An efficient beam offset based communication sensing integration method and assembly

Abstract

The application provides a high-efficiency communication and perception integrated method and assembly based on beam offset, which is applied to a MIMO-OFDM base station, wherein a true time delay line unit is arranged between each phase shifter and antenna unit of the MIMO-OFDM base station, and the phase of the phase shifter and the time delay value of the true time delay line unit are set based on the required perception space of the base station, so that all subcarrier beams emitted by the base station can cover the perception space in a predetermined beam offset mode, the angle estimation value of the target is determined according to the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the echo signal, the distance estimation value of the target is determined according to the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarrier, and finally the position of the target is determined according to the angle estimation value and the distance estimation value; the base station only needs to emit and receive signals once, so that full-coverage wave sweeping target perception of the beam offset space can be realized, the accuracy of target positioning is ensured, and the time cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an efficient integrated communication and sensing method and components based on beam offset. Background Technology

[0002] In sixth-generation mobile communication (6G), location using communication signals is a key requirement of ISAC (Integrated Sensing and Communication). Location tasks can generally be divided into two categories: one is cooperative user location, such as locating mobile phones; the other is non-cooperative target location, such as locating moving vehicles or users not in a communication state. Once the location of a user target is obtained, the base station can not only better serve user communication but also support more intelligent scenarios, such as intelligent vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and digital twins.

[0003] Existing schemes for non-cooperative target localization based on communication signals all assume that the communication signals are narrowband signals. However, 6G communication will employ higher frequency bands, larger bandwidths, and beamforming technology based on massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) arrays to achieve higher data rate communication transmission. MIMO arrays mainly use traditional phase shifters as the mainstream hardware for beamforming. However, phase shifters are narrowband devices, and the analog beamforming matrix they generate cannot change with frequency. Therefore, for broadband communication systems using OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) technology, it is impossible to overcome the beam offset phenomenon caused by the broadband effect. That is, beams from subcarriers of different frequencies will disperse in different directions, causing the beam direction of some subcarriers to deviate from the expected angle. This beam offset phenomenon will have a significant impact on beamforming technology, thus affecting the accuracy of target perception.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional beam scanning schemes typically use time-division multiplexing to scan spatial directions. This means the system transmits a beam in one direction at a time, then transmits a beam in another direction at the next time, achieving partial coverage of the spatial direction through continuous beam transmission over a period of time, thereby detecting target users within that range. The most serious problem with this time-division multiplexing scheme is its excessive time overhead, which becomes even more pronounced in applications with stringent time requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an efficient integrated communication and sensing method and component based on beam offset, which solves the shortcomings of existing technologies in addressing the target localization problem under the influence of beam offset in broadband communication systems, as well as the shortcomings of traditional beam scanning-based target localization schemes that require a large time overhead. It achieves the goal of rapidly locating non-cooperative targets under the influence of beam offset in broadband communication systems with a smaller time overhead.

[0006] This invention provides a highly efficient communication-sensing integration method based on beam offset, applied to a MIMO-OFDM base station. The MIMO-OFDM base station includes a radio frequency chain, N true delay line units, N phase shifters, and N antenna units. The output of the radio frequency chain is connected to the input of each of the N true delay line units. The outputs of the N true delay line units are each connected to the input of each of the N phase shifters. The outputs of the N phase shifters are each connected to the input of each of the N antenna units, where N is a positive integer not less than 2. The efficient communication-sensing integration method based on beam offset includes: based on... The base station requires setting the phases of N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units to ensure that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset. The frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal is determined, and the angle estimate of the target is determined based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier. The phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers near the peak power subcarrier is determined, and the distance estimate of the target is determined based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers. The position of the target is determined based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate.

[0007] According to the present invention, an efficient beam-offset-based integrated communication and sensing method is provided, wherein the phases of N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units are set based on the sensing space required by the base station, so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset, comprising: determining the initial wave scan angle of the base station, and determining the phases of N phase shifters based on the initial wave scan angle; the initial wave scan angle coincides with the maximum angle of the sensing space; determining the termination angle of the wave scan of the base station, and determining the delay values ​​of N true delay line units based on the termination angle; the termination angle coincides with the minimum angle of the sensing space; setting N phase shifters and N true delay line units respectively based on the phases and the delay values, so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a beam offset from the initial wave scan angle to the termination wave scan angle.

