A reflector-based directional pattern reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a pattern reconfigurable medium resonant antenna based on reflection grooves, which comprises a medium resonator, a medium substrate, a metal ground, a feeding structure, a cross-shaped groove, two pairs of reflection grooves and a bias network; wherein the medium resonator, the metal ground, the medium substrate and the feeding structure are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the medium substrate, the feeding structure is printed on the lower surface of the medium substrate, and stable feeding is realized through a gap coupling mode; the cross-shaped groove and the two pairs of reflection grooves are both arranged on the metal ground, the cross-shaped groove is accurately arranged corresponding to the central region of the medium resonator, and the two pairs of reflection grooves are symmetrically arranged at the edge regions of the medium resonator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, the radiation characteristics of an antenna directly affect the communication quality and reliability of the system. With the increasing diversity of communication applications, such as the emergence of smart antenna systems, mobile terminals, and multi-point communication coverage requirements, antennas need to possess a certain degree of adjustability to adapt to application needs under different operating conditions. Therefore, pattern-reconfigurable antennas have gradually become a research and application hotspot.

[0003] Existing methods for implementing reconfigurable pattern antennas mainly include arranging parasitic structures near the radiating elements to change the field distribution, switching between different radiating apertures, changing the feed position, or exciting different modes to achieve pattern adjustment. While these methods can change the beam direction, they typically require the introduction of additional mechanical structures or complex RF switching networks, leading to an increase in the overall antenna size and placing higher demands on design and fabrication.

[0004] Dielectric resonant antennas, which utilize the resonant modes of the dielectric material as their primary radiation mechanism, offer advantages such as low natural loss, no surface wave loss, and ease of excitation, gradually becoming a new choice for reconfigurable pattern antenna design. A typical dielectric resonant pattern reconfigurable antenna comprises a dielectric resonator, a metal ground plane, a dielectric substrate, and a feeding structure. The metal ground plane is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, the feeding structure on the lower surface, and the dielectric resonator above the metal ground plane. This antenna reconfigures its radiation pattern by loading multiple controllable parasitic metal strips or parasitic dielectric elements around the dielectric resonator and utilizing the electromagnetic coupling between these parasitic elements and the main radiator to alter the current or field distribution around the antenna. Changing the state of the switching elements loaded on the parasitic elements alters the electromagnetic boundary conditions of the parasitic elements, thereby affecting the overall radiation direction of the antenna.

[0005] However, the existing solutions mentioned above have the following technical drawbacks: First, their parasitic structures are mostly located on the periphery of the dielectric resonator, directly occupying the lateral space of the antenna layout, resulting in a large overall antenna size, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and integration of the system; Second, since the coupling strength between the parasitic structure and the main radiating element is limited by their relative position and distance, the operating bandwidth of this solution is usually narrow, making it difficult to cover a wider communication band while maintaining good impedance matching, thus limiting its application in broadband communication systems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dielectric resonator antenna that can achieve pattern switching through electronic control and possesses wideband characteristics while maintaining a compact structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to address the technical problems of existing pattern reconfigurable antennas, such as complex structure, large size, and limited bandwidth, by providing a pattern reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna with electrical tuning, compact structure, and wide bandwidth.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: a pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot, the device comprising: The components include a dielectric resonator, a dielectric substrate, a metal ground, a feed structure, a cross-shaped slot, two pairs of reflective slots, and a bias network.

[0008] The dielectric resonator, metal ground, dielectric substrate, and power supply structure are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the power supply structure is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. Stable power supply is achieved through slot coupling. The cross-shaped slot and two pairs of reflective slots are all opened on the metal ground. The cross-shaped slot is precisely positioned in the center area of ​​the dielectric resonator, and the two pairs of reflective slots are symmetrically arranged in the edge area of ​​the dielectric resonator.

[0009] Furthermore, the operating state of the cross-shaped slot is independently controlled by two sets of PIN diodes on the slot arm, PIN11, PIN12 and PIN21, PIN22; the operating state of the reflective slot is controlled by PIN diodes PIN31, PIN32, PIN41, PIN42 independently set at the center of each reflective slot, realizing independent and precise control of the electromagnetic characteristics of different slot paths; the core function of the bias network is to provide a stable DC bias for all PIN diodes, ensuring reliable switching of the switching state.

