A method and system for emergency early warning of snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for emergency early warning of snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation, belonging to the field of data processing technology. The method includes: acquiring a preset snow cover in a preset area, performing multi-feature acquisition to obtain preset snow cover features; acquiring a preset environment in the preset area, performing multi-feature acquisition to obtain preset environment features; acquiring historical snowmelt runoff information of the preset area and generating a preset runoff map; rendering the preset snow cover features and preset environment features onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow cover model; analyzing weather forecast information to obtain a weather-based snowmelt index; performing snowmelt simulation on the three-dimensional snow cover model to obtain a snowmelt simulation record; obtaining a snowmelt flood risk index and matching it with a risk warning scheme for early warning. This invention solves the problems of insufficient effective early warning for snowmelt flood risks and low reliability of early warning basis in existing technologies, achieving the effect of quantifying risks through model simulation and improving the accuracy of early warnings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, specifically to an emergency early warning method and system for snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation. Background Technology

[0002] my country's high-altitude and cold mountainous areas serve as storage areas for glaciers and snow. On the one hand, seasonal snowmelt provides abundant water resources for local industries, agriculture, and people's lives. On the other hand, the floods caused by snowmelt have caused serious damage to people's lives and agricultural and pastoral production.

[0003] Currently, with the application of new technologies and the iterative updates of geographic information systems, reliable data are provided for studying the hydrological patterns of snow-covered areas. However, due to the numerous factors contributing to snowmelt floods and the complexity of related influencing data, timely and rapid responses to snowmelt risks are impossible, leading to delayed emergency warnings for snowmelt floods and resulting in safety accidents. Existing technologies suffer from a lack of effective early warning for snowmelt flood risks and low reliability of early warning data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a snowmelt flood emergency early warning method and system based on snowmelt simulation, which is used to address the technical problems of existing technologies, such as the lack of effective early warning for snowmelt flood risks and the low reliability of early warning basis.

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides an emergency early warning method and system for snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a snowmelt flood emergency early warning method based on snowmelt simulation, wherein the snowmelt flood early warning method is applied to a snowmelt flood early warning system, the snowmelt flood early warning system is communicatively connected to a weather forecasting platform, and the snowmelt flood early warning method includes:

[0007] Obtain the preset snow cover in the preset area, and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset snow cover to obtain the preset snow cover features;

[0008] Obtain the preset environment of the preset area, and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset environment to obtain the preset environment features;

[0009] Obtain historical snowmelt runoff information for the preset area and generate a preset runoff map;

[0010] The preset snow cover features and the preset environmental features are rendered onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow cover model;

[0011] The weather forecast platform obtains weather forecast information for the preset area within a preset period, and analyzes the weather forecast information to obtain the weather snowmelt index.

[0012] Based on the aforementioned weather snowmelt index, a snowmelt simulation was performed on the three-dimensional snow accumulation model to obtain a snowmelt simulation record.

[0013] The snowmelt flood risk index is obtained by analyzing the snowmelt simulation records, and a risk warning scheme is matched to issue an early warning.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides an emergency early warning system for snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation, the system comprising:

[0015] A snow feature acquisition module is used to acquire a preset snow cover in a preset area and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset snow cover to obtain preset snow cover features.

[0016] An environmental feature acquisition module is used to acquire a preset environment in a preset area and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset environment to obtain preset environmental features.

[0017] A runoff map generation module is used to obtain historical snowmelt runoff information of the preset area and generate a preset runoff map.

[0018] A snow model acquisition module is used to render the preset snow features and the preset environmental features onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow model.

[0019] The snow melting index acquisition module is used to obtain weather forecast information of the preset area within a preset period through a weather forecast platform, and analyze the weather forecast information to obtain the weather snow melting index.

[0020] A simulation record acquisition module is used to perform snow melting simulation on the three-dimensional snow accumulation model according to the weather snow melting index, and obtain snow melting simulation records.

[0021] The risk warning module is used to analyze the snowmelt simulation records to obtain the snowmelt flood risk index and match the risk warning scheme to issue an early warning.

