A dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of microwave communication technology, and specifically relates to a dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function. The present invention is composed of an orthogonal combination of two linearly polarized antennas with the same structure. A microstrip differential feeder is designed at the bottom of a dielectric substrate and is connected to a dipole structure designed on the virtual ground of the dielectric resonator through metal through-holes and pads. The radiating structure consists of three parts: a dipole, a dielectric resonator, and a dielectric patch resonator placed on top of the dielectric resonator. The resonant modes of these three radiators correspond to the following within the antenna operating frequency band: the 1 / 2 wavelength resonance of the dipole, the #imgabs0# mode of the dielectric resonator, and the #imgabs1# mode of the dielectric patch resonator. At the low-frequency radiation zero point, the dipole circuit structure on the virtual ground introduces a radiation zero point; at the high-frequency radiation zero point, the electric field generated by the dipole structure offsets the #imgabs2# mode of the dielectric patch resonator, introducing a radiation zero point, thereby realizing the function of a simple filtering antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microwave communications, and in particular relates to a dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with a filtering function. Background Art

[0002] Dielectric resonators have many advantages, such as low loss, small size, high radiation efficiency, and flexible design, and are widely used in the design of RF circuit devices. Filter antennas break away from the traditional design method of cascading filters and antennas, integrating filtering and radiation functions into a single device. This improves the antenna's signal selectivity and interference suppression capabilities without affecting its radiation characteristics, while also reducing size and insertion loss. Dual-polarized antennas can transmit two mutually orthogonal, non-interfering electromagnetic wave signals, thereby increasing channel capacity, improving the spectrum efficiency of communication links, and improving multipath fading. They are widely used in base stations, satellite communications, and other fields. Dipole antennas have the advantages of small size, low cost, and light weight, and are widely used in the design of dual-polarized antennas. Compared with single-ended feeding, differential feeding schemes have the advantages of high linearity, common-mode rejection, and ease of integration.

[0003] Existing dual-polarized antennas primarily utilize magnetoelectric dipoles and patch antennas, but these generally suffer from limitations such as large size and high profile. The few available dual-polarized antennas based on dielectric resonators either utilize traditional methods of filter and antenna cascade to achieve filtering, resulting in large size and high insertion loss. Alternatively, single-ended feeding requires additional methods to optimize port isolation, increasing the complexity of antenna design. Currently, there are no reports on dual-polarized dielectric resonator antennas that combine differential feeding and filtering. Therefore, proposing a dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering capabilities is of great value and significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues with the existing technology, the present invention proposes a dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering capabilities. This invention utilizes a dipole design on the virtual ground of the dielectric resonator to serve as both a radiator and a feed structure. The electric field between the dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator is offset to form a radiation null. Furthermore, dielectric stacking technology is employed to increase bandwidth and matching performance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function, comprising a dielectric substrate; a top metal layer is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; a first circular groove and a second circular groove are provided on the top metal layer; a first top metal pad and a second top metal pad are provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the first top metal pad is provided in the first circular groove; the second top metal pad is provided in the second circular groove; a first bottom metal strip and a second bottom metal strip are provided on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; a rectangular dielectric resonator is provided on the top metal layer; a dielectric patch resonator is provided on the rectangular dielectric resonator; a first metal strip is provided on a first symmetrical plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator; a second metal strip is provided on a second symmetrical plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator; and a bottom surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator is provided. A first metal pad and a second metal pad are provided; a first metal through-hole and a second metal through-hole are provided through the dielectric substrate; the first metal pad is connected to the first bottom metal strip through the first metal through-hole; the second metal pad is connected to the second bottom metal strip through the second metal through-hole; the first bottom metal strip, the first metal through-hole, the second top metal pad, the first metal pad, the first metal strip, the rectangular dielectric resonator, and the dielectric patch resonator constitute one single-polarized antenna structure of the dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna; the second bottom metal strip, the second metal through-hole, the first top metal pad, the second metal pad, the second metal strip, the rectangular dielectric resonator, and the dielectric patch resonator constitute another single-polarized antenna structure of the dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna.

