Combustor liner and gas turbine

Abstract

The present invention proposes a combustion chamber flame sleeve and a gas turbine. The combustion chamber flame sleeve of the present invention comprises: a cylinder, the cylinder having a combustion chamber and an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the combustion chamber, the air inlet and the air outlet being located on both sides of the cylinder in a first direction, the first direction being consistent with the axial direction of the cylinder, the outer surface of the cylinder having a cooling hole, and cooling gas can pass into the combustion chamber through the cooling hole; a windshield, the windshield is arranged in the combustion chamber and defines a cooling groove with the wall of the combustion chamber, the opening of the cooling groove is toward the air outlet in the first direction, the cooling hole is connected to the cooling groove, and the windshield and the cooling hole are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the cylinder. Therefore, the combustion chamber flame sleeve according to the present invention has the advantage of a long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, and in particular to a combustion chamber flame tube and a gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] As the power and efficiency of modern heavy-duty gas turbines continue to increase, the temperatures experienced by combustor flame tubes are also increasing. The harsh high-temperature operating environment of the flame tube requires even higher heat resistance requirements. In the prior art, improving the heat resistance of the flame tube by simply improving the alloy material itself is difficult, resulting in poor heat resistance in the combustor flame tube. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a combustor flame liner and a gas turbine.

[0004] The combustion chamber flame tube of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0005] a cylinder, the cylinder having a combustion chamber and an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the combustion chamber, the air inlet and the air outlet being located on opposite sides of the cylinder in a first direction, the first direction being consistent with the axial direction of the cylinder, the outer surface of the cylinder having cooling holes, through which cooling gas can flow into the combustion chamber;

[0006] A wind shield is provided in the gas chamber and defines a cooling groove with the wall of the gas chamber, the opening of the cooling groove is toward the air outlet in a first direction, the cooling hole is connected to the cooling groove, and the wind shield and the cooling hole are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction of the cylinder.

[0007] Therefore, the combustion chamber flame sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of long service life.

[0008] In some embodiments, the windshield is annular, the axial direction of the windshield is the first direction, and the side of the windshield away from the gas outlet in the first direction is connected to the wall of the gas chamber through an annular connecting plate, and the windshield and the wall of the gas chamber define the annular cooling groove;

[0009] There are a plurality of cooling holes, which are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, and outlets of the plurality of cooling holes face the wind shield.

[0010] In some embodiments, a spoiler is provided on the wall of the gas chamber, and the spoiler is located between the cooling groove and the air outlet in the first direction. The spoiler is adjacent to the opening of the cooling groove in the first direction, and the cooling hole is adjacent to the air outlet in the first direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple spoilers, and the spoilers are arranged on the wall of the gas chamber at intervals along the circumferential direction;

[0012] The spoiler is plate-shaped, and an extending direction of the spoiler forms an angle with the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the angle between the extension direction of the spoiler and the first direction is greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 40°;

[0014] The distance between the spoiler and the cooling hole in the first direction is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than 5 mm;

[0015] The ratio of the diameter of the cooling hole to the size of the spoiler in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 1 / 2, and the ratio of the diameter of the cooling hole to the size of the spoiler in its extending direction is greater than or equal to 1 / 5.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cooling hole is a circular hole, and the diameter of the cooling hole is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm;

[0017] The size of the spoiler in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm, and the size of the spoiler in its extension direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm;

[0018] The size of the windshield in the first direction is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm;

[0019] The distance between the wind shield and the wall surface of the combustion chamber in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the plurality of spoilers form a plurality of spoiler ring groups, each spoiler ring group includes a plurality of spoilers arranged along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of spoiler ring groups are arranged at intervals in the first direction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the distance between the cooling hole and the air outlet in the first direction is greater than 130 mm and less than or equal to 180 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cylinder includes a first section, a second section, and a third section connected in sequence, one end of the first section has the air inlet, one end of the third section has the air outlet, the inner diameter of the third section is smaller than the inner diameter of the first section, and the cooling hole is opened on the third section.