[0008] According to the present invention, an efficient communication-sensing integrated method based on beam offset is provided. The step of determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier includes: determining the angle estimate of the target using a first preset formula based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier; the first preset formula is:

[0009]

[0010] in, For the kth * The angle estimation results for each target, where W is the system transmission bandwidth; For the kth * The baseband frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; For the kth * The passband frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; f0 is the lowest subcarrier frequency of the OFDM signal; θ start θ is the maximum angle of the perceived space. end The minimum angle of the perceived space.

[0011] According to the present invention, an efficient beamoff-based integrated communication and sensing method is provided, wherein determining the range estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers includes: determining the range estimate of the target using a second preset formula based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers; the second preset formula is:

[0012]

[0013] in, For the kth * Distance estimation results for the k-th target; * The sidelobe power subcarriers corresponding to each target have a total of indivual; For the kth * The first target corresponds to the The passband frequency of the sidelobe power subcarriers; r is the one-dimensional distance search variable; c is the speed of light; For subcarriers detected by the base station using its built-in detector The phase measurement value; j is the complex unit; arg max(·) is a function that seeks the desired parameters that make the objective function reach its maximum value.

[0014] According to the present invention, an efficient communication and sensing integration method based on beam offset is provided. Before determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal and determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, the method further includes: when the number of beam sweeps is no more than P, performing a step of setting the phase of N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units based on the sensing space required by the base station, where P is a positive integer not less than 2, and the angle range of the beam offset is different each time; determining P angle estimates of the target in P beam sweeps, and determining a high-precision angle estimate of the target based on the P angle estimates; determining the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers of the target in P beam sweeps, and determining a high-precision distance estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers; and determining the high-precision position of the target based on the high-precision angle estimate and the high-precision distance estimate of the target.

[0015] According to the present invention, an efficient communication-sensing integration method based on beam offset is provided. The step of determining a high-precision range estimate of the target based on the phase difference of P peak power subcarriers includes: determining the high-precision range estimate of the target based on a third preset formula for the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers; the third preset formula is:

[0016]

[0017] in, For the kth * The high-precision distance estimation result for each target; P is the number of wave scans in the high-precision positioning scheme; For the p-th wave scan, the k-th wave... * The frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; c is the speed of light; r is a one-dimensional distance search variable; The k-th wave in the p-th wave scan detected by the base station using its built-in detector * The phase measurement of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; j is a complex unit; arg max(·) is a function that seeks the desired parameters that maximize the objective function.

[0018] According to the present invention, an efficient beamoff-based integrated communication and sensing method is provided. Before determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal and determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, the method further includes: when the number of wavebands is not greater than Q, performing a step of setting the phase of N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units based on the sensing space required by the base station, where Q is a positive integer not less than 2, and the number of subcarriers transmitted by the base station in each group is different; determining the Q group angle estimate of the target in the Q group wavebands, and determining the angle estimate of the target's ultra-large bandwidth configuration based on the average value of the Q group angle estimate; determining the common peak or nearest neighbor peak in the Q group target distance search curves in the Q group wavebands, and determining the distance estimate of the target's ultra-large bandwidth configuration based on the common peak or nearest neighbor peak in the Q group target distance search curves; and determining the position of the target's ultra-large bandwidth configuration based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate.

[0019] The present invention also provides a MIMO-OFDM base station, comprising: a radio frequency chain, N true delay line units, N phase shifters, and N antenna units; the output terminals of the radio frequency chain are respectively connected to the input terminals of the N true delay line units, the output terminals of the N true delay line units are respectively connected to the input terminals of the N phase shifters, and the output terminals of the N phase shifters are respectively connected to the input terminals of the N antenna units, where N is a positive integer not less than 2.

[0020] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the efficient beam offset-based communication and sensing integration method as described above.

[0021] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the efficient beam-off-based integrated communication and sensing method as described above.

