Methods and apparatus for rapid connection and maintenance of millimeter wave systems

Abstract

In one aspect of the invention, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a UE (User Equipment). The UE receives an instruction on a primary cell (PCell) to add a primary-secondary cell group (SCG) cell (PSCell). The UE initiates a random access procedure on the PSCell. During the random access procedure, the UE receives one or more reference signals in the PSCell; and the UE measures one or more reference signals to select an antenna panel and beam to receive data in the PSCell; after completing the random access procedure, the UE receives data in the beam at the antenna panel. This invention achieves the beneficial effects of quickly connecting to and maintaining the connectivity of an MMW (Multi-Mobile Network) system, thereby improving the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates generally to communication systems, and more specifically, to techniques for rapidly ramping up frequency range 2 (FR2) connections at user equipment (UE) and maintaining FR2 connections. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information relating to the invention and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of these multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA).

[0004] These multiple access technologies are applicable to various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the continuous evolution of mobile broadband released through the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT), and others). Some aspects of 5G NR can be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. 5G NR technology still requires further improvement. These improvements can also be applied to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that adopt them. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following is a simplified overview of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of them. This overview is not a comprehensive overview of all anticipated aspects and is neither intended to identify key or essential elements of all aspects, nor to depict the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present certain concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0006] In one aspect of the invention, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a UE (User Equipment). The UE includes a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory. The at least one processor is configured to: receive an instruction on a primary cell (PCell) indicating the addition of a primary-secondary cell group (SCG) cell (PSCell). The at least one processor is configured to initiate a random access procedure on the PSCell. During the execution of the random access procedure, the at least one processor is configured to receive one or more reference signals in the PSCell; and to measure one or more reference signals to select an antenna panel and beam to receive data in the PSCell; the at least one processor is configured to receive data at the antenna panel and in the beam after the random access procedure is completed.

[0007] The method includes receiving an instruction on the primary cell (PCell) to add a primary-secondary cell group (SCG) cell (PSCell); initiating a random access procedure for the PSCell; receiving one or more reference signals in the PSCell while performing the random access procedure; measuring one or more reference signals to select an antenna panel and beam to receive data in the PSCell; and receiving data in the beam at the antenna panel after the random access procedure is completed.

[0008] The computer-readable medium is a storage medium for fast connection and maintenance of millimeter-wave systems, wherein when the code is executed, it causes the processor of a user equipment to perform the following steps: receiving an instruction on the primary cell (PCell) to add a primary-secondary cell group (SCG) cell (PSCell); initiating a random access procedure for the PSCell; receiving one or more reference signals in the PSCell while performing the random access procedure; measuring one or more reference signals to select an antenna panel and beam to receive data in the PSCell; and receiving data in the beam at the antenna panel after the random access procedure is completed.

[0009] This invention proposes a method and apparatus for rapid connection and maintenance of millimeter-wave (MMW) systems, which achieves the beneficial effect of rapidly connecting and maintaining the connection of MMW systems, thereby improving the user experience.

[0010] To accomplish the foregoing and related objectives, the features included in and specifically pointed out in the claims of the one or more aspects are fully described below. Certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects are set forth in detail in the following description and accompanying drawings. However, these features indicate several of the various ways in which the principles of the aspects are employed, and the description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and access network.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a block diagram showing a base station communicating with the UE in the access network.

[0013] Figure 3 An example logical architecture for a distributed radio access network is shown.

[0014] Figure 4 An example physical architecture for a distributed radio access network is shown.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a time slot centered on DL.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a time slot centered on UL.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the FR2 connection process.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optimized CSM process 748.

[0019] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram illustrating optimized reference signal scheduling for beam training and timing / frequency tracking during the random access process.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the Layer 1 reference signal received power smart beam reporting.

[0021] Figure 11 A diagram illustrating RSRP value boosting techniques.

[0022] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of a device using a processing system. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are intended as descriptions of various configurations and are not intended to represent the only configuration in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. Specific details are included to provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some examples, known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring these concepts.

[0024] Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be described with reference to various apparatuses and methods. These apparatuses and methods will be described in the embodiments described below, and will be illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, and algorithms (collectively referred to as “components”). These components may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these components are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0025] Components, any part of components, or any combination of components can be implemented as an example of a "processing system" including one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functions described throughout this invention. One or more processors in the processing system can execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, intermediate software, microcode, hardware description language, or something else, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, processes, and functions.

[0026] Therefore, in one or more aspects, the described functionality can be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality can be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media can be any available medium accessible by a computer. Examples, but not limited to, such computer-readable media can include random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, and combinations of the above computer-readable media types, or any other medium for storing computer-executable code in the form of computer-accessible instructions or data structures.

[0027] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and access network 100. The wireless communication system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) includes a base station 102, a user interface unit (UE) 104, an evolved packet core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G core (5GC)). The base station 102 may include macrocells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Macrocells include base stations. Small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.

[0028] Base station 102 configured for 4G (collectively referred to as the Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access Network, E-UTRAN) is connected to the core network interface 160 via backhaul link 132 (e.g., S1 interface). Base station 102 configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as the Next Generation RAN, NG-RAN) is connected to the core network interface 190 via backhaul link 184. In addition to other functions, base station 102 may perform one or more of the following functions: user data transmission, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution of non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), user and device tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, location, and alarm message transmission. Base station 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other via backhaul link 134 (e.g., X2 interface). Backhaul link 134 may be wired or wireless.

