall layer; 20. Thermocouple; 21. Rough inner wall protrusions; 22. Carbon fiber heating tube; 23. Temperature control server; 24. Wind speed sensor; 25. Heat exchanger; 26. Humidifier; 27. Flow controller; 28. Multi-component gas release device; 29. ​​Dust release device; 30. Upward and downward intermittent ventilation network. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] In this embodiment, an ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mine intelligent ventilation simulation system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure simulation module, a roadway constant temperature control module with controllable rock temperature, an adjustable air source input control module, a pollutant stable release module, a multiphase and multicomponent airflow particle image velocity measurement module, and an intelligent ventilation control module. The deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure module is used to simulate underground roadways, stopes, and tunneling faces in deep metal mines, and sets up a simulated airflow fluid domain. The roadway constant temperature control module simulates the preset rock temperature of the roadway and regulates the temperature of the simulated roadway test section to maintain a constant rock temperature. The adjustable air source input module... The control module provides an air source that meets preset temperature, humidity, and flow rates for simulating complex ventilation roadways and stopes in deep metal mines. The pollutant stable release module simulates the preset concentration release of dust, blasting fumes, and multi-component pollutant gases during deep mining operations. The particle image velocimetry module performs fluid dynamics measurements of multiphase, multi-component airflow in the simulated roadway test section and stope. The intelligent ventilation control module monitors and calculates multi-element airflow information within the simulated roadways and stopes, and automatically controls ventilation facilities to achieve on-demand ventilation and reduce system energy consumption. This simulation system is complete and comprehensive, providing a more systematic and integrated simulation testing method for intelligent ventilation in deep metal mines.

[0027] In this embodiment, the complex ventilation roadways and stope structure in deep metal mines, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes multiple ventilation shafts, roadways, and different types of mining area ventilation networks; the roadway length and cross-sectional dimensions meet the geometric similarity conditions with the actual roadway structure, and the ventilation roadways and mining area surfaces adopt curved convex structures to simulate the rough underground walls of actual mines.

[0028] In this embodiment, the ventilation roadway and mining area structure of the deep metal mine has a length of 26m × width of 10m × height of 6m, including three parallel horizontal roadways, which are used to simulate the rock drilling, transportation and mining processes in actual engineering.

[0029] A central diagonal ventilation system is adopted, consisting of one intake shaft 1 and two return shafts 2 and 3. The intake shaft 1 is located at the center of the complex ventilation roadway and the inner side of the stope structure, while the return shafts are located at both ends on the outer side. To the right of the intake shaft 1, a parallel double-lane ventilation network 16 (3.5m long × 2m wide × 5m high) and an inclined stope space 8 (3.5m long × 0.7m thick × 5m high, with an inclination angle of 75°) are installed. To the left of the intake shaft, nine vertically connected single-ended roadways 7 are arranged in three layers of horizontal roadways. These can be used to simulate ventilation in underground tunneling faces. The nine single-ended roadways have pre-installed interfaces to accommodate different types of stope ventilation networks, forming a detachable stope area 6. To the left of the horizontal roadways, an alternating up-and-down ventilation network 30 (3.9m long × 2m wide × 5m high) is installed in the vertical direction.

[0030] The actual underground surrounding rock temperature is controlled by the combined effects of the temperature field of the rock mass in the heat-regulating zone and airflow. While the dynamic airflow exchanges heat with the surrounding rock wall, the deep rock mass continuously transfers heat to the tunnel wall, thus maintaining the actual underground wall temperature at approximately a specific equilibrium temperature. To achieve constant temperature control of the tunnel and stope walls, a tunnel constant temperature control module with controllable rock temperature is available, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the system includes a heat conduction inner wall layer 19, an intermediate electric heating layer, an outer insulation layer 18, and a temperature control server 23, which are used to heat and control the simulated tunnel wall, providing the main underground heat source for the simulation system. The actual underground tunnel wall is uneven, and using a smooth surface to simulate the underground airflow would cause a large airflow resistance error. The heat conduction inner wall layer 19 is a rough inner wall made of polycarbonate material of the same material as the tunnel. The rough inner wall is in the form of staggered array of spherical protrusions 21, and each spherical protrusion is equipped with a thermocouple 20 that fits the wall surface. In this embodiment, the spacing between the curved protrusions is equivalent to the diameter of the bottom circle of the curved surface. To minimize the thickness of the insulation layer while achieving good thermal insulation performance, the outer insulation layer 18 is made of transparent aerogel insulation material; the intermediate electric heating layer is made of carbon fiber heating tubes 22; the carbon fiber heating tubes 22 are arranged between the heat-conducting inner wall layer 19 and the outer insulation layer 18 made of aerogel insulation material; the temperature control server 23 receives the temperature signal collected by the wall thermocouple 20, determines whether the preset wall temperature has been reached, and then controls the heating time and power of the carbon fiber heating tubes 22. In this embodiment, the preset tunnel wall temperature control range is -20-80℃, and the temperature control accuracy is ±0.5℃.

