Low profile broadband dual polarized metal dipole meter wave antenna

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole meter-wave antenna, which relates to the technical field of radar antennas, including: a metal reflector; a metal base; a radome; a vertical polarization feed balun, which is composed of a vertical polarization feed balun inner conductor, a vertical polarization feed balun left outer conductor, and a vertical polarization feed balun right outer conductor; a horizontal polarization feed balun, which is composed of a horizontal polarization feed balun inner conductor, a horizontal polarization feed balun left outer conductor, and a horizontal polarization feed balun right outer conductor; the upper end of the horizontal polarization feed balun left outer conductor is a C-shaped structure, and the top of the vertical polarization feed balun is located in the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped structure; a horizontal polarization dipole arm; a vertical polarization dipole arm; both the horizontal polarization dipole arm and the vertical polarization dipole arm are sheet dipoles, and the bottom end is a downward flange structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The meter-wave antenna of the present invention adopts a novel feed balun structure, and has the characteristics of dual polarization, large working bandwidth, high channel spacing, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radar antenna technology, and in particular to a low-profile broadband dual-polarization metal dipole meter-wave antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of stealth aircraft and stealth drones and their rapid deployment in actual combat, the demand for anti-stealth radars is increasing to deal with the threat of stealth targets. Usually, the effective size of a stealth target is in the range of 0.5 to 5 meters, and the wavelength of a meter-wave radar is in the range of 1 to 10 meters. The two sizes are comparable, and the scattered waves of the target are in the resonance zone and Rayleigh zone. The shape design of the stealth target does not reduce the radar cross-section (RCS) of the meter-wave radar, making the anti-stealth advantage of the meter-wave radar more significant.

[0003] The meter-wave antenna is an important component of the meter-wave radar, used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. The main characteristics of the antenna, such as working bandwidth, polarization mode and structural form, are closely related to the performance of the radar. The main influences are as follows: (1) The larger the working bandwidth of the antenna, the wider the frequency conversion range of the radar and the stronger the radar performance; (2) The use of dual-polarized antennas can separately receive and process the horizontal / vertical polarization components of the scattered echo of the stealth target. Compared with single-polarized antennas, dual-polarized radars have better performance in detection stability, anti-interference ability and target recognition; (3) Due to the low working frequency band, the structure size of the meter-wave antenna is often large. Reducing the antenna profile can effectively improve the wind resistance of the antenna array and the maneuverability of transportation; (4) In terms of antenna power resistance, the metal dipole antenna can withstand higher power than the microstrip antenna, which is easier to meet the high-power requirements of meter-wave radar.

[0004] There is no air plate line feed structure meter wave antenna on the market that can meet the dual polarization conditions and have the characteristics of large working bandwidth, low profile, high channel isolation, etc. Therefore, the present invention designs a low-profile broadband dual-polarization metal dipole meter wave antenna that integrates dual polarization antenna, low profile antenna, broadband antenna and high channel isolation. It has the advantages of the above four types of antennas and has broad application prospects in meter wave radar. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] (I) Technical problems solved

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole meter-wave antenna, which solves the problem that the existing meter-wave antenna cannot simultaneously meet multiple characteristics such as dual polarization, large working bandwidth, and low profile.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] Low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole meter-wave antenna, comprising:

[0010] Metal reflector;

[0011] Metal base, the metal base being fixedly connected to the surface of the metal reflector;

[0012] Radome, the radome being fixedly connected to the metal base;

[0013] Vertical polarization feed balun, the vertical polarization feed balun being located inside the radome and composed of a vertical polarization feed balun inner conductor, a left outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, and a right outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun;

[0014] Horizontal polarization feed balun, the horizontal polarization feed balun being located inside the radome and composed of a horizontal polarization feed balun inner conductor, a left outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun, and a right outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun;

[0015] The upper end of the left outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun is a C-shaped structure, and the top end of the vertical polarization feed balun is located in the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped structure;

[0016] The vertical polarization feed balun and the horizontal polarization feed balun adopt an air-board line structure, and the two are vertically cross-arranged in the thickness direction of the air-board line;

[0017] Horizontal polarization oscillator arm, the horizontal polarization oscillator arm being a sheet oscillator, and the bottom end thereof being a downward flanging structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane;

[0018] Vertical polarization oscillator arm, the vertical polarization oscillator arm being a sheet oscillator, and the bottom end thereof being a downward flanging structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the vertical polarization oscillator arm and the horizontal polarization oscillator arm being arranged alternately.