[0022] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0023] This application obtains a preset snow cover in a predetermined area and performs multi-feature collection on the snow cover to obtain preset snow cover features. Then, it obtains a preset environment in the predetermined area and performs multi-feature collection on the environment to obtain preset environmental features. Next, it obtains historical snowmelt runoff information for the predetermined area and generates a preset runoff map. The preset snow cover features and preset environmental features are then rendered onto the preset runoff map to obtain a 3D snow cover model. Finally, a weather forecast platform is used to obtain weather forecast information for the predetermined area within a predetermined period, and the weather forecast information is analyzed to obtain a weather-based snowmelt index. Based on the weather-based snowmelt index, snowmelt simulation is performed on the 3D snow cover model to obtain snowmelt simulation records. These records are then analyzed to obtain a snowmelt flood risk index, and a risk warning scheme is matched to issue a warning. This achieves the technical effect of improving the accuracy and timeliness of snowmelt flood emergency warnings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a snowmelt flood emergency early warning method based on snowmelt simulation is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of constructing a snowmelt runoff database in a snowmelt flood emergency early warning method based on snowmelt simulation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the calculation of the weather snowmelt index in a snowmelt flood emergency early warning method based on snowmelt simulation provided in this application embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a snowmelt flood emergency early warning system based on snowmelt simulation, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure labeling: Snow cover feature acquisition module 11, environmental feature acquisition module 12, runoff map generation module 13, snow cover model acquisition module 14, snow melt index acquisition module 15, simulation record acquisition module 16, risk warning module 17. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This application provides an emergency early warning method for snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation, which addresses the technical problems in existing technologies such as the lack of effective early warning for snowmelt flood risks and the low reliability of early warning basis.

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or server that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an emergency early warning method for snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation. The method is applied to a snowmelt flood early warning system, which is communicatively connected to a weather forecasting platform. The method includes:

[0035] Step S100: Obtain the preset snow cover in the preset area, and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset snow cover to obtain the preset snow cover features;

[0036] Specifically, due to the impacts of climate change and human activities, high-latitude western regions are often affected by floods caused by seasonal snowmelt. To provide reliable early warnings of snowmelt floods, this application simulates the snowmelt process in a pre-defined area to predict the risk of such floods. The aforementioned weather forecasting platform utilizes scientific technology to predict the state of the Earth's atmosphere at any location, thereby providing weather information for production and daily life.

[0037] Specifically, the preset area is any area pre-defined as having a potential risk of snowmelt flooding, mostly high-altitude mountainous regions. The preset snow cover is obtained by collecting and summarizing information on glaciers and snow cover in the preset area, reflecting the degree of snow accumulation in the region. Preferably, the preset snow cover is obtained by acquiring the natural geography and climate conditions of the preset area, retrieving snow cover records, and capturing images of the snow cover in the preset area using a camera device, and then extracting the snow cover shape from the image acquisition results. By collecting features from the preset snow cover from multiple dimensions, features that can specifically describe the preset snow cover are obtained, namely, the preset snow cover features. The preset snow cover features include snow age, snow particle size, etc. Snow age is the length of time it has taken for snow to form in the preset area. Snow particle size refers to the diameter of snow particles in the preset area. By acquiring the preset snow cover features in the preset area, reliable analytical data is provided for subsequent analysis of the formation of snowmelt floods, thus defining the object of analysis.

[0038] Step S200: Obtain the preset environment of the preset area, and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset environment to obtain the preset environment features;

[0039] Specifically, the preset environment refers to determining the geographical location of the preset area, and based on the set geographical location, multiple features are collected according to the geographical environment. The multiple feature collection involves collecting data on the preset environment from two dimensions: topography and slope aspect, thereby obtaining the preset environment features. The preset environment features include topographic features and slope aspect features. The topographic features describe the geological features of the preset environment, including the distribution of elevation zones and watershed elevation. The slope aspect features describe the slope aspects of the preset environment at different elevation zones, including north-south, south-south, and east-west directions. Preferably, a watershed slope aspect map is obtained based on the preset environment data, thereby classifying the slope aspects. For example, slope aspects 0°–45° and 315°–360° are assigned a value of 2, defined as north; slope aspects 45°–135° and 225°–315° are assigned a value of 1, defined as east-west; and slope aspects 135°–225° are assigned a value of 3, defined as south, thus obtaining three slope aspects: east-west, north, and south. By collecting multiple features of the preset environment, a reliable basis can be provided for subsequent analysis of the glacier area and determination of snowmelt in the preset region.