[0031] The adjustable air source input control module includes a variable frequency fan 4, a heat exchanger 25, a humidifier 26, a flow controller 27, and an air source control server. It is used to preprocess the airflow input to the simulated roadway and mining area, ensuring that the airflow reaches the preset temperature, humidity, and flow rate before entering the roadway and mining area. The air source control server presets the required airflow rate, temperature, and humidity for the experiment and connects to the variable frequency fan, heat exchanger, humidifier, and flow controller to control them. In this embodiment, to achieve stable air source input control, the required airflow rate, temperature, and humidity are preset on the air source control server according to the experimental requirements. The working efficiency of the variable frequency fan 4 is adjusted to output a stable airflow rate, which is then synchronously transmitted to the heat exchanger and humidifier. The air source control server precisely regulates the heat exchange and humidification processes by preset temperature and humidity to ensure that the output airflow meets the required temperature and humidity conditions for the experiment. The airflow then enters the intake shaft via a flow controller. The flow controller displays the airflow rate and feeds the signal back to the air source control server, which compares it with the preset test airflow rate. If the airflow rate is greater or less than the required test flow rate, the air source control server adjusts the airflow rate by increasing or decreasing the efficiency of the variable frequency fan 4 until the requirements are met. Once the airflow rate and temperature / humidity in the complex ventilation tunnels and mining structures of deep metal mines stabilize, the test can be conducted. The adjustable air source input control module has an airflow temperature control range of -20-50℃ with a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5℃; and an airflow humidity control range of 0-100% with an airflow humidity control accuracy of ±1%.

[0032] The pollutant stable release module includes a dust releaser 29, a multi-component gas releaser 28, a dust concentration sensor 11, and a pollutant concentration sensor 12. It is used to release stable target concentration particles and multi-component gases in the ventilation simulation roadway and mining area, so as to serve as the source of dust, blasting fumes and pollutant gas release during construction operations.

[0033] In this embodiment, the specific workflow of the pollutant stable release submodule is as follows: the dust releaser and the multi-component gas releaser release dust and a multi-component inert gas with similar physical properties to the toxic gas, respectively, in the simulated area (to ensure experimental safety, an inert gas with similar physical properties is used instead of a toxic gas for testing). The dust concentration sensor 11 and the pollutant concentration sensor 12 monitor the dust concentration and pollutant concentration information within the area, respectively, and transmit the data signals to the intelligent ventilation control module. The dust release concentration range is 0-100 mg / m³. 3 The control accuracy is ±1%.

[0034] The multiphase, multi-component airflow particle image velocimetry module includes a particle emitter, a PIV light source dual-pulse laser 13, a CCD cross-frame camera 14, and a PC with built-in flow field post-processing software. This module indirectly measures the transient velocity distribution of the ventilation flow field by releasing tracer particles with strong airflow following properties in the test section roadway or mining area, and obtaining the displacement of the tracer particles within a known very short time interval through high-speed imaging. The motion of the tracer particles reflects the motion state of the multiphase airflow.

[0035] A particle emitter disperses tracer particles with strong airflow following properties in the simulated roadway test section or stope. A PIV source dual-pulse laser 13 is positioned at the upper part of the test section roadway, illuminating the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow field in the test section by emitting dual-pulse laser light. A CCD cross-frame camera 14 is positioned perpendicular to the incident direction of the dual-pulse laser, enabling it to capture the normal surface of the illuminated test roadway at its widest angle and transmit the data to a PC. The particle emitter disperses tracer particles with strong airflow following properties in the test section roadway or stope. After a period of time, these particles are fully mixed with the air, and then the PIV source dual-pulse laser 13 illuminates the flow field test area from top to bottom. At this time, the CCD cross-frame camera 14 is activated, rapidly capturing multiple sets of dynamic trajectory information of fluid particles in its vertical direction. The PC has built-in PIV flow field post-processing software, which uses cross-correlation analysis to analyze and process the images captured by the CCD cross-frame camera to obtain particle images and visualized flow field information, outputting multi-phase, multi-component airflow velocity distribution data.

[0036] In this embodiment, the intelligent ventilation control module, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes a central controller 17, a PLC controller, an airflow information monitoring and control submodule, and intelligent ventilation facilities, which are used to adjust the air volume, air temperature, humidity, and pollutant concentration at various locations in the simulated tunnel as needed, so as to realize intelligent and energy-saving ventilation control.