[0029] Base station 102 can wirelessly communicate with UE 104. Each of base stations 102 can provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110. Overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 may exist. For example, small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with the coverage areas 110 of one or more macro base stations 102. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells can be called a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include home-evolved node B (HeNB), where HeNB can provide services to restricted groups called closed subscriber groups (CSG). The communication link 120 between base station 102 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) transmission (also called reverse link) from UE 104 to base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) transmission (also called forward link) transmission from base station 102 to UE 104. Communication link 120 may use Multiple-Input And Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technology, which includes spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may be via one or more carriers. Base station 102 / UE 104 may use a spectrum of up to 7 MHz bandwidth per carrier (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400 MHz, etc.), where each carrier is allocated in a total of up to Yx MHz of carrier aggregation (x component carriers) for transmission in each direction. Carriers may be adjacent to each other or not. The allocation of carriers for DL ​​and UL may be asymmetrical (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL than to UL). Component carriers may include primary component carriers and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell), and the secondary component carriers may be referred to as secondary cells (SCells).

[0030] Some UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication links 158. D2D communication links 158 can use DL / UL WWAN spectrum. D2D communication links 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as the physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be conducted through various wireless D2D communication systems, such as FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

[0031] The wireless communication system may further include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150, wherein the Wi-Fi AP 150 communicates with a Wi-Fi station (STA) 152 via a communication link 154 in the 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum. When communicating in the unlicensed spectrum, the STA 152 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) before communication to determine whether the channel is available.

[0032] Cell 102' can operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in unlicensed spectrum, cell 102' can employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum as Wi-Fi AP 150. Employing NR in unlicensed spectrum can improve the coverage and / or increase the capacity of the access network.

[0033] Base station 102, whether in a small cell or a large area (e.g., a macro base station), may include an eNB, a next-generation node B (gNodeB, gNB) 180, or another type of base station. Some base stations, such as gNB 180, can operate in the conventional sub-6 GHz band, millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, and / or near-mmW frequencies to communicate with UE 104. When gNB 180 operates at mmW or near-mmW frequencies, gNB 180 may be referred to as an mmW base station. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is a portion of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range of 30 GHz to 300 GHz and wavelengths between 1 mm and 10 mm. Radio waves in this band may be referred to as millimeter waves. Near-mmW can extend down to 3 GHz frequencies with wavelengths of 100 mm. The ultra-high frequency (SHF) band ranges from 3 GHz to 30 GHz and is also known as centimeter wave. Communication using mmW / near mmW RF bands (e.g., 3 GHz to 300 GHz) suffers from extremely high path loss and short coverage. Beamforming 182 can be used between mmW base station 180 and UE 104 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short coverage.

[0034] Base station 180 can transmit beamforming signals to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 108a. UE 104 can receive beamforming signals from base station 180 in one or more receive directions 108b. UE 104 can also transmit beamforming signals to base station 180 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 180 can receive beamforming signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 180 / UE 104 can perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each base station 180 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 180 can be the same or different. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 can be the same or different.

[0035] EPC 160 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a serving gateway 166, an MBMS gateway 168, a broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC) 170, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway 172. MME 162 can communicate with the home subscriber server (HSS) 174. MME 162 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and EPC 160. Typically, MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transmitted through the serving gateway 166, which is itself connected to the PDN gateway 172. The PDN gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The PDN gateway 172 and BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP service 176. IP service 176 may include the Internet, intranet, IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), packet-switching streaming service (PSS), and / or other IP services. BM-SC 170 can provide functions for MBMS user service provision and delivery. BM-SC 170 can serve as an entry point for MBMS transmission by content providers, can be used to authorize and initiate MBMS bearer services in public land mobile networks (PLMNs), and can be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. MBMS gateway 168 can be used to allocate MBMS services to base stations 102 that belong to broadcast-specific services in multicast broadcast single-frequency network (MBSFN) areas, and can be responsible for session management (start / stop) and collection of payment information related to evolved MBMS (eMBMS).

[0036] The core network 190 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Location Management Function (LMF) 198, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 can communicate with the Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 is the control node that handles signaling between the UE 104 and the core network 190. Typically, the SMF 194 provides QoS streaming and session management. All user Internet Protocol (IP) data packets are transmitted through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The UPF 195 connects to an IP service 197. The IP service 197 may include the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), PS streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0037] A base station may also be referred to as a gNB, Node B (NB), eNB, AP, base transceiver station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), transmit and receive point (TRP), or other suitable terms. Base station 102 provides UE 104 with access to EPC 160 and core network 190. Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet computers, smart devices, wearable devices, automobiles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional device. Some UE 104 devices may also be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking timers, air pumps, ovens, cars, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as station, mobile station, user station, mobile unit, user unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile user station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, user agent, mobile user, user, or other suitable terms.

[0038] Although this invention may refer to 5G New Radio (NR), the present invention is applicable to other similar fields, such as LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) or other wireless / radio access technologies.

