Dielectric resonator antenna and electronic device
By embedding metal inserts in the dielectric resonator antenna, new modes and fundamental modes are introduced, solving the problems of increased complexity and size in broadband design of dielectric resonator antennas, and realizing broadband design without increasing size.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUAQIN TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for achieving broadband design of dielectric resonator antennas are complex and difficult to implement, or they increase the antenna size, which does not meet the requirements of miniaturization design.
A metal insert is embedded in the resonant medium, and the resonant medium and the metal insert are fed through a microstrip line to introduce a new mode that, together with the fundamental mode, forms a broadband signal while keeping the antenna volume constant.
A broadband design for a dielectric resonator antenna was achieved, increasing the bandwidth to 3.11 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of 42%, without increasing the antenna size.
Smart Images
Figure CN116581523B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of antenna structure design technology, and in particular to a dielectric resonator antenna and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is a type of resonant antenna made of a low-dielectric-loss microwave dielectric material. Its resonant frequency is determined by the size, shape, and relative permittivity of the resonator. Dielectric resonator antennas offer many unique advantages in terms of bandwidth, reconfigurability, high isolation, and beamforming. For example, the shape, size, and relative permittivity (material-dependent) of the dielectric block can be flexibly selected; dielectric resonators have no conductor loss or surface wave loss, resulting in higher radiation efficiency than other types of antennas; feeding methods are flexible and diverse; and dielectric resonator antennas are less sensitive to manufacturing errors.
[0003] With the development of communication technology, terminal antennas are constantly evolving towards broadband, multi-frequency, and miniaturization. However, existing methods for achieving broadband using dielectric resonator antennas are relatively complex and difficult to implement; or they may increase the size of the antenna, which does not meet the design requirements for miniaturization. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dielectric resonator antenna and electronic device that can simply and flexibly realize the broadband design of the dielectric resonator antenna while maintaining the original volume of the dielectric resonator antenna.
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a dielectric resonator antenna, comprising:
[0006] The resonant dielectric; a ground layer, the ground layer being attached to the resonant dielectric, the ground layer including a first side attached to the resonant dielectric, a second side facing away from the resonant dielectric, and a plurality of side surfaces located between the first side and the second side and connecting the first side and the second side; the ground layer having a through groove penetrating the first side and the second side; a microstrip line located on the side of the ground layer facing away from the resonant dielectric, the microstrip line being used for power feeding; and a metal insert embedded in the resonant dielectric.
[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising:
[0008] The device body and the dielectric resonator antenna as described in the first aspect, wherein the dielectric resonator antenna is disposed on the device body.
[0009] Optionally, the resonant dielectric has an opening opposite to the grounding layer in a receiving groove, and the metal insert is disposed in the receiving groove.
[0010] Optionally, both the resonant dielectric and the metal insert are columnar with their axes perpendicular to the ground layer, the receiving groove is a columnar groove, and the side of the metal insert is in contact with the inner wall of the receiving groove.
[0011] Optionally, the end face of the metal insert facing away from the ground layer and the surface of the resonant dielectric facing away from the ground layer are flush.
[0012] Optionally, the resonant medium and the metal insert are coaxially arranged.
[0013] Optionally, the metal insert is disposed inside the resonant medium, and the resonant medium completely covers the metal insert.
[0014] Optionally, both the resonant medium and the metal insert are columnar, the resonant medium has an axial through hole, the metal insert is disposed in the axial through hole, and the microstrip line passes through the first through slot and is connected to the metal insert.
[0015] Optionally, it also includes a dielectric substrate disposed on the second surface of the ground layer, and the microstrip line disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the ground layer; the microstrip line is fed by coupling power.
[0016] Optionally, the dielectric substrate is a circuit board.
[0017] Compared to related technologies, the embodiments of this invention embed a metal insert within the resonant medium. Thus, when the microstrip line feeds the resonant medium and the metal insert, a new mode can be introduced near the fundamental mode of the dielectric resonator antenna. This new mode, together with the fundamental mode, forms a broadband band, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the dielectric resonator antenna. The dielectric resonator antenna structure provided by this invention is simple and easy to implement, and because the metal insert is embedded in the resonant medium, it does not increase the overall volume of the dielectric resonator antenna. Attached Figure Description
[0018] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of a dielectric resonator antenna in the prior art at 6.4 GHz;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of a dielectric resonator antenna in the prior art at 8.2 GHz;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention at 6.4 GHz;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention at 8.2 GHz;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the impedance matching curve of a dielectric resonator antenna in the prior art;
[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the impedance matching curve of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 9 It is TE 113 Schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the model;
[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the operating signal curve of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation directions of the dielectric resonator antenna at 7.3 GHz in the E-plane and H-plane provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] 100 Resonant dielectric, 110 Accommodating groove, 120 Axial through hole; 200 Ground layer, 210 First surface, 220 Second surface, 230 Through slot; 300 Microstrip line; 400 Metal insert; 500 Dielectric substrate. Detailed Implementation
[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to enable the reader to better understand this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
[0033] In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the present invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0034] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0035] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setting," "equipped with," "opening," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0037] With the development of communication technology, terminal antennas are constantly evolving towards wider bandwidth, multi-frequency operation, and miniaturization, and dielectric resonator antennas are no exception. In existing technologies, there are generally two methods to achieve broadband for dielectric resonator antennas: one is to utilize the multi-mode characteristics of the dielectric resonator antenna itself, achieving broadband by bringing different modes closer together; the other is to combine the dielectric resonator antenna with other types of antennas, achieving broadband by combining the modes of those other antennas with the modes of the dielectric resonator antenna. The first method is more complex and difficult to implement, while the second method is easier to implement, but it increases the overall size of the antenna due to the need to combine it with other antennas, which contradicts the trend towards miniaturization.
