Drawing, Extrusion and Torsion Processing Device and Processing Method for Gradient Structure Bars

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drawing extrusion - torsion processing device for a gradient - structured bar, which comprises a bottom plate. A sliding base and a driving base are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate. The driving base is fixed on the bottom plate, and the sliding base can slide towards the driving base. An anti - rotation seat is arranged between the sliding base and the driving base, and the anti - rotation seat can slide along the sliding direction of the sliding base. A torsion driving motor is fixed on the sliding base, and a drawing driving cylinder is fixed on the driving base. Driving shafts and driving rods are respectively arranged at the opposite ends of the torsion driving motor and the drawing driving cylinder. Bar fixing devices are respectively arranged on the driving shaft and the anti - rotation seat. A drawing die is arranged between the two bar fixing devices, and the driving rod is fixedly connected with the drawing die through a tension frame. The present invention also discloses a method for processing a gradient - structured bar by using the drawing extrusion - torsion processing device for a gradient - structured bar, which can simultaneously realize the coordinated deformation processes of "drawing - torsion" or "extrusion - torsion".

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing and forming, and particularly relates to a drawing extrusion-torsion processing device and a processing method for a gradient structure bar. Background Art

[0002] A metal bar is a straight product of metal plastic processing with a ratio of length to cross-sectional perimeter being quite large and no obvious convex or concave parts on the cross-section, and it has wide applications in modern transportation, construction, aerospace, deep-sea operation equipment and other fields. With the development of modern equipment and components towards rapidity, lightness, comfort, safety and other directions, products are required to have characteristics such as high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, and light weight. Traditional materials and preparation processes are increasingly difficult to meet the development needs of high-end special manufacturing technologies.

[0003] Gradient materials show great engineering application prospects due to their excellent physical and mechanical properties. Their microstructures and physical, chemical and other single or comprehensive properties change continuously, forming a transition layer that alleviates stress. The methods for preparing gradient metal materials mainly include high-pressure torsion, high-energy shot peening, surface mechanical attrition treatment, and torsional deformation. Among them, torsional deformation is considered to be one of the main methods for preparing gradient structure materials with a high volume fraction. Generally, after torsional deformation, the size and shape of the material do not change much, so torsional deformation is considered to be the simplest and most convenient method for preparing gradient materials. However, during the torsional process, the material deforms as a whole. Due to factors such as material inhomogeneity, it is difficult to controllably prepare suitable gradient metal long bars.

[0004] And material drawing processing is one of the main production methods for preparing long tubes, bars, and wires. By applying a tensile force to the front end of the metal material, the metal material is gradually pulled out from a die with a die hole smaller than the cross-sectional area of the material under the action of the tensile force, so as to obtain the required size for production and processing. This technology is beneficial to the grain refinement of metals, obtaining high precision and high surface quality. Moreover, drawing does not waste materials, and the production tools and equipment used are simple and easy to maintain. Especially in the current era of emphasizing resource conservation, drawing technology is being paid more and more attention. However, ordinary drawing processes are difficult to effectively prepare gradient metal materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for gradient structure bars that is simple and convenient to operate, has high processing efficiency, and good processing quality.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A drawing extrusion - torsion processing device for a gradient - structured bar, comprising a bottom plate. On the upper surface of the bottom plate, a sliding base and a driving base are arranged at intervals. The sliding base is slidably connected to the bottom plate along the direction opposite to the driving base. A sliding locking device Ⅰ capable of locking and fixing the sliding base on the bottom plate is also installed on the sliding base. The driving base is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. An anti - rotation seat is arranged between the sliding base and the driving base. The anti - rotation seat is slidably connected to the bottom plate along the direction opposite to the driving base. A sliding locking device Ⅱ capable of locking and fixing the anti - rotation seat on the bottom plate is also installed on the anti - rotation seat. A torsion driving motor is fixedly connected to the sliding base, and a drawing driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the driving base. One end of the driving shaft of the torsion driving motor extending towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located has a center line parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding base. A bar fixing device Ⅰ is installed at the end of the driving shaft. A bar fixing device Ⅱ is installed on the anti - rotation seat. A drawing die is arranged between the bar fixing device Ⅰ and the bar fixing device Ⅱ. The drawing hole of the drawing die is arranged coaxially with the driving shaft. One end of the drawing driving cylinder extending towards the direction where the torsion driving motor is located has a driving rod capable of telescoping along the direction opposite to the torsion driving motor and the drawing driving cylinder. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the drawing die through a tension frame.