[0040] Step S300: Obtain historical snowmelt runoff information for the preset area and generate a preset runoff map;

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, step S300, which involves obtaining historical snowmelt runoff information for the preset area and generating a preset runoff map, further includes:

[0042] Step S310: Obtain the first snowmelt information of the first snowmelt in the historical snowmelt runoff information, wherein the first snowmelt information includes the first snow accumulation characteristic and the first weather snowmelt index;

[0043] Step S320: Obtain the first runoff information of the first snowmelt and generate the first runoff map of the first runoff information;

[0044] Step S330: Construct a snowmelt runoff database based on the mapping relationship between the first snow accumulation characteristics, the first weather snowmelt index, and the first runoff map;

[0045] Step S340: Obtain the preset runoff map based on the snowmelt runoff database.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, step S320 of obtaining the first runoff information of the first snowmelt and generating the first runoff map of the first runoff information further includes:

[0047] Step S321: The first runoff information includes the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume;

[0048] Step S322: Wherein, there is a mapping relationship between the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume;

[0049] Step S323: Generate a first runoff map based on the first runoff route;

[0050] Step S324: Based on the first runoff velocity and the first runoff volume and their mapping relationship, render the first runoff map to obtain the first runoff map.

[0051] Specifically, the historical snowmelt runoff information describes the flow direction of water after snowmelt in the preset area over a historical period. The preset runoff map is a visualization of the runoff direction after snowmelt in the preset area, based on the analysis of runoff direction during historical snowmelt processes. The first snowmelt is any selected snowmelt event from the historical snowmelt runoff information. The first snowmelt information is obtained by collecting and summarizing snowmelt records in the preset area at the time of the first snowmelt, including a first snow accumulation characteristic and a first weather snowmelt index. The first snow accumulation characteristic describes the characteristics of the snow particles in the first snowmelt, including snow age and snow particle size. The first weather snowmelt index is an index obtained by comprehensively analyzing the weather conditions at the time of the first snowmelt, reflecting the weather indicators of the preset area at the time of the first snowmelt.

[0052] Specifically, by extracting the first runoff information of the first snowmelt based on historical snowmelt runoff information, a first runoff map is obtained, depicting the runoff path of the first snowmelt. The first runoff information includes the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume. The first runoff route is the trajectory of the water flowing from a higher elevation to a lower elevation within a preset area after the snowmelt. The first runoff velocity is the distance the water travels per unit time within the preset area. The first runoff volume is the water flow rate across a cross section per unit time. Due to topographical influences, the velocity and volume of the runoff vary at different locations within the preset area. Therefore, by establishing a mapping relationship between the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume, the runoff situation of the first snowmelt can be reliably identified. Based on the first runoff route, the first runoff map is generated according to the starting point of the route. Then, the first runoff map is rendered based on the mapping relationship between the first runoff velocity, the first runoff volume, and the first runoff route. Preferably, the rendering color of the first runoff velocity is different from the rendering color of the first runoff volume on the map, thus obtaining the first runoff map. The runoff situation of the first snowmelt can be clearly obtained through the first runoff map.

[0053] Specifically, a snowmelt runoff database is established to record snowmelt runoff within a preset area, based on the mapping relationship between the first snow accumulation characteristic, the first weather snowmelt index, and the first runoff map. Historical snowmelt runoff information within the preset area is analyzed one by one to obtain multiple runoff maps, thereby enriching the snowmelt runoff database. Based on the information in the snowmelt runoff database, and using preset snow accumulation characteristics and preset environmental characteristics of the preset area, a preset runoff map is obtained. This preset runoff map reflects the runoff situation after snowmelt within the preset area under preset environmental conditions.

[0054] Step S400: Render the preset snow cover features and the preset environmental features onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow cover model;

[0055] Specifically, the three-dimensional snow model is obtained by rendering the snow age and snow particles in the preset snow cover features into the preset runoff map using different colors, and then fusing them with the runoff information in the preset runoff map based on the terrain and aspect in the preset environmental features. This three-dimensional snow model can reflect the aspect runoff conditions at different elevation zones and provide a three-dimensional display, achieving the technical effect of visually simulating the snow cover conditions of a preset area.