[0037] The central controller is the main intelligent ventilation control facility, used to preset the airflow rate, temperature and humidity, simulated rock temperature, and stable release concentration of dust and multi-component pollutant gases in the simulated roadway. The central controller has multiple display areas and can output and display the airflow temperature, humidity, flow rate, velocity and pollutant concentration monitoring data in the ventilation roadway and mining area of ​​deep metal mines. It can also display the working status of each ventilation facility in real time and present the ventilation flow distribution cloud map and vector map obtained by the multiphase multi-component airflow particle image velocity measurement module in a three-dimensional way.

[0038] The airflow information monitoring and control submodule includes temperature and humidity sensors 10, dust concentration sensors 11, multi-component pollutant gas sensors 12, and wind speed sensors 24 installed in the roadway and working face. Each sensor transmits the collected data information to the PLC controller.

[0039] The PLC controller is equipped with a closed-loop control system. It uses multi-dimensional ventilation information collected from various sensors in the airflow information monitoring submodule as feedback signals for the closed loop. The system controls the intelligent ventilation system based on the preset target value of the central controller and the actual sampled values ​​of each sensor. In this embodiment, the intelligent ventilation system includes a variable frequency fan 4, a local fan 15, a chiller 5, automatic air windows, and automatic dampers 9.

[0040] In this embodiment, after completing one ventilation control cycle, the PLC controller recalibrates the multi-dimensional airflow information fed back by sensors at various locations in the ventilation system. When the residual at a certain point in the ventilation system exceeds the preset convergence standard, the next ventilation control cycle is initiated, executing on-demand ventilation until the preset air quality standard is reached at a certain point. In this embodiment, the intelligent ventilation control module's airflow temperature control standard is below 27℃, with a control accuracy of ±0.5℃; the dust concentration control standard is below 0.5mg / m3, with a control accuracy of ±5%; the CO concentration control standard is below 0.0024%; the NO2 concentration control standard is below 0.0025%; the SO2 concentration control standard is below 0.0005%; and the H2S concentration control standard is below 0.00066%. The intelligent ventilation control module enables intelligent and energy-saving ventilation control in the deep metal mine intelligent ventilation simulation system.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-large three-dimensional intelligent ventilation simulation system for deep metal mines, characterized in that: The system includes a deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure simulation module, a roadway constant temperature control module with controllable rock temperature, an adjustable air source input control module, a pollutant stable release module, a multiphase and multicomponent airflow particle image velocity measurement module, and an intelligent ventilation control module. The deep metal mine complex ventilation roadway and stope structure module is used to simulate underground roadways, stopes, and tunneling faces in deep metal mines, and sets up a simulated airflow fluid domain. The roadway constant temperature control module is used to simulate a preset rock temperature in the roadway and to regulate the temperature of the simulated roadway test section to maintain a constant rock temperature. The adjustable air source input control module is used to provide an air source that meets preset temperature, humidity, and flow rate for the underground roadways and mining areas in the simulation of complex ventilation roadways and mining area structures in deep metal mines; the pollutant stable release module is used to simulate the preset concentration release of dust, blasting fumes, and multi-component pollutant gases in deep mining operations; the particle image velocity measurement module is used to realize the fluid dynamics measurement of multi-phase and multi-component airflow in the simulated roadway test section and mining area; the intelligent ventilation control module is used to realize the monitoring and calculation of multi-element airflow information in the simulated roadways and mining areas, as well as the automatic control of ventilation facilities. The controllable rock temperature tunnel constant temperature control module includes a tunnel heat conduction inner wall layer, an intermediate electric heating layer, an outer insulation layer, and a temperature control server. It is used to heat and maintain the constant temperature of the simulated tunnel wall, providing the main underground heat source for the simulation system. The tunnel heat conduction inner wall layer is a rough inner wall made of polycarbonate material of the same material as the tunnel. The rough inner wall is in the form of an alternating array of spherical protrusions, with each spherical protrusion equipped with a thermocouple attached to the wall surface. The outer insulation layer is made of transparent aerogel insulation material. The intermediate electric heating layer is made of carbon fiber heating tubes. The carbon fiber heating tubes are arranged between the heat conduction inner wall layer and the outer insulation layer made of aerogel insulation material. The temperature control server receives temperature signals collected by the wall thermocouples, determines whether the preset wall temperature has been reached, and then controls the heating time and power of the carbon fiber heating tube.