[0019] Preferably, between the left outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, the right outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, and the inner conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, and between the left outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun, the right outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun, and the inner conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun, they are all fixedly connected and supported by an inner dielectric, and between the vertical polarization feed balun and the horizontal polarization feed balun, they are fixedly connected and supported by an outer dielectric.

[0020] Preferably, the low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole meter-wave antenna further comprises:

[0021] Horizontal polarization RF connector, the inner conductor of the horizontal polarization RF connector being connected to the inner conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun;

[0022] Vertical polarization RF connector, wherein the inner conductor of the vertical polarization RF connector is connected to the inner conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun.

[0023] Preferably, a horizontal left mounting position is provided at the top of the outer conductor on the left side of the horizontal polarization feed balun, a horizontal right mounting position is provided at the top of the outer conductor on the right side of the horizontal polarization feed balun, and the horizontal polarization dipole arms are respectively mounted on the horizontal left mounting position and the horizontal right mounting position;

[0024] A vertical left mounting position is provided at the top of the outer conductor on the left side of the vertical polarization feed balun, a vertical right mounting position is provided at the top of the outer conductor on the right side of the vertical polarization feed balun, and the vertical polarization dipole arms are respectively mounted on the vertical left mounting position and the vertical right mounting position.

[0025] Preferably, round holes are drilled on the surfaces of the horizontal polarization dipole arm and the vertical polarization dipole arm.

[0026] Preferably, the low-profile broadband dual-polarization metal dipole meter-wave antenna further comprises:

[0027] Parasitic rod, which is fixed to the metal reflector by screws.

[0028] Preferably, the radome comprises an upper radome and a lower radome, and the upper radome and the lower radome are fixed by screws.

[0029] Preferably, the bottom of the lower radome is snap-fitted onto the metal base, and the snap-fitting gap between the two is filled and sealed with waterproof glue.

[0030] Preferably, the dielectric support is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0031] Preferably, the radome is made of polyphenylene ether.

[0032] (III) Beneficial effects

[0033] The present invention provides a low-profile broadband dual-polarization metal dipole meter-wave antenna. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The feed balun of the antenna adopts an air-board line structure form, which consists of a horizontal polarization feed balun and a vertical polarization feed balun. The upper end of the outer conductor on the left side of the horizontal polarization feed balun is of a C-shaped structure, bypassing the vertical polarization feed balun, and the two are vertically cross-arranged in the thickness direction of the air-board line to form a dual-polarization feed balun. This structural design ensures the dual polarization of the antenna while increasing the working bandwidth and the inter-channel isolation of the antenna;

[0035] Both the horizontally polarized oscillator arm and the vertically polarized oscillator arm are sheet oscillators. Compared with the traditional metal cylindrical oscillator, the sheet oscillator effectively reduces the aspect ratio of the oscillator, making the impedance of the antenna change slowly with the antenna length, thereby achieving broadband matching with the feed balun. The bottom ends of the horizontally polarized oscillator arm and the vertically polarized oscillator arm adopt a downward vertical flanging structure, and the distance between the bottom edge of the flanging and the metal reflector can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna and reduce the height of the antenna profile. Description of the Drawings