[0010] Furthermore, the dielectric resonator uses a ceramic dielectric, and the dielectric substrate printed with metal ground, feed structure, and bias network is a PCB board. The overall structure is formed by combining the ceramic dielectric and the PCB board, which is simple and easy to process and assemble. At the same time, the use of a high dielectric constant ceramic dielectric resonator can effectively reduce the overall size of the antenna, significantly improve space utilization efficiency, and adapt to the requirements of miniaturized integration scenarios.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows: This invention achieves effective reconstruction of the antenna radiation pattern by introducing an electrically adjustable slot structure into the dielectric resonator antenna structure and combining it with the modulation mechanism of the radiation field distribution by the reflector in a Yagi-like antenna. Without altering the main structure and fundamental resonant mode of the dielectric resonator, the equivalent electrical length and reflection characteristics of the reflective slot on the metallic ground plane are controlled to create a controllable asymmetry in the field distribution of the dielectric resonator antenna under different operating states, thereby achieving switching or deflection of the main radiation direction. This method avoids the problems of increased size, system complexity, and additional losses caused by traditional methods relying on multiple feed points, mechanical rotation, or complex array structures for directional adjustment.

[0012] Meanwhile, since the reflector structure and the cross-shaped coupling slot are arranged together within the metallic ground plane, their modulation process mainly affects the equivalent magnetic current and the current distribution on the ground plane surface, having a relatively small impact on the coupling relationship between the feed structure and the dielectric resonator. Therefore, while the radiation pattern is reconstructed, the antenna can still maintain good impedance matching characteristics within the target frequency band, effectively reducing return loss fluctuations under different operating conditions. This characteristic allows the antenna to maintain stable operating bandwidth and radiation efficiency when switching between multiple radiation pattern modes, improving the overall performance consistency and engineering usability of the system.

[0013] Furthermore, this invention employs an electronically controlled method to achieve pattern reconstruction, offering fast adjustment speed, flexible control, and easy integration with existing RF systems and bias networks, thus possessing high practical value. Its compact overall structure and simple manufacturing process make it suitable for planar, low-profile integration applications, meeting the antenna requirements of wireless communication systems for adjustable direction, stable performance, and high integration.

[0014] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of this invention after transformation are as follows: This invention proposes a broadband pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna. By introducing an electrically adjustable slot structure into the antenna structure and combining it with the working mechanism of a Yagi-like antenna reflector, the radiation direction can be adjusted. This technical solution has a clear structural form, is easy to implement, and can achieve electrically controlled adjustment of the radiation pattern over a wide frequency range. It is suitable for applications such as mobile communication systems, wireless access systems, and related radio frequency equipment, and has good engineering application value and promising prospects for widespread application.

[0015] (2) The technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical bias: In the prior art, achieving pattern reconfigurability usually requires arranging additional parasitic elements around the radiating structure or adopting a more complex structural form. The present invention achieves pattern control by introducing a specific slot structure in the metallic ground structure and combining it with the working mechanism of a Yagi-like antenna reflector, showing that pattern reconfigurability can also be achieved without relying on complex parasitic structures, thus providing a new technical approach for the design of related antenna structures. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 The image shows the simulation results of antenna return loss.

[0019] Figure 4 The image shows the simulation results of the antenna gain curve.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna's radiation direction. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector groove, the structural schematic of which is shown in the figure. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it specifically includes: a dielectric resonator 1, a metal ground 2, a dielectric substrate 3, a feeding structure 4, a cross-shaped slot 5, two pairs of reflective slots 6, and a bias network 7.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the dielectric resonator 1, the metal ground 2, the dielectric substrate 3, and the feeding structure 4 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The metal ground 2 is located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 3, and the feeding structure 4 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3. The cross-shaped slot 5 and the two pairs of reflective slots 6 are all formed on the metal ground 2. This structural layout provides the basis for realizing slot-coupled feeding and pattern control.