[0022] This invention provides a highly efficient beam-offset-based integrated communication and sensing method and components, applied to MIMO-OFDM base stations. By setting true delay line units between each phase shifter and antenna unit in the MIMO-OFDM base station, and setting the phase of the phase shifter and the delay value of the true delay line units based on the required sensing space of the base station, all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station can cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset method. The angle estimate of the target is determined based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the echo signal, and the distance estimate of the target is determined based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarrier. Finally, the position of the target is determined based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate. The base station only needs to transmit and receive a signal once to achieve full coverage beam-scan target sensing of the beam-offset space, ensuring the accuracy of target positioning and reducing time overhead. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a rapid target localization method based on beam offset provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a MIMO-OFDM base station provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of controllable beam offset based on true delay line unit assistance provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target positioning concept based on beam offset provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision target positioning scheme based on beam offset provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a simulation result diagram of an example of distance ambiguity resolution provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 1: RF chain; 2: True delay line unit; 3: Phase shifter; 4: Antenna unit. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0034] The following is combined with Figures 1-7 This invention describes an efficient beam offset-based integrated communication and sensing method and components.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a rapid target localization method based on beam offset provided by the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a MIMO-OFDM base station provided by the present invention.

[0037] This invention provides an efficient beamoff-based communication and sensing integration method, applied to a MIMO-OFDM base station. The MIMO-OFDM base station includes an RF chain 1, N true delay line units 2, N phase shifters 3, and N antenna units 4. The output of the RF chain 1 is connected to the input of each of the N true delay line units 2. The output of each of the N true delay line units 2 is connected to the input of each of the N phase shifters 3. The output of each of the N phase shifters 3 is connected to the input of each of the N antenna units 4. N is a positive integer not less than 2.

[0038] Efficient beam-off-based communication-sensing integration methods include:

[0039] 101: Based on the sensing space required by the base station, the phases of N phase shifters 3 and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units 2 are set so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to the predetermined beam offset method.

[0040] 102: Determine the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal, and determine the target angle estimate based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier;

[0041] 103: Determine the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers near the peak power subcarrier, and determine the target range estimate based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers;

[0042] 104: Determine the target's location based on the angle and distance estimates.

[0043] Existing schemes for non-cooperative target localization based on communication signals all assume that the communication signals are narrowband signals. However, 6G communication will use higher frequency bands, larger bandwidths, and beamforming technology based on massive MIMO arrays to achieve higher data rate communication transmission. In this case, for broadband communication systems using OFDM technology, since the phase shifter 3 is essentially a narrowband device and lacks broadband beamforming capability, beam offset occurs. That is, beams from subcarriers of different frequencies will disperse in different directions, causing the beam direction of some subcarriers to deviate from the expected angle. Beam offset is generally considered a negative effect in communication and should be compensated for and mitigated using true delay line units 2.

[0044] This invention enhances the sensing capability of an ISAC system by utilizing the beam shift effect in reverse. By placing a true delay line unit 2 between the phase shifter 3 and the antenna unit 4, the phase shifter 3 and the true delay line unit 2 in the MIMO-OFDM base station can be considered as a single broadband device, generating a frequency-varying beam. The beams of different subcarriers transmitted by the base station are adjusted by the true delay line unit 2, enabling full-coverage wave-scan target sensing. The angle estimate of the target is determined based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, and the distance estimate is determined based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers. Finally, the target's position is determined based on the angle and distance estimates. As long as the target is within this range, it can be sensed. The base station only needs to transmit a beam once to detect the target's location using specific subcarriers, ensuring the accuracy of target sensing. Furthermore, it avoids the need for time-division multiplexing to achieve full spatial beam coverage, reducing time overhead.

[0045] Specifically, this invention considers a broadband massive MIMO system using OFDM modulation operating in the millimeter-wave or terahertz frequency band, wherein the base station is equipped with an antenna spacing of... An N-element uniform linear array (ULA) and a single RF chain 1 are used, where the spatial location of the nth antenna is (0, nd). The carrier frequency and transmission bandwidth are f c Given W, assume there are a total of M+1 subcarriers for signal transmission, where the 0th subcarrier has the lowest passband frequency. The passband frequency of the m-th subcarrier is Meanwhile, the baseband frequency of the m-th subcarrier is denoted as... Assume the required sensing range of the base station is [θ] start ,θ end Within the sensing range of the base station, there are K non-cooperative targets. The Cartesian coordinates of the k-th target are (x, y).k ,y k The corresponding polar coordinate position is (r) k ,θ k ).

