A device and method for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw, comprising a machine base, a supporting mechanism fixed on the machine base for supporting the planetary roller screw to be tested, an impact test module fixed on the machine base, the impact test module can be moved to any position to perform an impact test on the planetary roller screw, and test sensors are installed on the supporting mechanism and the impact test module, the test sensors include a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor, which can simultaneously collect the instantaneous temperature change of the impact and the vibration conditions in two directions. The impact module is moved to a suitable position, and the impact module performs an impact test on the planetary roller screw according to a predetermined plan. The temperature sensor records the temperature change at the connection, and the vibration sensor records the vibration conditions in two directions at the connection. After the impact test of the screw, the data output by the sensor provides a reference for the evaluation of the impact resistance of the planetary roller screw, filling the gap in the impact resistance test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission testing. Background Art

[0002] Planetary roller screws are linear transmission mechanisms that are resistant to high loads and shocks. When operating in harsh and unstable environments, planetary roller screws are subject to sudden impact loads. If the impact resistance of the planetary roller screw does not meet the requirements, the impact will cause the planetary roller screw threads to fail. If the thread failure causes the planetary roller screw to operate abnormally, it will affect the overall operation of the component and lead to accidents. Currently, there is little research on screw impact test benches in China, mainly because it is difficult to apply impact loads to special models of planetary roller screws, and it is difficult to obtain data for evaluating the impact resistance of planetary roller screws. At the same time, the cost of establishing a separate test system for special models of planetary roller screws is high.

[0003] Rapid advances in sensor technology have assisted us in collecting data for evaluating the impact resistance of planetary roller screws. By integrating tensile and compressive force sensors, temperature sensors, and vibration sensors into the test system, we can output operational data during impact testing of the planetary roller screw, facilitating subsequent evaluation of the planetary roller screw's impact resistance. A machine base was designed to provide a location for impact testing and reserve mounting locations for other screw performance test components, reducing testing costs. A dedicated planetary roller screw support structure was designed to ensure load capacity and minimize deformation. An impact test module was also designed to provide impact load information for the planetary roller screw. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings and needs, the present invention proposes a method and system for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw. The purpose is to design an experimental device that can provide the required impact load, enabling impact resistance testing of a planetary roller screw, while also enabling real-time data collection. This testing device utilizes a pendulum-type impact device. Unlike drop-weight impact devices, the pendulum is lifted to its highest point and then falls freely. At its lowest point, it moves horizontally, colliding with the planetary roller screw to achieve horizontal impact testing. Potential energy is converted into power for the pendulum, which then collides with an impact device at the end of the planetary roller screw to transmit the impact load. The device features a novel height-adjustable gantry and the ability to interchange pendulums of varying masses, achieving dual-directional impact load adjustment. The pendulum column supports the pendulum's falling motion. A movable impact device is designed using a guide rail pair. The impact device's position can be adjusted via a slider, allowing the pendulum to collide with the impact device at its lowest point. The device can be locked after adjustment. Temperature and vibration sensors are used to monitor temperature changes and vibration in both directions during the impact test.

[0005] A method and system for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw, characterized in that the testing device includes a base, a supporting mechanism, an impact testing module and a testing system.

[0006] The machine base is processed with a bearing seat positioning keyway, a guide rail pair mounting base surface, and a positioning base surface;

[0007] A supporting mechanism is fixed on the machine base, and the supporting mechanism includes an actuator, a bearing seat, a connecting shaft and a connecting shaft sleeve;

[0008] An impact test module is fixed on the machine base, and the impact test module includes a guide rail, a slider, a loading slide, an impact device, a liftable gantry, a pendulum column and a pendulum;

[0009] The impact test module and the supporting mechanism are equipped with a test system including a vibration sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0010] The support mechanism is connected to the machine base through a bolted structure and positioned using a keyway; the guide rail pair of the impact test module is installed on the installation base surface of the machine base through screws; the support mechanism and the impact test module are equipped with a test system.

[0011] The impact device is connected to the end of the planetary roller screw nut through a thread, the vibration sensor is at the end of the actuator, and the temperature sensor is fitted to the planetary roller screw nut through magnetic attraction.