[0008] In the present invention, the small - diameter end of the gradient - structured bar passes through the drawing die and is coaxially connected to the driving shaft, while the large - diameter end of the bar is fixed on the anti - rotation seat, which can prevent the large - diameter end of the bar from axially rotating. During processing, it can be divided into two cases according to the process: One is the way that the sliding base is locked and fixed and the anti - rotation seat is movable. The torsion driving motor provides torque to the small - diameter end of the bar, and the drawing driving cylinder provides drawing force. Due to the limitation of the anti - rotation seat, its large - diameter end cannot axially rotate. The bar elongates towards the side where the drawing driving cylinder is located and undergoes drawing deformation. The small - diameter end undergoes torsion under the action of torque, the friction of the drawing die and the joint restriction of the anti - rotation seat, jointly generating "drawing - torsion" coordinated deformation; the bar after the small - diameter end is deformed generates a gradient structure and properties, and work - hardening occurs. Therefore, the bar only undergoes continuous and steady "drawing - torsion deformation" at the die orifice of the drawing die towards the torsion driving motor side to prepare a gradient - structured long bar. The other is the way that the sliding base is movable and the anti - rotation seat is locked and fixed. Since the large - diameter end of the bar is fixed on the anti - rotation seat and cannot move, the bar undergoes extrusion and elongates towards the side where the torsion driving motor is located and deforms. The small - diameter end undergoes torsion under the action of torque, the friction of the drawing die and the joint restriction of the anti - rotation seat, jointly generating "extrusion - torsion" coordinated deformation; the bar after the small - diameter end is deformed generates a gradient structure and properties, and work - hardening occurs. Therefore, the bar only undergoes continuous and steady "extrusion - torsion deformation" at the die orifice of the drawing die towards the torsion driving motor side to prepare a gradient - structured long bar.

[0009] As an optimization, a torque sensor is also fixedly connected to the sliding base. The torque sensor is located on the side of the torsion drive motor facing the drawing drive cylinder. The main shaft of the torque sensor is arranged on the same center line as the drive shaft. The drive shaft is in transmission connection with the input end of the main shaft of the torque sensor. The bar fixing device I is installed on the output end of the main shaft of the torque sensor. By obtaining the torque value through the torque sensor, it is convenient to adjust the torque of the torsion drive motor according to the process requirements.

[0010] As an optimization, a bearing seat is also fixedly connected to the sliding base on the side of the torque sensor facing away from the torsion drive motor. A transmission shaft arranged on the same center line as the main shaft of the torque sensor is passed through the bearing seat. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through a bearing. The output end of the main shaft of the torque sensor is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission shaft. The bar fixing device I is installed on the output end of the transmission shaft. By means of an indirect connection, damage to the torque sensor during the torsion process can be avoided, and the service life of the torque sensor can be prolonged.

[0011] As an optimization, two opposite and parallel guide rails are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the sliding base. The guide rails extend along the relative direction of the sliding base and the drive base. The sliding base is respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails. A slide rail is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the anti-rotation seat. The extending direction of the slide rail is parallel to the extending direction of the guide rails. The slide rail is located inside the extension lines of the two guide rails. The anti-rotation seat is slidably connected to the slide rail. The sliding base and the anti-rotation seat each use an independent guiding track to avoid interference with each other.

[0012] As an optimization, a tension support seat is arranged between the sliding base and the anti-rotation seat. The tension support seat is respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails. The drawing die is fixedly connected to the tension support seat. The drive rod is fixedly connected to the tension support seat through the tension frame. A certain supporting force is provided for the long bar, and the influence of gravity on the long bar is reduced.