[0046] Wideband echo channel model

[0047] The distance between the nth antenna of the base station and the kth target is A signal is transmitted from the n1-th antenna of the base station, reflected by the k-th target, and the echo signal is received by the n2-th antenna of the base station. The total time delay of this path is... Therefore, the time-domain channel of this path can be obtained as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Where c is the speed of light, α k δ(·) represents path fading, and δ(·) represents the Dirac function. This represents the path delay from the n1-th antenna to the k-th target and back to the n2-th antenna, where f0 is the subcarrier frequency and j is the complex unit.

[0050] Performing a Fourier transform on it yields the frequency domain channel of the echo signal on the m-th subcarrier.

[0051]

[0052] Where, α k Indicates a specific channel fading, f m It is the frequency of the m-th subcarrier, r k θ is the distance to the k-th target in polar coordinates. k It is the angle of the polar coordinates of the k-th target.

[0053] Furthermore, the echo channel matrix formed by all antennas on the m-th subcarrier corresponding to the k-th target can be represented as H. k,m The overall echo channel matrix on the m-th subcarrier during the base station detection process is represented as:

[0054]

[0055] in, It is the steering vector of antenna element 4 array for the k-th target on the m-th subcarrier, (·) T This indicates the transpose operation.

[0056] It should be noted that this channel model is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is still applicable to other channel models.

[0057] Each antenna in the antenna element 4 array is connected to a phase shifter 3 and a true delay line element 2. Assume the phase shift of the nth phase shifter 3 is φ. n Then its time-domain response can be expressed as Its frequency domain response and time domain response are the same. Assume the time delay value of the nth true delay line element 2 is t. n Then its time-domain response can be expressed as δ(tt) n Its corresponding frequency domain response is At this time, the beamforming vector of the base station array is represented as:

[0058]

[0059] Where, φ n Let N be the phase shift amount of the nth phase shifter 3, where N represents the number of antennas in the base station, and j represents a complex unit. t represents the baseband frequency. n This represents the delay value of the nth true delay line unit 2.

[0060] By adjusting the phase shift amount of phase shifter 3, the 0th subcarrier can be focused towards the initial angle θ. start Specifically, you only need to set... By adjusting the delay value of true delay line unit 2, the Mth subcarrier can be focused towards the termination angle θ. end Specifically, you only need to set... Then, all subcarriers will be from the initial angle θ start Gradually shift to the termination angle θ end All subcarriers will cover the entire space.

[0061] In summary, the efficient beam offset-based integrated communication and sensing method provided by this invention allows the base station to achieve full-coverage beam-scan target sensing in the beam offset space by transmitting and receiving a signal only once, ensuring the accuracy of target positioning and reducing time overhead.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments:

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the phases of N phase shifters 3 and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units 2 are set based on the sensing space required by the base station, so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset method. This includes: determining the initial wave sweep angle of the base station, and determining the phases of N phase shifters 3 based on the initial wave sweep angle; the initial wave sweep angle coincides with the maximum angle of the sensing space; determining the wave sweep termination angle of the base station, and determining the delay values ​​of N true delay line units 2 based on the wave sweep termination angle; the termination angle coincides with the minimum angle of the sensing space; and setting N phase shifters 3 and N true delay line units 2 based on the phases and delay values ​​respectively, so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a beam offset method from the initial wave sweep angle to the wave sweep termination angle.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, determining the target's angle estimate based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier includes: determining the target's angle estimate using a first preset formula based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier; the first preset formula is:

[0065]

[0066] in, For the kth * The angle estimation results for each target, where W is the system transmission bandwidth; For the kth * The baseband frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; For the kth * The passband frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; f0 is the lowest subcarrier frequency of the OFDM signal; θ start θ represents the maximum angle perceived in space. end The smallest angle that can be perceived in space.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, determining the target range estimate based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers includes: determining the target range estimate using a second preset formula based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers; the second preset formula is:

[0068]

[0069] in, For the kth * Distance estimation results for the k-th target; * The sidelobe power subcarriers corresponding to each target have a total of indivual; For the kth * The first target corresponds to the The passband frequency of the sidelobe power subcarriers; r is the one-dimensional distance search variable; c is the speed of light; For subcarriers detected by the base station using its built-in detector The phase measurement value; j is the complex unit; arg max(·) is a function that seeks the desired parameters that make the objective function reach its maximum value.