[0024] The proposed pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna based on a reflector slot achieves dynamic adjustment of the radiation pattern of the dielectric resonator through the synergistic effect of slot coupling excitation and a controllable reflection structure. During operation, the feed structure 4 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3. The electromagnetic energy generated by it first propagates in quasi-transmission line mode within the dielectric substrate and is coupled through a cross-shaped slot 5 formed on the metal ground 2. The cross-shaped slot 5 forms an equivalent magnetocurrent source in the metal ground, effectively coupling energy to the dielectric resonator 1 above, thereby exciting the dielectric resonator to operate in a predetermined resonant mode within the target frequency band, achieving stable radiation.

[0025] In both unbiased and symmetrically biased states, the cross-shaped slots 5 are symmetrically distributed, forming an approximately symmetrical electromagnetic field distribution inside the dielectric resonator 1, and its far-field radiation pattern exhibits symmetrical characteristics. Two pairs of reflective slots 6 are distributed around the cross-shaped slots 5, and their positions and orientations are optimized to generate directional perturbations to the surface current and slot coupling field within the metal ground plane. By controlling the active devices loaded in the reflective slots 6 through the bias network 7, the equivalent electrical length and electromagnetic response characteristics of the reflective slots can be changed, making them behave as "on" or "off" reflective units in different operating states.

[0026] When the bias network 7 changes the operating state of the reflector slot 6, the current distribution on the surface of the metal ground 2 changes asymmetrically, causing a reconstruction of the amplitude and phase of the equivalent magnetic current around the cross-shaped slot 5. This change further affects the internal field distribution of the dielectric resonator 1, adjusting the superposition relationship of its radiated energy in space, ultimately leading to a deflection or switching of the main radiation direction. Since the reflector slots 6 are arranged in pairs and can be controlled independently or in combination, switching between various radiation pattern states can be achieved.

[0027] This invention achieves reconfigurable control of the radiation pattern by utilizing the coupling and modulation relationship between the "feed structure - cross-shaped slot - reflector slot - dielectric resonator" while maintaining the overall compact structure of the antenna. This avoids the volume and loss problems caused by traditional mechanical rotation or complex multi-feed structure, and has the advantages of flexible directional control, simple structure and high integration.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the cross-shaped slot 5 is positioned at the center of the dielectric resonator 1, serving as the core radiating slot. Two pairs of reflective slots 6 are symmetrically distributed at the edges of the dielectric resonator 1, forming a switchable Yagi-like antenna reflection structure. In terms of control logic, the operating state of the cross-shaped slot 5 is independently controlled by two sets of PIN diodes (PIN11, PIN12 and PIN21, PIN22) on the slot arms. The operating state of the reflective slots 6 is controlled by PIN diodes (PIN31, PIN32, PIN41, PIN42) independently located at the center of each reflective slot, achieving independent and precise control of the electromagnetic characteristics of different slot paths. The core function of the bias network 7 is to provide a stable DC bias for all PIN diodes, ensuring reliable switching of the switching states.

[0029] This invention relates to a dielectric resonant antenna based on a slot-coupled feeding method. Its core working mechanism involves precisely controlling the on / off state of the PIN diodes on the antenna structure through a bias network 7, thereby regulating the electromagnetic operating characteristics of the cross-shaped slot 5 and the two pairs of reflective slots 6, ultimately achieving a switchable beam pointing function. Specifically, the control rules are as follows: when the PIN diode is in the on state, its corresponding slot path is short-circuited, preventing the formation of an effective electromagnetic radiation or reflection path; when the PIN diode is in the off state, the slot can fully utilize its preset radiation or reflection function.