[0013] As an optimization, the tension frame includes two parallel tension rods. The tension rods extend along the relative direction of the sliding base and the drive base. One ends of the two tension rods facing the tension support seat are respectively fixedly connected to the tension support seat. A connecting rod is arranged between the other ends. The connecting rod extends along the relative direction of the two tension rods and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two tension rods. The drive rod is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The projections of the drawing die and the anti-rotation seat in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the bottom plate are located inside the projections of the two connecting rods in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the bottom plate. The drawing die is pulled to move from both sides, and the force on the bar is more uniform.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a drawing-torsion processing method for a gradient structure bar, which is processed using the drawing-extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar described above; locking and fixing the sliding base on the bottom plate; obtaining a bar with a gradient structure, passing the small-diameter end of the bar through the drawing hole in the drawing die from the side where the drawing driving cylinder is located towards the side where the torsion driving motor is located, and then fixedly connecting the small-diameter end of the bar to the driving shaft through the bar fixing device I. Then, adjust the position of the anti-rotation seat, fixedly connect the large-diameter end of the bar to the anti-rotation seat through the bar fixing device II, and make the bar and the driving shaft coaxial; start the torsion driving motor to provide torque output power for the bar, and at the same time start the drawing driving cylinder to move the driving rod towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located, and the bar begins to produce drawing-torsion coordinated deformation.

[0015] The present invention also discloses an extrusion-torsion processing method for a gradient structure bar, which is processed using the drawing-extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar described above; locking and fixing the anti-rotation seat on the bottom plate; obtaining a bar with a gradient structure, passing the small-diameter end of the bar through the drawing hole in the drawing die from the side where the drawing driving cylinder is located towards the side where the torsion driving motor is located, fixedly connecting the large-diameter end of the bar to the anti-rotation seat through the bar fixing device II, then adjusting the position of the sliding base, fixedly connecting the small-diameter end of the bar to the driving shaft through the bar fixing device I, and making the bar and the driving shaft coaxial; start the torsion driving motor to provide torque for the bar, and at the same time start the drawing driving cylinder to move the driving rod towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located, and the bar begins to produce extrusion-torsion coordinated deformation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The "drawing-torsion" or "extrusion-torsion" coordinated deformation process can be simultaneously realized in the same process device, the material deformation zone is stable, and long bars and wires with gradient structures can be continuously produced.

[0018] (2) When drawing and twisting the bar, the drawing speed and the twisting speed can be set arbitrarily, and the manufacturing process of this equipment is simple, the cost is low, and it is easy to realize industrialization. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is an equivalent stress diagram of the bar obtained by processing using the processing method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 The equivalent strain diagram of the bar obtained after processing by the processing method of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 The velocity diagram of the bar obtained after processing by the processing method of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the inventive product is normally placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar in this specific implementation manner includes a bottom plate 1. A sliding base 2 and a driving base 3 are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. The sliding base 2 is slidably connected to the bottom plate 1 along the direction opposite to the driving base 3. A sliding locking device I for locking and fixing the sliding base 2 on the bottom plate 1 is further installed on the sliding base 2. The driving base 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1. An anti-rotation seat 4 is arranged between the sliding base 2 and the driving base 3. The anti-rotation seat 4 is slidably connected to the bottom plate 1 along the direction opposite to the driving base 3. A sliding locking device II for locking and fixing the anti-rotation seat 4 on the bottom plate 1 is further installed on the anti-rotation seat 4. A torsion driving motor 5 is fixedly connected to the sliding base 2. A drawing driving cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the driving base 3. One end of the driving shaft of the torsion driving motor 5 extending towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder 6 is located has a center line parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding base 2. A bar fixing device I is installed at the end of the driving shaft. A bar fixing device II is installed on the anti-rotation seat 4. A drawing die 7 is arranged between the bar fixing device I and the bar fixing device II. The drawing hole of the drawing die 7 is arranged concentrically with the driving shaft. One end of the drawing driving cylinder 6 extending towards the direction where the torsion driving motor 5 is located has a driving rod that can extend and retract along the direction opposite to the torsion driving motor 5 and the drawing driving cylinder 6. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the drawing die 7 through a tension frame 8.

[0027] In this specific implementation manner, a torque sensor 9 is further fixedly connected to the sliding base 2. The torque sensor 9 is located on one side of the torsion driving motor 5 towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder 6 is located. The main shaft of the torque sensor 9 is arranged concentrically with the driving shaft. The driving shaft is in transmission connection with the input end of the main shaft of the torque sensor 9. The bar fixing device I is installed on the output end of the main shaft of the torque sensor 9.