[0070] Specifically, the base station transmits an OFDM probe signal once based on controllable beam offset and receives echo signals from K targets, where the echo signal on the m-th subcarrier is...

[0071]

[0072] Its corresponding echo signal power is g m =|y m The power of the echo signals from all subcarriers is concatenated into a vector, called the power spectrum of the echo signal, which can be expressed as:

[0073] g = [g0, g1, ..., g M ] T

[0074] φ n and t n Substitute y m Through formula derivation and simplification, it can be found that K peaks will appear in g, corresponding one-to-one with the target at K different angles. This can be achieved by detecting the frequency of the peak power subcarrier. Based on the first preset formula, the estimated angle of the target can be calculated.

[0075] Then consider the k-th * The peak power subcarriers corresponding to each target The phase of the peak sidelobe subcarrier, where the first... The theoretical phase of each sidelobe subcarrier is

[0076]

[0077] In addition, the base station can detect the first... The measured phase of each sidelobe subcarrier is The target's range estimate can be calculated based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers and the second preset formula.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of the controllable beam offset based on true delay line unit assistance provided by the present invention.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the target positioning concept based on beam offset provided by the present invention.

[0080] The simulation parameters are as follows: number of antenna elements 4, N = 128, carrier frequency f0 = 220 GHz, and bandwidth W = 22 GHz. For ease of visualization, the number of OFDM subcarriers is set to 32. An example of controllable beam shifting in a broadband system under the control of true delay line element 2 and phase shifter 3 is presented. By adjusting the phase shift amount of phase shifter 3, the beam pointing of subcarrier 0 is focused in the 60° direction; by adjusting the delay value of true delay line element 2, the beam pointing of subcarrier M is focused in the -60° direction; then all subcarriers gradually shift from the initial angle of 60° to the final angle of -60°; all subcarriers cover the entire sensing space.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision target positioning scheme based on beam offset provided by the present invention.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, before determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal and determining the target's angle estimate based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, the method further includes: when the number of wave sweeps is no more than P, performing a step of setting the phase of N phase shifters 3 and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units 2 based on the sensing space required by the base station, where P is a positive integer not less than 2, and the angle range of beam offset is different each time; determining P angle estimates of the target in P wave sweeps, and determining the high-precision angle estimate of the target based on the P angle estimates; determining the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers of the target in P wave sweeps, and determining the high-precision distance estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers; and determining the high-precision position of the target based on the high-precision angle estimate and the high-precision distance estimate of the target.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment, determining the high-precision range estimate of the target based on the phase difference of P peak power subcarriers includes: determining the high-precision range estimate of the target based on a third preset formula for the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers; the third preset formula is:

[0084]

[0085] in, For the kth * The high-precision distance estimation result for each target; P is the number of wave scans in the high-precision positioning scheme; For the p-th wave scan, the k-th wave... * The frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; c is the speed of light; r is a one-dimensional distance search variable; The k-th wave in the p-th wave scan detected by the base station using its built-in detector *The phase measurement of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; j is a complex unit; arg max(·) is a function that seeks the desired parameters that maximize the objective function.

[0086] To improve the accuracy of target positioning, this embodiment provides a high-precision target positioning scheme based on beam offset. The base station can implement P beam offset-based single target positioning methods, but the angle range of beam offset is different each time. In each beam sweep, the base station can still detect the frequency and measurement phase of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target. The base station uses the frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to the target and the first preset formula to calculate the preliminary angle estimate of the target in each beam sweep. After P beam sweeps, the base station calculates the average value of the preliminary angle estimates of the target in each beam sweep as the high-precision angle estimate of the target. The base station further uses the phase difference of the P peak power subcarriers corresponding to the target to calculate the high-precision distance estimate of the target. The high-precision angle estimate and the high-precision distance estimate of the target are used as the high-precision positioning result of the target to achieve non-cooperative target positioning.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The simulation results are shown as an example of distance ambiguity resolution provided by the present invention.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, before determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal and determining the target angle estimate based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, the method further includes: when the number of waveband groups is no greater than Q groups, performing a step of setting the phase of N phase shifters 3 and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units 2 based on the sensing space required by the base station, where Q is a positive integer not less than 2, and the number of subcarriers transmitted by each group of base stations is different; determining the Q group angle estimate of the target in the Q group wavebands, and determining the angle estimate of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration based on the average value of the Q group angle estimates; determining the common peak or nearest peak in the Q group target distance search curves in the Q group wavebands, and determining the distance estimate of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration based on the common peak or nearest peak in the Q group target distance search curves; and determining the position of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration.