[0030] By controlling the on / off state of the PIN diodes on the cross-shaped slot 5, the present invention can achieve normal radiation along the x-axis or y-axis: when both diodes PIN11 and PIN12 are in the off state, the antenna achieves normal radiation along the x-axis; when both diodes PIN21 and PIN22 are in the off state, the antenna achieves normal radiation along the y-axis. The core function of the two pairs of reflector slots 6 is to change the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves by reflecting them, thereby achieving tilted beam control. The control logic is based on the basic radiation state of the cross-shaped slot 5, and is essentially a switchable Yagi-like antenna reflector mechanism: Under the premise that both PIN11 and PIN12 are cut off (i.e., the x-axis normal radiation is the basic state), if the PIN31 diode corresponding to reflector slot 6A is cut off, slot 6A forms an effective reflection path and produces a directional reflection effect on the radiated electromagnetic waves. This antenna achieves a tilted beam pointing in the direction of θ=-30° in the XOZ plane; if, on the basis that both PIN11 and PIN12 are cut off, the PIN32 diode corresponding to reflector slot 6B, which is symmetrical to slot 6A, is cut off, reflector slot 6B forms an effective reflection path. This antenna achieves a tilted beam pointing in the direction of θ=+30° in the XOZ plane.

[0031] By controlling the on / off state of the PIN diodes (PIN11 to PIN42), this invention can achieve beam switching pointing to -30°, 0°, and +30° in the XOZ and YOZ planes. The correspondence between each operating state and the on / off state of the diodes is shown in Table 1 (where ON indicates conduction and OFF indicates cutoff).

[0032] This invention relates to a reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot. By controllably adjusting the electromagnetic characteristics of the reflector slot on the metal ground plane, the radiation pattern of the dielectric resonant antenna can be reconstructed. During antenna operation, the feed structure 4 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The radio frequency signal generated by it is transmitted along the feed line and slot-coupled with the dielectric resonator above through a cross-shaped slot 5 on the metal ground plane 2. The cross-shaped slot 5 forms an equivalent magnetocurrent source in the metal ground, thereby exciting the dielectric resonator to operate in a predetermined resonant mode within the target frequency band, achieving radiation into free space.

[0033] Around the cross-shaped slot 5, two pairs of reflective slots 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D are symmetrically arranged, each reflective slot being connected to a bias network via a corresponding PIN diode. For example... Figure 2 As shown, reflector 6A corresponds to PIN11, PIN21, and PIN31; reflector 6B corresponds to PIN22 and PIN32; reflector 6C corresponds to PIN41; and reflector 6D corresponds to PIN12 and PIN42. By applying different DC bias voltages to each PIN diode through a bias network, the PIN diodes can be controlled to be in the on or off state, thereby changing the equivalent electrical length of each reflector and its electromagnetic wave reflection characteristics.

[0034] When the PIN diode corresponding to a reflective slot in a certain direction is in the ON state, the reflective slot behaves as an effective reflective structure in the RF operating frequency band, significantly affecting the surface current of the metal ground surface and the equivalent magnetocurrent distribution around the cross-shaped slot. Conversely, when the PIN diode is in the OFF state, the reflection effect of the corresponding reflective slot is weakened or fails. By combining and controlling the ON states of different reflective slots, a controllable asymmetric current distribution can be introduced into the metal ground plane, causing a shift in the electromagnetic field distribution inside the dielectric resonator.

[0035] The aforementioned field distribution changes further alter the amplitude and phase superposition relationship of the radiated waves in each direction in the far field of the dielectric resonator antenna, thereby enabling the switching of the main radiation direction in different spatial directions. Since the reflector slots are arranged in pairs and can be independently controlled, the antenna can flexibly switch between multiple radiation pattern states. Simultaneously, this modulation method primarily affects the ground plane current and the reflection path, having minimal impact on the coupling relationship between the feed structure and the dielectric resonator. Therefore, while achieving radiation pattern reconstruction, it can still maintain good impedance matching performance and stable radiation characteristics.

[0036] Table 1

[0037] Example (HFSS) In this embodiment, the physical dimensions of the dielectric resonator are 32.4mm × 32.4mm × 11.2mm, and a TP-2 substrate with a relative permittivity of 6 and a loss tangent of 0.0012 is selected. The dielectric substrate can be an F4BM substrate with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.001, with dimensions of 90mm × 90mm and a thickness of t = 0.508mm. The width of the cross-shaped slot is w1 = 1mm, and the length is l1 = 14.5mm. The distance between the reflector slot and the center point of the dielectric resonator is d = 12mm, and the width of the reflector slot is w2 = 1mm, and the length is l2 = 20.2mm. The width of the first transmission line segment of the feeding structure is w3 = 2.8mm, and the width of the second transmission line segment is w4 = 1.3mm. The PIN diode can be an SMP1345-040LF PIN diode.