[0039] Figure 2This is a block diagram illustrating communication between base station 210 and UE 250 in the access network. In the DL, IP packets from core network 160 or core network 190 can be provided to controller / processor 275. Controller / processor 275 implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functions. Layer 3 includes the radio resource control (RRC) layer, and Layer 2 includes the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, and medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 275 provides RRC layer functions, PDCP layer functions, RLC layer functions, and MAC layer functions. The RRC layer functions are associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) broadcasting, RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting. The PDCP layer functions are associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions. The RLC layer functions are associated with the transmission of upper-layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), and RLC data packet data units. The re-segmentation of PDUs (Programmable Units) and the reordering of RLC data PDUs are related; MAC layer functions are related to the mapping between logical channels and transport channels, the multiplexing of MAC SDUs on transport blocks (TBs), the demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority processing, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0040] The transmit (TX) processor 216 and receive (RX) processor 270 implement Layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, including the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding on the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping on the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 216 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), and M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The encoded and modulated symbols can then be split into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and then combined using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM streams are spatially precoded to generate multiple spatial streams. The channel estimate from channel estimator 274 can be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate can be derived from the reference signal transmitted by UE 250 and / or channel state feedback. Each spatial stream can then be provided to different antennas 220 via transmitters 218TX in respective transmitters and receivers 218. Each transmitter 218TX can modulate an RF carrier using the corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0041] In UE 250, each receiver 254RX (transceiver 254 includes receiver 254RX and transmitter 254TX) receives signals through a corresponding antenna 252. Each receiver 254RX recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides this information to the RX processor 256. The TX processor 268 and RX processor 256 implement Layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 256 performs spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for UE 250. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 250, they can be combined into a single OFDM symbol stream by the RX processor 256. The RX processor 256 then uses a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal includes individual OFDM symbol streams for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols and reference signals on each subcarrier are recovered and demodulated by determining the most probable signal constellation point transmitted by base station 210. Soft decision is based on the channel estimate calculated by channel estimator 258. The aforementioned soft decision is then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by base station 210 on the physical channel. These data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 259, which implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functions.

[0042] Controller / processor 259 may be associated with memory 260, which stores program code and data. Memory 260 may be referred to as computer-readable medium. In UL, controller / processor 259 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transmission and logical channels to recover IP packets from EPC 160 or core network 190. Controller / processor 259 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0043] Similar to the functional description related to DL transmission of base station 210, controller / processor 259 provides RRC layer functions, PDCP layer functions, RLC layer functions, and MAC layer functions. The RRC layer functions are associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting. The PDCP layer functions are associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification). The RLC layer functions are associated with the transmission of upper-layer PDUs, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs. The MAC layer functions are associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, MAC SDU multiplexing on TB, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TB, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority processing, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0044] The TX processor 268 can use the channel estimate derived from the reference signal transmitted by the channel estimator 258 or from the feedback to select a suitable coding and modulation scheme, and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the TX processor 268 can be provided to different antennas 252 via each transmitter 254TX. Each transmitter 254TX can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate the RF carrier for transmission. Processing UL transmissions in the base station 210 is similar to the function of the receiver in the UE 250 to which it is connected. Receiver 218RX in each transmitter and receiver 218 receives signals through a corresponding antenna 220. Each receiver 218RX recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides this information to the RX processor 270.

[0045] Controller / processor 275 may be associated with memory 276, which stores program code and data. Memory 276 may be referred to as computer-readable medium. In the UL, controller / processor 275 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets from UE 250. IP packets from controller / processor 275 may be provided to core network 160 or core network 190. Controller / processor 275 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0046] NR refers to a radio configured to operate under a new air interface (e.g., in addition to OFDMA-based air interfaces) or a fixed transport layer (e.g., in addition to IP). NR can use OFDM with a cyclic prefix (CP) in both UL and DL, and can include support for half-duplex operation using Time Division Duplexing (TDD). NR can include tasks for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services with wide bandwidths (e.g., exceeding 80 MHz), millimeter wave (mmW) services with high carrier frequencies (e.g., 60 GHz), massive MTC (mMTC) services for non-backward-compatible machine-type communication (MTC) technologies, and / or services for ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC).

[0047] It can support a single-component carrier bandwidth of 100MHz. In one example, the NR RB can span 12 subcarriers, with a subcarrier bandwidth of 60kHz over a duration of 0.25 milliseconds or 30kHz over a duration of 0.5 milliseconds (similarly, a 50MHz BW for a 15kHz SCS over a duration of 1 millisecond). Each radio frame can include 10 subframes (10, 20, 40, or 80 NR slots) with a length of 10 milliseconds. Each slot can indicate the link direction for data transmission (e.g., DL or UL), and the link direction of each slot can be dynamically switched. Each slot can include DL / UL data and DL / UL control data. (About...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 The UL and DL time slots used for NR can be described in more detail below.

[0048] NR RAN can include a central unit (CU) and distributed units (DU). NR base stations (e.g., gNB, 5G Node B, Node B, Transmission Reception Point (TRP), AP) can correspond to one or more base stations. NR cells can be configured as access cells (ACells) or data-only cells (DCells). For example, the RAN (e.g., central unit or distributed unit) can configure cells. DCells can be cells used for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity, and cannot be used for initial access, cell selection / reselection, or handover. In some cases, DCells may not transmit synchronization signals (SS). In some cases, DCells may transmit SS. NR BS can send DL signals to the UE to indicate the cell type. Based on the cell type instruction, the UE can communicate with the NR BS. For example, the UE can determine the NR base station based on the indicated cell type to consider for cell selection, access, handover, and / or measurement.