[0056] Step S500: Obtain weather forecast information for the preset area within a preset period through the weather forecast platform, and analyze the weather forecast information to obtain the weather snow melting index;

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the step S500 of this application embodiment, which involves obtaining weather forecast information for the preset area within a preset period through the weather forecast platform and analyzing the weather forecast information to obtain the snowmelt index, further includes:

[0058] Step S510: The weather forecast information includes predicted solar altitude, predicted light intensity, predicted temperature, predicted precipitation, predicted wind speed, and predicted specific humidity;

[0059] Step S520: Obtain a first weather threshold, wherein the first weather threshold includes a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, a fourth threshold, a fifth threshold, and a sixth threshold;

[0060] Step S530: Wherein, there is a corresponding relationship between the predicted solar altitude and the first threshold, the predicted light intensity and the second threshold, the predicted temperature and the third threshold, the predicted precipitation and the fourth threshold, the predicted wind speed and the fifth threshold, and the predicted specific humidity and the fifth threshold;

[0061] Step S540: Determine whether the weather forecast information meets the first weather threshold, and obtain a first determination result;

[0062] Step S550: Calculate the weather snow melting index based on the first judgment result.

[0063] Specifically, the weather forecast information is obtained by predicting weather changes in the preset area within a preset period, including predicted solar altitude, predicted light intensity, predicted temperature, predicted precipitation, predicted wind speed, and predicted specific humidity. This weather forecast information, obtained through the weather forecast platform, serves as the basis for determining whether a warning for snowmelt floods is necessary. The first weather threshold is a range of values ​​that limit extreme weather conditions in the preset area within the preset period, including a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, a fourth threshold, a fifth threshold, and a sixth threshold. By establishing a correspondence between the forecast information and the thresholds, the foundation for obtaining the weather-based snowmelt index is laid.

[0064] Specifically, by determining whether the predicted solar altitude in the weather forecast information meets a first threshold, it is possible to determine whether the solar altitude in the preset area within a preset period reaches extreme weather conditions, and this result serves as the first judgment result. This first judgment result is obtained by assessing the weather conditions of the preset area from the perspective of solar altitude. Furthermore, based on the first judgment result, a weather snowmelt index is calculated. This weather snowmelt index is a quantitative reflection of the risk of snow and ice melting and forming snowmelt floods within the preset area.

[0065] Furthermore, in the step S500 of this application embodiment, calculating the weather snowmelt index based on the first judgment result further includes:

[0066] Step S560: Extract the first result from the first judgment result, wherein the first result refers to the result obtained by judging whether the predicted solar altitude meets the first threshold;

[0067] Step S570: If the first result does not meet the requirements, call the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme to generate the first snow melting index; if the result meets the requirements, record the first snow melting index as 0.

[0068] Step S580: Based on the first snow melting index, the weather snow melting index is accumulated.

[0069] Furthermore, before generating the first snow melt index by invoking a preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme based on the first result if it does not meet the requirements, step S570 of this application embodiment further includes:

[0070] Step S571: Obtain historical snow melt records for the preset area;

[0071] Step S572: Extract the first record from the historical snowmelt records, wherein the first record includes the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt water outflow rate;

[0072] Step S573: Calculate the first correlation index between the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt outflow rate;

[0073] Step S574: Obtain the preset correlation index - snow melt risk list, and match the first snow melt risk level of the first correlation index;

[0074] Step S575: Use the first correlation index, the first snow melt risk level and their mapping relationship as the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme.

[0075] Specifically, when the first result is a predicted solar altitude that does not meet a first threshold, the first snowmelt index is obtained by retrieving the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme from the risk assessment scheme database. This preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme is based on big data technology, using solar altitude risk assessment as an index to search data and assess the risk of snowmelt floods caused by solar altitude. Preferably, the scheme obtained from the search is modified based on the experience of the staff. The first snowmelt index is a risk assessment value obtained based on the solar altitude. If it meets the threshold, it indicates that the predicted solar altitude will not cause snowmelt floods; therefore, the corresponding first snowmelt index is set to 0. The same steps are used to calculate the corresponding snowmelt indexes for predicted light intensity, predicted temperature, predicted precipitation, predicted wind speed, and predicted specific humidity. The obtained snowmelt indices are accumulated to obtain a quantitative assessment value of the impact of weather on snowmelt flood formation within a preset period, i.e., the weather snowmelt index.