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna unit in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radome in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the feed balun structure of the antenna unit in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertically polarized feed balun in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Among them, 1, metal reflector; 2, metal base; 3, radome; 31, upper radome; 32, lower radome; 4, vertically polarized feed balun; 41, inner conductor of vertically polarized feed balun; 42, left outer conductor of vertically polarized feed balun; 421, vertical left mounting position; 43, right outer conductor of vertically polarized feed balun; 431, vertical right mounting position; 5, horizontally polarized feed balun; 51, inner conductor of horizontally polarized feed balun; 52, left outer conductor of horizontally polarized feed balun; 521, C-shaped structure; 522, horizontal left mounting position; 53, right outer conductor of horizontally polarized feed balun; 531, horizontal right mounting position; 6, inner dielectric support; 7, outer dielectric support; 8, horizontally polarized RF connector; 9, vertically polarized RF connector; 10, horizontally polarized oscillator arm; 11, vertically polarized oscillator arm; 111, round hole; 12, parasitic rod. Detailed Embodiments

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] By providing a low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole meter-wave antenna in the embodiments of the present application, the problem that existing meter-wave antennas cannot simultaneously meet multiple characteristics such as dual polarization, large operating bandwidth, and low profile is solved, and the effect of improving the anti-stealth performance of meter-wave radars is achieved.

[0044] To better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific implementation manners.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole meter-wave antenna includes a metal reflector 1, a metal base 2, a radome 3, a vertical polarization feed balun 4, a horizontal polarization feed balun 5, an inner dielectric support 6, an outer dielectric support 7, a horizontal polarization RF connector 8, a vertical polarization RF connector 9, a horizontal polarization oscillator arm 10, a vertical polarization oscillator arm 11, and a parasitic rod 12.

[0047] The metal base 2 is installed on the surface of the metal reflector 1 by screws and is located in the central area of the metal reflector 1.

[0048] The radome 3 includes an upper radome 31 and a lower radome 32. Both the upper radome 31 and the lower radome 32 are made of aluminum, and the two are fixedly connected by screws; the contact surface between the upper radome 31 and the lower radome 32 is sealed with a sealing ring. The bottom of the lower radome 32 is snap-fitted into the slot on the upper surface of the metal base 2, and the snap-fitting gap between the two is sealed with waterproof glue.

[0049] Both the vertical polarization feed balun 4 and the horizontal polarization feed balun 5 are located inside the radome 3. The vertical polarization feed balun 4 and the horizontal polarization feed balun 5 adopt an air plate line structure. The two are vertically cross-arranged in the thickness direction of the air plate line and are connected and fixed by the outer dielectric support 7.

[0050] The vertical polarization feeding balun 4 includes an inner conductor 41 of the vertical polarization feeding balun, a left outer conductor 42 of the vertical polarization feeding balun, and a right outer conductor 43 of the vertical polarization feeding balun. The inner conductor 41 of the vertical polarization feeding balun is located between the left outer conductor 42 and the right outer conductor 43 of the vertical polarization feeding balun, and the three are fixedly connected through an inner dielectric support 6. A vertical left mounting position 421 is provided at the top of the left outer conductor 42 of the vertical polarization feeding balun, and a vertical right mounting position 431 is provided at the top of the right outer conductor 43 of the vertical polarization feeding balun. A vertical polarization RF connector 9 is provided at the bottom of the vertical polarization feeding balun 4, and the inner conductor of the vertical polarization RF connector 9 is connected to the inner conductor 41 of the vertical polarization feeding balun.

[0051] The horizontal polarization feeding balun 5 includes an inner conductor 51 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun, a left outer conductor 52 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun, and a right outer conductor 53 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun. The inner conductor 51 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun is located between the left outer conductor 52 and the right outer conductor 53 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun, and the three are fixedly connected through an inner dielectric support 6. The top of the left outer conductor 52 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun is set as a C-shaped structure 521, and the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped structure 521 includes the top of the vertical polarization feeding balun 4. The horizontal polarization feeding balun 5 and the vertical polarization feeding balun 4 are fixedly connected through an outer dielectric support 7. A horizontal left mounting position 522 is provided at the top of the left outer conductor 52 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun, and a horizontal right mounting position 531 is provided at the top of the right outer conductor 53 of the horizontal polarization feeding balun. A horizontal polarization RF connector 8 is provided at the bottom of the horizontal polarization feeding balun 5, and the inner conductor of the horizontal polarization RF connector 8 is connected to the inner conductor of the horizontal polarization feeding balun 5.