[0007] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first symmetrical plane and the second symmetrical plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator are both differentially fed virtual grounds.

[0008] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first bottom metal strip and the first metal strip, and the second bottom metal strip and the second metal strip are combined with different widths to form a step impedance form or a ladder form.

[0009] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first metal strip constitutes the feeder end and two 1 / 2 wavelength resonant arms of the dipole; the second metal strip constitutes the feeder end and two 1 / 2 wavelength resonant arms of the dipole.

[0010] Further as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first circular groove, the first top metal pad, and the second metal pad are concentric; the second circular groove, the second top metal pad, and the first metal pad are concentric.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first bottom metal strip and the second bottom metal strip serve as input ends of the antenna respectively.

[0012] The dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function described in the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0013] (1) In the structure of a dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function described in the present invention, the dipole structure serves as both a radiator and a feeder. The radiation zero point is introduced by offsetting the radiation fields of the dipole structure itself and the dipole and dielectric resonator, thereby realizing the filtering antenna function with a simple structure.

[0014] (2) The present invention utilizes differential feeding to achieve high port isolation without introducing additional structures, further simplifying the antenna structure.

[0015] (3) The present invention loads a dielectric patch resonator with a higher dielectric constant on the top of the dielectric resonator to reduce the overall passband frequency and reduce the size of the device; fully utilizes the design space of the dielectric resonator, designs dipoles on two orthogonal virtual grounds of the dielectric resonator, and realizes dual polarization.

[0016] (4) The present invention has the characteristics of small size, simple structure, excellent performance and high integration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural stereogram of a dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dipole of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is the main mode electric field distribution diagram of the dielectric resonator of the present invention

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the pad structure at the bottom of the dielectric resonator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the metal layer and pad structure on the upper surface of the substrate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the microstrip feeder structure on the lower surface of the substrate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the reflection coefficients at the two ports of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of the transmission coefficient between the two ports of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of the in-band gain curve of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the in-band radiation efficiency of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the present invention at 3.2 GHz;

[0028] Figure 12 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the present invention at 3.5 GHz;

[0029] Figure 13 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the present invention at 3.9 GHz;

[0030] In the accompanying drawings, 1. dielectric substrate; 11. top metal layer; 12. first bottom metal strip; 13. second bottom metal strip; 111. first circular groove; 112. first top metal pad; 113. second circular groove; 114. second top metal pad; 2. rectangular dielectric resonator; 21. dielectric patch resonator; 22. first metal strip; 23. second metal strip; 24. second metal pad; 25. first metal pad; 3. first metal through hole; 4. second metal through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can have a deeper understanding of the present invention and be able to implement it. However, the following reference examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function includes a dielectric substrate 1; a top metal layer 11 is provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1; a first circular groove 111 and a second circular groove 113 are provided on the top metal layer 11; a first top metal pad 112 and a second top metal pad 114 are provided on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1; the first top metal pad 112 is provided in the first circular groove 111; the second top metal pad 114 is provided in the second circular groove 113; a first bottom metal strip 12 and a second bottom metal strip 13 are provided on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1; a rectangular dielectric resonator 2 is provided on the top metal layer 11; a dielectric patch resonator 21 is provided on the rectangular dielectric resonator 2; a first metal strip 22 is provided on a first symmetrical plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator 2; a second metal strip 23 is provided on a second symmetrical plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator 2; and a bottom metal strip 23 is provided on the lower surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator 2. A first metal pad 25 and a second metal pad 24 are provided; a first metal through-hole 3 and a second metal through-hole 4 are provided through the dielectric substrate 1; the first metal pad 25 is connected to the first bottom metal strip 12 through the first metal through-hole 3; the second metal pad 24 is connected to the second bottom metal strip 13 through the second metal through-hole 4; the first bottom metal strip 12, the first metal through-hole 3, the second top metal pad 114, the first metal pad 25, the first metal strip 22, the rectangular dielectric resonator 2, and the dielectric patch resonator 21 constitute one single-polarized antenna structure of the dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna; the second bottom metal strip 13, the second metal through-hole 4, the first top metal pad 112, the second metal pad 24, the second metal strip 23, the rectangular dielectric resonator 2, and the dielectric patch resonator 21 constitute another single-polarized antenna structure of the dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna.