[0038] Therefore, one embodiment of the present invention provides a dielectric resonator antenna, such as... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, it includes: a resonant dielectric 100; a ground layer 200, the ground layer 200 being attached to the resonant dielectric 100, the ground layer 200 including a first surface 210 attached to the resonant dielectric 100, a second surface 220 facing away from the resonant dielectric 100, and a plurality of side surfaces located between the first surface 210 and the second surface 220 and connecting the first surface 210 and the second surface 220; the ground layer 200 having a through groove 230 penetrating the first surface 210 and the second surface 220; a microstrip line 300 located on the side of the ground layer 200 facing away from the resonant dielectric 100, the microstrip line 300 being used for power feeding; and a metal insert 400, the metal insert 400 being embedded in the resonant dielectric 100. Compared to related technologies, the embodiment of this invention embeds a metal insert 400 within the resonant medium 100. Thus, when the microstrip line 300 feeds power to the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400, a new mode can be introduced near the fundamental mode of the dielectric resonator antenna. This new mode, together with the fundamental mode, forms a broadband signal, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the dielectric resonator antenna. The dielectric resonator antenna structure provided by this invention is simple and easy to implement. Furthermore, because the metal insert is embedded in the resonant medium, it does not increase the overall volume of the dielectric resonator antenna.
[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 The electric field distribution of a dielectric resonator antenna without metal inserts 400 in the 6.4 GHz band. Figure 4The electric field distribution of the dielectric resonator antenna without the metal insert 400 in the 8.2 GHz band is shown. It can be seen that in the 6.4 GHz band, only region A1 within the resonant dielectric 100 has a strong electric field, region A2 has the weakest electric field, and most other regions, such as A3, have weak electric fields. However, in the 8.2 GHz band, only region A1' within the resonant dielectric 100 has a strong electric field, region A2' has the weakest electric field, and other regions, such as A3', have weak electric fields. When the metal insert 400 is embedded in the resonant dielectric 100, as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 The electric field distribution of the dielectric resonator antenna with added metal insert 400 in the 6.4 GHz band is shown. Figure 6 The electric field distribution of the dielectric resonator antenna with the added metal insert 400 in the 8.2 GHz band is shown. It can be seen that in the 6.4 GHz band, in addition to the strong electric field in region B1 within the resonant dielectric 100, a strong electric field region B4 is added, while the electric field strength in region B2 is the weakest, and the electric field strength in region B3 is also relatively weak. In the 8.2 GHz band, in addition to the strong electric field in region B1', a strong electric field region B4' is added within the resonant dielectric 100, while the electric field strength in region B2' is the weakest, and the electric field strength in region B3' is also relatively weak. This is because the addition of the metal insert 400 alters the boundary conditions of the dielectric resonator antenna, causing a frequency shift in the fundamental mode and introducing a new mode near 8.2 GHz.
[0040] Please see also Figures 7 to 9 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the impedance matching curve of the dielectric resonator antenna before the addition of the metal insert 400. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the impedance matching curve of the dielectric resonator antenna after adding a 400mm metal insert. Figure 9 For TE 113 A schematic diagram of the electric field distribution of the mode. It can be observed that without the addition of the metal insert 400, the fundamental mode frequency of the dielectric resonator antenna is 7.3 GHz. However, after adding the metal insert 400, the fundamental mode frequency shifts to 6.4 GHz, and a new mode is introduced near 8.2 GHz, with a distribution similar to TE. 113 ,like Figure 9 As shown by the dashed line. In other words, this invention achieves wide impedance matching by utilizing the fundamental mode of the dielectric resonator antenna and the new mode introduced by inserting the metal insert 400.
[0041] Please see also Figure 10 , Figure 10The impedance curve of the dielectric resonator antenna after adding the metal insert 400 shows that the operating frequency of the dielectric resonator antenna provided in this embodiment is around 7.3 GHz, the frequency range of less than -10 dB is 5.78 GHz-8.89 GHz, the absolute bandwidth reaches 3.11 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 42%.
[0042] Please see also Figure 11 , Figure 11 The main polarization radiation patterns of the dielectric resonator antenna at 7.3 GHz in the E and H planes after adding the metal insert 400 are shown in the figure. As can be seen from the figure, the dielectric resonator antenna provided in this embodiment has a side-firing radiation pattern and its maximum gain can reach 6.17 dBi.