[0076] Specifically, the historical snowmelt record is data recording the snowmelt situation in the preset area over a historical period, including data such as solar altitude, snowmelt water outflow rate, wind speed, and temperature. The first record is the record information corresponding to any snowmelt process in the historical snowmelt record, including the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt water outflow rate. The solar altitude affects the amount of heat received by the snow and ice in the preset area. The higher the solar altitude, the farther the sun is from the snow and ice, and the less heat the snow and ice receive. This results in less melting snow and ice, a slower melting rate, and therefore a lower outflow rate of the first snowmelt water. By analyzing the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt water outflow rate, a correlation index can be obtained between the two, i.e., the first correlation index. Preferably, the higher the first correlation index, the higher the snowmelt water outflow rate, the more likely it is to cause snowmelt floods, and the higher the corresponding snowmelt risk level. Therefore, by using the preset correlation index-snowmelt risk list, the first correlation index can be used as an index to match risk levels and obtain the first snowmelt risk level. The first snowmelt risk level is obtained by assessing the risk of snowmelt floods caused by solar altitude. Furthermore, the first correlation index, the first snowmelt risk level, and their mapping relationship are set as a scheme for assessing the risk of solar altitude, i.e., the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme.

[0077] Step S600: Perform snow melting simulation on the three-dimensional snow accumulation model according to the weather snow melting index to obtain snow melting simulation records;

[0078] Specifically, by adjusting the model parameters using the weather-based snowmelt index, a snowmelt simulation is performed on a three-dimensional snow model. The model simulates snow and ice melting in a preset area under the weather conditions corresponding to the weather-based snowmelt index. The changing parameters in the model are collected and recorded to obtain the snowmelt simulation record. This snowmelt simulation record is obtained by recording the runoff information from the snowmelt melting. By extracting the snowmelt water outflow from the snowmelt simulation record, it is determined whether it exceeds the maximum runoff capacity under the terrain and slope aspect corresponding to the three-dimensional snow model. If it does, it indicates that the snowmelt water volume is too large, posing a risk of snowmelt flooding, and requiring an early warning to staff.

[0079] Step S700: Analyze the snowmelt simulation records to obtain the snowmelt flood risk index, and match the risk warning scheme to issue an early warning.

[0080] Furthermore, the analysis of the snowmelt simulation records yields a snowmelt flood risk index, and a risk warning scheme is matched for early warning. In this embodiment, step S700 further includes:

[0081] Step S710: Obtain the first outflow rate at the first moment in the snow melting simulation record;

[0082] Step S720: Calculate the first runoff based on the first outflow rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

[0083] F=f-α*f-β*f

[0084] Wherein, F refers to the first runoff volume, f refers to the first outflow volume, α refers to the outflow evaporation coefficient, and β refers to the outflow wetting coefficient;

[0085] Step S730: Obtain the preset runoff volume and determine whether the first runoff volume meets the preset runoff volume;

[0086] Step S740: If the condition is not met, subtract the first runoff volume from the preset runoff volume to obtain the first excess flow rate;

[0087] Step S750: Match the first snowmelt flood risk index with the first excess flow.

[0088] Specifically, the first time point refers to any point in time during the snowmelt simulation. The first outflow rate is the outflow of snowmelt water from the snow and ice within the preset area at the first time point during the snowmelt simulation. The actual runoff rate of the snowmelt water is calculated by considering the evaporation and infiltration of the snowmelt water during its flow, according to the runoff calculation formula. The outflow evaporation coefficient is the rate at which the snowmelt water evaporates within the first time point. The outflow infiltration coefficient is the rate at which the snowmelt water infiltrates the ground within the first time point. The preset runoff rate is the maximum runoff capacity that will not cause a snowmelt flood, determined based on the topography and slope of the preset area. When the first runoff rate does not meet the preset runoff rate, it indicates a risk of causing a snowmelt flood. The first excess flow rate is obtained by subtracting the first runoff rate from the preset runoff rate. The first excess flow rate represents the snowmelt water flow rate exceeding the capacity of the preset area. Based on the magnitude of the excess, a corresponding risk value can be assigned, namely the first snowmelt flood risk index.