[0049] Figure 3An example logical architecture of a distributed RAN 300 is illustrated according to various aspects of the present invention. A 5G access node (AN) 306 may include an access node controller (ANC) 302. The ANC may be the central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN 300. The backhaul interface to the next-generation core network (NG-CN) 304 may terminate at the ANC. The backhaul interface to the adjacent next-generation access node (NG-AN) 310 may terminate at the ANC. The ANC may be associated with one or more TRPs 308 (also referred to as base stations, NR base stations, node Bs, 5G node Bs, APs, or other terms) via the F1 control plan protocol (F1-C) / F1 user plan protocol (F1-U). As mentioned above, TRPs may be used interchangeably with "cells".

[0050] TRP 308 can be a distributed unit (DU). A TRP can connect to one or more ANCs (ANC302) (not shown). For example, for RAN sharing, serving radio (RaaS), and service-specific ANC deployments, the TRP can connect to more than one ANC. A TRP can include one or more antenna ports. The TRP can be configured to provide services to the UE independently (e.g., dynamically selected) or jointly (e.g., jointly transmitted).

[0051] The local architecture of the distributed RAN 300 can be used to illustrate the fronthaul definition. The architecture can be defined to support fronthaul solutions across different deployment types. For example, the architecture can be based on transport network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and / or jitter). The architecture can share features and / or components with LTE. Depending on various aspects, the NG-AN 310 can support dual connectivity with NR. The NG-AN can share a common fronthaul for both LTE and NR.

[0052] This architecture can enable collaboration between TRPs 308. For example, collaboration can be pre-configured within a TRP and / or across TRPs via ANC 302. Depending on the aspects, an inter-TRP interface may not be required or may not exist.

[0053] Depending on various factors, the dynamic configuration of separate logical functions can be achieved within a distributed RAN 300 architecture. PDCP, RLC, and MAC protocols can be adaptively placed in the ANC or TRP.

[0054] Figure 4 An example physical architecture of a distributed RAN 400 is illustrated according to various aspects of the present invention. A centralized core network unit (C-CU) 402 can host core network functions. The C-CU can be deployed centrally. C-CU functions can be offloaded (e.g., to an advanced wireless service (AWS)) to handle peak capacity. A centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 404 can host one or more ANC functions. Optionally, the C-RU can host core network functions locally. The C-RU can be deployed in a distributed manner. The C-RU can be located closer to the network edge. A DU 406 can host one or more TRPs. The DU can be located at the network edge with RF functionality.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram 500 illustrating an example of a DL-centered time slot. The DL-centered time slot may include a control section 502. The control section 502 may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the DL-centered time slot. The control section 502 may include various scheduling information and / or control information corresponding to the various portions of the DL-centered time slot. In some configurations, the control section 502 may be a PDCCH, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the DL-centric time slot may also include a DL data portion 504. The DL data portion 504 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the DL-centric time slot. The DL data portion 504 may include communication resources for transmitting DL data from a scheduling entity (e.g., a UE or BS) to a subordinate entity (e.g., a UE). In some configurations, the DL data portion 504 may be a PDSCH.

[0056] The DL-centered time slot may also include a shared UL portion 506. The shared UL portion 506 may sometimes be referred to as a UL burst, a shared UL burst, and / or various other suitable terms. The shared UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to the various other portions of the DL-centered time slot. For example, the shared UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to the control portion 502. Non-limiting examples of feedback information may include ACK signals, NACK signals, HARQ indicators, and / or various other suitable types of information. The shared UL portion 506 may include additional or alternative information, such as information regarding the random access channel (RACH) process, scheduling requests (SR), and various other suitable types of information.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the end of the DL data portion 504 may be time-separated from the start of the common UL portion 506. This time interval may sometimes be referred to as a gap, guard period, guard interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This interval provides time for the switch from DL communication (e.g., a receiving operation of a lower-level entity (e.g., a UE)) to UL communication (e.g., a transmitting operation of a lower-level entity (e.g., a UE)). Those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing is merely one example of a DL-centric time slot, and alternative structures with similar characteristics may exist without departing from the various aspects described herein.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram 600 illustrating an example of a UL-centered time slot. The UL-centered time slot may include a control section 602. The control section 602 may be present at the beginning or start of the UL-centered time slot. Figure 6 The control section 602 in the reference above can be similar to the one mentioned above. Figure 5 The control section 502 is described. The UL-centric time slot may also include a UL data section 604. The UL data section 604 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the UL-centric time slot. The UL section refers to the communication resources used to transmit UL data from a lower-level entity (e.g., the UE) to a scheduling entity (e.g., the UE or the BS). In some configurations, the control section 602 may be a PDCCH.

[0059] like Figure 6As shown, the end of control section 602 may be time-separated from the start of UL data section 604. This time interval may sometimes be referred to as a gap, protection period, protection interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This interval provides time for switching from DL communication (e.g., receiving operations of a scheduling entity) to UL communication (e.g., transmitting operations of a scheduling entity). UL-centric time slots may also include a shared UL section 606. Figure 6 The common UL part 606 in the above is similar to the one mentioned above. Figure 5 The common UL portion 506 is described. The common UL portion 606 may additionally or alternatively include information regarding CQI, SRS, and various other suitable types of information. Those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing is merely one example of a UL-centric time slot, and alternative structures with similar features may exist without departing from the various aspects described herein.