[0052] There are two horizontal polarization oscillator arms 10, and the two horizontal polarization oscillator arms 10 are respectively mounted on the horizontal left mounting position 522 and the horizontal right mounting position 531. There are two vertical polarization oscillator arms 11, and the two vertical polarization oscillator arms 11 are respectively mounted on the vertical left mounting position 421 and the vertical right mounting position 431. The horizontal polarization oscillator arms 10 and the vertical polarization oscillator arms 11 are vertically and crossly arranged to form dual polarization. Both the horizontal polarization oscillator arms 10 and the vertical polarization oscillator arms 11 adopt sheet oscillators, which are of a polygonal structure, and the bottom ends thereof are downward vertical flanging structures. Compared with the traditional metal cylindrical oscillator, the sheet oscillator effectively reduces the aspect ratio of the oscillator, makes the impedance of the antenna change slowly with the antenna length, and thus realizes broadband matching with the feeding balun. The ends of the horizontal polarization oscillator arms 10 and the vertical polarization oscillator arms 11 adopt downward vertical flanging structures, and the distance between the bottom edge of the flanging and the metal reflector 1 can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions requirements to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna and reduce the height of the antenna profile.

[0053] The horizontal polarization dipole arm 10 and the vertical polarization dipole arm 11 are provided with round holes 111. The number of round holes 111 is set according to the actual working conditions. On the basis of ensuring the antenna performance, the round holes 111 are used to reduce the antenna weight and wind resistance and improve the wind resistance of the antenna array surface.

[0054] The parasitic rods 12 are fixed on the metal reflector 1. They are metal columnar structures and there are four of them. The four parasitic rods 12 are fixed at the edge of the metal reflector 1 by screws and are respectively located at the outer edges of the two horizontal polarization dipole arms 10 and the two vertical polarization dipole arms 11, and are used to broaden the E-plane lobe of the dipole antenna and improve the wide-angle scanning ability of the antenna, thereby enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0055] The implementation principle of the present invention is as follows: The feeding balun adopts an air plate line feeding structure. The upper end of the outer conductor on the left side of the horizontal polarization feeding balun 5 of the antenna is a C-shaped structure 521, which bypasses the vertical polarization feeding balun 4 and forms a dual-polarization feeding structure through vertical cross-layout. This feeding structure has the characteristics of a large impedance matching bandwidth and a high power capacity.

[0056] Embodiment 2

[0057] The low-profile broadband dual-polarization metal dipole meter-wave antenna of this embodiment is based on the structure of Embodiment 1, and the dimensions, materials, and models of the structure are defined as follows:

[0058] The height of the meter-wave antenna (including the height of the radome 3) is 320 mm, and the lowest points of the horizontal polarization dipole arm 10 and the vertical polarization dipole arm 11 are 1100 mm away from the metal reflector 1; the diameter of the round holes 111 opened on the horizontal polarization dipole arm 10 and the vertical polarization dipole arm 11 is 12 mm; the diameter of the parasitic rod 12 is 20 mm and the height is 100 mm; both the inner dielectric support 6 and the outer dielectric support 7 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene material with a dielectric constant of 2.2; the radome 3 is made of polyphenylene ether material with a dielectric constant of 2.8; both the vertical polarization RF connector 9 and the horizontal polarization RF connector 8 use TNC-type RF connectors.

[0059] In summary, compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0060] 1. The feeding balun of the antenna adopts an air plate line structure form, which is composed of a horizontal polarization feeding balun and a vertical polarization feeding balun. The upper end of the outer conductor on the left side of the horizontal polarization feeding balun is a C-shaped structure, which bypasses the vertical polarization feeding balun, and the two are vertically cross-layout in the thickness direction of the air plate line to form a dual-polarization feeding balun. This structural design increases the working bandwidth and inter-channel isolation of the antenna while ensuring dual polarization of the antenna.