[0089] Specifically, by assessing the risk of snowmelt floods at multiple times in the snowmelt simulation records, multiple snowmelt flood risk indices are obtained. Preferably, these multiple snowmelt flood risk indices are averaged to obtain the final snowmelt flood risk index. Based on the magnitude of the snowmelt flood risk index, a corresponding risk warning scheme is matched. The risk warning scheme is used to provide early warning of the consequences caused by snowmelt floods.

[0090] In summary, the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0091] This application collects environmental and snow cover information from a pre-defined area to provide data support for the formation of a 3D snow cover model. Then, by acquiring historical snowmelt runoff data within the pre-defined area, the 3D snow cover model is rendered based on the analysis results. Next, based on real-time weather forecasts from a weather prediction platform, a weather-based snowmelt index is obtained to determine the impact of weather on snowmelt flood risk. This index is then used to simulate snowmelt in the 3D snow cover model, resulting in a snowmelt flood risk index. Finally, a risk warning scheme is matched and issued based on this snowmelt flood risk index. This achieves the technical effect of improving the accuracy of snowmelt flood risk warnings and reliably analyzing snowmelt flood risks through snowmelt simulation.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] Based on the same inventive concept as the snowmelt flood emergency early warning method based on snowmelt simulation in the foregoing embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, this application provides an emergency early warning system for snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation. The system and method embodiments in this application are based on the same inventive concept. The system includes:

[0094] Snow feature acquisition module 11 is used to acquire preset snow in a preset area and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset snow to obtain preset snow features;

[0095] The environmental feature acquisition module 12 is used to acquire a preset environment of a preset area and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset environment to obtain preset environmental features.

[0096] Runoff map generation module 13 is used to obtain historical snowmelt runoff information of the preset area and generate a preset runoff map;

[0097] Snow model acquisition module 14 is used to render the preset snow features and the preset environmental features onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow model.

[0098] Snowmelt index acquisition module 15 is used to obtain weather forecast information of the preset area within a preset period through the weather forecast platform, and analyze the weather forecast information to obtain the weather snowmelt index.

[0099] The simulation record acquisition module 16 is used to perform snow melting simulation on the three-dimensional snow accumulation model according to the weather snow melting index, and obtain snow melting simulation records.

[0100] Risk warning module 17 is used to analyze the snowmelt simulation records to obtain the snowmelt flood risk index and match the risk warning scheme to issue a warning.

[0101] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0102] The first snowmelt information acquisition unit is used to acquire the first snowmelt information of the first snowmelt in the historical snowmelt runoff information, wherein the first snowmelt information includes the first snow accumulation characteristic and the first weather snowmelt index.

[0103] The first runoff map generation unit is used to obtain the first runoff information of the first snowmelt and generate a first runoff map of the first runoff information.

[0104] A runoff database construction unit is used to construct a snowmelt runoff database based on the mapping relationship between the first snow accumulation characteristics, the first weather snowmelt index and the first runoff map.

[0105] A preset runoff map acquisition unit is used to obtain the preset runoff map based on the snowmelt runoff database.

[0106] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0107] A runoff information setting unit, wherein the runoff information setting unit is used to set the first runoff information including a first runoff route, a first runoff velocity, and a first runoff volume;

[0108] A mapping relationship setting unit is used to set a mapping relationship between the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume.

[0109] A first runoff map generation unit is used to generate a first runoff map based on the first runoff route.

[0110] A runoff map rendering and generation unit is used to render the first runoff map to obtain the first runoff map based on the first runoff velocity and the first runoff flow rate and their mapping relationship.

[0111] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0112] A weather forecast information setting unit is used for weather forecast information including predicted solar altitude, predicted light intensity, predicted temperature, predicted precipitation, predicted wind speed, and predicted specific humidity.

[0113] A weather threshold acquisition unit is used to acquire a first weather threshold, wherein the first weather threshold includes a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, a fourth threshold, a fifth threshold, and a sixth threshold;

[0114] The correspondence setting unit is used to set correspondences between the predicted solar altitude and the first threshold, the predicted light intensity and the second threshold, the predicted temperature and the third threshold, the predicted precipitation and the fourth threshold, the predicted wind speed and the fifth threshold, and the predicted specific humidity and the fifth threshold.