[0060] In some cases, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) can communicate with each other using sidelink signaling. Practical applications of this type of sidelink communication can include public safety, proximity services, UE-to-network relay, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, Internet of Everything (IoE) communication, IoT communication, mission-critical mesh, and / or various other suitable applications. Typically, sidelink signaling refers to the transmission of a signal from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE 1) to another (e.g., UE 2) without requiring relay communication through a scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS), even if the scheduling entity could be used for scheduling or control purposes. In some examples, licensed spectrum can be used to transmit sidelink signals (unlike wireless LANs, which typically use licensed spectrum).

[0061] Figure 7 A schematic diagram 700 illustrates the FR2 connection process. In this example, base station 703 (i.e., one or more base stations) controls TRP 702 and TRP 706. UE 704 can connect to TRP 702 via a primary cell (PCell) 712 and multiple optional secondary cells (SCells) 714-1 to SCell 714-M. PCell 712 and SCells 714-1 to SCell 714-M are collectively referred to as the master cell group (MCG) 716. These cells in TRP 702 operate at low carrier frequencies (e.g., FR1) and can provide good coverage and reliable communication.

[0062] Furthermore, using the techniques described below, UE 704 can also connect to TRP 706 via a secondary cell group (SCG) 726 comprising a primary SCG cell (PSCell) 722 and one or more optional secondary SCG cells (SCells) 724-1 to SCell 724-N. Those cells of TRP 706 operate at high carrier frequencies (e.g., FR2) and can provide high data rates and high network capacity.

[0063] In the example, TRP 702 instructs UE 704 to receive signals from neighboring cell SCG 726 via message 732 (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration). UE 704 acknowledges message 732 by sending message 734 (e.g., RRC reconfiguration complete) and begins its measurements. When one of the reporting configurations is triggered, UE 704 sends an RRC measurement report 736 to TRP 702.

[0064] Subsequently, TRP 702 can send an S-Node Addition Request message 738 to TRP 706 to request TRP 706 to act as a secondary node (S-node) for UE 704. If TRP 706 accepts UE 704, it replies with an S-Node Addition Request Acknowledge message 740. As part of its reply, TRP 706 also provides an embedded RRC reconfiguration message for UE 704. TRP 702 forwards TRP 706's RRC message to UE 704 by embedding TRP 706's RRC message into its own RRC message 742. UE 704 reconfigures itself as instructed, acknowledging TRP 702 with an RRC message 744 that includes the embedded acknowledgment to TRP 706. TRP702 retrieves the acknowledgment and forwards it to TRP 706 as part of the S-Node Reconfiguration Complete message 746.

[0065] Based on the information included in RRC message 742, UE 704 can initiate cell search and cell measurement (CSM) process 748 to detect cells in TRP 706. Once UE 704 determines that the quality 706 of the TRP's cells is sufficient, UE 704 can designate the cell as PSCell 722 and then initiate random access process 750 on PSCell 722.

[0066] More specifically, in the example, UE 704 receives RRC message 742, which includes the S-node add message, in time slot n. Therefore, UE 704 can proceed no later than time slot ⌊n+T. config_PSCell / Timeslot length⌋Start random access process 750, where:

[0067]

[0068] T RRC_delay It is the RRC process delay specified in 3GPP TS 38.331; T processing This refers to the software processing time required for UE 704, which may include the RF warm-up period; T search For AGC stabilization time and PSS / SSS detection time; For precise time tracking and acquisition of full-time information of the target cell; T PSCell_DU It is the delay uncertainty in obtaining the first available PRACH timing in PSCell 722.

[0069] Figure 8 A schematic diagram 800 illustrates the optimized CSM process 748. In the example, UE 704 has antenna panels 810-1, 810-2, ..., and 810-P, wherein each antenna panel may be equipped with X transceiver units (TXRUs) 810-1-1 to 810-1-X, TXRUs 810-2-1 to TXRUs 810-2-X, ..., and TXRUs 810-P-1 to TXRUs 810-PX. Furthermore, each TXRU may be connected to one or more antennas.

[0070] In process 706, TRP 706 transmits SSB 842-1 to SSB 842-M in PSCell 722. In process 822, UE 704 detects the reception quality of antenna panels 810-1 to 810-P. For example, UE 704 can use the antenna panels to receive one or more of the SSBs and measure, for example, the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the received SSBs. When the RSRP at an antenna panel is higher than a threshold, UE 704 determines that the antenna panel has good reception quality. UE 704 can determine the best antenna panel with the highest RSRP. Therefore, UE 704 can determine the best antenna panel, the second best antenna panel, and so on. In this example, UE 704 determines that the best antenna panel is 810-1.

[0071] TRP 706 can provide one or more cells (carriers) and transmit SSBs in each cell. In process 824, UE 704 uses a specific beam to check the quality of the cell. UE 704 initially uses the currently optimal antenna panel (e.g., antenna panel 810-1) to receive the signal in the cell using a specific receive beam selected from a predetermined beam set. For example, UE 704 may initially apply a specific antenna weight vector (AWV) to TXRU 810-1-1 to TXRU 810-1-X to form a wide receive beam to receive SSBs in one or more cells.