[0089] Considering the potential for distance ambiguity when applied to ultra-large bandwidth configurations, this embodiment provides a distance ambiguity resolution scheme for ultra-large bandwidth configurations. With a fixed system transmission bandwidth, the base station implements either the beam offset-based single-target positioning scheme or the beam offset-based high-precision target positioning scheme described in the Q-group, where each beam sweep uses a different number of subcarriers. The base station uses the average of the target angle estimates in the implemented Q-group positioning as the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration angle estimate. The base station determines the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration distance estimate by finding the common peak or nearest neighbor peak in the Q-group target distance search curve generated by the Q-group positioning. The target ultra-large bandwidth configuration angle estimate and the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration distance estimate are used as the final target positioning result, thus achieving target positioning.

[0090] The simulation parameters were set as follows: antenna number N = 128, carrier frequency f0 = 220 GHz, and bandwidth W = 10 GHz. Two high-precision target localization schemes based on beam offset were enabled (Q = 2) to resolve the range ambiguity problem, with subcarrier numbers of 4096 and 3900 respectively. By finding the common peak or nearest neighbor peak of the two range search curves, a unique range estimate of the target can be determined, thus resolving the range ambiguity.

[0091] The present invention also provides a MIMO-OFDM base station, comprising: an RF chain 1, N true delay line units 2, N phase shifters 3, and N antenna units 4; the output terminals of the RF chain 1 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the N true delay line units 2, the output terminals of the N true delay line units 2 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the N phase shifters 3, and the output terminals of the N phase shifters 3 are respectively connected to the input terminals of the N antenna units 4, where N is a positive integer not less than 2.

[0092] For an introduction to the MIMO-OFDM base station provided by this invention, please refer to the above method embodiments; the invention itself will not be described in detail here.

[0093] Figure 7 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 7As shown, the electronic device may include a processor 701, a communications interface 702, a memory 703, and a communication bus 704. The processor 701, communications interface 702, and memory 703 communicate with each other via the communication bus 704. The processor 701 can call logic instructions in the memory 703 to execute an efficient beam-offset-based integrated communication and sensing method. This method includes: setting the phase of N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units based on the sensing space required by the base station, so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset; determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal, and determining the target's angle estimate based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier; determining the target's range estimate based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers near the peak power subcarrier, and determining the target's position based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers; and determining the target's position based on the angle estimate and the range estimate.

[0094] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 703 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0095] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements an efficient beam-offset-based integrated communication and sensing method provided by the methods described above. This method includes: setting the phases of N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of N true delay line units based on the sensing space required by the base station, so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset; determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal, and determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier; determining the distance estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers near the peak power subcarrier, and determining the distance estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers; and determining the position of the target based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate.

[0096] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0097] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient communication-sensing integrated method based on beam offset, characterized in that, This invention is applied to a MIMO-OFDM base station, which includes a radio frequency chain, N true delay line units, N phase shifters, and N antenna units. The output of the radio frequency chain is connected to the input of each of the N true delay line units, the output of each of the N true delay line units is connected to the input of each of the N phase shifters, and the output of each of the N phase shifters is connected to the input of each of the N antenna units, where N is a positive integer not less than 2. The efficient beam-off-based communication-sensing integration method includes: Based on the sensing space required by the base station, the phases of the N phase shifters and the delay values ​​of the N true delay line units are set so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset method; Determine the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal, and determine the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier; Determine the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers near the peak power subcarrier, and determine the range estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers; The position of the target is determined based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate; The sensing space required by the base station N The phase of the phase shifter and N The delay values ​​of each of the true delay line units are set so that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space according to a predetermined beam offset method, including: Determine the initial wave scan angle of the base station, and determine based on the initial wave scan angle... N The phase of the phase shifter; the initial angle of the wave sweep coincides with the maximum angle of the sensing space; Determine the wave scan termination angle of the base station, and determine based on the wave scan termination angle... N The delay value of each of the true delay line units; the termination angle coincides with the minimum angle of the sensing space; Based on the phase and the time delay value, respectively set N The phase shifter and N The true delay line unit is configured to ensure that all subcarrier beams transmitted by the base station cover the sensing space in a beam offset manner from the initial angle of the wave scan to the final angle of the wave scan. Determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier includes: The angle estimate of the target is determined using a first preset formula based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier. The first preset formula is: ， in, For the first Angle estimation results for each target For system transmission bandwidth; For the first The baseband frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; For the first The passband frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; This is the lowest subcarrier frequency of the OFDM signal; The maximum angle of the perceived space; The minimum angle of the perceived space; Determining the range estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers includes: The distance estimate of the target is determined using a second preset formula based on the phase difference of the sidelobe power subcarriers; The second preset formula is: ， in, For the first Distance estimation results for the first target; The sidelobe power subcarriers corresponding to each target have a total of indivual; For the first The first target corresponds to the The passband frequency of each sidelobe power subcarrier; r For one-dimensional distance search variables; c The speed of light; For subcarriers detected by the base station using its built-in detector The phase measurement value; j For complex units; To find a function with desired parameters that maximizes the objective function.