[0023] The present invention also provides a gas turbine comprising the above-mentioned combustion chamber flame tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 4 is a perspective view of a combustion chamber flame tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a side view of a combustion chamber flame sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the third section of the cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a spoiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a spoiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] Combustion chamber flame tube 100;

[0031] Cylinder 1, first section 101, second section 102, third section 103, combustion chamber 11, air inlet 12, air outlet 13, cooling hole 14;

[0032] Windshield 2, cooling slot 21;

[0033] Spoiler 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] The following describes the combustion chamber flame tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the combustion chamber flame tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tube body 1 and a wind shield 2.

[0036] The cylinder 1 has a combustion chamber 11, and an air inlet 12 and an air outlet 13 communicating with the combustion chamber 11. The air inlet 12 and the air outlet 13 are located on either side of the cylinder 1 in a first direction, which is aligned with the axial direction of the cylinder 1. The outer surface of the cylinder 1 has cooling holes 14, through which cooling gas can flow into the combustion chamber 11.

[0037] Windshield 2 is disposed within combustion chamber 11 and defines a cooling groove 21 with the wall of combustion chamber 11. Cooling groove 21 opens in a first direction toward gas outlet 13. Cooling hole 14 communicates with cooling groove 21. Windshield 2 and cooling hole 14 are disposed radially opposite each other in cylinder 1.

[0038] The combustion chamber flame tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention features cooling holes 14 on the outer surface of the barrel 1, allowing cooling gas to flow into the combustion chamber 11 through the cooling holes 14. The cooling holes 14 are connected to the cooling grooves 21, allowing the cooling gas to enter the cooling grooves 21. Specifically, the cooling gas entering the cooling chamber 11 is blocked and directed by the windshield 2, allowing the cooling gas to move from the outlet of the cooling grooves 21 toward the gas outlet 13. As the cooling gas moves from the cooling grooves 21 to the gas outlet 13, its direction of movement aligns with the gas outlet direction within the combustion chamber 11, thereby minimizing the impact on fuel combustion within the combustion chamber 11. During this process, the cooling gas exchanges heat with the wall surface of the first portion of the barrel 1 (between the cooling holes 14 and the gas outlet), directly lowering the temperature of the first portion. The first portion then exchanges heat with other portions of the barrel 1, lowering the overall temperature of the barrel 1 and reducing the risk of ablation failures within the barrel 1. The cooling gas lowers the temperature of the barrel 1, thereby increasing its service life. The structure is simple and the manufacturing process is easy.

[0039] Therefore, the combustion chamber flame sleeve 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of a long service life.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the combustion chamber flame tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a tube body 1 and a wind shield 2.

[0041] The cylinder 1 has a combustion chamber 11 and an air inlet 12 and an air outlet 13 connected to the combustion chamber 11. The air inlet 12 and the air outlet 13 are located on both sides of the cylinder 1 in a first direction, and the first direction is consistent with the axial direction of the cylinder 1. The outer surface of the cylinder 1 has cooling holes 14, through which cooling gas can be passed into the combustion chamber 11. Specifically, after the fuel enters the combustion chamber 11 through the air inlet 12 and burns, the high-temperature gas is discharged from the combustion chamber 11 through the air outlet 13. The cooling holes 14 are adjacent to the air outlet 13 in the first direction, thereby reducing the impact of the cooling gas on the fuel combustion. The first direction can be the front-to-back direction, which is indicated by the arrows in the figure. For example, the extension direction of the cylinder 1 is the front-to-back direction, and the air inlet 12 is located in front of the air outlet 13.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the barrel 1 includes a first section 101, a second section 102, and a third section 103, which are connected in sequence. The first section 101 has an air inlet 12 at one end, and the third section 103 has an air outlet 13 at one end. The second section 102 is a diameter-reducing section. Both the first section 101 and the third section 103 extend in a first direction. The inner diameter of the third section 103 is smaller than that of the first section 101. The cooling holes 14 are provided in the third section 103. For example, the first section 101, the second section 102, and the third section 103 are connected in sequence from front to back.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, there are multiple cooling holes 14, which are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer circumference of the barrel 1, and the outlets of the multiple cooling holes 14 face the windshield 2. For example, the multiple cooling holes 14 are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer circumference of the third section 103.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling hole 14 is a circular hole, and the diameter of the cooling hole 14 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. For example, the diameter of the cooling hole 14 is 3 mm.