[0072] In process 826, UE 704 attempts to measure the SSB in a specific cell received using a specific receive beam through the currently optimal antenna panel, and determines the corresponding RSRP (and / or RSSI in some configurations). Once a specific cell is found and the corresponding RSRP is determined, UE 704 further determines, based on the RSRP, whether the reception quality of that specific cell is sufficient. Additionally, UE 704 can decode the PBCH carried in the SSB received through the antenna panel and determine whether the decoded PBCH passes the cyclic redundancy check (CRC). If it passes the CRC, UE 704 determines that the reception quality of the specific cell is sufficient.

[0073] When UE 704 has found a cell of TRP 706 in process 826 with sufficient reception quality by using the specific receive beam and antenna panel determined in process 824, UE 704 initiates random access procedure 750 for that cell. When UE 704 cannot find a cell of TRP 706 with sufficient reception quality by using the specific receive beam selected in process 824, UE 704 proceeds to process 830. In process 830, UE 704 can change the antenna panel and / or receive beam. For example, UE 704 can select the next optimal antenna panel to receive SSBs transmitted in one or more cells of TRP 706 by using the same or another specific beam selected from a predetermined beam set. UE 704 then returns to process 826 to determine the reception quality of the cell.

[0074] Figure 9 A schematic diagram 900 illustrates optimized reference signal (RS) scheduling for beam training and timing / frequency tracking during the random access procedure. As described above, UE 704 uses random access procedure 750 to access PSCell 722. Specifically, in sub-procedure 930, UE 704 may send a random access preamble to TRP 706. In sub-procedure 932, TRP 706 sends a random access response to UE 704 including uplink clearance. In sub-procedure 934, UE 704 may send RRC signaling (e.g., establishment request) to TRP 706. Subsequently, in sub-procedure 936, UE 704 and TRP 706 may begin data communication in PSCell 722.

[0075] During random access procedure 750, UE 704 can continue to monitor SSBs 942-1, 942-2, 942-3, 942-4, etc., transmitted in PSCell 722. UE 704 can utilize those SSBs to perform active antenna weight vector (AWV) training, as well as timing / frequency tracking and beamforming training. For example, after UE 704 sends a preamble in subprocess 930, UE 704 receives SSB 942-1 and measures SSB 942-1 to perform timing / frequency tracking and beamforming training. Subsequently, UE 704 receives SSB 942-2 and measures SSB 942-2 to perform active AWV training, which may include applying different weights to the TXRU on the active antenna panel used to receive SSB 942-2. Similarly, in parallel with the random access process 750, UE 704 measures SSB 942-3 to perform timing / frequency tracking and beam training, and measures SSB 942-4 to perform active AWV training.

[0076] Figure 10 A schematic diagram 1000 illustrates a technique for intelligent beam reporting of layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP). This technique can be used, for example, when UE 704 measures SSB 942-1 and SSB 942-3 to perform beam training. FR2 connectivity supports directional communication with multiple antenna assemblies and provides additional beamforming gain to compensate for propagation loss. However, directional links will require precise beam alignment at TRP 706 and UE 704. This introduces the need for efficient beam management, where UE 704 and TRP 706 periodically identify the optimal beam to operate at any given point in time.

[0077] In the example, TRP 706 forms beams 1020 to 1027, etc., in various directions. TRP 706 transmits RS (e.g., SSB) on each beam. More specifically, in process 1052, UE 704 periodically measures the L1-RSRP and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RS transmitted on each beam to collect the measurement results. In process 1054, UE 704 classifies the beams based on the corresponding L1-RSRP values. In process 1056, to avoid high-interference serving beams, when some of the higher (top) L1-RSRPs of beams 1020-1027, etc., are within a predetermined range, UE 704 further compares the SNR of the beams corresponding to some of the higher L1-RSRPs. UE 704 can identify the beam with the highest SNR as the best beam. In process 1058, UE 704 reports the identified best beam and its corresponding RSRP to TRP 706.

[0078] Figure 11 A schematic diagram 1100 illustrates the RSRP value enhancement technique. As described above, UE 704 sends a beam report including the corresponding RSRP value to TRP 706. Specifically, UE 704 may send an optimal fine beam report. Based on the beam report, the base station of TRP 706 can determine that the channel condition at UE 704 is poor, and can further determine that downlink transmission should not be allocated to UE 704 in SCG 726. Therefore, UE 704 can determine whether to perform the RSRP value enhancement technique. In process 1102, UE 704 determines whether it has received a downlink allocation in PSCell 722 within a first predetermined time period. When UE 704 has received a downlink allocation, UE 704 terminates the routine in process 1110.

[0079] When UE 704 has not yet received downlink allocation, in process 1104, UE 704 locates the last optimal fine beam report in response to the base station that allocated downlink transmission TRP 706 to UE 704; that is, UE 704 records the RSRP value currently responded to the base station. UE 704 records the RSRP value in the last optimal fine beam report as the threshold RSRP. RCV_TH Since UE 704 may have moved to another location with better downlink quality, in process 1106, UE 704 generates a current best fine beam report with the current RSRP and determines whether the current RSRP is greater than or equal to the RSRP. RCV_TH When the current RSRP is greater than or equal to RSRR PCV_TH In process 1108, UE 704 can increase the current RSRP value and send a current best fine beam report, including the increased RSRP value, to TRP 706. Therefore, UE 704 has a greater chance of obtaining CQI acquisition reports from the base station of TRP 706. When the current RSRP is not greater than or equal to RSRP... RCV_TH At that time, UE 704 terminates the routine in process 1110.