[0028] In this specific implementation manner, a bearing seat 10 is further fixedly connected to the sliding base 2 and on the side of the torque sensor 9 facing away from the torsion driving motor 5. A transmission shaft concentric with the main shaft of the torque sensor 9 is passed through the bearing seat 10. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 10 through a bearing. The output end of the main shaft of the torque sensor 9 is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission shaft. The bar fixing device I is installed on the output end of the transmission shaft.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, two opposite and parallel guide rails 11 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 corresponding to the position of the sliding base 2. The guide rails 11 extend along the relative direction of the sliding base 2 and the driving base 3. The sliding base 2 is respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails 11. A slide rail 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 corresponding to the position of the anti-rotation seat 4. The extending direction of the slide rail 12 is parallel to the extending direction of the guide rails 11. The slide rail 12 is located inside the extension lines of the two guide rails 11. The anti-rotation seat 4 is slidably connected to the slide rail 12.

[0030] In this specific embodiment, a tension support seat 13 is arranged between the sliding base 2 and the anti-rotation seat 4. The tension support seat 13 is respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails 11. The drawing die 7 is fixedly connected to the tension support seat 13. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the tension support seat 13 through the tension frame 8.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the tension frame 8 includes two parallel tension rods. The tension rods extend along the relative direction of the sliding base 2 and the driving base 3. One ends of the two tension rods facing the tension support seat 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the tension support seat 13. A connecting rod is arranged between the other ends. The connecting rod extends along the relative direction of the two tension rods and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two tension rods. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The projections of the drawing die 7 and the anti-rotation seat 4 in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the bottom plate 1 is located are located inside the projections of the two connecting rods in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the bottom plate 1 is located.

[0032] A drawing-torsion processing method for a gradient structure bar uses the above-mentioned drawing-extrusion-torsion processing device for a gradient structure bar for processing; the sliding base 2 is locked and fixed on the bottom plate 1; a bar with a gradient structure is obtained. The small-diameter end of the bar is passed through the drawing hole in the drawing die 7 from the side of the drawing die 7 where the drawing drive cylinder 6 is located towards the side where the torsion drive motor 5 is located, and then the small-diameter end of the bar is fixedly connected to the drive shaft through the bar fixing device I. Then, the position of the anti-rotation seat 4 is adjusted, and the large-diameter end of the bar is fixedly connected to the anti-rotation seat 4 through the bar fixing device II, and the bar and the drive shaft are coaxial; the torsion drive motor 5 is started to provide torque for the bar, and at the same time, the drawing drive cylinder 6 is started to move the driving rod towards the direction where the drawing drive cylinder 6 is located, and the bar begins to generate drawing-torsion coordinated deformation.

[0033] Figures 2 to 4 For the finite element verification of the drawing-torsion process, Figure 2 For the equivalent stress diagram, the material deformation zone is steady, Figure 3 For the equivalent strain diagram, the deformation is very uniform;Figure 4 It is a velocity diagram. Uniform torsional deformation occurs in the deformation area at the small-diameter end, while only linear following occurs at the large-diameter end. The greatest advantage of this process is that it can continuously produce metal long bars and wire rods with a gradient structure.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] As another implementation manner of the present invention, extrusion-torsion processing can also be performed using the extrusion-torsion processing device for bars with a gradient structure; lock and fix the anti-rotation seat 4 on the bottom plate 1; obtain a bar with a gradient structure, pass the small-diameter end of the bar through the drawing hole in the drawing die 7 from the side where the drawing drive cylinder 6 is located towards the side where the torsion drive motor 5 is located, fix and connect the large-diameter end of the bar to the anti-rotation seat 4 through the bar fixing device II, then adjust the position of the sliding base 2, fix and connect the small-diameter end of the bar to the drive shaft through the bar fixing device I, and make the bar and the drive shaft coaxial; start the torsion drive motor 5 to provide torque for the bar, and at the same time start the drawing drive cylinder 6 to make the drive rod move towards the direction where the drawing drive cylinder 6 is located, and the bar begins to produce extrusion-torsion coordinated deformation.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit. Although the present invention has been described by referring to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for a gradient structure bar, characterized in that: It includes a bottom plate. On the upper surface of the bottom plate, a sliding base and a driving base are arranged at intervals. The sliding base is slidably connected to the bottom plate along the direction opposite to the driving base. A sliding locking device I capable of locking and fixing the sliding base on the bottom plate is also installed on the sliding base. The driving base is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. An anti-rotation seat is arranged between the sliding base and the driving base. The anti-rotation seat is slidably connected to the bottom plate along the direction opposite to the driving base. A sliding locking device II capable of locking and fixing the anti-rotation seat on the bottom plate is also installed on the anti-rotation seat. A torsion driving motor is fixedly connected to the sliding base. A drawing driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the driving base. One end of the driving shaft of the torsion driving motor extending towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located has a center line parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding base. A bar fixing device I is installed at the end of the driving shaft. A bar fixing device II is installed on the anti-rotation seat. A drawing die is arranged between the bar fixing device I and the bar fixing device II. The drawing hole of the drawing die is arranged coaxially with the driving shaft. One end of the drawing driving cylinder extending towards the direction where the torsion driving motor is located has a driving rod capable of telescoping along the direction opposite to the torsion driving motor and the drawing driving cylinder. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the drawing die through a tension bracket.