[0045] In some embodiments, the distance between the cooling hole 14 and the air outlet 13 in the first direction is greater than 130 mm and less than or equal to 180 mm. This allows the cooling hole 14 to be closer to the air outlet 13, thereby preventing the cooling gas from affecting the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber and allowing the cylinder 1 to be cooled. For example, the distance between the cooling hole 14 and the air outlet 13 in the front-to-back direction is 150 mm.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the windshield 2 is disposed within the combustion chamber 11 and defines a cooling groove 21 with the wall of the combustion chamber 11. The opening of the cooling groove 21 is oriented in a first direction toward the gas outlet 13. The cooling hole 14 is connected to the cooling groove 21. The windshield 2 and the cooling hole 14 are disposed opposite each other in the radial direction of the barrel 1. For example, the opening of the cooling groove 21 is oriented toward the rear.

[0047] In some embodiments, the windshield 2 is annular, and the axial direction of the windshield 2 is a first direction, that is, the windshield 2 extends along the first direction. The side of the windshield 2 away from the gas outlet 13 in the first direction is connected to the wall of the gas chamber 11 via an annular connecting plate. The windshield 2 and the wall of the gas chamber 11 define an annular cooling groove 21. In other words, the cooling groove 21 is annular and its outlet faces the gas outlet 13, so that the cooling gas entering the cooling groove 21 can be blocked and guided by the windshield 2. For example, the annular windshield 2 extends in the front-to-back direction, and the front side of the windshield 2 is connected to the wall of the gas chamber 11.

[0048] In some embodiments, the dimension of the windshield 2 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm, and the distance between the windshield 2 and the wall of the combustion chamber 11 in the radial direction of the cylinder 1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. For example, the dimension of the windshield 2 in the first direction is 12 mm, and the distance between the windshield 2 and the wall of the combustion chamber 11 in the radial direction of the cylinder 1 is 1.5 mm.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, in some embodiments, a spoiler 3 is provided on the wall of the combustion chamber 11. The spoiler 3 is located between the cooling groove 21 and the air outlet 13 in the first direction, and the spoiler 3 is adjacent to the opening of the cooling groove 21 in the first direction. As a result, the spoiler 3 can turbulently guide the cooling gas discharged from the cooling groove 21, so that the cooling gas can be easily exchanged with the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The spoiler 3 can cause the boundary layer of the cooling airflow formed by the cooling gas near the wall of the cylinder 1 to become thinner due to the turbulent effect of the spoiler 3. The heat exchange efficiency in the thinned boundary layer is higher, which can increase the cooling efficiency and help prevent overheating of the cylinder 1. For example, the spoiler 3 is located between the cooling groove 21 and the air outlet 13 in the front-to-back direction.

[0050] In some embodiments, there are multiple spoilers 3 , which are circumferentially spaced apart on the wall of the combustion chamber 11 , thereby disrupting and guiding the cooling gas discharged from the outlet of the annular cooling groove 21 .

[0051] In some embodiments, the spoiler 3 is plate-shaped, and the extension direction (length direction) of the spoiler 3 forms an angle with the first direction. Specifically, the extension direction (length direction) of the spoiler 3 forms an angle with the first direction greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 40°. For example, the spoiler 3 is a rectangular plate, and the extension direction of the spoiler 3 forms an angle of 30° with the front-to-back direction. For example, the spoiler 3 is a rectangular plate or a triangular plate.

[0052] In some embodiments, the distance between the spoiler 3 and the cooling hole 14 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than 5 mm. For example, the distance between the spoiler 3 and the cooling hole 14 in the front-to-back direction is 4 mm.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ratio of the diameter of the cooling hole 14 to the dimension of the spoiler 3 in the radial direction (width direction) of the cylinder 1 is greater than or equal to 1 / 2, and the ratio of the diameter of the cooling hole 14 to the dimension of the spoiler 3 in its extension direction (length direction) is greater than or equal to 1 / 5. This allows the spoiler 3 to easily turbulent the cooling gas.