[0115] The first judgment result obtaining unit is used to determine whether the weather forecast information meets the first weather threshold and obtain the first judgment result.

[0116] A weather snowmelt index calculation unit is used to calculate the weather snowmelt index based on the first judgment result.

[0117] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0118] The first result extraction unit is used to extract the first result from the first judgment result, wherein the first result refers to the result obtained by judging whether the predicted solar altitude meets the first threshold.

[0119] An assessment scheme invocation unit is used to, based on the first result, if not in compliance, invoke a preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme to generate a first snow melting index; if in compliance, record the first snow melting index as 0.

[0120] An index accumulation calculation unit is used to accumulate the weather snow melting index based on the first snow melting index.

[0121] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0122] A snow melting record acquisition unit is used to acquire historical snow melting records of the preset area;

[0123] The first record extraction unit is used to extract the first record from the historical snow melting records, wherein the first record includes the first solar altitude and the first snow melting water outflow rate;

[0124] The first correlation index calculation unit is used to calculate the first correlation index between the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt outflow rate.

[0125] A risk level matching unit is used to obtain a preset correlation index-snow melt risk list and match the first snow melt risk level of the first correlation index.

[0126] A preset assessment scheme setting unit is used to set the first correlation index, the first snow melt risk level and their mapping relationship as the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme.

[0127] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0128] The first outflow acquisition unit is used to acquire the first outflow in the first time of the snow melting simulation record;

[0129] A runoff calculation unit is used to calculate a first runoff based on the first outflow, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

[0130] F=f-α*f-β*f

[0131] Wherein, F refers to the first runoff volume, f refers to the first outflow volume, α refers to the outflow evaporation coefficient, and β refers to the outflow wetting coefficient;

[0132] The first runoff volume determination unit is used to obtain a preset runoff volume and determine whether the first runoff volume meets the preset runoff volume.

[0133] The first excess flow rate obtaining unit is used to calculate the first excess flow rate by subtracting the first flow rate from the preset flow rate if the condition is not met.

[0134] A risk index matching unit is used to match the first snowmelt flood risk index of the first excess flow.