[0012] The present invention also proposes a system device and method for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw, which is characterized by the following steps:

[0013] 1) Calculate the axial load range based on the planetary roller screw's inherent strength and the maximum impulse generated by the maximum load. Within the determined load range, determine 8 to 10 impulse test values, starting from the smallest to the largest. Perform the corresponding impact load tests on the planetary roller screw based on these values. Based on the impulse test values, calculate the required gantry lift height and the pendulum mass required, and record the data.

[0014] 2) Move the loading slide to the rear side of the impact device, adjust the gantry to the appropriate height, load the required pendulum, manually fine-tune the gantry height and loading platform position so that the pendulum contacts the impact device and maintains a slight angle with the vertical direction, and lock the slide;

[0015] 3) Check the connection of each component, lift the pendulum to the expected height, release the pendulum and let it fall freely, wait for the pendulum to collide with the impact slide, and check the connection of each component;

[0016] 4) After the pendulum collides with the impact slide, the test system collects data at the moment of impact, processes the data with large fluctuations, uses the collected data as input, and judges the test condition of the planetary roller screw based on the analysis of the data peak;

[0017] 5) Disassemble the screw under test, check the damage of the planetary roller screw thread, and wait for the next test of the planetary roller screw impact test to see the accuracy change;

[0018] 6) After all impact tests are completed, the gantry returns to its initial height and the loading slide returns to its initial position, completing the impact test.

[0019] The newly designed supporting mechanism of this device is used to carry and position the planetary roller screw under test, which can ensure the transmission of torque and absorb excess impact loads; this device is newly designed with a gantry pendulum impact device installed on the loading slide, and the gantry can be freely raised and lowered to adjust the falling height of the pendulum; the pendulum column is connected to the gantry beam and can be disassembled and assembled according to different height requirements to meet the centering requirements of the pendulum; the pendulum is connected to the pendulum column, and pendulums of different masses can be replaced for different impact loads; this device is designed to use a guide pair, and the loading slide is installed on the slider, which can be adjusted and locked on the guide rail to ensure that the impact test module is fixed in the required test position; this device is designed to use temperature sensors and vibration sensors to monitor the temperature changes and vibration conditions in two directions of the planetary roller screw pair under test during the impact test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the support mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impact test module of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the test system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a further description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0027] As shown in the figure, the present invention discloses a device and method for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw. The device comprises a base 1, a support mechanism 2, an impact test module 3, and a testing system 4. The support mechanism 2 is fixed to the base 1, the impact test module 3 is fixed to the base 1, and the testing system is arranged on the support mechanism 2 and the impact test module 3. The planetary roller screw pair 5 to be tested is placed in the support mechanism. The testing system includes a tension and pressure sensor 41, a vibration sensor 42, and a temperature sensor 43.

[0028] The base 1 is arranged with keyways, guide rail bases and positioning bases to ensure the installation accuracy of the bearing seat and the screw being tested. In order to reduce the weight of the test device while ensuring rigidity, the base is designed as a hollow structure.

[0029] A supporting mechanism 2 is fixed on the machine base 1 , and the supporting mechanism 2 includes an actuator 21 , a bearing seat 22 , a connecting shaft 23 , a connecting shaft sleeve 24 and a coupling 25 .

[0030] An impact test module 3 is fixed on the machine base 1 , and the impact test module includes a guide rail 31 , a slider 32 , a loading slide 33 , an impact device 34 , a liftable gantry 35 , a pendulum column 36 and a pendulum 37 .

[0031] The test system includes a vibration sensor 41 and a temperature sensor 42 .

[0032] The bearing seat 22 is keyed and mounted on the machine base 1. The actuator 21 is bolted to the bearing seat. The planetary roller screw 5 under test is mounted within the actuator, with angular contact bearings installed to support axial forces. Copper bushings are installed at the front and rear ends of the screw nut to enhance sliding performance. A connecting shaft sleeve 24 is bolted to the bearing seat and contains a deep-groove ball bearing. The connecting shaft 23 and the planetary roller screw 5 are connected by an elastic coupling 25.