[0033] The first symmetrical plane and the second symmetrical plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator 2 are both differentially fed virtual grounds.

[0034] The first bottom metal strip 12 and the first metal strip 22 , and the second bottom metal strip 13 and the second metal strip 23 are combined with different widths to form a step impedance form or a ladder form.

[0035] The first metal strip 22 constitutes the feed end and two 1 / 2 wavelength resonant arms of the dipole; the second metal strip 23 constitutes the feed end and two 1 / 2 wavelength resonant arms of the dipole.

[0036] The first circular groove 111 , the first top metal pad 112 , and the second metal pad 24 are concentric; the second circular groove 113 , the second top metal pad 114 , and the first metal pad 25 are concentric.

[0037] The first bottom metal strip 12 and the second bottom metal strip 13 serve as input ends of the antenna respectively.

[0038] For specific implementation, see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering capabilities according to the present invention, composed of two linearly polarized antennas with identical structures, arranged orthogonally. Regarding the linearly polarized antenna portion on the first symmetrical plane of the rectangular dielectric resonator 2 (the virtual ground plane of the main TE11δ mode), a pair of differential microstrip feeds, namely the first bottom metal strip 12, provide energy of equal magnitude but 180° out of phase. The top metal layer 11 serves as the antenna reflector. A metal via 3, namely the first metal via 3, designed within the dielectric substrate 1, a second top metal pad 114, designed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a first metal pad 25, designed on the bottom surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator 2, connect the microstrip feed on the bottom surface of the substrate to the dipole structure, namely the first metal strip 22, designed on the first symmetrical plane of the rectangular dielectric resonator 2. The rectangular dielectric resonator 2 has dimensions a × a × h, a relative permittivity of 5.7, and a dielectric loss of 0.0008. The dielectric constant of the dielectric patch resonator 21 is 108, and the dielectric loss is 0.0007.

[0039] The dipole structure acts as a radiator to provide the first resonance point, and the dipole acts as a feeder to couple the excitation in the dielectric resonator. model, mode, forming the second and third resonance points. The electric field on the dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator The modes cancel each other out to produce radiation zeros at low frequencies, and the dielectric resonator The modes cancel each other out, creating a radiation null at high frequencies. While optimizing the matching, the dielectric patch resonator lowers the overall passband frequency and reduces the size of the device.

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention optimizes the size of each part, and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Parameters and dimensions

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, simulation results show that the 10 dB operating frequency band of the dual-polarized antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention covers 3.16 GHz to 3.96 GHz, and the impedance bandwidth is 21.8%. Figure 8 Display port isolation is as high as -59dB or less. Figure 9 The radiation gain curve shows that the in-band gain range is 6.0dBi-7.5dBi, with a radiation null at 2.66GHz and 4.26GHz at both the low-frequency and high-frequency ends respectively. Figure 10 The in-band radiation efficiency is shown to be above 90%. Figure 11 These are the E-plane and H-plane directivity patterns at 3.2GHz, with a maximum gain of 6.25dBi. Figure 12 These are the E-plane and H-plane directivity patterns at 3.5GHz, with a maximum gain of 6.82dBi. Figure 13 The E-plane and H-plane patterns at 3.9 GHz show a maximum gain of 7.48 dBi. Cross-polarization between the E-plane and H-plane is minimal, reaching below -45 dB. The high port isolation and minimal cross-polarization performance are both attributed to the differential feeding method.