[0054] In some embodiments, the size of the spoiler 3 in the radial direction of the barrel 1 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm, and the size of the spoiler 3 in its extension direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm. For example, the size of the spoiler 3 in the width direction is 2 mm, and the size of the spoiler 3 in its extension direction is 12 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the plurality of spoilers 3 form a plurality of spoiler ring groups, each of which includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged spoilers 3. The plurality of spoiler ring groups are spaced apart in the first direction. This means that the plurality of spoiler ring groups are used to turbulently affect the cooling gas flow, thereby enhancing the turbulence effect. The spoilers of each spoiler ring group have a dimension of 5 mm in the direction in which they extend.

[0056] The present invention further provides a gas turbine, wherein the gas turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the combustor flame liner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the gas turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of a long service life of the combustor flame liner 100.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0061] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0062] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion chamber flame tube, characterized in that: include: a cylinder, the cylinder having a combustion chamber and an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the combustion chamber, the air inlet and the air outlet being located on opposite sides of the cylinder in a first direction, the first direction being consistent with the axial direction of the cylinder, the outer surface of the cylinder having cooling holes, through which cooling gas can flow into the combustion chamber; a windshield member, the windshield member being disposed in the combustion chamber and defining a cooling groove with a wall surface of the combustion chamber, the cooling groove opening being oriented in a first direction toward the gas outlet, the cooling hole being in communication with the cooling groove, the windshield member and the cooling hole being disposed opposite to each other in a radial direction of the cylinder; A spoiler is provided on the wall surface of the combustion chamber, the spoiler is located between the cooling groove and the air outlet in the first direction, the spoiler is adjacent to the opening of the cooling groove in the first direction, and the cooling hole is adjacent to the air outlet in the first direction; The included angle between the extension direction of the spoiler and the first direction is greater than or equal to 20° and less than or equal to 40°; A distance between the spoiler and the cooling hole in the first direction is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than 5 mm.

2. The combustion chamber flame liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The windshield is annular, with the axial direction of the windshield being the first direction. The side of the windshield in the first direction away from the gas outlet is connected to the wall of the combustion chamber via an annular connecting plate. The windshield and the wall of the combustion chamber define the annular cooling groove. There are a plurality of cooling holes, which are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, and outlets of the plurality of cooling holes face the wind shield.

3. The combustion chamber flame liner according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple spoilers, and the spoilers are arranged on the wall surface of the gas chamber at intervals along the circumferential direction; The spoiler is plate-shaped, and an extending direction of the spoiler forms an angle with the first direction.

4. The combustion chamber flame liner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the cooling hole to the size of the spoiler in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 1 / 2, and the ratio of the diameter of the cooling hole to the size of the spoiler in its extending direction is greater than or equal to 1 / 5.

5. The combustion chamber flame liner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling hole is a circular hole, and the diameter of the cooling hole is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; The size of the spoiler in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 3 mm, and the size of the spoiler in its extension direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm; The size of the windshield in the first direction is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm; The distance between the wind shield and the wall surface of the combustion chamber in the radial direction of the cylinder is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

6. The combustion chamber flame liner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of spoilers form a plurality of spoiler ring groups, each spoiler ring group includes a plurality of spoilers arranged along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of spoiler ring groups are arranged at intervals in the first direction.

7. The combustion chamber flame tube according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A distance between the cooling hole and the air outlet in the first direction is greater than 130 mm and less than or equal to 180 mm.

8. The combustion chamber flame liner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder includes a first section, a second section and a third section connected in sequence, one end of the first section has the air inlet, one end of the third section has the air outlet, the inner diameter of the third section is smaller than the inner diameter of the first section, and the cooling hole is opened on the third section.

9. A gas turbine, characterized in that: A combustion chamber flame sleeve comprising the combustion chamber flame sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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