[0033] The guide rails 31 are connected to the guide rail mounting base of the machine base by bolts to ensure the parallelism and straightness of the two guide rails. Four sliders 32 are installed on the guide rails. The loading slide is connected to the sliders 32 by bolts. The gantry is installed on the loading slide, and the pendulum can be loaded on the gantry.

[0034] The vibration sensor 41 is installed at the rear end of the actuator sleeve through threads. Vibration sensors are installed at four positions to detect vibration conditions in two directions. The temperature sensor 42 is attached to the planetary roller screw nut to be tested through magnetic attraction.

[0035] The present invention calculates the gantry placement height and the pendulum mass by determining the required impulse, moves the loading slide to the impact slide position, fine-tunes the loading slide position so that the pendulum contacts the impact slide and maintains a small angle, locks the corresponding slider of the loading slide, checks the connection status of each part, lifts the pendulum to the corresponding height, releases the pendulum, and allows it to swing freely. After the pendulum collides with the impact slide, the data collected by the test system is output and data processing is performed to facilitate the subsequent evaluation of the impact resistance of the planetary roller screw. The planetary roller screw is disassembled, the thread failure is observed, and the next step of testing the accuracy change of the planetary roller screw after the impact test is waited for.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0037] 1) Calculate the axial load range based on the planetary roller screw's inherent strength and the maximum impulse generated by the maximum load. Within the determined load range, determine 8 to 10 impulse test values, starting from the smallest to the largest. Perform the corresponding impact load tests on the planetary roller screw based on these values. Based on the impulse test values, calculate the required gantry lift height and the pendulum mass required, and record the data.

[0038] 2) Move the loading slide to the rear side of the impact slide, adjust the gantry to the appropriate height, load the required pendulum, manually fine-tune the gantry height and loading platform position so that the pendulum contacts the impact slide and maintains a slight angle with the vertical direction, and lock the slider;

[0039] 3) Check the connection of each component, lift the pendulum to the expected height, release the pendulum and let it fall freely, wait for the pendulum to collide with the impact slide, and check the connection of each component;

[0040] 4) After the pendulum collides with the impact slide, the test system collects data at the moment of impact, processes the data with large fluctuations, uses the collected data as input, and judges the test condition of the planetary roller screw based on the analysis of the data peak;

[0041] 5) Disassemble the screw under test, check the damage of the planetary roller screw thread, and wait for the next test of the planetary roller screw impact test to see the accuracy change;

[0042] 6) After all impact tests are completed, the gantry returns to its initial height and the loading slide returns to its initial position, completing the impact test.