2. The efficient beam-off-based integrated communication and sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal and determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, the method further includes: No more than P At this time, the required sensing space based on the base station is executed. N The phase of the phase shifter and N The step of setting the delay value of each of the true delay line units. P The value is a positive integer not less than 2, and the range of the beam offset angle is different each time; Sure P The target described in the second wave scan P An estimated value for each angle, and based on P The aforementioned angle estimates determine the high-precision angle estimate of the target; Sure P The target described in the second wave scan P The phase difference of each peak power subcarrier, and according to P The phase difference of the peak power subcarriers determines the high-precision range estimate of the target; The high-precision position of the target is determined based on the high-precision angle estimate and the high-precision distance estimate of the target.

3. The efficient beam-off-based integrated communication and sensing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, According to P Determining a high-precision range estimate of the target based on the phase difference of the peak power subcarriers includes: according to P The phase difference of the peak power subcarriers is used to determine the high-precision distance estimate of the target using a third preset formula; The third preset formula is: ， in, For the first High-precision distance estimation results for each target; P The number of wave scans in a high-precision positioning scheme; For the first Second wave scanning The frequency of the peak power subcarrier corresponding to each target; c The speed of light; r For one-dimensional distance search variables; The first one detected by the base station using the built-in detector Second wave scanning Phase measurements of the peak power subcarriers corresponding to each target; j For complex units; To find a function with desired parameters that maximizes the objective function.

4. The efficient beam-off-based integrated communication and sensing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Before determining the frequency of the peak power subcarrier in the power spectrum of the target echo signal and determining the angle estimate of the target based on the frequency of the peak power subcarrier, the method further includes: The number of wave scan groups is not greater than Q When grouping, perform operations based on the sensing space required by the base station. N The phase of the phase shifter and N The step of setting the delay value of each of the true delay line units. Q The number of subcarriers transmitted by each group of base stations is a positive integer not less than 2. Sure Q The target described in the group wave scan Q Group angle estimates, and based on Q The average of the angle estimates in the group determines the angle estimate of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration; Sure Q Group wave scanning Q The common peak or nearest peak in the target group distance search curve, and based on Q The common peak or nearest peak in the target distance search curves of the group determines the distance estimate of the target's ultra-large bandwidth configuration; The location of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration is determined based on the angle estimate and the distance estimate of the target ultra-large bandwidth configuration.

5. A MIMO-OFDM base station, characterized in that, The MIMO-OFDM base station employs the efficient beam offset-based integrated communication and sensing method described in any one of claims 1 to 4; the MIMO-OFDM base station includes a radio frequency chain, N True delay line unit, N A phase shifter and N One antenna element; The output terminals of the radio frequency chain are respectively connected to N The input terminals of the aforementioned true delay line units are connected, N The output terminals of each of the aforementioned true delay line units correspond one-to-one with... N The input terminals of the phase shifters are connected. N The output terminals of each phase shifter correspond one-to-one with... N The input terminals of the antenna elements are connected to, N It is a positive integer not less than 2.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the efficient beam offset-based communication and sensing integration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the efficient beam offset-based communication and sensing integration method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images