[0061] 2. Both the horizontally polarized oscillator arm and the vertically polarized oscillator arm are sheet-shaped oscillators. Compared with the traditional metal cylindrical oscillator, the sheet-shaped oscillator effectively reduces the aspect ratio of the oscillator, making the impedance of the antenna change slowly with the antenna length, thereby achieving broadband matching with the feed balun. The bottom ends of the horizontally polarized oscillator arm and the vertically polarized oscillator arm adopt a downward vertical flanging structure. By adjusting the distance between the bottom of the flange and the metal reflector, the bandwidth of the antenna is broadened, and the height of the antenna profile is reduced.

[0062] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0063] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole metric wave antenna, characterized in that: include: Metal reflective panels; A metal base, the metal base is fixedly connected to the surface of the metal reflective plate; A radome, the radome is fixedly connected to the metal base; A vertical polarization feed balun, the vertical polarization feed balun is located inside the radome, and is composed of a vertical polarization feed balun inner conductor, a vertical polarization feed balun left outer conductor, and a vertical polarization feed balun right outer conductor, the vertical polarization feed balun inner conductor is located between the vertical polarization feed balun left outer conductor and the vertical polarization feed balun right outer conductor; A horizontal polarization feed balun, the horizontal polarization feed balun is located inside the radome, and is composed of a horizontal polarization feed balun inner conductor, a horizontal polarization feed balun left outer conductor, and a horizontal polarization feed balun right outer conductor, wherein the horizontal polarization feed balun inner conductor is located between the horizontal polarization feed balun left outer conductor and the horizontal polarization feed balun right outer conductor; The upper end of the left outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feeding balun is a C-shaped structure, and the top end of the vertical polarization feeding balun is located in the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped structure; The vertical polarization feeding balun and the horizontal polarization feeding balun adopt an air plate line structure, and the two are arranged vertically and crosswise in the thickness direction of the air plate line; A horizontally polarized dipole arm, wherein the horizontally polarized dipole arm is a sheet-shaped dipole, and the bottom end of the sheet-shaped dipole arm is a downwardly turned-down structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane; A vertically polarized dipole arm, wherein the vertically polarized dipole arm is a sheet-shaped dipole, and the bottom end of the vertically polarized dipole arm is a downwardly turned-down structure perpendicular to the horizontal plane; A horizontal left mounting position is provided at the top of the left outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feeding balun, a horizontal right mounting position is provided at the top of the right outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feeding balun, and the horizontal polarization dipole arms are respectively mounted on the horizontal left mounting position and the horizontal right mounting position; A vertical left mounting position is arranged at the top of the left outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, and a vertical right mounting position is arranged at the top of the right outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun. The vertical polarization dipole arms are respectively mounted on the vertical left mounting position and the vertical right mounting position, and the vertical polarization dipole arms are staggered with the horizontal polarization dipole arms.

2. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, the right outer conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, and the inner conductor of the vertical polarization feed balun, as well as the left outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun, the right outer conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun, and the inner conductor of the horizontal polarization feed balun are all connected and fixed by internal dielectric support, and the vertical polarization feed balun and the horizontal polarization feed balun are connected and fixed by external dielectric support.

3. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A horizontally polarized RF connector, the inner conductor of which is connected to the inner conductor of the horizontally polarized feed balun; A vertically polarized radio frequency connector, wherein an inner conductor of the vertically polarized radio frequency connector is connected to an inner conductor of the vertically polarized feeding balun.

4. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circular holes are drilled on the surfaces of the horizontal polarization dipole arm and the vertical polarization dipole arm.

5. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A parasitic rod is fixed on the metal reflecting plate by screws.

6. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radome comprises an upper radome and a lower radome, and the upper radome and the lower radome are fixed by screws.

7. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower antenna cover is clamped on the metal base, and the clamping gap between the two is filled and sealed by waterproof glue.

8. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium support is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

9. The low-profile broadband dual-polarized metal dipole microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radome is made of polyphenylene ether.

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