2. The drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar according to claim 1, wherein: A torque sensor is also fixedly connected to the sliding base. The torque sensor is located on one side of the torsion driving motor towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located. The main shaft of the torque sensor is arranged coaxially with the driving shaft. The driving shaft is in transmission connection with the input end of the main shaft of the torque sensor. The bar fixing device I is installed on the output end of the main shaft of the torque sensor.

3. The drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bearing seat is also fixedly connected to the sliding base and on the side of the torque sensor facing away from the torsion driving motor. A transmission shaft coaxially with the main shaft of the torque sensor is passed through the bearing seat. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through a bearing. The output end of the main shaft of the torque sensor is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission shaft. The bar fixing device I is installed on the output end of the transmission shaft.

4. The drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two opposite and parallel guide rails are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the sliding base. The guide rails extend along the direction opposite to the driving base of the sliding base. The sliding base is respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails. A slide rail is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the anti-rotation seat. The extending direction of the slide rail is parallel to the extending direction of the guide rails. The slide rail is located inside the extension lines of the two guide rails. The anti-rotation seat is slidably connected to the slide rail.

5. The drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar according to claim 4, characterized in that: A tension support seat is arranged between the sliding base and the anti-rotation seat. The tension support seat is respectively slidably connected to the two guide rails. The drawing die is fixedly connected to the tension support seat. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the tension support seat through the tension bracket.

6. The drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pulling frame includes two parallel pulling rods which extend along the direction opposite to the relative direction between the sliding base and the driving base. One ends of the two pulling rods facing the pulling support seat are respectively fixedly connected to the pulling support seat, and a connecting rod is arranged between the other ends. The connecting rod extends along the relative direction of the two pulling rods and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two pulling rods. The driving rod is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The projections of the drawing die and the anti-rotation seat in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the bottom plate is located are located inside the projections of the two connecting rods in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the bottom plate is located.

7. A drawing-torsion processing method for a gradient structure bar, characterized in that: Use the drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar described in claim 1 for processing; lock and fix the sliding base on the bottom plate; obtain a bar with a gradient structure, pass the small-diameter end of the bar from the side of the drawing die where the drawing driving cylinder is located towards the side where the torsion driving motor is located through the drawing hole in the drawing die, and then fixedly connect the small-diameter end of the bar to the driving shaft through the bar fixing device I. Then adjust the position of the anti-rotation seat, fixedly connect the large-diameter end of the bar to the anti-rotation seat through the bar fixing device II, and make the bar and the driving shaft coaxial; start the torsion driving motor to provide torque for the bar, and at the same time start the drawing driving cylinder to make the driving rod move towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located, and the bar begins to produce drawing-torsion coordinated deformation.

8. An extrusion-torsion processing method for a gradient structure bar, characterized in that: Use the drawing extrusion-torsion processing device for the gradient structure bar described in claim 1 for processing; lock and fix the anti-rotation seat on the bottom plate; obtain a bar with a gradient structure, pass the small-diameter end of the bar from the side of the drawing die where the drawing driving cylinder is located towards the side where the torsion driving motor is located through the drawing hole in the drawing die, fixedly connect the large-diameter end of the bar to the anti-rotation seat through the bar fixing device II, then adjust the position of the sliding base, fixedly connect the small-diameter end of the bar to the driving shaft through the bar fixing device I, and make the bar and the driving shaft coaxial; start the torsion driving motor to provide torque for the bar, and at the same time start the drawing driving cylinder to make the driving rod move towards the direction where the drawing driving cylinder is located, and the bar begins to produce extrusion-torsion coordinated deformation.

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