2. The intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex ventilation roadways and mining area structures in the deep metal mine include multiple ventilation shafts, roadways, and different types of mining area ventilation networks; the roadway length and cross-sectional dimensions meet the geometric similarity conditions with the actual roadway structure, and the ventilation roadways and mining area surfaces adopt curved convex structures to simulate the rough underground walls of the actual mine.

3. The intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The complex ventilation tunnels in the deep metal mine consist of three parallel horizontal tunnels, used to simulate the rock drilling, transportation, and mining processes in actual engineering.

4. The intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deep metal mine ventilation roadways and stope structure adopt a central diagonal ventilation system, consisting of one intake shaft and two return shafts. The intake shaft is located at the center of the complex ventilation roadway and stope structure, while the return shafts are located at both ends on the outer side. To the right of the intake shaft, a parallel double-lane ventilation network and an inclined stope space are arranged. To the left of the intake shaft, nine vertical three-layer horizontal roadways are arranged with cross-cutting single-ended roadways to simulate ventilation of the underground tunneling face, and installation interfaces are provided for replacing different types of stope ventilation networks. To the left of the horizontal roadways, an alternating up-and-down ventilation network is installed in the vertical roadway direction.

5. The intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable air source input control module includes a variable frequency fan, a heat exchanger, a humidifier, a flow controller, and an air source control server. It is used to preprocess the airflow input to the simulated roadway and mining area, so that the airflow can reach the preset temperature, humidity, and flow rate before entering the roadway and mining area. The air source control server presets the required airflow rate, temperature, and humidity for the test, and is connected to the variable frequency fan, heat exchanger, humidifier, and flow controller to realize the control of the variable frequency fan, heat exchanger, humidifier, and flow controller.

6. The intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pollutant stable release module includes a dust releaser, a multi-component gas releaser, a dust concentration sensor, and a pollutant concentration sensor. It is used to release a stable target concentration of particles and multi-component gases in the simulated ventilation roadway and mining area, serving as a source of dust, blasting fumes, and pollutant gas release during construction operations. The dust releaser and the multi-component gas releaser release dust and multi-component inert gases with similar properties to toxic gases in the simulated pollutant stable release area of ​​the simulated roadway, respectively. The dust concentration sensor and the pollutant concentration sensor monitor the dust concentration and pollutant concentration information in the area, respectively, and transmit the data signals to the intelligent ventilation control module.

7. The intelligent ventilation simulation system for ultra-large three-dimensional deep metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiphase, multi-component airflow particle image velocimetry module includes a particle emitter, a PIV (Picture-Induced Vulcanizing) dual-pulse laser, a CCD (Computer-Aided Frame) camera, and a PC with built-in flow field post-processing software. The particle emitter disperses tracer particles with strong airflow following properties in the simulated roadway test section or mining area. The PIV dual-pulse laser is positioned above the test section roadway, illuminating the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow field by emitting dual-pulse lasers. The CCD cross-frame camera is positioned perpendicular to the incident direction of the dual-pulse laser, enabling it to capture the normal surface of the illuminated test roadway with a maximum wide-angle shot and transmit the data to the PC. The PC has built-in PIV flow field post-processing software that uses cross-correlation analysis to analyze and process the images captured by the CCD cross-frame camera to obtain particle images and visualized flow field information, outputting multiphase, multi-component airflow velocity distribution data.

8. A super-large three-dimensional deep metal mine intelligent ventilation simulation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The intelligent ventilation control module includes a central controller, a PLC controller, an airflow information monitoring and control submodule, and intelligent ventilation facilities. It is used to adjust the air volume, air temperature, humidity, and pollutant concentration at various locations in the simulated tunnel as needed, so as to realize intelligent and energy-saving ventilation control. The central controller is used to preset the airflow rate, temperature and humidity, simulated rock temperature, and stable release concentration of dust and multi-component pollutant gases in the simulated roadway. The central controller has multiple display areas and can output and display the airflow temperature, humidity, flow rate, velocity and pollutant concentration monitoring data in the ventilation roadway and mining area structure of deep metal mines. It can also display the working status of each ventilation facility in real time and present the ventilation flow distribution cloud map and vector map obtained by the multiphase multi-component airflow particle image velocity measurement module in a three-dimensional way. The airflow information monitoring and control submodule includes wind speed sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, dust concentration sensors, and multi-component pollutant gas sensors installed in the roadway and working face. Each sensor transmits the collected data information to the PLC controller. The PLC controller is equipped with a closed-loop control system, which uses the multi-dimensional ventilation information of the working face collected by the sensors of the airflow information monitoring submodule as the feedback signal of the closed loop, and controls the intelligent ventilation facilities according to the preset target value of the central controller and the actual sampling value of each sensor.

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