Claims

1. A planetary roller screw impact resistance testing device, characterized in that: Including machine base, supporting mechanism, impact test module and test system; The machine base is machined with a bearing seat positioning keyway, a guide rail pair mounting base, and a positioning base; the bearing seat positioning keyway is located at the front end of the base, and a standard key is installed in the slot, which cooperates with the keyway at the bottom of the bearing seat to position the bearing seat on the machine base; the guide rail pair mounting base is located in the middle of the machine base and is used to install and position the guide rail pair on the machine base. The guide rail pair mounting base includes two horizontal base surfaces, two vertical support surfaces, and two grooves; the positioning base surfaces are located on both sides of the middle of the base and are used for coaxiality adjustment and horizontal adjustment when installing the machine base, support mechanism and impact test module; A supporting mechanism is fixed on the machine base, and the supporting mechanism includes an actuator, a bearing seat, a connecting shaft, and a connecting shaft sleeve; the bearing seat is mounted on the machine base, the actuator is fixed to one side of the bearing seat via a flange structure, and the planetary roller screw pair to be measured is mounted in the actuator and supported and rotated by an angular contact ball bearing; An impact test module is fixed on the machine base, and the impact test module includes a guide rail, a slider, a loading slide, an impact device, a liftable gantry, a pendulum column and a pendulum; the guide rail is fixedly connected to the guide rail mounting base by bolts, the slider is installed on the guide rail, and the contact with the guide rail is rolling friction, the loading slide is fixedly connected to the slider by bolts, the gantry is fixedly connected to the loading slide by bolts, the top of the pendulum column is installed in the middle of the gantry beam through a rolling bearing and a pin, the pendulum is connected to the bottom of the pendulum column by a thread, and the impact device is installed at the end of the planetary roller screw nut by a thread; The impact test module and the support mechanism are equipped with a test system comprising a vibration sensor and a temperature sensor. Four vibration sensors are threadedly connected to the rear end of the actuator, with the vibration sensors arranged at four locations to detect vibration in two directions. The temperature sensor is magnetically attached to the planetary lead screw nut being tested, and a groove is machined on the upper end of the actuator to allow the temperature sensor to move linearly with the lead screw nut. The impact resistance test of the planetary roller screw is designed to ensure that the impact load is applied to the planetary roller screw pair, and the base is designed to fix the support mechanism and the impact test module; In the support mechanism, the actuator is designed to position and support the planetary roller screw to be tested, reduce the deformation of the end of the planetary roller screw, and ensure the transmission effect of the impact load; the bearing seat is designed to support the planetary roller screw and the actuator and absorb the transmission of the impact load; Design the connecting shaft and connecting shaft sleeve to ensure torque transmission; design the guide pair and loading slide, install the gantry on the loading slide to realize the free movement of the impact test device and lock the slide when necessary. Since the planetary roller screw nut can perform linear motion, the position will change. Adjust it according to the actual position of the nut to ensure that the impact load is transmitted to the planetary roller screw pair when the pendulum moves to the lowest point; the gantry is adjusted in height, and there is a scale marked on the gantry column. According to the required impact load, different heights can be adjusted and pendulums of different weights can be carried; the vibration sensor is arranged at the end of the actuator closest to the thread engagement of the planetary roller screw pair, and at four positions equally divided on the circumference to detect the vibration of the planetary roller screw pair in two directions at the moment the impact load is applied; the temperature sensor is attached to the planetary roller screw to be tested to monitor the temperature changes for a period of time after the impact load is transmitted.

2. The device for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw according to claim 1, wherein: A connecting shaft sleeve is installed inside the bearing seat, and the two are connected by a flange. The connecting shaft is installed in the connecting shaft sleeve through a deep groove ball bearing to ensure the support, rotation and positioning of the connecting shaft; a flexible coupling is used to connect the connecting shaft to the planetary roller screw to ensure torque transmission.

3. The device for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw according to claim 1, wherein: The support mechanism is connected to the machine base through a bolted structure and positioned using a keyway; the guide rail pair of the impact test module is installed on the installation base surface of the machine base through screws; the support mechanism and the impact test module are equipped with a test system.

4. The device for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw according to claim 1, wherein: The impact device is connected to the end of the planetary roller screw nut through a thread, the vibration sensor is at the end of the actuator, and the temperature sensor is fitted to the planetary roller screw nut through magnetic attraction.

5. A method based on the device for testing the impact resistance of a planetary roller screw according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: 1) Calculate the axial load range based on the strength of the planetary roller screw and the maximum impulse generated by the maximum load. Within the determined loading range, determine 8 to 10 impulse test values ​​from small to large. Perform the corresponding impact load test on the planetary roller screw based on these test values. Based on the impulse test values ​​divided above, calculate the required gantry lifting height and the pendulum mass to be carried, and record the data. 2) Move the loading slide to the rear side of the impact device, adjust the gantry height, load the required pendulum, manually fine-tune the gantry height and loading platform position so that the pendulum contacts the impact device and maintains a slight angle with the vertical direction, and lock the slide; 3) Check the connection of each component, lift the pendulum to the expected height, release the pendulum and let it fall freely, wait for the pendulum to collide with the impact slide, and check the connection of each component; 4) After the pendulum collides with the impact slide, the test system collects data at the moment of impact, processes the fluctuating data, uses the collected data as input, and judges the test condition of the planetary roller screw based on the analysis of the data peak value; 5) Disassemble the screw under test, check the damage of the planetary roller screw thread, and wait for the next test of the planetary roller screw impact test to see the accuracy change; 6) After all impact tests are completed, the gantry returns to its initial height and the loading slide returns to its initial position, completing the impact test.

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