[0045] The present invention proposes a dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function. The antenna is composed of two linearly polarized antennas with the same structure and orthogonally combined. The microstrip differential feeder is designed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate and is connected to the dipole structure designed on the virtual ground of the dielectric resonator through metal through-holes and pads. The radiation structure consists of three parts: dipole, dielectric resonator and dielectric patch resonator placed on the top of the dielectric resonator. The resonant modes of these three radiators correspond to the working frequency band of the antenna: 1 / 2 wavelength resonance of the dipole, mode, dielectric patch resonator At the low-frequency radiation zero point, the dipole circuit structure on the virtual ground introduces a radiation zero point; at the high-frequency radiation zero point, the electric field generated by the dipole structure and the dielectric patch resonator Mode cancellation introduces a radiation null, thereby achieving a simple filtering antenna structure. Differential feeding allows for high port isolation without the need for additional structures, further simplifying the antenna structure. A high-dielectric-constant dielectric patch resonator is loaded on top of the dielectric resonator, lowering the passband frequency and reducing the size of the device. By fully utilizing the dielectric resonator's design space and designing a dipole structure on two orthogonal virtual ground planes of the dielectric resonator, dual polarization is achieved. Compared to existing technologies, this invention boasts a compact size, simple structure, excellent performance, and high integration.

[0046] The specific implementation scheme described above further illustrates in detail the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above is only a specific implementation scheme of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any technician in this field without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function, comprising a dielectric substrate (1); characterized in that: The upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a top metal layer (11); the top metal layer (11) is provided with a first circular groove (111) and a second circular groove (113); the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first top metal pad (112) and a second top metal pad (114); the first top metal pad (112) is provided in the first circular groove (111); the second top metal pad (114) is provided in the second circular groove (113); the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first metal pad (112); the second metal pad (114) is provided in the second circular groove (113); A bottom metal strip (12) and a second bottom metal strip (13); a rectangular dielectric resonator (2) is arranged on the top metal layer (11); a dielectric patch resonator (21) is arranged on the rectangular dielectric resonator (2); a first metal strip (22) is arranged on a first symmetrical surface in the rectangular dielectric resonator (2); a second metal strip (23) is arranged on a second symmetrical surface in the rectangular dielectric resonator (2); a first metal pad (25) and a second metal pad (21) are arranged on the lower surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator (2). The second metal pad (24) is provided with a first metal through hole (3) and a second metal through hole (4) through the dielectric substrate (1); the first metal pad (25) is connected to the first bottom metal strip (12) through the first metal through hole (3); the second metal pad (24) is connected to the second bottom metal strip (13) through the second metal through hole (4); the first bottom metal strip (12), the first metal through hole (3), the second top metal pad (114), the first metal pad (25), the first metal strip (22), the rectangular dielectric resonator (2), and the dielectric patch resonator (21) constitute one single-polarized antenna structure of the dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna; the second bottom metal strip (13), the second metal through hole (4), the first top metal pad (112), the second metal pad (24), the second metal strip (23), the rectangular dielectric resonator (2), and the dielectric patch resonator (21) constitute another single-polarized antenna structure of the dual-polarized differential dielectric resonator antenna.

2. The dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first directional symmetry plane and the second directional symmetry plane in the rectangular dielectric resonator (2) are both differentially fed virtual grounds.

3. The dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bottom metal strip (12) and the first metal strip (22), and the second bottom metal strip (13) and the second metal strip (23) are combined with different widths to form a step impedance form or a ladder form.

4. The dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first metal strip (22) constitutes a feeder end and two 1 / 2 wavelength resonant arms of a dipole; the second metal strip (23) constitutes a feeder end and two 1 / 2 wavelength resonant arms of a dipole.

5. The dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first circular groove (111), the first top metal pad (112), and the second metal pad (24) are concentric; the second circular groove (113), the second top metal pad (114), and the first metal pad (25) are concentric.

6. The dual-polarization differential dielectric resonator antenna with filtering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bottom metal strip (12) and the second bottom metal strip (13) serve as input ends of the antenna respectively.

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