[0080] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram 1200 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of a device 1202 employing a processing system 1214. Device 1202 may be a UE (e.g., UE 704). The processing system 1214 may be implemented using a bus architecture (typically represented by bus 1224). Depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of the processing system 1214, bus 1224 may include any number of interconnect buses and bridges. Bus 1224 links various circuits together, including one or more processors and / or hardware components (represented by one or more processors 1204, receiving component 1264, transmitting component 1270, CSM component 1276, beam management component 1278, and computer-readable medium / memory 1206). Bus 1224 may also link various other circuits (e.g., timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuitry, etc.).

[0081] The processing system 1214 may be coupled to transceiver 1210, which may be one or more of transceivers 254. The transceiver 1210 may be coupled to one or more antennas 1220, which may be communication antennas 252.

[0082] Transceiver 1210 provides means for communicating with various other devices via a transmission medium. Transceiver 1210 receives signals from one or more antennas 1220, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to processing system 1214, specifically receiving component 1264. Furthermore, transceiver 1210 receives information from processing system 1214, specifically transmitting component 1270, and generates signals to be applied to one or more antennas 1220 based on the received information.

[0083] Processing system 1214 includes one or more processors 1204 coupled to computer-readable medium / memory 1206. The one or more processors 1204 are responsible for overall processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory 1206. When the software is executed by the one or more processors 1204, it causes processing system 1214 to perform the various functions described above for any particular device. Computer-readable medium / memory 1206 may also be used to store data manipulated by the one or more processors 1204 during software execution. Processing system 1214 also includes at least one of a receiving component 1264, a transmitting component 1270, a CSM component 1276, and a beam management component 1278. These components may be software components running in the one or more processors 1204, residing in / stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1206, one or more hardware components coupled to the one or more processors 1204, or some combination thereof. The processing system 1214 may be a component of the UE 250 and may include at least one of memory 260 and / or TX processor 268, RX processor 256 and controller / processor 259.

[0084] In one configuration, the means 1202 for wireless communication includes a reference for performing a reference. Figure 7-11 The means for each operation / process of UE 704. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of means 1202 and / or the processing system 1214 of means 1202 configured to perform the functions described by the aforementioned means.

[0085] As described above, the processing system 1214 may include a TX processor 268, an RX processor 256, and a controller / processor 259. Therefore, in one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX processor 268, the RX processor 256, and the controller / processor 259 configured to perform the functions described by the aforementioned means.

[0086] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowchart is an example of an exemplary method. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowchart may be rearranged based on design preferences. Furthermore, some boxes may be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of the various boxes in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit one to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0087] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the text of the claims, wherein, unless expressly stated, references to elements in the singular form are not intended to mean “one and only one,” but rather “one or more.” The term “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the term “some” means one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, phrases such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" can be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, wherein any such combination may include one or more members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents of elements throughout the various aspects described herein, as known or will be known by those skilled in the art, are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is expressly recited in the claims. Terms such as "module," "mechanism," "element," and "device" may not replace the term "apparatus." Therefore, unless a claim element is explicitly stated using the phrase "apparatus for...", no claim element should be construed as an apparatus plus a function.

Claims

1. A method for fast connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system, comprising: Receive instructions in the primary cell to add a primary / secondary cell group; Initiate a random access process for the primary and secondary cell group; When executing this random access process: Receive one or more reference signals in the primary and secondary cell group; as well as Measure one or more reference signals to select antenna panels and beams to receive data in the primary and secondary cell group. After the random access process is completed, the data is received in the beam at the antenna panel. Determine that the user equipment did not receive downlink transmission allocation in the primary and secondary cell group within the predetermined time period; The reference signal received power threshold is determined to be the previous reference signal received power, wherein the previous reference signal received power is the one recorded by the user equipment in the previous downlink transmission allocation sent by the base station to the user equipment in the primary and secondary cell group. Determine that the received power of the reference signal being measured is greater than or equal to the threshold power of that reference signal. Generate a reference signal received power that is greater than the measured reference signal received power; as well as The increased reference signal reception power is sent to the base station. The step of measuring the one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam includes: Measure the corresponding reference signals received at each of the multiple antenna panels in the main and auxiliary cell group. as well as The measurement, based on the respective reference signals, selects the antenna panel from the plurality of antenna panels.

2. The method for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further includes: During the execution of the random access process, beam training is performed based on the measurement of one or more reference signals.

3. The method for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further includes: During the execution of the random access procedure, timing and frequency tracking are performed based on the measurement of one or more reference signals.

4. The method for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of measuring the one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam include: Measure the reference signal corresponding to each of the multiple beams in the primary and secondary cell group, wherein the corresponding reference signal is received at the antenna panel; and The measurement, based on the corresponding reference signals, selects the beam from the plurality of beams.