[0038] The dimensions mentioned above are specific design values ​​obtained through simulation calculations and parameter optimization; if the dimensions change, the performance of this embodiment may decrease.

[0039] Electromagnetic simulation was performed on this embodiment, and the simulation results are as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown. By Figure 3 It can be seen that the impedance bandwidth of the embodiment of the present invention with a return loss better than -10 dB is 3.19-3.99GHz (22.2%), which fully covers the 5G-N78 frequency band. Figure 4 The figure shows the simulation results of the gain curves for the six reconstruction states in this embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that the peak gain curves of states 1 and 4 have the same trend. The peak gain of state 1 can reach 6.32dBi and the peak gain of state 4 can reach 6.52dBi. The peak gain curves of states 2, 3, 5 and 6 have the same trend, with peak gains of 6.63dBi, 6.41dBi, 6.47dBi and 6.54dBi respectively. The gain stability of each state is good. Figure 5 The radiation patterns of the antenna of the present invention in the planes of Φ=0° and Φ=90° are shown. It can be seen that the antenna can switch between -30°, 0° and +30°.

[0040] Therefore, the pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot provided by the present invention has the advantages of electrical control, compact structure, wide bandwidth and stable radiation performance, and can meet the application requirements of pattern-adjustable antennas in wireless communication systems.

[0041] Example 1: Reference pattern state based on cross-shaped groove This embodiment provides a reference operating state for a dielectric resonator antenna. The dielectric resonator is disposed above a dielectric substrate, and a metallic ground plane is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate. A cross-shaped slot is formed in the central region of the metallic ground plane. The two arms of the slot extend in mutually perpendicular directions, exciting the resonant mode of the dielectric resonator. Two pairs of reflective slots are arranged around the slot in mutually perpendicular directions within the plane, maintaining symmetry in spatial position and electromagnetic state. In this state, each reflective slot is inactive and does not significantly affect the antenna radiation process, resulting in a symmetrical radiation pattern radiating along the normal direction. This embodiment serves as the reference state for subsequent pattern reconstruction.

[0042] Example 2: Directional deflection state of a single-sided reflector groove activation Based on the structure of Embodiment 1, this embodiment only changes the electromagnetic state of one side of the reflector slot, making that reflector slot form an effective reflection structure within the operating frequency band, while the other side of the reflector slot remains in an inactive state. When the reflector slot is activated, it is electromagnetically equivalent to a Yagi-like antenna reflector structure, reflecting and suppressing the radiation field in its direction, thereby changing the electromagnetic field distribution near the antenna. Due to the redistribution of the radiation field in space, the radiated energy of the antenna is concentrated in the opposite direction of the reflector slot, causing a deflection of the main radiation direction. This embodiment shows that the antenna pattern can be reconstructed by adjusting the operating state of the reflector slot without changing the feed structure or the dielectric resonator body structure.

[0043] Example 3: Multi-directional working state with switching between mutually orthogonal directions Building upon Example 2, this example achieves switching between multiple main radiation directions by alternately activating reflector slots in different directions. When a reflector slot arranged along the first direction is active, it functions as a Yagi-like antenna reflector, causing the antenna's main radiation direction to deflect in the opposite direction. When the reflector slot arranged along the second direction is activated, the radiation direction changes accordingly, and the main radiation direction switches orthogonally. Through different reflector slot state combinations, the antenna can achieve discrete switching between multiple predetermined spatial directions. This example demonstrates the coordinated control mechanism of reflector slots in the directional dimension, highlighting their core role in pattern reconfigurability.

[0044] Example 4: Impedance Steady State During Pattern Reconstruction This embodiment focuses on verifying the impact of pattern reconstruction on electrical performance. During the switching between different reflector states, the feeding structure remains located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and does not participate in the control. Test results show that the changes in reflector state mainly affect the surface current of the metal ground and the reflection path, with minimal impact on the energy coupling relationship between the coupling slot and the dielectric resonator. Under multiple pattern states, the antenna input impedance remains stable within the operating frequency band, and the return loss variation is small. This embodiment demonstrates that this structure can maintain good impedance matching characteristics while achieving pattern reconstruction, exhibiting significant engineering advantages.