[0135] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, specific embodiments have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps described in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Additionally, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0136] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0137] This specification and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of this application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Therefore, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application intends to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for emergency early warning of snowmelt floods based on snowmelt simulation, characterized in that, The snowmelt flood early warning method is applied to a snowmelt flood early warning system, which is communicatively connected to a weather forecasting platform. The snowmelt flood early warning method includes: Obtain the preset snow cover in the preset area, and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset snow cover to obtain the preset snow cover features; Obtain the preset environment of the preset area, and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset environment to obtain the preset environment features; Obtain historical snowmelt runoff information for the preset area and generate a preset runoff map; The preset snow cover features and the preset environmental features are rendered onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow cover model. The weather forecast platform obtains weather forecast information for the preset area within a preset period, and analyzes the weather forecast information to obtain the weather snowmelt index. Based on the aforementioned weather snowmelt index, a snowmelt simulation was performed on the three-dimensional snow accumulation model to obtain a snowmelt simulation record. The snowmelt flood risk index is obtained by analyzing the snowmelt simulation records, and a risk warning scheme is matched to issue an early warning. The step of obtaining historical snowmelt runoff information for the preset area and generating a preset runoff map includes: Obtain the first snowmelt information of the first snowmelt in the historical snowmelt runoff information, wherein the first snowmelt information includes the first snow accumulation characteristic and the first weather snowmelt index; Obtain the first runoff information of the first snowmelt and generate the first runoff map of the first runoff information; Based on the mapping relationship between the first snow accumulation characteristics, the first weather snowmelt index and the first runoff map, a snowmelt runoff database is constructed. The preset runoff map is obtained based on the snowmelt runoff database.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the first runoff information of the first snowmelt and generating the first runoff map of the first runoff information includes: The first runoff information includes the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume; There is a mapping relationship between the first runoff route, the first runoff velocity, and the first runoff volume. A first runoff map is generated based on the first runoff route; Based on the first runoff velocity and the first runoff volume and their mapping relationship, the first runoff map is rendered to obtain the first runoff map.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining weather forecast information for the preset area within a preset period through the weather forecast platform and analyzing the weather forecast information to obtain a snowmelt index includes: The weather forecast information includes predicted solar altitude, predicted light intensity, predicted temperature, predicted precipitation, predicted wind speed, and predicted specific humidity. Obtain a first weather threshold, wherein the first weather threshold includes a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, a fourth threshold, a fifth threshold, and a sixth threshold; Among them, there is a corresponding relationship between the predicted solar altitude and the first threshold, the predicted light intensity and the second threshold, the predicted temperature and the third threshold, the predicted precipitation and the fourth threshold, the predicted wind speed and the fifth threshold, and the predicted specific humidity and the sixth threshold; Determine whether the weather forecast information meets the first weather threshold to obtain a first determination result; Based on the first judgment result, the weather snow melting index is calculated.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of calculating the weather snowmelt index based on the first judgment result includes: Extract the first result from the first judgment result, wherein the first result refers to the result obtained by judging whether the predicted solar altitude meets the first threshold; Based on the first result, if it does not meet the requirements, the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme is invoked to generate the first snow melting index; if it meets the requirements, the first snow melting index is recorded as 0. Based on the first snow melting index, the weather snow melting index is obtained by summing them up.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before generating the first snow melt index by invoking a preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme if the first result is not met, the following steps are included: Obtain historical snow melt records for the preset area; Extract the first record from the historical snowmelt records, wherein the first record includes the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt water outflow rate; Calculate the first correlation index between the first solar altitude and the first snowmelt outflow rate; Obtain the preset correlation index-snow melt risk list and match the first snow melt risk level of the first correlation index; The first correlation index, the first snow melting risk level, and their mapping relationship are used as the preset solar altitude risk assessment scheme.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis of the snowmelt simulation records yields a snowmelt flood risk index, which is then matched with a risk warning scheme for early warning, including: Obtain the first outflow rate at the first moment in the snow melting simulation record; The first runoff volume is calculated based on the first outflow volume, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: Wherein, F refers to the first runoff volume, f refers to the first outflow volume, α refers to the outflow evaporation coefficient, and β refers to the outflow wetting coefficient; Obtain a preset runoff volume and determine whether the first runoff volume meets the preset runoff volume. If the condition is not met, the first excess flow rate is calculated by subtracting the preset flow rate from the first flow rate. Match the first snowmelt flood risk index with the first excess flow.

7. A snowmelt flood emergency early warning system based on snowmelt simulation, characterized in that, The system includes: A snow feature acquisition module is used to acquire a preset snow cover in a preset area and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset snow cover to obtain preset snow cover features. An environmental feature acquisition module is used to acquire a preset environment of a preset area and perform multi-feature acquisition on the preset environment to obtain preset environmental features. A runoff map generation module is used to obtain historical snowmelt runoff information of the preset area and generate a preset runoff map. A snow model acquisition module is used to render the preset snow features and the preset environmental features onto the preset runoff map to obtain a three-dimensional snow model. The snow melting index acquisition module is used to obtain weather forecast information of the preset area within a preset period through a weather forecast platform, and analyze the weather forecast information to obtain the weather snow melting index. A simulation record acquisition module is used to perform snow melting simulation on the three-dimensional snow accumulation model according to the weather snow melting index, and obtain snow melting simulation records. The risk warning module is used to analyze the snowmelt simulation records to obtain the snowmelt flood risk index and match the risk warning scheme to issue an early warning. Furthermore, the system also includes: The first snowmelt information acquisition unit is used to acquire the first snowmelt information of the first snowmelt in the historical snowmelt runoff information, wherein the first snowmelt information includes the first snow accumulation characteristic and the first weather snowmelt index. The first runoff map generation unit is used to obtain the first runoff information of the first snowmelt and generate a first runoff map of the first runoff information. A runoff database construction unit is used to construct a snowmelt runoff database based on the mapping relationship between the first snow accumulation characteristics, the first weather snowmelt index and the first runoff map. A preset runoff map acquisition unit is used to obtain the preset runoff map based on the snowmelt runoff database.

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