[0043] Please see again Figure 2 In this embodiment, the resonant medium 100 has an opening facing away from the ground layer 200, and the metal insert 400 is disposed in the receiving groove 110. Specifically, a solute groove 110 is provided on the resonant medium 100, and then the metal insert 400 is disposed in the receiving groove 110. The receiving groove 110 provides space for installing the metal insert 400 and also limits the position of the metal insert 400.
[0044] Furthermore, both the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400 are columnar with their axes perpendicular to the ground layer 200, and the receiving groove 110 is a columnar groove. The side of the metal insert 400 fits against the inner wall of the receiving groove 110. In other words, the receiving groove 110 and the metal insert 400 are matched so that the metal insert 400 can be stably placed in the receiving groove 110.
[0045] Furthermore, the end face of the metal insert 400 facing away from the ground layer 200 is flush with the surface of the resonant dielectric 100 facing away from the ground layer. Specifically, the upper surface of the resonant dielectric 100 is flush with the upper surface of the metal insert 400. Therefore, after providing the accommodating groove 110 and the metal insert 400 on the resonant dielectric 100, the volume of the resonant dielectric 100 is the same as before providing the accommodating groove 110 and the metal insert 400. In other words, this embodiment can achieve broadband of the dielectric resonator antenna without increasing the volume of the dielectric resonator antenna.
[0046] Optionally, the resonant dielectric 100 and the metal insert 400 are coaxially arranged. This arrangement is relatively simple and beneficial for manufacturing. Alternatively, the resonant dielectric 100 and the metal insert 400 can also be coaxially arranged; the relative positions of the resonant dielectric 100 and the metal insert 400 do not affect the broadband design of the dielectric resonator antenna.
[0047] In one feasible implementation, the metal insert 400 is disposed inside the resonant medium 100, and the resonant medium 100 completely covers the metal insert 400. That is, the metal insert 400 is completely embedded inside the resonant medium 100, so that the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400 together constitute a complete unit, and the metal insert 400 will not detach from the resonant medium 100, which can prevent the dielectric resonator antenna from failing.
[0048] Please see again Figure 2 In this embodiment, the dielectric resonator antenna further includes a dielectric substrate 500, which is disposed on the second surface of the ground layer 200, and the microstrip line 300 is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 500 away from the ground layer 200; the microstrip line 300 is fed by coupling feeding.
[0049] Specifically, the dielectric substrate 500 is a circuit board. In this case, the ground layer 200 can be a metal layer on one side of the circuit board. Thus, by using a circuit board to set up the ground layer 200 and the dielectric substrate 500, the manufacturing difficulty of the dielectric resonator antenna can be further reduced.
[0050] In this embodiment, the through slot 230 is specifically a gap, and the extension direction of the gap is perpendicular to the length direction of the microstrip line 300. The microstrip line 300 is coupled and fed through the gap.
[0051] The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a dielectric resonator antenna. The dielectric resonator antenna in this embodiment is substantially the same as the dielectric resonator antenna in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the main difference lies in that both the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400 are columnar. The resonant medium 100 has an axial through-hole 120, and the metal insert 400 is disposed in the axial through-hole 120. The microstrip line 300 passes through the first through-slot 230 and is connected to the metal insert 400. That is, in this embodiment, the axial lengths of the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400 are equal, and the resonant medium 100 is fitted around the outer periphery of the metal insert 400.
[0052] It is understandable that, when the axial lengths of the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400 are equal, the microstrip line 300 connects both the resonant medium 100 and the metal insert 400.
[0053] In other embodiments, the resonant medium 100 may also be other shapes, such as prisms, frustums, etc.
[0054] The third embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, comprising: a device body and a dielectric resonator antenna as described in the first or second embodiment, wherein the dielectric resonator antenna is disposed on the device body.
[0055] The dielectric resonator antenna and electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the idea of the present invention. There may be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dielectric resonator antenna, characterized in that, include: Resonant medium; A grounding layer is attached to the resonant dielectric. The grounding layer includes a first surface attached to the resonant dielectric, a second surface facing away from the resonant dielectric, and a plurality of side surfaces located between the first surface and the second surface and connecting the first surface and the second surface. The grounding layer is provided with a through groove penetrating the first surface and the second surface. A microstrip line is located on the side of the ground layer away from the resonant dielectric, and the microstrip line is fed by coupling feeding. A metal insert is embedded in the resonant medium. The metal insert is used to introduce a new resonant mode. The new resonant mode and the fundamental mode of the dielectric resonator antenna together form a broadband band to increase the bandwidth of the dielectric resonator antenna. Both the resonant dielectric and the metal insert are columnar with their axes perpendicular to the ground layer. The resonant dielectric has an opening facing away from the ground layer and a receiving groove. The metal insert is disposed in the receiving groove and is coaxially arranged with the resonant dielectric. The end face of the metal insert facing away from the ground layer is flush with the end face of the resonant dielectric facing away from the ground layer.
2. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the metal insert fits into the inner wall of the receiving groove.
3. The dielectric resonator antenna according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, It also includes a dielectric substrate, which is disposed on the second surface of the ground layer, and the microstrip line is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the ground layer.
4. The dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is a circuit board.
5. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a device body and a dielectric resonator antenna as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the dielectric resonator antenna is disposed on the device body.