[0045] Example 5: Implementation process of the reconfigurable pattern method This embodiment provides an implementation process for pattern reconfiguration. First, a dielectric resonator is excited to generate stable radiation via slot coupling. Then, according to predetermined directional requirements, the electromagnetic state of the reflector slots surrounding the cross-shaped slot is selectively altered. The selected reflector slots function as Yagi-like antenna reflectors, and this structure suppresses the radiation field on that side. Finally, the main radiation direction of the antenna is switched to the target spatial direction. Throughout the process, the operating mode of the dielectric resonator remains consistent, and directional adjustment is achieved solely through the ground-plane reflector slot mechanism. This embodiment fully demonstrates the feasible path for pattern reconfiguration, fully illustrating the feasibility and inventiveness of the present invention.

[0046] Electromagnetic simulation analysis was conducted on the pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna proposed in this invention, and relevant simulation performance results were obtained. The simulation results include the antenna's return loss curve, gain curve, and radiation pattern under different operating states. Specifically, the return loss simulation results show that the antenna has good impedance matching characteristics within the operating frequency band; the gain curves under different reconfiguration states show that the antenna maintains good radiation performance in all operating states; the radiation pattern simulation results show that the antenna's radiation direction can be changed by controlling the on / off state of the PIN diode, thereby achieving pattern reconfigurability. These simulation results demonstrate that the antenna structure proposed in this invention can achieve pattern controllability while maintaining good operating characteristics, verifying the technical effects of the present invention.

[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot, comprising: Dielectric resonator; metal ground; Dielectric substrate; Power supply structure; The metal ground is disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, the dielectric resonator is disposed above the metal ground, and the feeding structure is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate; a cross-shaped groove is formed on the metal ground for coupling the electromagnetic energy generated by the feeding structure to the dielectric resonator; Its characteristic is that it further includes: At least one pair of reflective grooves are formed on the metal ground and distributed around the cross-shaped groove; Multiple controllable switching elements are provided, with at least one controllable switching element provided on each of the reflective slots, for changing the electromagnetic characteristics of the corresponding reflective slot; A bias network, connecting each of the controllable switching elements, is used to independently control the electromagnetic operating state of each of the reflector slots, thereby changing the radiation pattern of the dielectric resonant antenna.

2. The pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective grooves are in two pairs, including a first pair of reflective grooves symmetrically distributed along a first direction and a second pair of reflective grooves symmetrically distributed along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

3. The pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector groove according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable switching element is a PIN diode.

4. The pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-shaped groove includes a first groove arm and a second groove arm. Each of the first groove arm and the second groove arm is provided with a controllable switch element for independently controlling the conduction state of the corresponding groove arm.

5. The pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bias network provides an independent DC bias voltage for each of the controllable switching elements.

6. The pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna has at least three operating states, corresponding to the normal radiation pattern, the radiation pattern deflected in the first direction, and the radiation pattern deflected in the second direction, respectively.

7. The pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot according to claim 6, characterized in that, When all the controllable switching elements of the reflectors are in the off state, the antenna presents a normal radiation pattern; when some of the controllable switching elements of the reflectors are in the on state, the radiation pattern of the antenna deflects in the opposite direction to the partial reflectors.

8. A pattern reconstruction method for a pattern-reconfigurable dielectric resonant antenna based on a reflector slot as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The bias network independently controls the on / off state of the controllable switching element on each of the at least one pair of reflective slots to change the electromagnetic characteristics of the corresponding reflective slot, thereby adjusting the radiation pattern of the antenna.

9. The pattern reconstruction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the radiation pattern of the antenna needs to be deflected in the first direction, the controllable switching element on the reflector slot opposite to the first direction is turned on, while the controllable switching elements on the other reflector slots are turned off.

10. The pattern reconstruction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes selecting the working polarization direction of the antenna by controlling the on / off state of the controllable switching elements on the first and second slot arms of the cross-shaped slot.

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