5. The method for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of measuring the one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam include: Measure the reference signals corresponding to each of the multiple beams in the primary and secondary cell group to determine the received power and signal-to-noise ratio of the corresponding reference signals associated with the multiple beams; and The beam is selected from the plurality of beams based on the received power of each corresponding reference signal associated with each beam and the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio.

6. A device for rapid connection and maintenance in a millimeter-wave system, the device being user equipment, comprising: Memory; as well as At least one processor coupled to the memory, and the at least one processor being configured to: Receive instructions in the primary cell to add a primary / secondary cell group; Initiate a random access process for the primary and secondary cell group; When executing this random access process: Receive one or more reference signals in the primary and secondary cell group; as well as Measure one or more reference signals to select antenna panels and beams to receive data in the primary and secondary cell group. After the random access process is completed, the data is received in the beam at the antenna panel. It is determined that the user equipment did not receive downlink transmission allocation in the primary and secondary cell group within the predetermined time period; The reference signal received power threshold is determined to be the previous reference signal received power, wherein the previous reference signal received power is the one recorded by the user equipment in the previous downlink transmission allocation sent by the base station to the user equipment in the primary and secondary cell group. Determine that the received power of the reference signal being measured is greater than or equal to the threshold power of that reference signal. Generate a reference signal received power that is greater than the measured reference signal received power; as well as The increased reference signal reception power is sent to the base station. In measuring the one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam, the at least one processor is further configured to: Measure the corresponding reference signals received at each of the multiple antenna panels in the main and auxiliary cell group. as well as The measurement, based on the respective reference signals, selects the antenna panel from the plurality of antenna panels.

7. The apparatus for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The at least one processor is further configured to: During the execution of the random access process, beam training is performed based on the measurement of one or more reference signals.

8. The apparatus for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The at least one processor is further configured to: During the execution of the random access procedure, timing and frequency tracking are performed based on the measurement of one or more reference signals.

9. The apparatus for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In measuring the one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam, the at least one processor is further configured to: Measure each reference signal corresponding to each of the multiple beams in the primary and secondary cell group, wherein the corresponding reference signals are received at the antenna panel; as well as The measurement, based on the corresponding reference signals, selects the beam from the plurality of beams.

10. The apparatus for rapid connection and maintenance of a millimeter-wave system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In measuring the one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam, the at least one processor is further configured to: Measure each reference signal corresponding to each of the multiple beams in the primary and secondary cell group to determine the received power and signal-to-noise ratio of each reference signal associated with the multiple beams; as well as The beam is selected from the plurality of beams based on the received power of each corresponding reference signal associated with each beam and the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio.

11. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable code for fast connectivity and maintenance of millimeter-wave systems, wherein when executed, the code causes a processor of a user equipment to perform the following steps: Receive instructions in the primary cell to add a primary / secondary cell group; Initiate a random access process for the primary and secondary cell group; When executing this random access process: Receive one or more reference signals in the primary and secondary cell group; as well as Measure one or more reference signals to select antenna panels and beams to receive data in the primary and secondary cell group. After the random access process is completed, the data is received in the beam at the antenna panel. It is determined that the user equipment did not receive downlink transmission allocation in the primary and secondary cell group within the predetermined time period; The reference signal received power threshold is determined to be the previous reference signal received power, wherein the previous reference signal received power is the one recorded by the user equipment in the previous downlink transmission allocation sent by the base station to the user equipment in the primary and secondary cell group. Determine that the received power of the reference signal being measured is greater than or equal to the threshold power of that reference signal. Generate a reference signal received power that is greater than the measured reference signal received power; as well as The increased reference signal reception power is sent to the base station. When the code is executed during the measurement of one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam, it causes the processor of the user equipment to further perform the following steps: Measure the corresponding reference signals received at each of the multiple antenna panels in the primary and secondary cell group; and The measurement, based on the respective reference signals, selects the antenna panel from the plurality of antenna panels.

12. The computer-readable medium for storing computer-executable code for rapid interconnection and maintenance of millimeter-wave systems according to claim 11, characterized in that, When this code is executed, it causes the processor of the user device to further perform the following steps: During the execution of the random access process, beam training is performed based on the measurement of one or more reference signals.

13. The computer-readable medium for storing computer-executable code for rapid connectivity and maintenance of millimeter-wave systems according to claim 11, characterized in that, When this code is executed, it causes the processor of the user device to further perform the following steps: During the execution of the random access procedure, timing and frequency tracking are performed based on the measurement of one or more reference signals.

14. The computer-readable medium for storing computer-executable code for rapid connectivity and maintenance of millimeter-wave systems according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the code is executed during the measurement of one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam, it causes the processor of the user equipment to further perform the following steps: Measure each reference signal corresponding to each of the multiple beams in the primary and secondary cell group, wherein the corresponding reference signals are received at the antenna panel; as well as The measurement, based on the corresponding reference signals, selects the beam from the plurality of beams.

15. The computer-readable medium for storing computer-executable code for rapid interconnection and maintenance of millimeter-wave systems according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the code is executed during the measurement of one or more reference signals to select the antenna panel and the beam, it causes the processor of the user equipment to further perform the following steps: Measure each reference signal corresponding to each of the multiple beams in the primary and secondary cell group to determine the received power and signal-to-noise ratio of each reference signal associated with the multiple beams; as well as The beam is selected from the plurality of beams based on the received power of each corresponding reference signal associated with each beam and the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio.

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